Abstract: A method of performing motion vector correction in a sequence of video frames includes receiving, at a processor, a frame of video frames at a received rate lower than an original frame rate, identifying motion vector candidates for a frame in the sequence of video frames, detecting a cadence of the sequence of video frames using the motion vector candidates, scaling the motion vector candidates according to the cadence to produce scaled motion vector candidates, calculating motion vectors for a frame in the sequence of video frames using the scaled motion vector candidates, and interpolating at least one new frame of video data using the motion vectors.

Abstract: Apparatuses are provided for adjusting the write timing. For instance, the apparatus can include an address/control bus, a write clock data recovery (WCDR) signal bus, and a timing adjustment module. The address/control bus can be configured to concurrently enable a WCDR mode of operation and an active mode of operation. The WCDR signal bus can be configured to transmit WCDR data to a memory device during the WCDR mode of operation. And the timing adjustment module can be configured to adjust a timing based on a phase shift in the WCDR data.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for detecting sharpness among video fields. In certain implementations of the systems and methods, a plurality of video fields is received and a sharpness metric for each of the plurality of video fields is determined. The sharpness metric of a first video field is compared to the sharpness metric of a second video field among the plurality of video fields and a video field source of the first video field and the second video field is determined based on the comparison.

Abstract: A deinterlacing apparatus includes a buffer to receive a plurality of consecutive fields of an interlaced video and a field combination module coupled to the buffer to deinterlace the interlaced video in accordance with cadence of the interlaced video. The deinterlacing apparatus also includes a cadence detection module to detect the cadence by (1) causing each of the fields to be combined with its preceding field into a frame and with its subsequent field into another frame to obtain a plurality of combined frames, (2) determining a comb factor of each of the combined frames to obtain a sequence of comb factors of the combined frames, and (3) determining if the sequence of comb factors of the combined frames follows a pre-determined repeating pattern. A cadence detection method is also described.

Abstract: Spatial or temporal interpolation may be performed upon source video content to create interpolated video content. A video signal including the interpolated video content and non-interpolated video content (e.g. the source video content) may be generated. At least one indicator for distinguishing the non-interpolated video content from the interpolated video content may also be generated. The video signal and indicator(s) may be passed from a video source device to a video sink device. The received indicator(s) may be used to distinguish the non-interpolated video content from the interpolated video content in the received video signal. The non-interpolated video content may be used to “redo” the interpolation or may be recorded to a storage medium.

Abstract: A method for de-interlacing interlaced video includes receiving a first video field and a second video field of an interlaced video frame, generating a first video frame from the first video field and a first synthesized video field, where video data of the first synthesized video field is based exclusively on video data of the first and second video fields, generating a second video frame from the second video field and a second synthesized video field, where video data of the second synthesized video field is based exclusively on the video data of the first and second video fields, and outputting two de-interlaced video frames for every received interlaced video frame. The first (second) synthesized video field is generated by combining image data from the second (first) video field with image data from corresponding lines of an up-scaled first (second) field generated by a scaler.

Abstract: A method for identifying state of macro block of de-interlacing computing and an image processing apparatus are provided, the method is as follows. A video frame is divided into a plurality of regions, where each of the regions includes a plurality of macro blocks. Then, a basic threshold corresponding to each of the regions is provided according to a position of each of the regions in the video frame, and a first macro block is identified to be a first type macro block or a second type macro block according to the basic threshold corresponding to one of the regions where the first macro block of the macro blocks locates. Then, a corresponding de-interlacing computing step is performed on the first macro block according to an result that the first macro block is identified as the first type macro block or the second type macro block.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, and method are provided for a video detector that computes a measure of how much a given video content resembles one of a de-interlaced video content or a progressive video content. More particularly, the present invention determines the position of original and interpolated lines and the scaling factor of an input content whenever that content was scaled after de-interlacing.

