Abstract: In a color video signal processing method, color difference component signals are converted into RGB component signals by a digital to digital conversion so as to reduce a size of a processing unit used for the conversion. An analog composite signal is converted into analog color difference component signals. The analog color difference component signals are then converted into digital color difference component signals. The digital color difference component signals are converted into digital RGB component signals by a digital to digital conversion based on an approximation method. Finally, the digital RGB component signals are converted into analog RGB component signals. The digital-to-digital conversion may be performed in accordance with equations in which each factor is a fractional number having a denominator of a power of 2.

Abstract: In a color signal processing circuit capable of processing a PAL/NTSC color television signal, in order to prevent an image deterioration caused by chromatization when a PAL signal is received in an NTSC signal receiving mode, there is provided a gate control signal generating circuit for alternately generating gate control signals "GA" and "GK", one for one horizontal period and the other for a next one horizontal period, in response to application of a phase inverting pulse "R" which inverts in polarity every one horizontal period.

Abstract: A video signal processing apparatus for separating a video input into a luminance signal and a chroma signal which are sent respectively for individualized special effect processing. Special effect signals are fed to a control unit. The levels of a luminance signal and a chroma signal having undergone the special effect processing are estimated by a program. Based on the result of the estimate, a limiter controls the gains of the chroma signal following the special effect processing. In this setup, the gains of the chroma signal are controlled so that the level of a composite video signal will fall within a predetermined range of levels in keeping with the contents of the special effect processing performed on the luminance signal and chroma signal.

Abstract: For an S-video signal, providing luminance and chrominance, luminance is amplified and adjusted over selected frequency ranges for shaping the S-video signal response for permitting the S-video signal to be transmitted over exceptionally long transmission lines while providing a quality picture. In separate channels, chrominance and luminance signals are amplified and impedance matched. A luminance band pass filter permits manual adjustments to a lower range of video signal frequencies and thus changes to white level picture information. A positive feedback network permits user adjustments in an upper video signal frequency range having picture super detail information for providing a picture of high resolution and thus pleasing to the user. A clear picture, brighter and sharper, rather than simply a brighter picture is available whether transmitted over a few or few hundred feet from a video source to the monitor.

Abstract: An amplifier circuit in a display device for a monitor unit in a computer system or the like, includes first active element whose control electrode is supplied with a signal from an input terminal; a second active element cascade-connected to the first active element; a third active element so connected to the second active element that a junction thereof is connected to an output terminal; an impedance element disposed between the input terminal and the third active element and capable of changing the impedance in accordance with the frequency of the input signal; a first resistance element connected between the junction of the second and third active elements and the control electrode of the first active element; and a second resistance element connected between the input terminal and the control electrode of the first active element and serving to determine the signal amplification factor in cooperation with the first resistance element.

Abstract: A method for detecting the characteristics of a display, comprises the steps of: creating a model of the display having multiple parameters relating the physical output of the display to an input signal creating the display; employing a model of the human visual system, generating a set of control signals for producing patterns in the display that enable an observer to employ visual selection criteria to identify specific patterns corresponding to specific values of the parameters; applying the set of control signals to the display to produce the patterns; selecting specific patterns from the display; determining the values of the parameters from the patterns selected; and determining the characteristics of the display by applying the values of the parameters to the model.

Abstract: A signal level adjusting circuit for performing adjustment of signal levels in which the levels of individual image signals are made uniform so as to provide greater use of a dynamic range on an image sensor without deterioration to resolution.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method and apparatus for upsampling subsampled chroma pixels of a picture. According to a preferred embodiment, there is provided a plurality of subsampled chroma pixels as well as a plurality of luma pixels. The subsampled chroma pixels are upsampled as a function of luma pixels of the plurality of luma pixels to provide at least one upsampled chroma pixel.

Abstract: A system for reproducing a luminance signal from a medium containing a previously recorded luminance signal with a high-frequency portion thereof compressed in dynamic range includes a circuit for recovering that luminance signal from the medium. Filtering is done to separate the low-frequency and compressed-in-dynamic-range high-frequency portions of the recovered luminance signal from each other. A corer responds to the separated compressed-in-dynamic-range high-frequency portion of the recovered luminance signal to provide a cored high-frequency portion with expanded dynamic range and reduced noise.

