Abstract: An OCT device that selectively captures OCT data of a fundus of a subject eye and OCT data of an anterior segment of the subject eye. The OCT device includes a spectroscopic optical system that spectroscopically detects interference light between reference light and reflection light of measurement light irradiated on the subject eye. The spectroscopic optical system includes a collimating system that collimates the interference light, a spectrally dispersive element that spectrally disperses the collimated interference light for each spectral wavelength, an image formation system that forms an image of the interference light for each spectral wavelength on an imaging surface, and a light receiving element disposed on the imaging surface. An object-side focal length of the collimating system is shorter than an image-side focal length of the image formation system.

Abstract: A medical diagnostic apparatus includes a receiver circuit that receives three-dimensional data of an eye, and processing circuitry configured to segment the three-dimensional data into regions that include a target structural element and regions that do not include the target structural element to produce a segmented three-dimensional data set. The segmenting is performed using a plurality of segmentation algorithms. Each of the plurality of segmentation algorithms is trained separately on different two-dimensional data extracted from the three-dimensional data. The processing circuitry is further configured to generate at least one metric from the segmented three-dimensional data set, and evaluate a medical condition based on the at least one metric.

Abstract: A system, method and computer program product for estimating future axial elongation of an individual's eye as a way to predict and track refractive error progression of an individual. The method includes: receiving, via a computer interface, data relating to refractive change in a prior pre-determined time period for the individual from a reference timepoint; receiving data representing an age of the individual and data representing a current axial length value of the eye as measured at the reference timepoint; calculating, by said processor, a future axial elongation of the eye as a function of the age of the individual, the current axial length value of the eye as measured at the reference timepoint, and the refractive change in the prior pre-determined time period; generating, an output indication of said computed axial elongation of the eye, and using said output indication to select a myopia control treatment for said individual.

Abstract: The various embodiments herein provide a system and method for direct and consensual pupillary light reflex stimulation without cross-contamination of contralateral eye. The embodiments also provides a portable and easy-to-use system and method for eye stimulation of pupillary response assessment for medical evaluation. The system is a portable and head-mounted goggles system is provided for eye stimulation of pupillary response assessment. The head-mounted goggles system comprises a visor, a pair of LEDs, a pair of well-arrangement and two cameras. The well-arrangements are designed in such a way that the LEDs provide a narrow light cone only to the eye under observation and prevents the contralateral eye from being stimulated. The cameras are independent of each other and are configured to capture images and transmit the images to a remote computing device through wired and/or wireless means.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are computer systems for, in part, image processing. Also disclosed herein are systems for processing ocular images of multiple imaging modalities to detect ocular diseases. Also disclosed herein are method comprising systems as described herein.

Abstract: A diagnostic device for use in performing refractive errors assessment and neurodegenerative disorders screening is described herein. The diagnostic device includes a display configure to render dynamically adjusted, dichoptic visual stimuli to a user, a varifocal optics system orientated between the display and the user's eyes, an ocular reflex analyzer emitting light signals towards the user's eye s and obtaining light signal reflected from selected part of the eye to measure eye accommodation during an on-going visual stimulation, and an eye tracking system configured to track movement of the user's eyes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method including the steps of: a) illuminating a pupil of the eye of a subject by a light source; b) acquiring at least one picture of the pupil including an image of the reflection of the light source on the retina of the eye, by means of an image-capture apparatus; and c) and determining a refraction feature of the eye from at least a geometrical feature, a positional feature, or an intensity distribution of the image of the reflection of the light source. Optical distances between the pupil and, respectively, the light source and the image-capture apparatus, are different. An associated device is also described.

Abstract: A medical image processing apparatus including an obtaining unit configured to obtain a tomographic image of an eye to be examined, and a first processing unit configured to perform first detection processing for detecting at least one layer of a plurality of layers in the obtained tomographic image, by using the obtained tomographic image as an input data of a learned model, wherein the learned model has been obtained by using training data including data indicating at least one layer of a plurality of layers in a tomographic image of an eye to be examined.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide systems and methods for analyzing a medical image containing a vessel structure using a sequential model. An exemplary system includes a communication interface configured to receive the medical image and the sequential model. The sequential model includes a vessel extraction sub-model and a lesion analysis sub-model. The vessel extraction sub-model and the lesion analysis sub-model are independently or jointly trained. The exemplary system also includes at least one processor configured to apply the vessel extraction sub-model on the received medical image to extract location information of the vessel structure. The at least one processor also applies the lesion analysis sub-model on the received medical image and the location information extracted by the vessel extraction sub-model to obtain a lesion analysis result of the vessel structure. The at least one processor further outputs the lesion analysis result of the vessel structure.

