Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel (100A) according to an embodiment of the present invention is a liquid crystal display panel including: a first substrate (2) having a pixel electrode (4) formed thereon; a second substrate (3) opposing the first substrate (2); and a liquid crystal layer (1) retained between the first substrate (2) and the second substrate (3). The liquid crystal layer (1) edges near at least one of side faces of the liquid crystal display panel (100A), and includes a black layer (52) in contact with the side face of the liquid crystal layer (1) along which the liquid crystal layer (1) edges near at least one of the side faces of the liquid crystal display panel (100A).

Abstract: An object is to propose a method of manufacturing, with high mass productivity, liquid crystal display devices having thin film transistors with highly reliable electric characteristics. In a liquid crystal display device having an inverted staggered thin film transistor, the inverted staggered thin film transistor is formed as follows: a gate insulating film is formed over a gate electrode; a microcrystalline semiconductor film which functions as a channel formation region is formed over the gate insulating film; a buffer layer is formed over the microcrystalline semiconductor film; a pair of source and drain regions are formed over the buffer layer; and a pair of source and drain electrodes are formed in contact with the source and drain regions so as to expose a part of the source and drain regions.

Abstract: An object is to propose a method of manufacturing, with high mass productivity, liquid crystal display devices having thin film transistors with highly reliable electric characteristics. In a liquid crystal display device having an inverted staggered thin film transistor, the inverted staggered thin film transistor is formed as follows: a gate insulating film is formed over a gate electrode; a microcrystalline semiconductor film which functions as a channel formation region is formed over the gate insulating film; a buffer layer is formed over the microcrystalline semiconductor film; a pair of source and drain regions are formed over the buffer layer; and a pair of source and drain electrodes are formed in contact with the source and drain regions so as to expose a part of the source and drain regions.

Abstract: An object is to provide a display device which has high visibility and has a touch recognition function with a high degree of accuracy, by combining a liquid crystal layer where liquid crystals are dispersed in a polymer and a light emitting element. In a display device using a liquid crystal layer where liquid crystals are dispersed in a polymer, a light-transmitting spacer is provided so as to overlap with a light receiving element which has a touch recognition function. The light-transmitting spacer can prevent light incident on the light receiving element from being dispersed by the liquid crystals, while maintaining a cell gap in the liquid crystal layer, and thus achieve a touch recognition function with a high degree of accuracy with high visibility.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display and polarizer capable of photon-electric conversion, the display capable of photon-electric conversion comprising: a first substrate having a first top surface and a first bottom surface, a second substrate having a second top surface and a second bottom surface, a liquid crystal layer disposed between said first bottom surface of said first substrate and said second top surface of said second substrate, a first polarizer disposed on said first top surface of said first substrate, and a photon-electric conversion element, wherein a light-polarized dye is added into said photon-electric conversion element to form a second polarizer attached to the second bottom surface of the second substrate, and photon energy of an incident light, which has a direction of vibration parallel to absorption axis of said light-polarized dye, is absorbed by said light-polarized dye for photon-electric conversion.

Abstract: An optically based transport system and method for transporting particles across a virtual electrode array are disclosed. The system comprises a photoconductor layer where optically induced electrodes are projected thereon through sequential light images in a traveling wave grid pattern in order to transport particles across the virtual electrode array with a traveling wave.

Abstract: A silicon light-emitting element includes a first conductivity type silicon substrate 10 having a first surface 10a and a second surface 10b on a side opposite to the first surface 10a, an insulating film 11 provided on the first surface 10a of the silicon substrate 10, a silicon layer 12 provided on the insulating film 11, and having a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type, a first electrode 13 provided on the silicon layer 12, and a second electrode 14 provided on the second surface of the silicon substrate, and the silicon substrate 10 has a carrier concentration of 5×1015cm?3 to 5×1018cm?3, the silicon layer 12 has a carrier concentration of 1×1017cm?3 to 5×1019cm?3, and that is larger by one digit or more than the carrier concentration of the silicon substrate 10, and the insulating film 11 has a film thickness of 0.3 nm to 5 nm. Accordingly, a silicon light-emitting element that is applicable to a silicon photonics light source is realized.