Abstract: A method for de-interlacing interlaced video includes receiving a first video field and a second video field, generating a first video frame by inserting the first video field in the first video frame on every second line of the first video frame, and by inserting a first synthesized video field on the lines of the first video frame not populated by the first video field. The video data of the first synthesized video field is based on video data of the first and second video fields. A second video frame is generated by inserting the second video field in the first video frame on every second line of the second video frame and by inserting a second synthesized video field on the lines of the second video frame not populated by the second video field. Two de-interlaced video frames are output for every received interlaced video frame.

Abstract: A video processing apparatus determines whether a video signal of a predetermined resolution is a pseudo-resolution video signal generated from a video signal of resolution lower than the predetermined resolution. The video processing apparatus generates a first frequency histogram relating to a video signal of a first resolution among a plurality of video signals which are identical in contents and different from one another in resolution and a second frequency histogram relating to a video signal of a second resolution which is lower than the first resolution, compares the first frequency histogram with the second frequency histogram, compares a similarity between the first frequency histogram and the second frequency histogram with a predetermined threshold value, and determines, if the similarity is equal to or less than the predetermined threshold value, that the video signal of the first resolution is a pseudo-resolution video signal.

Abstract: Described is a hierarchical filtered motion field technology such as for use in recognizing actions in videos with crowded backgrounds. Interest points are detected, e.g., as 2D Harris corners with recent motion, e.g. locations with high intensities in a motion history image (MHI). A global spatial motion smoothing filter is applied to the gradients of MHI to eliminate low intensity corners that are likely isolated, unreliable or noisy motions. At each remaining interest point, a local motion field filter is applied to the smoothed gradients by computing a structure proximity between sets of pixels in the local region and the interest point. The motion at a pixel/pixel set is enhanced or weakened based on its structure proximity with the interest point (nearer pixels are enhanced).

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for interpolation of images, and in a particular example to de-interlacing of video signals using spatial interpolation. The present invention discloses a method for measuring the slope of a picture portion in which picture gradients are calculated from said selected pixel values and the slope measurement being derived from said gradient values. The invention also discloses a method of spatial interpolation of an array of pixel values, in which interpolated values are dependent upon the measurement of the slope associated with said array. Non-integer slopes can easily be accommodated with the method of the invention.

Abstract: A text protection device for de-interlacing operation includes a pixel value difference calculation unit, a text detection unit and a vertical interpolation unit. The pixel value difference calculation unit is utilized for calculating pixel value differences of a plurality of pixels of a field according to a position of a target pixel being inserted into the field. The plurality of pixels forms a detection area corresponding to the target pixel. The text detection unit is utilized for determining whether the detection area includes a text stroke and determining whether the target pixel is located within a range of the text stroke to generate a text detection signal. The vertical interpolation unit performs a vertical interpolation operation to generate a pixel value of the target pixel according to the text detection signal.

Abstract: A method for cadence detection in a sequence of video fields is based on at least a search for cadence patterns in a sequence of bits representative of the motion in at least a part of the field from one field to another in the field sequence. The signaling of field skip and/or field repeat commands as applied to the fields in the field sequence is considered during the cadence detection operation so as to field skips and repeats.

Abstract: In a high-precision signal detection apparatus and method for a high-speed receiver, signal detection occurs asynchronously of the incoming data. A comparison clock is generated by an oscillator whose effective capacitance is varied by a second, lower speed oscillator connected to the capacitance. This prevents the asynchronous sampling that occurs in a zero-crossing position in the incoming data from remaining in that position in subsequent sampling cycles, so that a valid signal is not missed by the detector.

Abstract: Field-based detection of 3:2 pulldown in a sequence of digital video fields using a programmable graphics processor is described. The detection is performed using a threshold value to determine equivalence between a pair of fields of digital video data. Furthermore, additional threshold values may be used to control switching into a mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed and out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed. Look ahead can be used to detect when to switch into or out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed, reducing the occurrence of visual artifacts.

