Abstract: This hybrid ink get printer HIP includes; a print medium supply unit MS for supplying a print medium W; and a printing unit 4 for printing on the print medium W, the printing unit 4 comprising at least two print head units each configured from a print head that discharges ink, and a drying format differing between ink discharged by one of the print head units and ink discharged by another of the print head units.

Abstract: A method for forming an ink jet printhead comprises processing an epoxy adhesive such that negative effects from physical contact with particular inks are reduced or eliminated. Conventional adhesives processed using conventional techniques are known to gain weight, swell, and/or oxidize when exposed to certain inks such as ultraviolet inks and pigmented inks. An embodiment of the present teachings can include processing of an adhesive including a processes a particular adhesive comprising a cresol novolac resin and a dicydiandiamide curing agent using a particular process, such that the resulting epoxy adhesive is suitable for printhead applications.

Abstract: A wall-shaped enclosure that forms a space which can accommodate a head chip is formed in a projecting manner at a lower end of a lower case member. Since a cylindrical thick part is formed at the lower end of the lower case member, the lower case member is unlikely to be bent, particularly around the wall-shaped enclosure and a part where the wall-shaped enclosure is disposed. The head chip that is disposed in the space of the lower case member which is unlikely to be bent is unlikely to be subjected to an external force, and the cover member absorbs torsion generated between the head chip and the lower case member so that the head chip is even more unlikely to be subjected to the external force.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes: a chip including a substrate having an energy generating element, an ejection orifice member, and an electrode terminal; an electric wiring board; a support member for supporting the wiring board, the support member having an opening surrounding the chip; a chip periphery sealing member which fills a gap between the chip and the opening; and an electrically connecting portion sealing member disposed in contact with the chip periphery sealing member and which covers an electrically connecting portion between the chip and the electric wiring board. The electrically connecting portion sealing member is a cured product of a material containing filler. The chip periphery sealing member is a cured product of a material containing at least one of specific siloxanes. The chip periphery sealing member and the electrically connecting portion sealing member has a difference in coefficient of linear expansion of 50 ppm/° C. or more.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a MEMS inkjet type print head and the resulting device is disclosed. The method includes providing a driver component and separately providing an actuatable membrane component, the actuatable membrane component being formed in the absence of an acid etch removing a sacrificial layer. The separately provided actuatable membrane component is bonded to the driver component and a nozzle plate is attached to the actuatable membrane component subsequent to the bonding. Separately fabricating the components removes the need for hydrofluoric acid etch removal of a sacrifical layer previously required for forming the actuatable membrane with respect to the driver component.

Abstract: In some aspects of the present application, a method of manufacturing a print head is disclosed. The method can include providing a jet stack including an array of jets, bonding an actuator layer to the jet stack, the actuator layer including an actuator array, applying a standoff adhesive layer to the actuator layer and the jet stack, the standoff layer having an array of holes, wherein each hole of the array of holes overlies one of the actuators of the actuator array. A flex circuit layer having an array of bumped contact pads is aligned such that each bumped contact pad aligns with one of the holes of the standoff adhesive. Further, the flex circuit layer is boned to the jet stack layer.

Abstract: A microfluidic device includes a substrate; at least one inorganic layer provided on the substrate; a patterned epoxy layer formed over the at least one inorganic layer, the patterned epoxy layer including a wall that defines a location for a fluid in the microfluidic device; and an alkoxysilane material containing a primary or secondary amine for promoting adhesion between the at least one inorganic layer and the patterned epoxy layer.

Abstract: There is provided an ink jet recording method for printing a pigment in which a pigment printing ink composition including at least pigment as a colorant is discharged from a nozzle opening as an ink droplet having an amount of the ink of the ink droplet of 9 ng or less with an average discharging speed V of 5 m/s or greater at a distance in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm in the direction from the nozzle opening to cloth, and whereby the pigment printing ink composition is adhered to the cloth.