Abstract: A display uses x illuminator systems to produce x primary colors and y overlap colors, which are combinations of primary colors, to illuminate a spatial light modulator in a display system. A first set of n duty cycles for the x primary colors over a frame is provided, wherein the display system can select any one of the duty cycles to produce a desired white point. A second set of n duty cycles of x+y colors over a frame corresponding to the first set of duty cycles is determined, where the second set of duty cycles are generated responsive to a specified desired allocation of the frame to the y overlap colors, such that each of the overlap colors can be displayed from a dark shade to a bright shade while maintaining a constant color point.

Abstract: A reflective type touch-sensing display panel including a front substrate, scan lines, data lines, pixel structures, photo-sensors, readout devices, a rear substrate and a reflective display medium is provided. The front substrate has an inner surface. The scan lines and the data lines are on the inner surface of the front substrate and intersected to each other. The pixel structures are disposed on the inner surface of the front substrate, and each pixel structure is electrically connected to one of the scan lines and one of the data lines correspondingly. The photo-sensors are disposed on the inner surface of the front substrate. Each readout device is electrically connected to one of the photo-sensor correspondingly. The rear substrate is disposed opposite to the front substrate. The reflective display medium is sealed between the front substrate and the rear substrate.

Abstract: A power generating black mask comprising an anti-reflection layer deposited over a substrate, a first electrode layer deposited over the anti-reflection layer, a semi-conductor layer deposited over the first electrode layer and a second electrode layer deposited over the semi-conductor layer.

Abstract: A display device that includes a first substrate having pixel electrodes; a second substrate having a color filter corresponding to the pixel electrodes to display images; a photo switching element disposed at the first substrate; a red or green color filter corresponding to the photo switching element formed at the second substrate to sense an amount of external light; a driving controller configured to output a driving control signal responsive to the amount of external light sensed by the light sensing unit; and a light generation unit configured to provide the display unit with an internal light controlled by the driving control signal. This photo sensor is well suited to human-eye luminosity and uses external light to determine how much backlight is needed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal panel including first and second substrates bonded to each other with a liquid crystal layer positioned therebetween, and the photosensor, formed on the second substrate, for sensing an external light from the surroundings, wherein the photosensor includes a semiconductor layer formed on the second substrate and provided with n+-type ion implantation region, ion non-implantation region and lightly doped region; an insulation film, formed on the second substrate, for covering the semiconductor layer; a passivation film, formed on the second substrate, for covering the insulation film; a first contact hole passing through the insulation film and the passivation film, to expose source and drain regions of the semiconductor layer; source and drain electrodes connected with the source and drain regions of the semiconductor layer through the first contact hole; an ion implanting prevention film formed on the insulation film and overlapped with the ion non-i

Abstract: The present invention presents an exposure device, which includes an object stage on which the object is to be set, at least one aperture member for splitting a light beam from an optical source into first and second light beams, first and second spatial light modulators for spatially modulating the first and second light beams, respectively, first and second projection optical systems for irradiating the object with the first and second light beams, at least one first optical sensor for detecting intensity of the light beam from the optical source, one or more second optical sensors for detecting intensities of the first and second light beams from the first and second projection optical systems, respectively, and a decision section for diagnosing status of a route between the aperture member and the object, based on the results of the first and second sensors.

Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid crystal display and a fabricating method thereof that provides a uniform parasitic capacity of a thin film transistor. In a liquid crystal display and a fabricating method thereof according to the present invention, a source electrode of the thin film transistor is connected to the data line and a drain electrode of the thin film transistor is inserted into a hollowed part of the source electrode in the data line direction.

Abstract: A solar-powered LCD device, e.g., for a clock, includes a solar cell arrangement and a liquid crystal display. The solar cell arrangement includes an at least partially transparent carrier and at least one solar cell provided with at least one at least partially transparent contact, at least one first polarizer, a first at least partially transparent carrier, a first at least partially transparent contact, a liquid crystal, a second transparent contact, a second transparent carrier, a second polarizer, and a reflector in a stacked arrangement. The carrier of the solar cell arrangement is one of the carriers of the liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A method of managing a user database in a mobile terminal includes, when communication using an arbitrary telephone number registered in a phone book occurs, updating a communication time of the telephone number to the time when the communication is terminated; searching for the communication time by a display request of phone book information including the telephone number; calculating a time interval from a present time to the communication time and searching for a connection period to which the calculated time interval belongs among a plurality of connection periods having different predetermined time intervals; and displaying a communication time mark corresponding to the searched connection period among a plurality of communication time marks corresponding to the plurality of connection periods with the requested phone book information.