Abstract: An electronic device, method, and computer program product provide of removing less relevant secondary content (e.g., advertisements, related links, comments, reviews, etc.) prior to generating a static or dynamic screen shot image of the more relevant primary content of an electronic page. A controller of an electronic device executes an application to present, via a display, at least a portion of an electronic page. In response to receiving an input, via at least one input device of the electronic device, to capture a screen shot of the display, the controller identifies primary spatial portion(s) and secondary spatial portion(s) of the electronic page. The controller renders the primary portion(s) of the electronic page into a reduced content electronic page without the secondary spatial portion(s). The controller captures a screen shot image of the reduced content electronic page.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the method includes obtaining a plurality of sensor data items, each specifying a set of values determined from at least one sensor; and training, based on the plurality of sensor data items, a machine learning model including a data adaptation part configured for determining a modified sensor data item based on an input sensor data item, an encoder configured for determining encoded features based on the modified sensor data item, a decoder configured for determining a decoded sensor data item based on the encoded features, representing an estimation of the input sensor data item, and a classifier configured for determining a class associated with the input sensor data item. The training the machine learning model includes updating parameters of the data adaptation part based on the input sensor data item and the corresponding decoded sensor data item, while maintaining the encoder, the decoder and the classifier frozen.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of determining a distance and a height, including: measuring, a first distance, a second distance and a third distance from the security inspection device to the tested person as well as measuring a first height, a second height and a third height of the tested person; determining, a relationship between the first distance and a minimum distance threshold as well as a maximum distance threshold, a relationship between the second distance and the minimum distance threshold as well as the maximum distance threshold, and a relationship between the third distance and the minimum distance threshold as well as the maximum distance threshold; determining, a final distance from the security inspection device to the tested person and a final height of the tested person; and performing a pixel conversion and a size conversion on the pupil image of the tested person.

Abstract: Methods for dispensing eyeglasses are disclosed. The methods involve making a subjective refraction and an objective refraction and sending the information to a calculation computer to combine both refractions to calculate the person's prescription. The person's prescription is subsequently sent to a manufacturing location separate from the calculation computer for manufacture of the lenses.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a stem cell-conditioned medium and an exosome isolated therefrom as an active ingredient for prevention or treatment of an ocular disease. Containing exosomes, growth factors and neurotrophic factors at high levels and functioning to: promote retinal cell proliferation and wound recovery; protect retinal cells against oxidative stress or hypoxia; lower the increased intraocular pressure and restore the atrophy of the retinal layer and the retinal ganglion cell layer to normal levels in the glaucoma animal model; and have a protective effect on retinal ganglion cells and nerve cells, the stem cell-conditioned medium according to the present disclosure can find advantageous applications in the therapy of an ocular disease.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and apparatus for making a determination about an eye comprising detecting light reflected out of an eye of a subject from a retina of the eye of the subject and making a determination about the eye of the subject based upon the reflected light, wherein the light is adjusted for color temperature when making the determination about the eye.

Abstract: Devices and methods for conducting a remote photography session are described. In some instances, a computing device at a photography station receives messages from a photography station controller which is remote from the photography station. In some examples, the computing device receives one or more messages instructing the computing device to capture an image from an image capture device. The computing device can also receive one or more messages instructing the computing device to adjust the image capture device. Additionally, the messages may instruct the computing device to present instructions to a subject of the photography session. These instructions can prompt the subject to make adjustments to meet a criteria for a photograph in the photography session.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for systems and methods to provide improved ocular aberrometry. An ocular aberrometry system includes a wavefront sensor configured to provide wavefront sensor data associated with an optical target monitored by the ocular aberrometry system and a logic device configured to communicate with the wavefront sensor. The logic device is configured to determine a complex analysis engine for the ocular aberrometry system based, at least in part, on an aberrometer model and/or an eye model associated with the ocular aberrometry system, wherein the aberrometer model and the eye model are based, at least in part, on wavefront sensor data provided by the wavefront sensor. The logic device is also configured to generate a compact analysis engine for the ocular aberrometry system based, at least in part, on the determined complex analysis engine.