Abstract: A micro-fluid ejection device is assembled by wafer-to-wafer bonding at a temperature below about 150° C. a first silicon oxide layer of a first wafer, having flow features patterned in the first silicon oxide layer on an actuator chip in a first silicon substrate of the first wafer, to a second silicon oxide layer of a second wafer, defining a nozzle plate on a second silicon substrate of the second wafer. Nozzle holes are formed in the nozzle plate in alignment with actuator elements of the actuator chip of the first wafer either before or after bonding the first and second wafers together. The second silicon substrate of the second wafer is used as a handle and then removed from the silicon oxide layer of the second wafer after bonding the first and second wafers together.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a printhead includes providing a substrate and a filter membrane structure. A first portion of the substrate defines a plurality of nozzles and a second portion of the substrate defines a plurality of liquid chambers. Each liquid chamber of the plurality of liquid chambers is in fluid communication with a respective one of the plurality of nozzles. The filter membrane structure is adhered, for example, laminated, to the second portion of the substrate. Each liquid chamber of the plurality of liquid chambers is in fluid communication with a distinct portion of the filter membrane structure. Pores are formed in the filter membrane structure using a photo-lithography process.

Abstract: An alignment method includes: disposing an alignment mark provided to a positioned member and a reference mark provided to a surface of an alignment mask so that the alignment mark and the reference mark can face each other; capturing an image from the other surface side of the alignment mask, which is the opposite surface of the alignment mask from the surface where the reference mark is disposed, the image concurrently showing the alignment mark and the reference mark; performing a surface treatment on at least a region of the positioned member side of the alignment mask, which is captured as the image, rather than on the reference mark side thereof, the surface treatment providing a high contrast ratio to each alignment mark and reference mark on the captured image; and thereafter aligning the alignment mark with the reference mark, while checking the image.

Abstract: There is provided a discharge head including: a tubular member that includes a flat portion with an oblate shape where a cross-section of a tube path extends in a first direction, the tubular member being formed so that the flat portion includes a first wall that is flat and has an actuator attached to an outside thereof and the flat portion becomes a cavity with an internal volume thereof varying due to displacement of the first wall; and a nozzle opening that is provided at one end of the tubular member and discharges a liquid substance due to variation in the internal volume of the cavity.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid injecting apparatus equipped with a liquid injecting head, which is mounted on a carriage and moved reciprocally in a widthwise direction of a target, and a valve unit, which is mounted on the carriage to be supplied with liquid via a supply passage from a liquid retainer and to supply liquid to the liquid injecting head. The valve unit has a pressure chamber connected to the liquid retainer via the supply passage; a valve, which opens or closes the supply passage to supply liquid to the pressure chamber; and a flexible film member, which is displaced based on a negative pressure generated as liquid in the pressure chamber decreases to thereby operate the valve.

Abstract: A print head includes an ink cavity, a nozzle in fluid communication with the ink cavity, and at least one valve assembly. The valve assembly includes a stopper positioned adjacent the nozzle and adapted to control flow of ink through the nozzle and an arm supporting the stopper. The arm is configured to pivotally move the stopper with respect to the nozzle to control the flow of ink through the nozzle. An electromagnet is positioned adjacent the arm and configured to move the arm toward the electromagnet to open the nozzle. A biasing member biases the arm away from the electromagnet to close the nozzle.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a hammer bank for a line printer includes a back plate having a front surface, a back surface and a uniform thickness between the front and back surfaces. At least one hammer is disposed in front of the back plate. The at least one hammer is spring-biased for forward movement and away from the back plate and is releasably retained against such forward movement by a magnetic force acting rearwardly thereon. An elongated pole piece that is associated with the at least one hammer extends forwardly from the front surface of the back plate and is selectively operable to interrupt the magnetic force acting thereon.

Abstract: A printing system including a substrate support and an ink deposition unit. The ink distribution unit deposits liquid ink onto a substrate positioned on the substrate support. The system allows for relative movement between the substrate support and the ink deposition unit. After printing, the ink deposition unit rotates to be oriented with the longitudinal axis of the next image segment to be printed and wherein the rotation does not affect the image resolution. The system can print at least two axial images sharing at least one common image portion and having an angle between their longitudinal axes less than 90 degrees.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a liquid discharge head, the liquid discharge head includes a substrate provided on a surface with a first energy generating part and a second energy generating part for generating energy utilized for discharging a liquid; a first discharge port provided corresponding to the first energy generating part so as to face the surface; a second discharge port provided corresponding to the second energy generating part so as to face the surface; a first wall member which has a wall of a first liquid flow path which communicates with the first discharge port; and a second wall member which has a wall of a second liquid flow path which communicates the second discharge port, wherein a distance between the second energy generating part and the second discharge port is greater than a distance between the first energy generating part and the first discharge port.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a liquid discharge substrate including a discharge port; a flow path for supplying liquid to the liquid discharge substrate; an absorption member capable of absorbing a laser beam, wherein a first flow path portion constituting a portion of a wall of the flow path is formed on a surface thereof; and a transparent member transparent to a laser beam, wherein a second flow path portion constituting another portion of the wall of the flow path is formed on a surface thereof; wherein the flow path is formed by welding the surfaces of the absorption and transparent members with each other at a periphery of the first flow path portion using a laser beam, and wherein the second flow path portion is constituted by a depression including an inclined surface capable of reflecting a laser beam directed toward the first flow path portion.