Abstract: A system for integrating de-interlace and overdrive operations includes a de-interlace device, a first frame scaling controller, a second frame scaling controller and an overdrive device. The de-interlace device performs a de-interlace operation on plural fields to thereby obtain plural frames. The first frame scaling controller receives a first frame among the plural frames and performs a vertical and horizontal scaling operation on the first frame to thereby produce a first display frame. The second frame scaling controller receives a second frame among the plural frames and performs a vertical and horizontal scaling operation on the second frame to thereby produce a second display frame. The overdrive device produces a driving voltage based on a difference between a pixel of the second display frame and a pixel of the first display frame corresponding to the pixel of the second display frame.

Abstract: Field-based detection of 3:2 pulldown in a sequence of digital video fields using a programmable graphics processor is described. The detection is performed using a threshold value to determine equivalence between a pair of fields of digital video data. Furthermore, additional threshold values may be used to control switching into a mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed and out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed. Look ahead can be used to detect when to switch into or out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed, reducing the occurrence of visual artifacts.

Abstract: A video image deinterlacing apparatus includes intrafield and interfield processors therein. The intrafield processor is responsive to field data (e.g., sequence of video image fields) depicting a time-varying video image. The intrafield processor is configured to determine edge and edge steepness characteristics for a plurality of omitted pixels within fields of the time-varying video image. The interfield processor, which is also responsive to the field data, is configured to identify pixels possessing time-invariant properties.

Abstract: Field-based detection of 3:2 pulldown in a sequence of digital video fields using a programmable graphics processor is described. The detection is performed using a threshold value to determine equivalence between a pair of fields of digital video data. Furthermore, additional threshold values may be used to control switching into a mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed and out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed. Look ahead can be used to detect when to switch into or out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed, reducing the occurrence of visual artifacts.

Abstract: Field-based detection of 3:2 pulldown in a sequence of digital video fields using a programmable graphics processor is described. The detection is performed using a threshold value to determine equivalence between a pair of fields of digital video data. Furthermore, additional threshold values may be used to control switching into a mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed and out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed. Look ahead can be used to detect when to switch into or out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed, reducing the occurrence of visual artifacts.

Abstract: Field-based detection of 3:2 pulldown in a sequence of digital video fields using a programmable graphics processor is described. The detection is performed using a threshold value to determine equivalence between a pair of fields of digital video data. Furthermore, additional threshold values may be used to control switching into a mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed and out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed. Look ahead can be used to detect when to switch into or out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed, reducing the occurrence of visual artifacts.

Abstract: A display controller capable of detecting data line similarity is provided. The display controller includes a buffer for temporarily storing a plurality of data lines of a target field, a data line similarity detector, coupled to the buffer, for detecting a similarity of each data line of the target field, a data line state recorder for recording the similarity of each data line of the target field, a de-interlacer coupled to the buffer, and a scaler coupled to the de-interlacer, wherein the de-interlacer selectively de-interlaces the target field according to the content stored in the data line state recorder in order to generate a de-interlaced output, and the scaler generates a scaling output according to the de-interlaced output.

Abstract: In a high-precision signal detection apparatus and method for a high-speed receiver, signal detection occurs asynchronously of the incoming data. A comparison clock is generated by an oscillator whose effective capacitance is varied by a second, lower speed oscillator connected to the capacitance. This prevents the asynchronous sampling that occurs in a zero-crossing position in the incoming data from remaining in that position in subsequent sampling cycles, so that a valid signal is not missed by the detector.

Abstract: A method for processing video information may include calculating a polarity change count (PCC) for a plurality of pixel pairs selected from a plurality of pixels from different fields utilizing a plurality of difference polarity values associated with the plurality of pixel pairs. At least a portion of the plurality of pixels from different fields may be deinterlaced based on at least the calculated PCC. The plurality of difference polarity values may be calculated for the plurality of pixel pairs selected from the plurality of pixels from different fields. At least one difference in amplitude of at least one of the selected pixel pairs may be calculated for the calculating the plurality of difference polarity values. The plurality of pixels from different fields may comprise a plurality of adjacent pixels from a plurality of woven fields.

