Abstract: An illumination unit and an image projection apparatus employing the same. The illumination unit includes: a first reflective surface reflecting light incident thereon; a light-emitting device generating and emitting illuminating light; and a second reflective surface reflecting light emitted from the light-emitting device to a light source surface that includes the light-emitting device.

Abstract: A projection apparatus includes a light source for emitting a light including at least two different wavelengths; a light source control circuit for controlling a light source to emit the light as pulse emissions with a pulse modulation control; at least two spatial light modulators each comprises plurality of pixel elements are arranged in an array; a spatial light modulator control circuit for selectively controlling a modulation state of the respective pixel elements in each of the spatial light modulators in accordance with image data corresponding to the respective pixel elements; and the light source control circuit controls the light source so that a starting time of a pulse emission period of the pulse emissions of at least one of the wavelengths emitted from the light source is different from a modulation control timing of the pixel element of the spatial light modulator.

Abstract: A projector capable of adjusting brightness and brightness uniformity includes a light module, a light pipe, a first lens module, a second lens module and an image module. The light module generates a light ray. The light pipe includes an entrance and an exit. The light ray is converged onto the entrance of the light pipe and outputted through the exit of the light pipe. The first lens module has a first focal surface, which overlaps the exit of the light pipe, and receives the light ray outputted through the exit of the light pipe. The second lens module has a second focal surface and receives the light ray outputted through the first lens module. The image module is disposed on the second focal surface of the second lens module and receives the light ray outputted through the second lens module.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a projection-type display apparatus, which can address or realize a reduction in weight and size, a reduction in power consumption, and a reduction in noise, and address or realize a reduction in price, and a control method for the projection-type display apparatus, as well as a control program for the projection-type display apparatus. The projection-type display apparatus includes a solid-state light source that emits light, a mirror device that controls an emitting direction of the incident light to thereby subject the incident light to temporal modulation, and a projecting device that projects the modulated light.

Abstract: An image display apparatus is provided with a slim design and improved illumination efficiency and which is able to suppress degradation of contrast thereby eliminating ghosts.

Abstract: A fixing mechanism includes a first fixing component, a second fixing component, a first elastic component, a second elastic component, and a third elastic structure. The first fixing component has a first end, and a second end where a first holding surface is disposed. The second fixing component has a first end fixed on the optical engine, and a second end where a second holding surface is disposed. The first elastic component has a first end connected to the first holding surface and a second end connected to an interface board. The second elastic component has a first end connected to the second holding surface and a second end connected to the interface board. The third elastic structure has a first side connected to the first holding surface and the second holding surface, and a second side located opposite to the first side and connected to the thermal module.

Abstract: An LED package having improved light efficiency, and an illumination system and a projection system employing the LED package. An LED package to provide light to a display panel having a plurality of rotatable micromirrors to form images, the LED package includes a substrate and a plurality of LED chips. The plurality of LED chips are slanted with respect to the substrate at a predetermined angle. The LED package improves the light efficiency by arranging the plurality of LED chips so as to correspond to a shape of effective light having an asymmetric distribution with respect to a stop of a projection lens unit.

Abstract: A display having a plurality of reflective display elements. In one embodiment, the display elements comprise at least one electrode having a plurality of active areas. In one embodiment, at least two of the sizes of the active areas are different with respect to each other, e.g., they are non-uniform in size. The interferometric modulators have a plurality of states, wherein selected ones of the interferometric modulators are configured to be actuated depending differing electrostatic forces in the interferometric modulators. The electrostatic forces in the interferometric modulators are different at least in part due to variations in the sizes of the active areas of the electrodes.

Abstract: Amber light LEDs have a higher luminance than red light LEDs. A vast majority of images displayed on television consists of colors that can be created using amber, green and blue components, with only a small percentage of red. In one embodiment of the present invention, the typically red primary light source in a projection display system is augmented with an amber light source. Green and blue primary light sources are also provided. All the light sources are high power LEDs. The particular mixture of the red and amber light is accomplished by varying the duty cycles of the red LEDs and the amber LEDs. If the RGB image to be displayed can be created using a higher percentage of amber light and a lower percentage of red light, the duty cycle of the amber LEDs is increased while the duty cycle of the red LEDs is decreased. Light/pixel modulators for creating the full color image from the three primary light sources are controlled to compensate for the variable amber/red mixture.

