Abstract: A method, apparatus and system for determining and mapping potential net service impairments using multiple datasets associated with a network.

Abstract: Monitoring consumption of media content on a device may include receiving a media content playback event at a content consumption device, generating a content consumption notification message including subscriber information, content consumption device information, media content playback event identifier, and media content information, and transmitting the generated consumption notification message to a content consumption monitoring system.

Abstract: The present technology provides solutions that enable accurate measuring of frequency response on a network (e.g., cable network, fiber optic network) through frequency sweep testing. In various embodiments, the present technology provides a remote transmitter test unit that can be physically deployed at various points in a network. The present technology provides for on demand sweep testing. A remote transmitter test unit or headend test unit can periodically transmit a query message and, based on a response to the query message, can initiate a sweep test. The present technology provides for automatic generation of a sweep profile for a sweep test. Based on an analysis of a frequency spectrum on a network, the sweep profile provides parameters for conducting a sweep test. The present technology provides for Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) table generation and OFDM sweep testing.

Abstract: A system, method and computer application to log signal egress (leakage signal) readings from a test instrument during a “walkout” mode where the technician and test instrument have left a vehicle and troubleshooting is being performed on foot. A unique troubleshooting and discovery dataset is created and capable of revealing problems not previously discoverable using vehicle mounted test instruments. In addition, the dataset may be used for quality control and other purposes such as e.g., providing a report or mapping of the path the technician used during the troubleshooting process. Augmented reality features may also be displayed on the technician's mobile device to facilitate finding the source of one or more leaks.

Abstract: A power-saving method for an HDMI device is provided. The method includes detecting color depth information of video data from an HDMI source which is connected to the HDMI port, deriving a horizontal length for each line by fragment of a picture frame according to the color depth information, generating a plurality of synchronization signals according to the horizontal length for each line by fragment, and powering on the HDMI port, according to the synchronization signals, for a predetermined time period to obtain encrypted information from the HDMI source, and powering off the HDMI port after the predetermined time period.

Abstract: Signals used to test for upstream signal leaks in a hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) network may be interleaved with client data and strategically timed to be received by a leak detection device with a one-hundred percent probability of intercept. A method includes receiving an indication that a user device is in proximity to a computing device. The method includes determining, based on the indication that the user device is in proximity to the computing device, signal information. The method includes causing, based on the signal information, the user device to output a signal. The method includes determining, based on an indication that the signal was received by the computing device, a location of a network leak.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing interference groups in a full duplex transmission network.

Abstract: A retimer application system is provided, which includes a primary chip, a retimer, and a secondary chip. After first link training is completed, the retimer is configured to store, in a first storage area, an equalization parameter corresponding to each rate during the first link training, and data stored in the first storage area is not lost when the retimer performs a reset operation. The retimer is further configured to: receive a reset indication, and perform the reset operation according to the reset indication. The primary chip and the secondary chip are configured to perform second link training triggered by the reset indication. During the second link training, the retimer is further configured to: invoke the equalization parameter, and transparently transmit a training sequence in the second link training to the primary chip or the secondary chip based on the equalization parameter.

Abstract: A method for monitoring leakage in an aeronautical band of a high split HFC by a detection and validation of OUDP bursts includes: providing an apparatus for use in a patrol vehicle, the apparatus including a leak signal receiver coupled to a processor; measuring a duration of detected bursts to provide a plurality of burst durations; collecting a histogram of the burst durations during a measuring session to provide a duration histogram; and determining a presence of a leak based on a comparison of the duration histogram with expected durations of OUDP bursts. Systems for monitoring leakage in an aeronautical band of a high split HFC by a detection and validation OUDP bursts, and other methods for monitoring leakage in an aeronautical band of a high split HFC by a detection and validation OUDP bursts are also described.

Abstract: An electronic device, computer program product, and method are provided that autonomously mitigates degraded transmissions from a second electronic device to a video communication session. The electronic device receives at least one of an audio stream and an image stream provided by transmitting device(s) of second electronic devices(s) during a video communication session. The electronic device communicates the at least one of the audio stream and the image stream to other second electronic device(s). A controller of the electronic device determines whether the at least one of the audio stream and the image stream from a particular second electronic device is in a degraded state. In response to determining that at least one of the audio stream and the image stream received from the particular second electronic device is in a degraded state, the controller alerts the particular second electronic device of the degraded state of the transmission.