Abstract: Field-based detection of 3:2 pulldown in a sequence of digital video fields using a programmable graphics processor is described. The detection is performed using a threshold value to determine equivalence between a pair of fields of digital video data. Furthermore, additional threshold values may be used to control switching into a mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed and out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed. Look ahead can be used to detect when to switch into or out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed, reducing the occurrence of visual artifacts.

Abstract: A video sequence may include a modality corresponding with an embedded pattern. At least one state machine detects the modality in accordance with difference signals. A signal generator generates the difference signals responsive to decision windows that define regions of interest in the video sequence. The modality may correspond with an embedded film source or other pattern types in the video sequence. Where the state machine detects more than one pattern, a single pattern is selected according to a predetermined priority. The video sequence may contain both static patterns and embedded film source patterns. The state machine discerns the presence of the embedded film source patterns notwithstanding the presence of the static patterns.

Abstract: Techniques for distinguishing a pulldown field sequence from a normal field sequence are disclosed. According to one aspect of the techniques, the method for detecting pulldown field sequence comprises receiving a field sequence, combining two adjacent fields into one frame, detecting whether the combined frame has a combing phenomenon, if there is such a combing phenomenon, and determining a number of how many times the combing phenomenon occurs continuously in the combined frame. Based on the number, it can be determined whether the field sequence is a normal field sequence or a pulldown field sequence.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for converting an interlaced image into a progressive image, the apparatus includes a motion detector which detects motion at an object pixel of the interlaced field image, using proceeding and following field images; an interpolation direction determination unit which determines a direction in which the object pixel is to be interpolated, using values of pixels along scan lines where the object pixel is not located when motion at the object pixel is detected; a first interpolator which spatially interpolates the object pixel according to the determined direction; and a second interpolator which resets a value of the object pixel using corresponding values of pixels of the preceding and following field images and a value obtained by spatially interpolating the object pixel when the object pixel contains high-frequency components in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A video sequence may include a modality corresponding with an embedded pattern. At least one state machine detects the modality in accordance with difference signals. A signal generator generates the difference signals responsive to decision windows that define regions of interest in the video sequence. The modality may correspond with an embedded film source or other pattern types in the video sequence. Where the state machine detects more than one pattern, a single pattern is selected according to a predetermined priority. The video sequence may contain both static patterns and embedded film source patterns. The state machine discerns the presence of the embedded film source patterns notwithstanding the presence of the static patterns.

Abstract: Field-based detection of 3:2 pulldown in a sequence of digital video fields using a programmable graphics processor is described. The detection is performed using a threshold value to determine equivalence between a pair of fields of digital video data. Furthermore, additional threshold values may be used to control switching into a mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed and out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed. Look ahead can be used to detect when to switch into or out of the mode where duplicated fields of digital video data are identified and not displayed, reducing the occurrence of visual artifacts.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a video signal processor has a moving block determining module, a vertical edge detector, a moving block number counter, a moving field determining module, a pulldown pattern detector, and a pulldown signal determining module. The moving block determining module divides each field configuring an input video signal into a plurality of blocks, and determines a motion of a block within the plurality of blocks, the block of which the motion is determined having a same spatial position within two fields adjacent to each other. The vertical edge detector detects a vertical edge within each of the plurality of blocks in the each field. The moving block number counter counts a number of moving blocks excluding a block having the vertical edge within a screen based on the detection result of the vertical edge detector and the determination result of the moving block determining module.