Abstract: A reflective type liquid crystal optically addressed spatial light modulator has a first transparent substrate (1b), a first transparent electrode (2b) formed on the first transparent substrate (1b) and a photosensitive layer (3) formed on the first transparent electrode, formed from materials including hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-Si:C:H). A read-out light-blocking layer (4) is formed on top of the photosensor layer (3) and is formed from amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H). The high reflectance dielectric multilayer mirror (5) is formed on top of the light-blocking layer (4) and can be made of alternating the a-Si:C:H layers with a higher refractive index and the a-C:H layers with lower reflective index. The modulator also has a second transparent substrate (1a), a second transparent electrode (2a) formed on the second transparent substrate (1a), and a liquid crystal layer (8) disposed between the dielectric mirror (5) and the second transparent electrode (2a).

Abstract: A projection system and method are provided, the system includes a radiation source for generating electromagnetic radiation outside the visible wavelength range, an imaging unit, which can be irradiated by the radiation source, and a projection screen having a radiation-sensitive surface which, when excited by means of the above-mentioned invisible radiation, can emit fluorescent light in the visible wavelength range. The radiation-sensitive surface is formed of a material which, irrespective of the position, emits fluorescent light of different wavelengths as a function of the wavelength of the excitation radiation, and the radiation source can emit excitation radiation of different wavelengths.

Abstract: A display assembly is disclosed including an electro-optical cell (28), for example a liquid crystal cell, and a photovoltaic cell (61) acting as a back reflector. In order to improve the aesthetic appearance of the display, the photovoltaic cell (61) reflects predetermined wavelengths and thus exhibits a desired color in the transparent zones (90) of the electro-optical cell. In particular, the reflected light can be colored by reflection onto a multi-layered reflective filter including a transparent electrode (69) of the photovoltaic cell. This cell may form part of the dial of a watch.

Abstract: An optical writing type liquid crystal light valve apparatus is composed so as to have at least first and second transparent substates, a photoconductive layer, first and second electrodes which are arranged so as to contract with and sandwich the photoconductive layer or arranged on one surface of the photoconductive layer, an optical reflective layer, a liquid crystal layer and a third electrode. The second electrode is composed of split electrode sections obtained by splitting the second electrode into a plurality of electrode sections. Opposing areas, which face each other via the photoconductive layer, of the photoconductive layer which the first electrode and the split electrode sections of the second electrode are set to be smaller than an area of the split electrode section of the second electrode.

Abstract: Reflective spatial light modulator array is described incorporating liquid crystal devices, mirrors, a semiconductor substrate, electrical circuits, and a reflector/absorber layer for blocking light. The invention overcomes the problem of shielding light from semiconductor devices, high optical throughput and contrast, pixel storage capacitance to hold the voltage across the liquid crystal device and precise control of the liquid crystal device thickness without spacers obscuring the mirrors.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator includes a pair of transparent substrates disposed with a prescribed gap therebetween and each having thereon a transparent electrode, and a liquid crystal layer and a photoconductor layer disposed between the substrates, with the transparent electrode on one substrate being split into a plurality of split electrodes. A display apparatus is formed by disposing a recording medium carrying a recorded picture at different sizes between the spatial light modulator and a writing light source. Depending on the picture size to be displayed on the spatial light modulator, a number among the plurality of split electrodes are selected for writing voltage application under illumination with writing light based on picture size data recorded in the recording medium, whereby a selected size of picture is written in the spatial light modulator and displayed thereon under illumination with reading light.

Abstract: A display assembly is disclosed including an electro-optical cell (28), for example a liquid crystal cell, and a photovoltaic cell (61) acting as a back reflector for the latter. In order to improve the aesthetic appearance of the display, the photovoltaic cell (61) reflects predetermined wavelengths and thus exhibits a desired color in the transparent zones (90) of the electro-optical cell. In particular, the reflected light can be colored by reflection onto a multi-layered reflective filter including a transparent electrode (69) of the photovoltaic cell. This cell may form part of the dial of a watch.