Abstract: A system for detecting a failure along a transmission line of a cable plant is provided. The system includes a mobile vehicle configured to travel along a pathway substantially proximate to the cable plant along a span of the transmission line, and a transmitter disposed with the mobile vehicle. The transmitter is configured to emit (i) a test signal capable of ingressing the transmission line at a location of the failure, and (ii) an information signal containing location and velocity data of the mobile vehicle. The test signal is configured to provide phase shift and Doppler frequency information to a receiver operably connected to the transmission line at a location upstream from the location of the failure.

Abstract: A method for rolling shutter compensation during signal delay measurement, comprising displaying a video test pattern on a display, said video test pattern having a temporal event; capturing a video of the display, by a camera; monitoring a plurality of regions of the display in the video; detecting times (1230, 1240) at which the temporal event appears in each monitored region of the display in the video; and extrapolating the detected times (1230, 1240) to calculate the time (1250) at which said temporal event would appear at a selected region of the video.

Abstract: An estimation method suitable for a receiver and includes the following steps: calculating a relative signal-to-noise ratio, and determining whether the relative signal-to-noise ratio is higher than, lower than or within a threshold range; in response to determining that the relative signal-to-noise ratio is higher than the threshold range, estimating the signal quality indicator as a first preset value, wherein the first preset value represents a best signal quality; in response to determining that the relative signal-to-noise ratio is higher than the threshold range, estimating the signal quality indicator as a first preset value, wherein the first preset value represents a best signal quality; in response to determining that the relative signal-to-noise ratio is within the threshold range, estimating the signal quality indicator as an output value of a function according to a bit error rate, wherein an input value of the function is the relative signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: Radio frequency (RF) generators are disclosed. A RF generator may include a modulator configured to receive an arbitrary waveform and an RF carrier, and generate a pulsed radio frequency (RF). The arbitrary waveform may be generated via an analog signal generator external to the RF generator. Further, the RF generator may include an amplification stage configured to amplify the pulsed RF signal. RF generation systems and methods of generating a pulsed RF signal also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods provide secure, end-to-end high-speed data encoding and communication. In certain embodiments, this is accomplished by modifying a header portion of a data packet received from a first device and complying with a one Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI) protocol to create a modified data packet that complies with a faster MIPI protocol. The header portion of the modified data packet is validated during a tunnel mode operation using an error detection process to validate the modified data packet, which can then be securely transmitted to a second device that complies with the faster MIPI protocol.

Abstract: A bidirectional media communication channel testing platform includes an HDMI testing device including a video input port and an audio output port; a plurality of media streaming devices, each including a video transmission channel and an audio return channel; and a bidirectional switch including a video path and an audio path. The video path is configured to selectively couple the video input port of the HDMI testing device to a video transmission channel of a selected one of the plurality of media streaming devices, and the audio path is configured to concurrently couple the audio output port of the HDMI testing device to the audio return channel of each of the plurality of media streaming devices, regardless of a switching state of the video path of the bidirectional switch.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a training application generates a perceptual video model. The training application computes a first feature value for a first feature included in a feature vector based on a first color component associated with a first reconstructed training video. The training application also computes a second feature value for a second feature included in the feature vector based on a first brightness component associated with the first reconstructed training video. Subsequently, the training application performs one or more machine learning operations based on the first feature value, the second feature value, and a first subjective quality score for the first reconstructed training video to generate a trained perceptual quality model. The trained perceptual quality model maps a feature value vector for the feature vector to a perceptual quality score.

Abstract: A method is provided for calibrating a terminal device connected to a transmission line containing an impairment. The method includes steps of obtaining a sequence of frequency domain samples for a digital signal transmitted to the terminal device, determining a reflection coefficient from the obtained frequency domain sequence and a reflection signal arising from the impairment, converting the sequence of frequency domain samples and the frequency domain reflection signal into the time domain to generate a complex time domain sample sequence having a real I time component and an imaginary Q time component, correcting the time domain sample sequence into a corrected time sequence having a phase value of the Q component corresponding to a phase value of the I component, calculating a correcting spin coefficient from the corrected time sequence, and calibrating the terminal device with the correcting spin coefficient to mitigate a rotation of the reflection coefficient.