Abstract: A video signal processing apparatus for separating a video input into a luminance signal and a chroma signal which are sent respectively for individualized special effect processing. Special effect signals are fed to a control unit. The levels of a luminance signal and a chroma signal having undergone the special effect processing are estimated by a program. Based on the result of the estimate, a limiter controls the gains of the chroma signal following the special effect processing. In this setup, the gains of the chroma signal are controlled so that the level of a composite video signal will fall within a predetermined range of levels in keeping with the contents of the special effect processing performed on the luminance signal and chroma signal.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus utilizing a conventional standard signal processor which is economically produced to perform processing of signals from a high-definition electronic camera. The apparatus comprises a first memory for sequentially storing input image data along a scanning line in pixel units, a control unit for sequentially reading out the image data stored in the first memory in a scanning line direction by a plurality of pixels in a vertical direction in scanning line units, a converter for converting the image data sequentially read out of the first memory into parallel image data, and a standard signal processor for performing a predetermined signal processing based on the parallel image data outputted from the converter.

Abstract: A system for reproducing a luminance signal from a medium containing a previously recorded luminance signal with a high-frequency portion thereof compressed in dynamic range includes a circuit for recovering that luminance signal from the medium. Filtering is done to separate the low-frequency and compressed-in-dynamic-range high-frequency portions of the recovered luminance signal from each other. A corer responds to the separated compressed-in-dynamic-range high-frequency portion of the recovered luminance signal to provide a cored high-frequency portion with expanded dynamic range and reduced noise.

Abstract: An analog image signal is converted into a digital image signal which is in turn subjected to various types of processing procedures. The resulting digital image data is added to synchronizing data having the same range of data change as that of the image data to generate image data containing the synchronizing data. This image data is then converted into an analog image signal. An offset signal is applied to the analog image signal to adjust the voltage level of the synchronizing signal for obtaining an image signal containing a correct synchronizing signal.

Abstract: A video quality improvement method and apparatus for a television system recovers lost brightness information from the chrominance channels of an encoder due to processing errors, such as quantization roundoff errors, and adds it to the luminance input to the luminance channel of the encoder. Component signals from a video source are input to the encoder. The encoder provides an encoded video output signal as well as reconstructed component signals. From the encoder characteristics the processing errors for the chrominance channels are determined. The partial derivatives for each of the component signals are obtained, and the error in brightness is determined by summing the products of the errors and the corresponding chrominance partial derivatives. The luminance component signal is corrected by dividing the error in brightness by the luminance partial derivative and subtracting the result from the input luminance component signal. The corrected luminance component signal is processed by the encoder.

Abstract: A digital video switching apparatus is disclosed in which a 4:2:2 digital video signal and a 4:4:4 digital video signal supplied at input terminals are selected by switching by a matrix switcher unit in order to transmit the 4:2:2 digital video signal to a first signal processing unit and in order to transmit the 4:2:2 digital video signal to a second signal processing unit. The first signal processing unit converts the 4:4:4 digital video signal into the 4:2:2 digital video signal by signal processing, such as color correction. The second signal processing unit performs signal processing, such as mixing or wiping, on the 4:2:2 digital video signal and the 4:2:2 digital video signal directly supplied from the matrix switcher unit, in order to output the processed 4:2:2 digital video signal.

Abstract: In a component video signal to composite video signal encoding system (10), the component input signals are stored in a first in, first out (FIFO) memory. The FIFO memory is connected by 1 luminance and 2 chrominance outputs to a rate converter, which increases the digital sampling rate of the signals as received from the FIFO memory. The rate converter is in turn connected by 1 luminance and 2 chrominance outputs to luminance and chrominance processing circuits. The luminance and chrominance processing circuits produce the composite video signals, and are connected to a D2 standard driver circuit. The output of the D2 driver circuit is D2 standard digital component signals. The luminance and chrominance processing circuits are also connected to a digital to analog (D/A) converter. The output of the D/A converter is an analog PAL or NTSC component video signal.