Abstract: A surface for the alignment of liquid crystals containing directionally-linked groups and compounds useful for preparing such surfaces are disclosed.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator (SLM) providing effects light blocking of even strong incident light without reducing the photoelectric conversion efficiency, and a projector using said SLM, are disclosed.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a light amplifying portion comprising a first substrate having a transparent conductive film, a photoconductor whose electric resistance is lowered in accordance with light irradiation and a dielectric thin film, a second substrate having a transparent conductive film and a uniaxially orienting mechanism and a ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrate, an image write-in portion comprising a display body, a mirror for splitting an image light into three color lights and light shutters for performing a switching operation between transmission and interception of the split lights, and serves to irradiate the image light through the first substrate of each light amplifying portion, an image read-out portion comprising a light source for irradiating light through the second substrate of each of the three light amplifying portions, and red, green and blue color filter portions, and an imaging portion fo

Abstract: An optically addressed spatial light modulation system includes a ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator. A writing light source irradiates a writing light for recording an image onto the spatial light modulator. A read-out light source irradiates a bias light for adjusting the sensitivity of the spatial light modulator and a read-out light for reading a recorded image from the spatial light modulator. An adjusting circuit is used to adjust the bias light intensity or irradiation time in synchronism with the writing light to increase the sensitivity of the spatial light modulator. A driving circuit supplies writing voltage signals to the spatial light modulator. The irradiation times of the write light and the bias light overlap with the application of the writing voltage signals for a predetermined time for adjusting the sensitivity of the spatial light modulator.

Abstract: A light-writing-type liquid crystal element which is provided with carrier-blocking layers that are installed on the transparent electrode side and on the light-shielding layer side of a photoconductive layer and that prevents carriers from entering the photoconductive layer. By adjusting the width of a depletion layer that is formed by the carrier-blocking layers and other factors, the energy-band structure of the photoconductive layer is kept asymmetric so that when a voltage is applied onto the photoconductive layer, the area on the writing-light incident-side of the photoconductive layer receives a higher voltage than that of the area on the liquid-crystal-layer side. Consequently, the photosensitivity of the photoconductive layer is improved, and the resolution as well as the contrast of the element can be improved.

Abstract: By using a ferroelectric liquid crystal light valve having a hydrogenated amorphous silicon photoconductive layer, a spatial light modulator may be driven by a method comprising the sequential application of successive pulse voltages of selective amplitude, polarity and duration to cause the spatial light modulator to manifest a second threshold level suitable for application of the device in Boolean processing applications and Fourier image processing.

Abstract: A liquid crystal light valve is provided with an array of photoconductive pedestals surrounded by a dielectric matrix material. Metal mirror pads are formed on top of each pedestal to form a high resolution metal matrix mirror, with each pedestal/mirror combination servicing one image pixel. The dielectric matrix forms a potential barrier between the individual photoconductive pedestals which prevents lateral charge migration between pedestals. The metal matrix mirror also shields the underlying photoconductive pedestal from photoactivation by the readout beam. The dielectric matrix material has a lower dielectric constant than the photoconductive pedestals, allowing the impedance of the photoconductive pedestals to match the impedance of the liquid crystal layer with a much thinner layer of photoconductive material than in prior LCLVs using a continuous photoconductive layer.

Abstract: A photoconductor coupled liquid crystal light valve comprising at least a pair of transparent electrode, a liquid crystal layer and a photoconductive layer showing blocking properties both sandwiched between said transparent electrodes, wherein said photoconductive layer includes a light absorbing layer and a blocking layer having a band gap wider than said light absorbing layer, both said light absorbing layer and said blocking layer being formed of non-alloy a-Si; and a method for manufacturing said photoconductor coupled light valve wherein said photoconductive layer is prepared with electron cyclotron resonance method.

Abstract: A reflective type liquid crystal optically addressed spatial light modulator has a first transparent substrate (1b), a first transparent electrode (2b) formed on the first transparent substrate (1b) and a photosensitive layer (3) formed on the first transparent electrode, formed from materials including hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-Si:C:H). A read-out light-blocking layer (4) is formed on top of the photosensor layer (3) and is formed from amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H). The high reflectance dielectric multilayer mirror (5) is formed on top of the light-blocking layer (4) and can be made of alternating the a-Si:C:H layers with a higher refractive index and the a-C:H layers with lower reflective index. The modulator also has a second transparent substrate (1a), a second transparent electrode (2a) formed on the second transparent substrate (1a), and a liquid crystal layer (8) disposed between the dielectric mirror (5) and the second transparent electrode (2a).