Abstract: A liquid ejection device comprising a plurality of ejection parts for ejecting liquid in cavities, an inspection part for inspecting the ejection parts. The ejection parts are classified into a plurality of ranks according to the characteristics of individual ejection parts. The inspection part performs inspection in accordance with a determination reference corresponding to the ranks. The inspection is performed consecutively on those among the plurality of ejection parts that are classified in the same rank.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a substrate, a pressure chamber, first and second common liquid chambers, a filter for inhibiting inflow of foreign matter in liquid supplied to the pressure chamber, first and second supply openings respectively communicating with the first and second common liquid chambers, and a liquid receiving portion formed on an opposite surface of the substrate. The second common liquid chamber, the pressure chamber, and the first common liquid chamber are arranged in the listed order in a direction from an end of the substrate to a center of the substrate. The first common liquid chamber communicates with the pressure chamber via the filter, and the second common liquid chamber communicates with the pressure chamber through no filter.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejecting method, including: ejecting a liquid from a liquid ejecting head, wherein the viscosity of the liquid is in a range from 6 mPa·s to 20 mPa·s, wherein the liquid ejecting head includes: nozzles which eject the liquid; a pressure chamber which applies a pressure variation to the liquid in order to eject the liquid from the nozzles; and a supply unit which communicates with the pressure chamber and supplies the liquid to the pressure chamber, and wherein the opening area of the nozzles on the side in which the liquid is ejected is 1/10 or less of the opening area of the opening of the supply unit on the pressure chamber side.

Abstract: A manifold assembly for a fluid-ejection device having multiple-fluid type fluid-ejection printheads organized in a page-wide array includes a lower-most deck and an upper-most deck. The lower-most deck is to supply a first type of fluid and a second type of fluid to the fluid-ejection printheads. The first type of fluid and the second type of fluid are exterior-most fluids ejected by the fluid-ejection printheads in relation to a direction of media movement through the fluid-ejection device. The upper-most deck is to supply a third type of fluid and a fourth type of fluid to the fluid-ejection printheads. The third type of fluid and the fourth type of fluid are interior-most fluids ejected by the fluid-ejection printheads in relation to the direction of media movement through the fluid ejection device.

Abstract: A printing system including a substrate support and an ink deposition unit. The ink distribution unit deposits liquid ink onto a substrate positioned on the substrate support. The system allows for relative movement between the substrate support and the ink deposition unit. After printing, the ink deposition unit rotates to be oriented with the longitudinal axis of the next image segment to be printed and wherein the rotation does not affect the image resolution. The system can print at least two axial images sharing at least one common image portion and having an angle between their longitudinal axes less than 90 degrees.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a substrate and a flow-path-forming member that forms a plurality of flow paths and discharge ports that are in communication with the flow paths on the substrate. Liquid is to be discharged from the discharge ports. A space is formed between the plurality of flow paths and is filled with a filling material. In the case where a direction in which the liquid is to be discharged from the discharge ports is an upward direction, a top surface of the filling material is positioned at the same height as a face surface of the flow-path-forming member or is positioned higher than the face surface of the flow-path-forming member in the upward direction.

Abstract: A print head includes an energy generating element, a chamber for accommodating liquid, and an ejection opening for ejecting liquid from the chamber, thus applying the energy to the liquid in the chamber from the energy generating element to eject the liquid from the ejection opening, wherein the ejection opening includes at least two projections convex to an inside of the ejection opening in a cross section perpendicular to a liquid ejecting direction and has a tapered angle ?1 in regard to the liquid ejecting direction, enabling a meniscus of the liquid to be formed therebetween at the liquid ejecting time, and an outer edge portion has a tapered angle ?2 in regard to the liquid ejecting direction, wherein the tapered angles ?1 and ?2 are defined to meet a formula of 0°??1?10° and a formula of ?2>?1.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide materials and methods for a superoleophobic device, which can include a conformal oleophobic coating disposed on glass pillars and/or stripe-shaped glass structures on a glass substrate to provide the device with a textured superoleophobic surface.