Abstract: A system for improving the resolution of a display device by using human visual characteristics wherein an image can be displayed at a more improved resolution than an actual physical resolution, thereby achieving the same effect as that where the resolution is physically improved. An image signal corresponding to one frame is separated into a first image signal and a second image signal, and a first image and a second image are formed based on the first image signal and the second image signal. The first image and the second image are respectively displayed at a first location and a second location. As a result, a viewer can view the image with an improved resolution.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to a system and method for compensating for spoke light in a video unit. More specifically, there is provided a method comprising measuring a first light level during a non-spoke time of a color wheel to generate a non-spoke light level; and setting a spoke light compensation value based on the measured non-spoke light level. There is also provided a video unit comprising a light source configured to generate a first light level during a non-spoke time of a color wheel, a photodiode assembly configured to measure the first light level to generate a non-spoke light level, and a processor configured to set a spoke light compensation value based on the non-spoke light level.

Abstract: A projection type image display apparatus has: an illumination optical system generating illumination light; a projection optical system projecting an image light onto a screen; a digital micromirror device (DMD) modulating the illumination light so as to form the image light; and a reflection mirror arranged in a position opposite to an optical path of the illumination light entering the DMD. The reflection mirror reflects an off-light reflected by the DMD in an “OFF” state in a direction separated from a projection light reflected by the DMD in an “ON” state.

Abstract: A projection apparatus comprising a light source for projecting an illumination light through an illumination optical system to a spatial light modulator (SLM) for modulating the illumination light for generating and transmitting an image projection light to an image projection surface through a projection optical system to display an image. The projection apparatus further includes an image process unit for receiving and analyzing an input image data; and the image process unit applies a conversion process to a signal related to the input image data to generate different control patterns for a plurality of adjacent pixel elements included in the SLM for a predetermined period during at least one frame period to reproduce a gradation of the pixel whereby each of the plurality of adjacent pixel elements has a gradation of approximately a same level.

Abstract: An imaging system 10 includes an image source providing an image having a resolution of X by Y pixels. The system also includes a digital mirror device 16 that includes an array of mirror elements. Each mirror element includes an edge that is not parallel to an edge of a neighboring mirror element. The array 16 includes fewer than X*Y mirror elements.

Abstract: Prism elements having TIR surfaces placed in close proximity to the active area of a SLM device to separate unwanted off-state and/or flat-state light from the projection ON-light bundle. The TIR critical angle of these prisms is selected to affect either the off-state light or additionally, any portion of flat-state light reflected from the SLM. These TIR surfaces are placed to immediately reflect the unwanted light as it comes off the SLM, thereby preventing the contamination of light along the projection path, which tends to degrade the system contrast. To further improve the optical performance of the system, these TIR prisms can be attached directly to the SLM package, completely eliminating the package window. Also, these TIR prism can be coupled to DMDs having asymmetric mirrors, which tilt through a larger angle for the ON-light to provide high etendue and lumen output, but through near-zero degrees for the OFF-light, thereby improving the separation of any unwanted light from the off/flat states.

Abstract: Interferometric modulators having a separable modulator architecture are disclosed having a reflective layer suspended from a flexible layer over a cavity. The interferometric modulators have one or more anti-tilt members that inhibit undesirable movement of the reflective layer, such as curling and/or tilting. The stabilization of the reflective layer by the anti-tilt members can improve the quality of the optical output of the interferometric modulators, as well as displays comprising such interferometric modulators.

Abstract: A micromirror array 110 fabricated on a semiconductor substrate 11. The array 110 is comprised of three operating layers 12, 13, 14. An addressing layer 12 is fabricated on the substrate. A hinge layer 13 is spaced above the addressing layer 12 by an air gap. A mirror layer 14 is spaced over the hinge layer 13 by a second air gap. The hinge layer 13 has a hinge 13a under and attached to the mirror 14a, the hinge 13a permitting the mirror 14a to tilt. The hinge layer 13 further has spring tips 13c under the mirror 14a, which are attached to the addressing layer 12. These spring tips 13c provide a stationary landing surface for the mirror 14a.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a projection display system includes a spatial light modulator and a volume illumination hologram. The spatial light modulator comprises a digital micromirror device, and the projection system includes a laser light source to produce a sequence of collimated, colored, light beams for the illumination hologram. Waste light produced by the spatial light modulator is transmitted to the illumination hologram, and the illumination hologram emits waste light from at least one of its edges. Waste light emitted from an edge of the illumination hologram is absorbed by a light sensor to control the intensity of the light beams. A projection focusing element is mounted proximate a side of the illumination hologram to focus the image beam from the spatial light modulator for viewing. A projection hologram is interposed between the side of the illumination hologram and the projection focusing element to manage waste light.