Abstract: When an input component image signal is inputted in a signal processing step, a high-frequency signal emphasis processing like HPF is performed with respect to a luminance signal and a processing like LPF with replenishment of the low-midrange frequency signal is performed in an LPF step and a color signal step with respect to color difference signals. Then, the luminance signal and color difference signals are outputted by prescribed clock pulses. The clock pulse of the color difference signals may be set lower than the clock pulse of the luminance signal according to the condition of the image. Processed as above, a new component image signal (a luminance signal Y and any combination of color difference signals U and V, V and W, W and U) is generated from a conventional component image signal (Y and U, V, W) without loss in image information or image quality.

Abstract: An image signal processing apparatus is arranged to convert input analog color-difference signals into digital color-difference signals, form a digital chrominance signal by using the digital color-difference signals, multiplex the formed digital chrominance signal onto the digital color-difference signals, convert the formed digital signal into an analog signal, and separate the analog signal into color-difference signals and a chrominance signal. With this arrangement, it is possible to simplify the arrangement of the apparatus and reduce the size, weight and cost thereof.

Abstract: A circuit for recording and reproducing a TBC reference signal for use in video recording/reproducing systems includes a circuit for adding to a video signal to be recorded a TBC reference signal in which the TBC reference signal has a period adaptively varying corresponding to a synchronizing variation of the video signal; and a circuit for extracting and reproducing a TBC reference signal from a video signal read-out from the recording medium in order to correct time-base errors in the video signal. The circuit corrects time-base errors of the video signal according to a TBC reference signal reproduced along with the video signal from the recording medium during reproduction.

Abstract: A color converting apparatus is provided with a table memory for storing pieces of color converting data defined in an output color space at color converting addresses, and a signal receiving section for receiving three signals designating an input color in a lightness-color difference space. The color converting addresses are placed at lattice points of cubic blocks formed by partitioning the lightness-color difference space in a lightness direction and first and second color difference directions. Each of the cubic blocks has the lattice points Pa, Pb, Pc and Pd at its lower plane and the lattice points Pe, Pf, Pg and Ph at its upper plane. Each of the cubic blocks is partitioned into a first triangular prism having the lattice points Pa, Pb, Pc, Pe, Pf and Pg and a second triangular prism having the lattice points Pa, Pd, Pc, Pe, Ph and Pg.

Abstract: A frequency-multiplexed video signal is generated in which a color-under signal and a second under signal are linearly combined with at least partially overlapping frequency spectra to form a composite under signal for an FM luma signal. The frequency-multiplexed video signal is suited for recording on magnetic tape using helical scanning methods and for being played back from the magnetic tape using helical scanning methods. The second under signal is generated in such way that line-comb filtering can be used during playback to separate color-under signal and second under signal each from the composite signal despite their frequency spectra being at least partially overlapping in the composite signal.

Abstract: A bias source (R7,R8,C24) connected to a summing amplifier (Q1) produces a first DC bias at the amplifier input (emitter) and a second DC bias at the amplifier output (collector). A first circuit node (B) is AC coupled (22) to a luminance signal source (Y1, 18), DC coupled via a first resistor (R4) to the input of the summing amplifier and DC coupled via a first amplifier (28) to a luminance load (Y3,30). A second circuit node (A) is AC coupled (20) to a chrominance signal source (C1,18), DC coupled via a second resistor (R3) to the input (emitter, Q1) of the summing amplifier and DC coupled via a second amplifier (26) to a chrominance signal load (C3,30). A third amplifier (Q2) provides DC coupling of the output of the summing amplifier (Q1) to a composite video signal load (E,40).

Abstract: A negative film image conversion apparatus for a video camera which is capable of obtaining an image of the same color and luminance as those of a real image upon shooting of a negative film as well as a general object. The negative film image conversion apparatus comprises a signal processor for obtaining a luminance signal and a plurality of color difference signals from an image signal inputted therein, a subtracter for subtracting the luminance signal from the signal processor from a predetermined reference signal, inverters for inverting the plurality of color difference signals from the signal processor, individually, and an encoder for combining output signals from the subtracter and the inverters and outputting the combined signal as a composite video signal.