Abstract: A passive component for coupling to, and thereby tracking, an intermediary device within a cable television system is disclosed. The passive component includes a tracking circuit separate in functionality from an existing circuit of the intermediary device. The tracking circuit, which is unpowered and uncontrolled, receives a first signal from a first device in the cable television system, modifies the first signal to create a modified signal, and passes the modified first signal to a second device in the cable television system, the second device being configured to determine a type for the intermediary device based on the modification to the first signal. The first device is one of a cable modem or a CMTS, and the second device is the other of the cable modem and the CMTS.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media can stream a live video stream from a content provider. A portion of the live video stream can be buffered in a content buffer. The portion of the live video stream accumulated in the content buffer can be monitored during playback of the live stream. A latency action can be determined based on the monitoring of the portion of the live video stream. The latency action can adaptively adjust the playback of the live video stream. The playback of the live video stream can be caused to be adjusted adaptively according to the latency action.

Abstract: A controller controls multiple camera modules, and processes video images captured by the multiple camera modules. The controller is configured: (i) to output a frame synchronization signal FSYNC to each of the multiple camera modules; (ii) to receive frame data and a transmission synchronization signal SYNC that is synchronized with the frame data; (iii) to process the multiple items of frame data thus received; and (iv) to acquire a time difference between the corresponding frame synchronization signal and the corresponding transmission synchronization signal for each camera module, so as to adjust the timing of the frame synchronization signal according to the time difference.

Abstract: A method for signal leakage detection includes initializing a leakage probe by providing information about a tone to a plurality of nodes of a network, instructing a first modem connected to a first one of the nodes to generate the tone, instructing a set of the nodes to listen for the tone outside of the network according to the information about the tone, receiving, from the set of nodes, information about a plurality of detections of the tone outside of the network associated with a leakage of the tone from the network, and determining a location of the leakage of the tone from the network using the information about the detections of the tone.

Abstract: A method for monitoring leakage in the aeronautical band of a high split HFC includes providing an apparatus for use in a patrol vehicle, the apparatus including a leak signal receiver coupled to a processor; setting a plurality of coefficients for an OUDP matched filter for a current location of the patrol vehicle; detecting peaks over a detection threshold at an output of the OUDP matched filter; and determining a presence of a leak based on a time stamp and a level of each detected peak. An upstream leak detection system is also described.

Abstract: Videos may be characterized by objective metrics that quantify video quality. Embodiments are directed to target bitrate prediction methods in which one or more objective metrics may serve as inputs into a model that predicts a mean opinion score (MOS), a measure of perceptual quality, as a function of metric values. The model may be derived by generating training data through conducting subjective tests on a set of video encodings, obtaining MOS data from the subjective tests, and correlating the MOS data with metric measurements on the training data. The MOS predictions may be extended to predict the target (encoding) bitrate that achieves a desired MOS value. The target bitrate prediction methods may be applied to segments of a video. The methods may be made computationally faster by applying temporal subsampling.

Abstract: A blockchain data processing method includes: receiving a read request for target data stored in a blockchain; acquiring read permission index information of the target data from the blockchain, and acquiring a data read rule corresponding to the target data based on the read permission index information, the data read rule being configured to determine readable content in the target data; determining, in a predetermined trusted environment, the readable content in the target data based on the data read rule; and providing the readable content in the target data for a sender of the read request.

Abstract: A method of proprietary TDMA (Time-Division Multiple Access) data modulated signals nonlinear signal splitting (switching) system is disclosed. Said TDMA system operates over distribution CATV infrastructure and in ES (extended spectrum) that is usually allocated above in the frequency band comparing to one defined in the CATV DOCSIS standard. Said system is meant to increase data throughput capacity over existing CATV based systems targeting primarily ES (Extended Spectrum band) by means of TDMA approach. The purpose of the RF switches based tap box is to connect specific device to which TDMA packet is relayed to. This approach reduces excessive losses that are present in standard tap boxes by disconnecting other devices, which are not receiving or sending related TDMA data packets. The described method introduces switch control receiver concept that allows for configuration of various operation modes such as regular switched TDMA, amplified and broadcast modes.