Abstract: The invention describes an inkjet printer with a printing bed for displacing a print medium in a forward feed direction and a print head carriage disposed above the printing bed for displacing at least one print head unit in a transverse feed direction, a print head unit with at least one print head being provided for every color to be printed, each print head having at least one nozzle row oriented in the forward feed direction of the print medium. The nozzles of the at least one nozzle row of the print head unit are disposed offset from one another by a nozzle distance D by reference to the forward feed direction. Another print head unit is provided, which has nozzles in at least one nozzle row disposed offset from one another by a second nozzle distance d by reference to the forward feed direction of the print medium, the ratio derived from the nozzle distance D and the second nozzle distance d being a rational number and greater than 1.

Abstract: A multichannel printhead is proposed having an array of fluid ejectors for applying a liquid coating material to a surface, characterized in, that each fluid ejector includes a fluid valve with a closing element such as an actuated membrane 8 or an actuated valve seal 11, interacting with a valve seat 10 connected to the valve opening 9, the fluid valve controlling the flow of the liquid coating material through the valve opening 9, that the valve opening 9 enters into multiple fluid outlets 6, that the fluid outlets 6 of all of the fluid ejectors are arranged within a regular array of at least one row, that the fluid ejectors are actuated as to discharge discrete amounts of the liquid coating material through the fluid outlets 6 to the surface according to the drop-on-demand principle, whereas the valve seats 10 and valve openings 9 of at least one fluid ejector are part of a first plate and the fluid-outlets 6 of at least one fluid ejector are part of a second plate.

Abstract: Provided is an inkjet printing device. The inkjet printing device includes a passage forming substrate having a plurality of pressure chambers and a nozzle substrate. The nozzle substrate includes a plurality of nozzle blocks extending in a first direction, a plurality of nozzles connected to the pressure chambers and penetrating the nozzle blocks, and a plurality of trenches. Each of the trenches is disposed in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction with respect to the nozzle blocks, recessed from a bottom surface of the nozzle blocks, and extends in the first direction.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a nozzle plate includes providing a substrate having a nozzle surface in which a plurality of nozzle holes jetting a liquid is formed, and on which a water repellent film is formed, placing a plurality of droplets of a liquid resin around each of the nozzle holes, and curing the liquid droplets to form projections of a constant height around the nozzle holes. By placing the plurality of droplets of the liquid resin to surrounding area of each of the nozzle holes, and curing the droplets, it is possible to form the projections which prevent a recording medium from making contact with the nozzle surface.

Abstract: A micro-fluid ejection head has an ejection chip to expel fluid. It connects to a laminate construct. The construct has vertically configured wiring layers interspersed with non-conductive layers, such as carbon fiber layers. An upper of the wiring layers electrically connects to the ejection chip. The upper layer may also support a planar undersurface of the chip directly on a surface or in a recessed pocket. The two can connect with a die bond, such as one having silica or boron nitride. Fluid connections exist between ink feed slots of the chip and the laminate construct. A silicon tile or other material may also fluidly interconnect with the two. A plastic manifold optionally supports the laminate construct and may fluidly connect to it. The wiring layers of the laminate contemplate ground, power, and various bond pads. Other construct layers contemplate prepreg or core FR4 layers.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a liquid discharge head substrate including a discharge port through which a liquid is discharged, and a plurality of energy generating elements that generate energy for discharging the liquid from the discharge port, and a circuit board having flexibility including a pair of differential transmission lines for transmitting differential transmission signals used as logical signals for driving the energy generating elements, to the liquid discharge head substrate, and a voltage supply line for supplying a voltage applied to the energy generating elements to obtain the energy, to the liquid discharge head substrate, wherein the pair of differential transmission lines is provided on one surface of the circuit board, and the voltage supply line is provided on the other surface of the circuit board, which is on a reverse side of the one surface.

Abstract: There is provided an inkjet print head, including: a first channel to which ink is supplied; a second channel disposed in parallel with the first channel and recovering ink; a pressure chamber disposed between the first channel and the second channel; an ink supply route connecting the first channel to the pressure chamber; and an ink discharge route connecting the pressure chamber to the second channel.