Abstract: A chrominance signal processing apparatus, where a chrominance subcarrier and a low-band converting chrominance subcarder are formed, uses a common oscillating signal to form the low-band converting chrominance subcarrier. The low-band converting chrominance signal processing apparatus includes an oscillator for producing an oscillating signal having a predetermined frequency, a chrominance subcarder generator receiving the oscillating signal to produce a chrominance subcarrier, a chrominance demodulator demodulating the chrominance signal incorporated in a composite video signal, a chrominance subcarrier generator receiving the oscillating signal to produce the low-band converting chrominance subcarrier, and a chrominance modulator receiving the chrominance signal demodulated in the chrominance demodulator and the low-band converting chrominance subcarrier to produce the low-band converting chrominance signal.

Abstract: A system converts PAL and NTSC pixel clock signals to signals (in a studio, digital or square pixel format) at a sub-carrier frequency individual to the PAL and NTSC formats. The system includes a first register for providing a particular increase in the register count upon each occurrence of a pixel clock signal. Any remainder in the first register upon the production of the output signal is introduced to the register upon the occurrence of the next pixel clock signal. The particular increase in the first register count is controlled by a value in a second register, this value being adjustable dependent upon the system format and mode. A sequence of registers may be substituted for the first register with each register receiving an output from the previous register in the sequence. The system also converts signals representing the primary colors to luminance and chrominance signals.

Abstract: A signal processing system for a video camera uses a single neural network to implement multiple nonlinear signal processing functions. In one example, the neural network implements gamma correction and contrast compression, in another example, color correction and aperture correction are added to the combined function emulated by the network. The network is trained using back propagation to emulate one function then a combination of two functions, then a combination of three functions, and so on. The programmed neural network replaces multiple pipelined signal processors in the video camera. The use of a single neural network in place of the multiple dedicated processing functions reduces engineering effort to develop the product and may reduce the cost of the total system.

Abstract: An intermediate gradation generator filters out a direct current component of a clock pulse and then superimposes the filtered clock pulse on average levels of a luminance signal.

Abstract: A color separator (12) for a digital television receiver (10). The incoming television signal is directed to two different paths in the color separator (12). Along a first path, the luminance component is separated by an analog Y separator (12a) and then sampled by an A/D converter (12b) at a rate that will provide a desired number of samples per display line. Along a second path, the composite signal is sampled by an A/D converter (12c) at a rate appropriate for digital color separation, and then the chrominance samples are separated using a digital C separator (12d). A scaling unit (12e) then scales the chrominance samples to provide a desired number of samples per line.

Abstract: An output from a solid state image sensing device spatially modulated by a color filter is A/D converted and stored in a field memory. Digital signals read from the field memory during electronic zooming are successively delayed by 1H period by means of first, second and third 1H delay elements connected in series. The output from the field memory and outputs from the first, second and third 1H delay elements are separated into luminance components and line sequential color components by first to fourth Y/C separating circuits, respectively. A first set of three primary color signals are calculated based on outputs from the first, second and third Y/C separating circuits, and a second set of three primary color signals are calculated based on outputs from the second, third and fourth Y/C separating circuits.

Abstract: A video signal processing circuit is incorporated in an IC for camcorder in which a camera signal outputted from a CCD image sensor is processed in a digital manner such that luminance and color signals can be outputted. In the IC, a vertical interpolation circuit produces two kinds of vertically interpolated data on the basis of a digital camera signal of one channel within an image area being set by an electronic zoom function. A YC separation circuit receives the two kinds of vertically interpolated data, and an output of the YC separation circuit is applied a horizontal interpolation circuit or an RGB composition circuit. If the YC separation output is applied to the horizontal interpolation circuit, the same outputs two kinds of horizontally interpolated data upon which three primary color signals are composed by the RGB composition circuit.

Abstract: A color television image display apparatus wherein an image quality control signal is generated with regard to every field of an input video signal in accordance with sampled data obtained therefrom and then is supplied to an image signal processor to execute automatic adjustment of the image quality is equipped with a delay circuit having a delay time substantially equal to the time required for generation of the image quality control signal, and the video signal is supplied via such delay circuit to the video signal processor so that both the image quality control signal and the video signal to be controlled by such image quality control signal are inputted to the video signal processor substantially without a timing difference therebetween.