Abstract: An ideal tap may have a plurality of ports that include at least an input port configured for receiving downstream (DS) signals from and transmitting upstream (US) signals to nodes upstream from the tap within the coaxial network, and one or more other ports that comprise at least one of an output port configured for transmitting downstream (DS) signals to and receiving upstream (US) signals from nodes downstream from the tap within the coaxial network, and a drop port for receiving signal from and transmitting signals to customer premise equipment (CPE) in the coaxial network. The ideal tap may further include processing circuits for handling signals received and transmitted via the tap, with the one or more processing circuits being configured to meet particular predefined tap performance criteria, and to specifically apply, during handling of signals in the tap, frequency shifting based on one or more frequency spectrum shift conditions.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method and related system for determining a quality of a synthesized video file. The method includes processing a reference video file and a synthesized video file associated with the reference video file to compare the original video file and the synthesized video file. The method also includes determining an extent of flicker distortion of the synthesized video file based on the processing.

Abstract: To realize a service of data content that can interlock with AV content of programs without providing a band for broadcasting data content in a broadcast band for digital television broadcast, provided is a reception apparatus that receives an audio and/or video (AV) content, the apparatus including: an extraction section to extract trigger information from the AV content, the trigger information being related to an application program that is executed interlocking with a progress of the AV content, the trigger information including a trigger type; and a control section to control one of an activation of the application program, a dispatch of an event of the application program being executed, and an end of the application program being executed in accordance with the trigger type included in the extracted trigger information.

Abstract: The disclosed technology teaches training a NR VMOS score generator by generating synthetically impaired images from FR video using filters tuned to generate impaired versions and applying a FR VMOS generator to pairs of unimpaired FR images from the FR video and the impaired versions of the FR images to create ground truth scores for the impaired versions. The disclosed method also includes training by machine learning model an image evaluation classifier using the ground truth scores and the impaired versions to generate NR VMOS scores, and storing coefficients of the image evaluation classifier for use as the NR VMOS score generator. Also disclosed is generating a NR VMOS score by invoking the trained NR VMOS score generator, with stored coefficients generated by feeding the trained NR VMOS score generator with images captured from scenes in a video to be scored, and evaluating the images to generate NR VMOS scores.

Abstract: There are provided computerized systems and methods for video quality assessment, the system including a server including a database configured to store pointers to a plurality of video clip pairs and a processor operatively connected thereto, configured to store pointers to a plurality of video clip pairs to be used in one or more test sessions performed by one or more users. The processor is configured to create, for each test session performed by a respective user: a test set, a display order and display positions of the each video in each video clip pairs in the set, and is further configured to send the one or more test sets to the one or more users for assessing quality and to receive feedback regarding the assessed quality, wherein the feedback is usable for providing subjective quality evaluation of the plurality of video clip pairs.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are system, method, and computer program product embodiments for identifying a geographical location of an issue in a broadcasting network. An embodiment operates by a server or a headend sending a diagnostic test to a set-top box capable of processing a channel. The diagnostic test informs the first set-top box to have an idle tuner tune to the channel and to determine a performance characteristic of the first set-top box in processing the first channel. After receipt of the performance characteristic, the server or headend performs an analysis of the first characteristic and determines whether there is an issue in the broadcasting network. If there is an issue, the server or headend identifies a geographical location of the issue in the broadcasting network and sends the geographical location to a user for resolution of the issue.

Abstract: Videos may be characterized by objective metrics that quantify video quality. Embodiments are directed to target bitrate prediction methods in which one or more objective metrics may serve as inputs into a model that predicts a mean opinion score (MOS), a measure of perceptual quality, as a function of metric values. The model may be derived by generating training data through conducting subjective tests on a set of video encodings, obtaining MOS data from the subjective tests, and correlating the MOS data with metric measurements on the training data. The MOS predictions may be extended to predict the target (encoding) bitrate that achieves a desired MOS value. The target bitrate prediction methods may be applied to segments of a video. The methods may be made computationally faster by applying temporal subsampling.