Abstract: A printhead assembly includes a plurality of inkjet ejector arrays having corresponding ink receptacles. Each inkjet array is formed from a plurality of inkjet stack layers that are bonded to a single aperture layer that flexes to position the inkjet arrays at a predetermined distance from a curved image receiving surface.

Abstract: An inkjet recording system including a separation unit configured to obtain separated data which corresponds to each of a plurality of nozzle arrays from input image data, a gradation correction unit configured to perform gradation correction by one-dimensional conversion on the separated data obtained by the separation unit, and a quantization unit configured to quantize the data on which the gradation correction is performed by the gradation correction unit to generate the recording data, wherein the separation unit obtains the separated data so that first separated data and second separated data corresponding to at least a pair of nozzle arrays for adjusting an effect of an air current have a same value, and the gradation correction unit performs different gradation correction on the first separated data and the second separated data which have the same value.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image forming method including ejecting an ink containing a silicic acid compound from an inkjet head, whereby deterioration of the head members is suppressed and a high precision image is formable stably over a long-term, the inkjet head being equipped with plural liquid droplet ejecting elements 80 having nozzles 64, pressure chamber 58, supply channel 60, and piezoelectric element 68, which transforms vibrating plate 66 that constitutes a wall of pressure chamber 58, and an ink circulation unit which has common flow channel 52 that is connected with each of plural liquid droplet ejecting elements 80 via supply channels 60, and common circulation channel 70 that is connected with each of plural liquid droplet ejecting elements 80 via reflux channels 72, that supplies the ink to plural liquid droplet ejecting elements from common flow channel 52, and that circulates the ink to common circulation channel.

Abstract: There is provided a nozzle contact unit capable of realizing a contact state, where a contact surface comes into close contact with a nozzle formation surface to block a plurality of nozzle openings, and a separated state, where the contact surface is separated from the nozzle formation surface. The nozzle contact unit separates the contact surface from the nozzle formation surface to sequentially open the nozzle openings preferentially from the nozzle opening of the nozzle with a shorter flow passage length of ink flowing from a supply port to the nozzle via a common ink chamber among the plurality of nozzle openings in a procedure from the contact state to the separated state.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a liquid discharge substrate configured to discharge liquid; a flow channel configured to supply the liquid to the liquid discharge substrate and including a first flow channel portion, a second flow channel portion communicating with the first flow channel portion and extending in a direction intersecting a predetermined direction in which the first flow channel portion extends, and a third flow channel portion provided on a downstream side of a position of communication between the first and second flow channel portion with respect to a flow of liquid flowing in the first flow channel portion and communicating with the first flow and second flow channel portion, the third flow channel portion including a first wall defining an end portion of a flow channel and a second wall having an inclined surface inclining toward a wall which defines the second flow channel portion.

Abstract: A printhead die is provided that includes a substrate and a slot extending through the substrate, the slot including a first slot segment and a discrete second slot segment, the second slot segment being offset from the first slot segment along a major axis and along an orthogonal minor axis.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejection head, including: a substrate including: a supply port that is a through hole for supplying liquid; an energy generating element for generating energy to be used for ejecting the liquid; a first film that covers the energy generating element; and a second film formed on the first film; and a flow path forming member bonded to the substrate, for forming a flow path for supplying the liquid supplied from the supply port to an ejection orifice, in which when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the substrate, an end portion of the first film extends inwardly from an opening edge of the supply port, and an end portion of the second film is located between the opening edge of the supply port and the end portion of the first film.

Abstract: Fluid ejection nozzles having a tapered section leading to a straight walled bore are described. Both the tapered section of the nozzle and the straight walled bore are formed from a single side of semiconductor layer so that the tapered section and the bore are aligned with one another, even when an array of nozzles are formed across a die and multiple dies are formed on a semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A droplet discharge head includes a nozzle plate provided with a nozzle opening which discharges an ink drop, an actuator substrate which forms a pressurized liquid chamber communicating with the nozzle opening, and is provided with a pressure generator changing a pressure in the pressured liquid chamber, and a common liquid chamber-forming substrate which forms a common liquid chamber to which ink which is supplied to the pressurized liquid chamber is supplied, the common liquid chamber-forming substrate includes a first plate made of a metal material, a second plate made of a resin material provided on one surface of the first plate, and a third plate made of a resin material provided on the other surface of the first plate, and the first plate, the second plate, and the third plate being integrally molded in a thickness direction.