Abstract: A judder detection apparatus, a de-interlacing apparatus using the judder detection apparatus, and a de-interlacing method. The judder detection apparatus includes a judder detector to detect whether a detected pattern that is similar to a judder pattern occurs using predetermined pixel values of even and odd fields sequentially input, a pattern detector to detect whether an input image has a uniform pixel value in every other line of the even and odd fields and whether consecutive lines of the even and odd fields have a blind pattern having a difference from the uniform pixel that is greater than or equal to a threshold value, and a determiner to determine whether the detected pattern that is similar to the judder pattern is a judder based on whether the blind pattern is detected.

Abstract: A device for detecting a display mode of a video signal having first pixels corresponding to a first field, second pixels corresponding to a second field, and third pixels corresponding to a third field, includes a pixel converter, a measurement circuit, and a decision circuit. The pixel converter converts the second pixels to generate converted pixels. The measurement circuit generates measurement values related to differences between a converted pixel, a first pixel, and a third pixel. The decision circuit determines the display mode of the video signal according to the first, second, and third measurement values.

Abstract: In a high-precision signal detection apparatus and method for a high-speed receiver, signal detection occurs asynchronously of the incoming data. A comparison clock is generated by an oscillator whose effective capacitance is varied by a second, lower speed oscillator connected to the capacitance. This prevents the asynchronous sampling that occurs in a zero-crossing position in the incoming data from remaining in that position in subsequent sampling cycles, so that a valid signal is not missed by the detector.

Abstract: Improved 2:2 and 3:2 pull-down detection techniques are presented. These techniques can, for example, be used when converting an interlaced video signal into a progressive video signal. The improved techniques are less susceptible to bad edits. In one embodiment, comparison values are generated using consecutive fields of the interlaced video signal having the same parity, with a sequence of one small comparison value followed four large comparison values, where the four large comparison values include two pairs of similar large comparison values, is used to indicate a 3:2 pull-down.

Abstract: A method for detecting progressive material in a video sequence is disclosed. The method generally includes the steps of (A) calculating a plurality of block statistics for each of a plurality of blocks in a current field of the video sequence, (B) calculating a plurality of field statistics by summing the block statistics over all of the blocks in the current field, (C) calculating a noise level for the current field based on a subset of the block statistics from each of the blocks and (D) generating a mode flag for the current field based on both (i) the field statistics and (ii) the noise level, wherein the mode flag identifies if the current field is part of a 2:2 pull-down pattern.

Abstract: Fuzzy logic based system and method for 3:2 pull-down film mode detection that detects whether a stream of NTSC video fields originate from film source via 3:2 pull-down technique. Fuzzy logic is used to generate a reference sequence of symbols from the stream of NTSC video fields. This reference sequence is adapted for indicating whether or not the video fields originate from film source.

Abstract: We describe and claim a film mode judder elimination circuit and method. A film mode detector detects a film mode in a video signal. A judder eliminator eliminates judder by dynamically transitioning from one field rate, e.g., 60 Hz, to another field rate, e.g., 48 Hz or 72 Hz, responsive to the detection. The transition between the one and another field rate may occur during the vertical blanking period to avoid flicker.

Abstract: An apparatus and related method for detecting film mode using motion estimation. In the method, a pixel region in each field is sequentially chosen as a target pixel region in a target field to be processed with a motion estimation operation.

Abstract: Mobile device (3) and method for receiving and processing program-accompanying digital data, which are transmitted by a radio transmitter (1), for example a DAB transmitter, and of which at least certain comprise location parameters. The mobile device (3) includes a radio receiver (38), which can receive radio programs with program-accompanying digital data, and a position locating module (39) for establishing the current position, for example a GPS receiver. The mobile device (3) further comprises a filter module (37), by means of which, on the basis of the current position, determined by the said position locating module (39), location-specific information can be filtered from the received program-accompanying data, which contain, for example, order numbers, URL addresses or executable program data files. The received program-accompanying data can be filtered moreover by the said filter module (37) on the basis of a user profile (35) stored in the mobile device (3).