Abstract: A bidirectional media communication channel testing platform includes an HDMI testing device including a video input port and an audio output port; a plurality of media streaming devices, each including a video transmission channel and an audio return channel; and a bidirectional switch including a video path and an audio path. The video path is configured to selectively couple the video input port of the HDMI testing device to a video transmission channel of a selected one of the plurality of media streaming devices, and the audio path is configured to concurrently couple the audio output port of the HDMI testing device to the audio return channel of each of the plurality of media streaming devices, regardless of a switching state of the video path of the bidirectional switch.

Abstract: An error detecting system, comprising: a control circuit; and a first error detecting circuit, coupled to the control circuit, configure to detect error of input data. The control circuit controls the first error detecting circuit to use a first setting to detect the error in a first time period, controls the first error detecting circuit to use a second setting to detect the error in a second time period following the first time period, and controls the first error detecting circuit to generate a first detecting result corresponding to the first setting and the second setting after the detection corresponding to the first setting and the second setting are completed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application relate to a method for allocating a resource to a logical channel, a terminal device and a network device. The method includes: receiving a first signaling sent by network device; determining a target PBR according to the first signaling; and determining a solution for allocating a granted resource to the logical channel according to the target PBR. According to the method for allocating the resource to the logical channel, the terminal device, and the network device in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device determines the target PBR of the logical channel according to the signaling sent by the network device, so that the terminal device may allocate the granted resource to the logical channel according to the target PBR.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for a user equipment (UE) to set uplink power control for a long uplink burst and a short uplink burst. The UE receives uplink power control information including a first set of power control parameters for a long uplink burst and a second set of power control parameters for a short uplink burst with the sets of power control parameters being different from each other. The UE configures uplink power control for the long uplink burst based at least on the first set of power control parameters and the short uplink burst based at least on the second set of power control parameters. The UE sends at least one of a long uplink burst and a short uplink burst based on the corresponding uplink power control and sends at least one uplink power-headroom report for the long uplink burst and short uplink burst.

Abstract: An imaging device includes: a modulator configured to modulate the intensity of light, based on a grating pattern; an image sensor configured to convert light passing through the modulator to electrical signals to generate a sensor image; a complex sensor image processing unit configured to generate, from the sensor image, a complex sensor image comprising a complex number; and a data transmission unit configured to transmit the complex sensor image.

Abstract: A video device is described that includes: a host processor comprising at least one input video port configured to receive a plurality of video data signals that comprise video data and embedded data from a plurality of virtual channels in a received frame; and a memory operably coupled to the host processor and configured to receive and store video data. The host processor is configured to segregate the video data from the embedded data in the received frame and process the embedded data individually.

Abstract: Method for digital video transmission in real time to multi-homed devices over heterogeneous networks by adopting a packaging forwarding strategy with path and content monitoring to the MPEG media transport protocol (MMT), method for reception and communication system, wherein a sender side has four modules: video parser, feedback packet receiving module, scheduler module and packet transmitter, and a receiver side has six modules: packet receiver, statistics calculator, feedback packet sender, reassembler, video decoder and video renderer.

Abstract: An audio-visual quality estimation device includes: an audio quality estimator to estimate audio quality for each unit time starting from a playback start time of an audio-visual content, based on a parameter affecting audio quality among parameters related to the content; a video quality estimator to estimate video quality for each unit time, based on a parameter affecting video quality among the parameters related to the content; a unit time quality estimator to unify the audio quality and video quality for each unit time, to estimate audio-visual quality for each unit time; an encoding quality estimator to unify the audio-visual quality for the unit times into one value, to estimate audio-visual encoding quality with respect to encoding degradation, considering temporal quality fluctuation; and an audio-visual quality estimator to estimate the audio-visual quality perceived by a viewer after an end of the content, based on the audio-visual encoding quality.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are described for providing improved video or image encoding, including adaptive prediction structures for encoding video frames. In some examples, systems, methods, and computer-readable media can include obtaining a sequence of frames; determining, based on frame statistics associated with a first frame in the sequence of frames, a prediction structure for encoding the sequence of frames, the prediction structure defining an order in which frames in the sequence of frames are encoded and a prediction distance representing a maximum distance permitted between referencing frames and reference frames in the sequence of frames, and the frame statistics indicating an amount of motion in the first frame. The systems, methods, and computer-readable media can also include encoding one or more of the sequence of frames based on the prediction structure.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for a user equipment (UE) to set uplink power control for a long uplink burst and a short uplink burst. The UE receives uplink power control information including a first set of power control parameters for a long uplink burst and a second set of power control parameters for a short uplink burst with the sets of power control parameters being different from each other. The UE configures uplink power control for the long uplink burst based at least on the first set of power control parameters and the short uplink burst based at least on the second set of power control parameters. The UE sends at least one of a long uplink burst and a short uplink burst based on the corresponding uplink power control and sends at least one uplink power-headroom report for the long uplink burst and short uplink burst.