Abstract: Among other things, a printhead is formed by actions that include providing a body of silicon material, forming in the body of silicon material at least a portion of a flow path in which fluid is to be pressurized, and forming in the body of silicon material at least a portion of a deaerator partition between a first region and a second region that are connected by a passageway. The deaerator partition is configured to remove gases or bubbles from the fluid. The first region is to be characterized by a first air pressure and the second region is to be characterized by an air pressure different for the first air pressure.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes: a flow channel formation member configured of silicon; a nozzle plate configured of silicon; a manifold member that, along with the flow channel formation members, defines a manifold that communicates with a plurality of pressure generation chambers; and a cover member that is affixed to the manifold member and to the surface of the flow channel formation member that is affixed to the nozzle plate and that seals the manifold. Here, the cover member is formed of a different material from the nozzle plate and is anchored at a distance from the nozzle plate.

Abstract: An inkjet head with a harmonica-type head tip is configured in a way that wirings electrically connected to drive electrodes within channels are led rearward from a rear surface of the head tip. A groove is provided along an array direction of the channels in areas on the rear surface of the head tip in which the channels are not formed. A lead-out electrode, which is electrically connected to drive electrodes, is formed from the rear surface of the head tip to the interior of the groove. One end of a wiring member, which has connecting wirings upon an insulating material corresponding to the lead-out electrodes, is inserted into the groove. The drive electrode is electrically connected to the connecting wiring via the lead-out electrode as a result of the electrical connection of the connecting wiring within the groove to the lead-out electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an ejecting apparatus including: an upper body which includes an inlet through which ejectable fluid flows in from an external source, a channel which fluidly communicates with the inlet and through which the ejectable fluid flows, and an upper mounting portion which fluidly communicates with the channel and is opened downwardly; a lower body which includes a lower mounting portion which is opened upwardly to correspond to the upper mounting portion, and a nozzle slit which fluidly communicates with the lower mounting portion to eject the ejectable fluid to an outside, the lower body being fastened to the upper body, and a nozzle chip which is interposed between the upper mounting portion and the lower mounting portion to receive the ejectable fluid from the channel and discharge the ejectable fluid into the nozzle slit by being driven by an actuator.

Abstract: A recording head includes flange portions to which spacers are anchored on both sides of the recording head with a head case therebetween. Spacer attachment holes are provided in the flange portions in the center of the width direction orthogonal to a nozzle row in the recording head, and a round hole and an oblong hole relative to the spacers are provided in the flange portions in positions that are distanced from a center line in the width direction. Positioning holes for the flange portions are provided in the spacers in positions that correspond to the round hole and the oblong hole in the flange portions, and the spacers are anchored to the flange portions on both sides so as to be oriented symmetrically to each other, in a positioned state in which the positions of the positioning holes are aligned with the round hole and the oblong hole.

Abstract: A pigment dispersion containing a metal pigment, wherein the metal pigment contains plate-like particles, and in the case where the longitudinal diameter on the planar surface of the plate-like particle is X, the lateral diameter is Y, and the thickness is Z, the 50% average particle diameter R50 of a corresponding circle determined from the surface area in the X-Y plane of the plate-like particle is between 0.5 and 3 ?m, and the condition R50/Z>5 is satisfied.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head including an ejection device substrate having a substrate provided with an energy-generating element that generates energy for ejecting a liquid, a liquid supply member that supplies the liquid to the ejection device substrate, and a support member that is provided between and joined to the ejection device substrate and the liquid supply member. The support member has at least two liquid supply flow paths that are through-holes extending through the support member and has a projected or depressed portion at its joint surface with respect to the liquid supply member. A spacing between two adjoining liquid supply flow paths at the joint surface with respect to the liquid supply member is larger than a spacing between the adjoining two liquid supply flow paths at a joint surface of the support member with respect to the ejection device substrate.

Abstract: A discharge test device including: a head that includes nozzles discharging liquid to a medium, a temperature obtaining section that obtains a temperature related to the head, an identification section that identifies an abnormal nozzle, and a control section that controls the head and the identification section so that: when the temperature obtained is within a first temperature range, the head discharges the liquid to the medium after identification of the abnormal nozzle, when the temperature is outside the first temperature range and within a larger, second temperature range, the head discharges the liquid to the medium without the abnormal nozzle being identified, and when the temperature obtained by the temperature obtaining section is outside the second temperature range, the abnormal nozzle is not identified and the liquid is not discharged to the medium.