Abstract: A three-mirror anastigmatic with at least one non-rotationally symmetric mirror is disclosed. The at least one non-rotationally symmetric mirror may be an electroformed mirror shell having a non-rotationally symmetric reflective surface formed by a correspondingly shaped mandrel.

Abstract: The invention provides a flash light device, which includes a light source, a light diffuser and a light diffuser's driving unit. The light diffuser's driving unit provides the light diffuser with a required driving voltage according to a voltage information, in which the voltage information is determined according to an original image without light-complementing of the light source and a pre-flash image with light-complementing of the light source.

Abstract: A portable digital television (DTV) comprises a processor, a channel and volume changing button arrangement, and a navigational button arrangement. Either or both button arrangements can be used in at least a bi-modal operation. In a first mode of operation, the button arrangements provide their normal functions, and in the second mode of operation, the button arrangements provide an interactive application interface to the user. Preferably, one of the two button arrangements is selected for the bi-modal operation. The selected button arrangement is associated with at least an optical element for lighting the button arrangement. The controller operates the optical element such that the selected button arrangement has one color in one mode of operation and has a different color in the other mode of operation.

Abstract: The invention provides an imaging apparatus and an imaging system, each one comprising an optical system having characteristics matching with image restoration processing, thereby achieving effective image restoration processing. To this end, the imaging apparatus or system comprises an imaging device 12, an optical system 11 for forming a subject image on the imaging device 12, and an image processing means 14 for implementing image processing for an image being viewed, the image produced out of the image device 12. The imaging apparatus or system is characterized in that the optical system 11 has a substantially constant MTF at a position where the imaging device 12 is located and in the predetermined distances before and after that position.

Abstract: A solid-state image pickup device capable of taking more light into light receiving regions is provided.

Abstract: An imaging device includes: an optical system, for focusing light from subjects; color imaging element including a plurality of types of light receiving sections that detect light of different wavelength bands, for imaging focused images of the subjects; and an image processing section, for performing filtering processes to remove blur caused by the optical system from data output by the imaging element. The pitch among specified light receiving sections that contribute most to brightness signals is set smaller than that among other light receiving sections. The point spread diameter of the optical system on the specified light receiving sections is set to be greater than the pitch among the specified light receiving sections for wavelengths detected thereby, and less than the pitches among the other light receiving sections for wavelengths detected thereby. The image processing section performs the filtering process only on data output by the specified light receiving sections.

Abstract: A lens optical system includes a first optical system and a second optical system. The lens optical system includes at least one reflection member to selectively redirect optical paths of light representing objects from first and second directions toward a photographing device. The first optical system includes, in order from an object to the photographing device along the optical axis, a first lens group including a first reflection member, a second lens group having a negative refractive power, a third lens group having a positive refractive power, and a fourth lens group having a positive refractive power. The second optical system shares at least one optical element with the first optical system.

Abstract: The solid state image sensor of this invention includes multiple units, each of which includes first and second photosensitive cells 2a, 2b and a dispersive element 1a facing the first cell 2a. The element 1a passes a part of incoming light with a first color component to the second cell 2b. The first cell 2a receives a smaller quantity of light with the first color component than that of the light with the first color component incident on the dispersive element. The second cell 2b receives a greater quantity of light with the first color component than that of the light with the first color component incident on the dispersive element.

Abstract: An image with a bright image plane can be photographed without deteriorating the yield. An object is photographed by a CCD (18) through each of plural filters (141-14N) that have optical films vacuum deposited thereon so that spectral transmission characteristics vary between the filters periodically. Image data obtained by photographing is converted into image data which corresponds to a band by using a plurality of coefficients for converting the spectral transmission characteristics of the filter into spectral transmission characteristics of the target band.

Abstract: An image display apparatus which is capable of optimizing the image quality of a plurality of display devices having different optical characteristics when carrying out processing of an image signal supplied to the display devices, without providing a dedicated display driving circuit for each display device. The image display apparatus comprises a plurality of liquid crystal display panels (10, 11) having different optical characteristics. A liquid crystal driving circuit (2) processes an image signal outputted to the liquid crystal display panels (10, 11). Operative states of the liquid crystal display panels (10, 11) are detected. At least one processing characteristic of the liquid crystal driving circuit (2) is changed according to the detected operative states.

Abstract: A color display device comprises a plurality of picture elements (14), at least two light sources, having different radiance spectra and being activated alternately, and color selection means for generating, together with said light sources, primary colors in a color image (P1, P2). Each of a number of image information sets, each set being related to a color image (P1, P2) to be displayed, are divided into a first subframe (A1, A2), being picture element settings to be maintained during the operation of a first light source, and a second subframe (B1, B2), being picture element settings to be maintained during the operation of a second light source. The polarity of the picture elements (14) is, in an alternating manner, shifted between a first polarity (+) and a second polarity (?).

Abstract: A method for adjusting an image on the basis of characteristics of a display system is provided. The image includes M horizontal lines. Each of the M horizontal lines respectively includes N pixels. Each pixel has an original gray level. A look-up table previously stores a plurality of conversion coefficients related to the characteristics of the display system. The method first calculates an ith loading according to the N original gray levels of the N pixels in the ith horizontal line. Based on the ith loading, an ith conversion coefficient corresponding to the ith loading is selected from the plurality of conversion coefficients in the look-up table. The method respectively multiplies the N original gray levels of the N pixels in the ith horizontal line by the ith conversion coefficient to generate N new gray levels for the N pixels in the ith horizontal line, whereby the image is adjusted.

Abstract: Imaging devices, such as digital cameras, scanners, displays and projectors, and related processing methods that implement calibration and post-capture image processing that quickly and accurately corrects image quality resulting from lens and CCD imperfections using a minimum amount of computation and memory storage space.

Abstract: Data is encoded in a solid state image sensor that includes a sensor pixel array by varying the color processing applied to at least some of the border pixels of the sensor pixel array. Data may be encoded in the color processing by varying the pattern of a color filter mosaic and by varying a pattern of a microlens array in accordance with a predetermined scheme. This scheme includes omission of color filter material and omission of the microlens array from selected pixels. The data, typically encoded in a binary format, is read by illuminating the sensor pixel array and by processing the output signals from the border pixels. The encoded data may include color process codes, mask revision codes and product codes.

Abstract: In the information recording an reproducing method and apparatus according to the present invention, a piece of picture image information is recorded as an analog quantity or a digital quantity an information carrying medium in a planar manner at a high density, charge potential is read for outputting electric signals to correspond to the recorded picture image information and then the outputted signals are printed out by means of various display unit or output device, with high quality and high resolution as well as ease processing of the information. The information carrying medium provides a long period of storage of information and enables stored picture image information to be repeatedly reproduced with a picture quality according to need.

Abstract: A display unit includes a light-emitting element array having a plurality of linearly arranged light-emitting elements drivable by a time sequential image information signal to emit beams of light in accordance with pieces of information allotted to the corresponding picture elements, a deflector such as a polygon mirror for deflecting the light beams simultaneously in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the light-emitting element array, and a light-to-light conversion element including a photoconductive layer and a photo-modulation layer, the light beams being imaged on the photoconductive layer.

Abstract: In a video signal camera having a signal processor for generating a luminance signal Y and a chrominance signal components R-Y and B-Y, an electronic view finder having a color vector display for displaying a vector corresponding to white balance on a monochromatic electronic view finder includes an amplifier for amplifying the peak values R-Y.sub.pp and B-Y.sub.