Abstract: Conduit leakage detection system and method are provided. The system includes a first detection unit, a processor, and a memory. The first detection unit includes a first transceiver and a second transceiver communicates with the first transceiver to detect a conduit. The first transceiver sends a first probe signal toward a first direction, and the second transceiver is configured to receive the first probe signal. The memory stores a first preset channel state information (CSI), and the first preset CSI including a first CSI and a first normal CSI. The processor obtains a first current CSI from the first probe signal by performing a time-reversal process, and compares the first current CSI to the first preset CSI. When the first CSI is matched to the first current CSI, a first conduit leakage event associated with the conduit is determined to be occurred.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for utilizing remote spectrum analysis of transmit bands in communication systems. A transmit band spectrum corresponding to a transmit band used in transmitting signals may be captured. The captured transmit band spectrum may be processed, and based on such processing presence of noise, distortion, interference, etc. in the transmit band spectrum may be detected, wherein the noise, distortion, interference, etc. may be introduced by one or more other systems sharing a medium used in the transmitting of the signals. One or more characteristic associated with each instance of detected noise, distortion, interference, etc. may be determined. Reporting information, related to the detection of noise, distortion, interference, etc. and/or to the determined one or more characteristics associated with each instance of detected noise, distortion, interference, etc., may be determined, and the reported information may be sent to at least one remote system.

Abstract: A video data stream is rendered reducible in a manner so that the reduction leads to a restriction of pictures of the reduced video data stream to merely a predetermined subarea of the pictures of the original video data stream and in a manner so that transcoding, such as re-quantization, may be avoided and a conformance of the reduced video data stream relative to the codec underlying the original video data stream be maintained. This is achieved by providing the video data stream with information including an indication of the predetermined subarea and replacement indices for redirecting the indices included by the payload portion so as to refer to, and/or replacement parameters for adjusting the first set of coding parameter settings so as to result in, a second set of coding parameter settings.

Abstract: A self-calibrating RF network and system and method for use of the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, the self-calibrating RF network includes multiple hospitality properties, wherein RF network includes a property server located in communication with a terminal device providing data services through distribution elements to end point devices, such as set-top boxes. Each of the property servers collects RF performance data relative to the terminal device, the distribution elements, and the end point devices. The RF performance data is analyzed by a remote central server that provides RF adjustment data, which is indicative of power and equalization adjustments to the terminal device, power and equalization adjustments to the plurality of distribution elements, and power and ranging adjustments to the plurality of end point devices.

Abstract: Video data processing method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: encoding, by an encoder side, obtained original video data according to a hierarchical P-frame prediction HPP structure to obtain an HPP bitstream; redundancy-coding the HPP bitstream according to a forward error correction FEC code, redundancy packet quantities in frames in the HPP bitstream progressively decreasing from lower to higher temporal layers to which the frames belong in the HPP structure; and sorting the frames in the redundancy-coded HPP bitstream and sequentially sending the frames in the redundancy-coded HPP bitstream to a decoder side.

Abstract: A method implemented by a cable modem of a cable network includes sending an upstream test signal during at least one frequency division duplex minislot assigned to the cable modem, receiving other upstream test signals from other cable modems, measuring interference in each received test signal from the other cable modems, and reporting the interference measurement for each received test signal to a cable modem termination system.

Abstract: A system for testing multiple wireless devices independently and simultaneously using different types of device probes is disclosed. The system includes real-time, bi-directional/asynchronous communication and interaction between system components.