Abstract: A method for de-interlacing an interlaced video signal includes generating a per-field motion pattern set for a subject video field, where the motion pattern set comprises a same-parity motion pattern and an opposite-parity motion pattern pair, providing a plurality of progressive mode pattern pairs, where each progressive mode pattern pair is unique and characteristic of one of a plurality of progressive frame-to-interlaced field conversion techniques, and comparing the same-parity and opposite-parity motion pattern pair for the subject video field with each progressive mode pattern pair to determine whether the subject video field is derived from a progressive source and to identify the progressive frame-to-interlaced field conversion technique used. Based on the comparison, a field-merging de-interlacing technique or a per-pixel de-interlacing technique is utilized to de-interlace the subject field to produce a progressive video signal.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a pull-down signal detecting apparatus judges whether an input video signal is a pull-down signal or not based on a first unit moving area number obtained in a small area unit for a first high correlation field having a high inter-field correlation between a current field signal and a one-field delay signal, or a second unit moving area number obtained in a small area unit for a second high correlation field having a high inter-frame correlation between the current field signal and a two-field delay signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting video frame types with median filtering, which proceeds a denoising step after calculating the comb factor of each pixel, to avoid incorrect judgment of the frame type resulting from excessive field difference and improve detection accuracy.

Abstract: An image signal format detection apparatus and method. The image signal format detection apparatus includes a first summed absolute difference (SAD) value calculation unit for calculating, from a previous field, a current field, and a next field of a time-consecutive image signal, a first SAD value with reference to pixel values of the current field and the previous field. A second SAD value calculation unit calculates a second SAD value with reference to pixel values of the current field and the next field. A pattern generation unit generates a detection pattern based on a result of a comparison of the first and second SAD values,; and a pattern analysis unit stores the detection pattern by field, compares the stored detection pattern of a series of fields with a predetermined verification pattern, and determines whether the image signal is an image signal produced in 2:2 pull-down.

Abstract: A method and system for deinterlacing an interlaced video stream is presented. The method and system determines whether an interlaced video stream is a normal mode video stream or a special mode video stream. Special mode video streams, which interlaced video streams created from a progressive original video stream, are deinterlaced using special mode deinterlacing, which involves merging two fields to form a frame. Normal mode video streams are deinterlaced using normal mode deinterlacing, which involves converting a field into a frame using line repeating or some form of interpolation to generate the missing scan lines.

Abstract: A system detects a non-video source embedded in a video sequence and provides direction to a deinterlacing algorithm accordingly. The system comprises a signal generator for generating a plurality of signals. The signals are generated in accordance with pixels input from the video sequence. The system further comprises a plurality of pattern detection state machines, each for receiving the signals and for detecting a pattern in the video sequence. The pattern is detected in accordance with a preset threshold, wherein the pattern detection state machine varies the preset threshold in accordance with the received signals. The system further comprises an arbiter state machine coupled with the plurality of pattern detection state machines for governing the pattern detection state machines and for determining whether or not a non-video source is embedded in the video sequence.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide an edge adaptive spatial temporal deinterlacing filter that evaluates multiple edge angles and groups them into left-edge and right-edge groups for reconstructing desired pixel values. A leading edge is selected from each group, forming the final three edges (left, right and vertical) to be determined. Spatial temporal filtering is applied along the edge directions.

Abstract: A method of processing video data to detect field characteristics of the data, including processing pixel values of the data to obtain differences between the values of two successive fields of the data, processing the difference values to detect interlace patterns in the successive fields, determining if the successive fields belong to a progressive frame based on detection of the interlace patterns, and generating a progressive frame output indicating that a progressive frame has been detected. The pixel values of the first field of the successive fields and a subsequent field to the successive fields are processed to obtain further difference values to determine if the subsequent field is a redundant field, when the progressive frame output is generated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting video frame types with median filtering, which proceeds a denoising step after caculating the comb factor of each pixel, to avoid incorrect judgment of the frame type resulting from excessive field difference and improve detection accuracy.