Abstract: An automatic broadcasting system discriminating apparatus includes: a first status detecting circuit for discriminating the broadcasting system by utilizing color burst signals; a second status detecting circuit for discriminating the broadcasting system by utilizing synchronizing signals; and a third status detecting circuit for discriminating the broadcasting system in accordance with the outputs of the first and second status detecting circuit in order to discriminate automatically one of the NTSC system, PAL-M system and PAL-N systems from among the received broadcasting signals.

Abstract: A state memory circuit responsive to a selection signal indicative of either the first television system or the second television system selected according to an external setting operation and adapted to be set to a logical "1" or "0" state when the selection signal indicates that the first television system is selected, the state of the state memory circuit being alternated between "1" and "0" for every signal according to the burst flag pulse when the selection signal selects the second television system, and a timing circuit for outputting the state of the state memory circuit at a timing before a leading edge of the burst flag pulse or after a trailing edge of the burst flag pulse and responds to an even number of burst signals in one frame and generates a color video signal suitable to the first or the second television system according to the selection signal.

Abstract: A digital video signal processing apparatus for reducing the data rate of, and interpolating digital, video signals of a component format. The apparatus comprises a half-band high pass filter having a coefficient profile equivalent to that obtained by setting a center coefficient of an odd-order half-band low pass filter to zero, or a notch filter having a coefficient profile equivalent to that obtained by eliminating a center coefficient and even-numbered coefficients of such a low pass filter, and a delay line for giving a predetermined delay time to the signal supplied thereto, whereby the data rate of multiplexed or time-divided signals can be reduced, or the signals interpolated, in a relatively simple design employing a single digital filter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video memory in a digital image processing device, and more particularly to a data read device for a video memory capable of reading plural types of data recorded together in a predetermined ratio as recorded beforehand in an initial memory. In particular, luminance signal data and chrominance signal data are recorded intermingled with one another in a video memory in proportion to a ratio determined by the composite image signal. The circuitry of the present invention then separates the luminance signal data and the chrominance signal data, so that signal processing can be executed. As a result, since the data can be recorded in a mixed fashion and then separated, video memory space is used more efficiently.

Abstract: For the possibly simultaneous A/D conversion of two color difference signals of a first picture signal as well as a carrier-frequency chrominance signal of a second picture signal, a relevant circuit arrangement is provided with a multiplexer (3) by which a time-division multiplex signal is generated from the two color difference signals, in which time-division multiplex signal the two color difference signals alternate in time and which is added to the chrominance signal in an adder (5) to form a sum signal which is applied to an A/D converter (10) which is followed by a separating filter (11) for separating the digital time-division multiplex signal from the digital chrominance signal.

Abstract: A projection-type display apparatus having a lamp which emits a high intensity white light, two dichroic mirrors which filter out the three primary color beams from the white light and three liquid crystal panels which, respectively, modulate the color beams according to the three color image signals. Characteristics of the lamp and the dichroic mirrors are set so that the reproduction chromaticity range includes transmission chromaticity ranges of both the NTSC and HDTV systems. The image signals are supplied to two types of linear matrix circuit which are, respectively, suited for the NTSC and HDTV systems in order to correct color reproduction errors. The output of the linear matrix circuits are selected according to the system of the received television signal. In addition, a display white color temperature is set in the corrected image signals according to the system. Thus, the image signals are supplied to a display device such that the colors of the image can be accurately reproduced.

Abstract: A fixed filter determines a lower portion of the amplitude characteristic of a chrominance signal sideband correction filter. A variable filter determines the upper portion of the amplitude characteristic. A control signal tunes the variable filter for providing a symmetrical response for video signals having balanced color sidebands and tunes the variable filter for providing an asymmetrical response for video signals having unbalanced sidebands.

Abstract: Apparatus that is self-contained with video equipment, such as a video camera or video record/playback device, and which generates video signal adjustment data for use by video signal processing circuits that are included in such video equipment. An input video signal is coupled to luminance and/or chroma digital signal processing circuits which are supplied with luminance or chroma adjustment control data, respectively, for subjecting the input video signal to predetermined luminance or chroma adjustment operations, thereby producing adjusted digital luminance and chroma signals, respectively. At least one of the adjusted digital luminance and chroma signals is sampled at preselected times; and the sampled digital signals are used by an adjustment control data generator for generating the luminance and/or chroma adjustment control data that are supplied to the luminance and/or chroma digital signal processing circuits.