Abstract: A wide gamut high resolution projection system has a light source for generating and emitting light, a prism assembly for separating the light into six primary color light beams, and a plurality of digital micromirror device imagers configured to receive and reflect the primary color light beams.

Abstract: Improved apparatus and methods for displays are disclosed that utilize light concentration array between mechanical light modulators and the viewing surface of the display. The light concentration array includes an array of optical elements that concentrate light on respective ones of the light modulators to maximize the contrast ratio and off axis viewing of the display.

Abstract: An optical projection apparatus including an illumination system, a reflective light valve, an imaging system, and a reflective component is provided. The illumination system is suitable for providing a light beam and the reflective light valve is disposed on a transmission path of the light beam. The reflective light valve is used for converting the light beam into an image. In addition, the imaging system is disposed on the transmission path of the image. The reflective component is disposed both between the reflective light valve and the imaging system and between the reflective light valve and the illumination system, and disposed on the transmission path of the light beam and the image. The reflective component is used for reflecting the light beam onto the reflective light valve, and then reflecting the image produced by the reflective light valve into the imaging system.

Abstract: A projection lens unit and a thin projector using the same are disclosed. The projection lens unit includes a plurality of lens sets for emitting light carrying an image, and a reflector arranged between adjacent ones of the lens sets or at a downstream end of the lens sets, and adapted to change a direction of light incident on the reflector.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described employing a first lens array and a second lens array that are separated by one focal length that receives a plurality of colors signals from an X-prism and transmits to a condenser for overlapping lenslet images onto a display panel, such as a LCOS or LCD display panel. The first lens array includes a plurality of lenslets where each lenslet in the first lens array corresponds with each lenslet in a plurality of lenslets in the second lens array. The lenslets can be either refractive, defractive, or a combination of refractive and defractive.

Abstract: Provided are an illumination system capable of eliminating laser speckle and a projection system employing the illumination system. The illumination system includes a laser light source having at least one laser, and a first diffractive optical element to divide a laser beam emitted from the laser light source into a plurality of partial beams and to time-average the partial beams through a periodical movement to eliminate speckle. Accordingly, the illumination system can eliminate speckle of the beams emitted from the laser light source and the projection system employing the illumination system can achieve a high quality image.

Abstract: Apparatuses and processes for generating images having increased brightness uniformity are disclosed herein.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for reducing back-glass deflection in an interferometric modulator display device are provided. In one embodiment, an interferometric modulator display is provided that includes a including a substrate, an optical stack formed on the substrate, a moveable reflective layer formed over the optical stack, and a backplate attached to the substrate. The moveable reflective layer includes one or more first posts extending therefrom, in which one or more of the first posts are operable to protect the moveable reflective layer by contacting at least a portion of the backplate if the backplate is deflected.

Abstract: An interferometric modulator comprising a substrate, a movable membrane and one or more stiction bumps disposed between the substrate and the movable membrane. The stiction bumps are configured to mitigate stiction between the substrate and the movable membrane.

Abstract: A structure of a projector engine section includes: an engine section that projects through a projector lens an optical image formed by modulating a light flux depending on image information; a circuit board that has a digital mirror device control circuit and attached to the engine section; a heat sink that faces the circuit board so as to prevent a heat generation due to the fullness of heat in the engine section; and a gasket plate that is made of a sheet metal and is inserted into the space between the circuit board and the heat sink, such that the gasket plate elastically contacts with a ground pattern of the circuit board and the heat sink.

Abstract: An imaging system for an optical engine of projection apparatus comprises a body, a prism device, a digital micromirror assembly, a projection lens assembly, and an illumination system. A first slide mechanism disposed between the prism device and the body enables the prism device and the body to move transversely, relative to each other, to form an adjustable distance between the projection lens assembly and the prism device. A second slide mechanism disposed between the digital micromirror assembly and the prism device enables the digital micromirror assembly and the prism device to move transversely, relative to each other, to form an adjustable relative position between an effective optical processing area of the digital micromirror assembly and the bottom of the prism device. Users or technicians may adjust the relative movement between the assemblies conveniently using the springs of a fastening device to fasten the prism device to the body.

Abstract: A light projector includes a light source configured to output a light beam, a display screen configured to display a color image containing pixels, and a color filter positioned between the light source and the projection screen. The light projector also includes a device for sequentially permuting colors of the pixels for a plurality of frames. The device includes at least one of a device for shifting a position of the color filter with respect to the light beam and a device for shifting a path of the light beam that passes through the color filter.

Abstract: A projection system includes a modulator and an Offner relay. The modulator is to modulate light in accordance with sub-frames of a frame of image data. The Offner relay is to differently aim, in accordance with each sub-frame, the light as modulated.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling deformable micromirror devices are provided. In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a display system includes multiple deformable micromirror devices, a buffer, and a controller. Each deformable micromirror device includes a plurality of micromirrors. The buffer is communicatively coupled, at a first interface speed, to each deformable micromirror device. The buffer is operable to communicate in parallel with the deformable micromirror devices. The controller is communicatively coupled, at a second interface speed, to the buffer. The controller is operable to receive a display input and, in response, generate a plurality signals each corresponding to an optical characteristic of the display input. The controller is further operable to sequentially communicate each of the plurality of signals through the buffer to a corresponding one of the deformable micromirror devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides a display apparatus, comprising: a light source; at least one spatial light modulator for modulating a luminous flux emitted from the light source; and a controller for processing inputted video image information and for controlling the light source and spatial light modulator, wherein the controller controls the light source and spatial light modulator so that the light source performs pulse emission for a period shorter than a period in which the spatial light modulator is controlled under a modulation state.

Abstract: An apparatus includes micro-electromechanical (MEM) devices, a charge source, and a discharge mechanism. Each MEM device has different states based on a charged induced thereon. The charge source is to induce the charge thereon such that the MEM devices each enter one of the different states thereof. The discharge mechanism for the MEM devices is to discharge the induced thereon. The discharge mechanism includes one of a resistor for each MEM device and an ultraviolet (UV) light source. The resistor is to discharge the charge on its MEM device to ground. The UV light source is to emit photons onto the MEM devices, such that the photons discharge the charge on the MEM devices via photoelectric effect.

Abstract: A contrast adjustable projector apparatus including a body, a light source, an illumination unit, a lens assembly and a regulation device is disclosed. The light source is disposed in the body for generating light beams. The illumination unit connects the light source and the lens assembly to guide the light beams to project onto the lens assembly. The illumination unit includes a digital micromirror device (DMD) which is controlled by a controller to rotate at a specific angle according to the transmitted signals, thereby projecting the light beams transmitting from the light source as an on-state light, a flat state light or an off-state light. The regulation device is provided at an outer side of the lens assembly to adjustably shield at least a part of flat state light which is incident to a light inlet, in order to the contrast of the light emitted out of the lens assembly.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the invention relate to methods and systems for generating the color white in displays created from interferometric modulators and more specifically, to the generation of the color white through the use of reflected light at two wavelengths. In one embodiment, a display device displays the color white. The color white is generated by reflecting light from two pluralities of interferometric modulator types. The first modulator type reflects colored light at a specific wavelength. The second modulator type reflects colored light selected to be at a wavelength complementary to the first. The combined light reflected from the two types appears white in the display.

Abstract: In a projection device including a reflective light modulator for generating an image, a light source unit for illuminating the light modulator, and projection optics which include first and second partial optics, the projection optics have an optical axis. Each optical boundary surface of each lens of the first partial optics is curved and/or arranged such that, in a reference plane in which the optical axis of the projection optics is located and which is divided by the optical axis into upper and lower half-planes, each reflection ray bundle exiting the first partial optics proceeds completely either into the first or into the second half-plane. Thus, the invention prevents the reflection ray bundles from being projected onto the projection surface.

Abstract: A micro-mirror light modulator and associated projection display system. The projection display system includes a light source, a linear light source illumination system that transforms a light emitted from the light source into a thin linear light, a micro-mirror light modulator that selectively diverts the direction of the incident thin linear light to create reflected light, a light transmitting layer that selectively transmits or filters out the reflected light, a condenser lens that focuses the light transmitted by the light transmitting layer, and a scanner that scans the focused light such that the light forms a projected image. The micro-mirror light modulator includes a reflection electrode that deflects toward an electrode when a voltage is applied. The reflection electrode reflects light depending on its deflection state. The micro-mirror light modulator is driven by low voltage, is easily fabricated such that the cost is reduced, and exhibits enhanced image contrast.

Abstract: A system for, and method of resolving reset conflicts in a phased-reset SLM system and a projection visual display system incorporating the system or the method. In one embodiment, the system includes a reset conflict arbiter configured to receive reset instructions containing conflicts from a sequence generator and resolve the conflicts by shifting an execution time of a selected one of the reset instructions according to a conflict resolution method.

Abstract: A system for, and method of, generating multicolor scan lines and a multicolor projection video display (PVD) incorporating the system or the method. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) light sources that emit light of different colors at different emission locations and (2) first and second lenses having lenticular arrays associated therewith and configured to receive the light of the different colors and generate multicolor scan lines therefrom, the emission locations separated by different distances from the first lens.

Abstract: An illumination system is disclosed for use with an array of imaging mirrors such as in a projection imaging system. The projection imaging system includes projection optics and first and second light source assemblies located in first and second illumination locations. The imaging mirrors are individually controllable between first and second different reflecting states to form an image, the first reflecting state causing light from the first illumination location to be reflected to the projection optics and the second reflecting state causing light from the second illumination location to be reflected to the projection optics.

Abstract: Crosstalk between a drive coil and a primary feedback coil is eliminated by positioning a secondary feedback coil in proximity with the drive coil for contamination by the crosstalk to the same extent as the primary feedback coil, and by processing feedback signals generated by the feedback coils to cancel the crosstalk. The drive coil is used to oscillate a scan mirror employed in an image projection arrangement or an electro-optical reader.

Abstract: Embodiments of reflecting non-visible light off one or more mirrors are disclosed. In an embodiment, non-visible light may be reflected off of one or more mirrors in an off positon and a portion of a screen may be illuminated with the non-visible light. Other embodiments are also disclosed.

Abstract: An optical component of a projector is driven with a signal that contains one or more components that act to substantially cancel one or more unwanted oscillatory displacements of the optical component resulting from one or more unwanted oscillatory forces.

Abstract: A display having a plurality of reflective display elements. In one embodiment, the display elements comprise at least one electrode having a plurality of active areas. In one embodiment, at least two of the sizes of the active areas are different with respect to each other, e.g., they are non-uniform in size. The interferometric modulators have a plurality of states, wherein selected ones of the interferometric modulators are configured to be actuated depending differing electrostatic forces in the interferometric modulators. The electrostatic forces in the interferometric modulators are different at least in part due to variations in the sizes of the active areas of the electrodes.

Abstract: A micro mirror device is described. The device has a tiltable mirror plate with a reflective surface configured to reflect incident light to form a reflected light beam. A controller is configured to cause the mirror plate to tilt from an un-tilted position to an “off” position, a first “on” position, or a second “on” position. An opaque aperture structure is configured to block substantially all of a reflected light beam from reaching a display surface when the mirror plate is tilted to the “off” position, allow a first portion of a reflected light beam to pass through when the mirror plate is tilted to the first “on” position and allow a second portion of a reflected light beam to pass through when the mirror plate is tilted to the second “on” position. The tilting positions determine a brightness of display pixels.

Abstract: A method and system for performing spatial temporal multiplexing using a multi-threshold mask. A mask generator (404) outputs a threshold value for each pixel of a display. The mask generator typically creates a blue noise mask for a given pixel array that is replicated over the face of the entire display. The blue noise mask generator (404) typically is implemented as a memory lookup table. An index generator (402) provides an offset into the memory lookup table that allows the table to be shifted from time to time. The output of the blue noise mask generator (404), which may be the threshold value itself or a signal representing which threshold is being used, is an input to a selective inverter (406). The selective inverter (406) provides the option of inverting the blue noise mask. To reduce artifacts, the mask is periodically shifted and/or inverted. The value from the mask generator (404), whether inverted or not, is compared to the LSBs of the input data word to yield the fractional bit values.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator includes a mirror plate comprising a reflective upper surface, a lower surface, and a substrate portion comprising a cavity having an opening on the lower surface, a substrate comprising an upper surface, a hinge support post in connection with the substrate, and a hinge component supported by the hinge support post and in connection with the mirror plate, and one or more landing tips configured to contact the lower surface of the mirror plate to limit rotation of the mirror plate. The hinge component includes a protrusion that is anchored in a hole in the top surface of the hinge support post and the hinge component is configured to extend into the cavity to facilitate rotation of the mirror plate.

Abstract: A display apparatus and a display method applied to the same are disclosed, the display apparatus including a lamp which emits a ray of light; and a panel which represents each of a plurality of pixels constituting an image in a manner such that the ray of light emitted from the lamp is reflected against a plurality of micro mirrors; wherein the plurality of micro mirrors form one square micro-mirror.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for a fold-mirror assembly with a dynamically adjustable mirror element for use in a projection device are disclosed herein.