Abstract: A first image is projective transformed into a reference image by using a projective transformation matrix on each pixel of the first image. A projective transformation matrix for transforming a tilted image n into a central image G0 is computed based on positions of combinations of twelve corresponding points indicated in a combination of the central image G0 with the tilted image n. The computed projective transformation matrix is then employed to perform a projective transformation of the tilted image n. A projective-transformed tilted image n1 is created thereby.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are provided for measuring dark adaptation of one or both eyes of a patient, and more particularly, for measuring dark adaptation with a mobile device application. An exemplary method includes exposing an eye of a patient to a light source to bleach a retinal location of the eye, displaying on a mobile device a figure with a luminance and waiting until the patient communicates with the mobile device to acknowledge that the patient can see the figure, measuring and recording a level of the luminance and a time period between first displaying the figure and the patient communicating with the mobile device, continuing to display additional figures with decreasing luminance one at a time, and determining by a processor dark adaptation measurements of the patent based on the measured and recorded luminance and time periods.

Abstract: A handheld smart phone includes programming for performing various vision-related tests. The smart phone includes a touch sensitive screen, microphone, speaker, other sensors, processor and persistent storage for execution of software, multiple communications network interfaces and other device interfaces. The display delivers vision tests and, together with the speaker, related audio instructions to a user. The user interacts with the vision tests by using tactile and audio commands to the device screen and microphone. The test results are assembled into a report that can be transmitted to persons of the user's choice, such as a care provider. The capability is included for transmitting results to the remainder of the system for storage, analysis, events, alerts for medical personnel's user treatment and multiple user population analysis.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-implemented method of determining a scattering spectrum of an eye. The method comprises receiving data from a detector indicative of a reflected wave of radiation reflected from the retina, wherein the reflected wave of radiation is formed by an incident wave of masked radiation directed towards a retina of the eye, such that at least one region masked from the incident wave is present on the retina, determining a first back scattering spectrum indicative of light scattered from an optical media of the eye in dependence on a portion of the reflected wave of radiation corresponding to the at least one masked region, determining a second back scattering spectrum indicative of light scattered from a neural retina of the eye in dependence on retinal structure information representative of neural retinal structure, and determining the scattering spectrum of the eye in dependence on the first back scattering spectrum and the second back scattering spectrum.

Abstract: A DiskLink system is provided in the present disclosure. The DiskLink system is established on a cloud-based network, and is formed by cloud-based disks connecting to each other in a way similar to that of a neural network system. The DiskLink system includes information webpages that each display virtual reality scenes. When any movement option of one information webpage is selected, an information webpage program of the information webpage stores a movement record data in a browser. When each of the information webpages is executed, the information webpage program loads the movement record data from the browser and displays a previous webpage option. When the previous webpage option is selected, the browser displays a previous webpage address in the previous webpage option, and the information webpage program uses the movement record data to simulate a user selecting the movement options to change the virtual reality scenes.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method, including: obtaining, utilizing at least one image capture device, at least one image of an eye of a user; identifying, from the at least one image, a plurality of characteristics of the eye, wherein at least one of the characteristics includes a position of a pupil of the eye; generating, based upon the plurality of characteristics of the eye, a plurality of images, wherein each of the plurality of images is generated for a portion of the eye; and presenting, utilizing at least one display device, the plurality of images to the eye, wherein each of the plurality of images is presented to a portion of the eye corresponding to the image generated for the given portion of the eye. Other embodiments are described herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of assisting in diagnosis of a target heart disease using a retinal image, the method including: obtaining a target retinal image which is obtained by imaging a retina of a testee; on the basis of the target retinal image, obtaining heart disease diagnosis assistance information of the testee according to the target retinal image, via a heart disease diagnosis assistance neural network model which obtains diagnosis assistance information that is used for diagnosis of the target heart disease according to the retinal image; and outputting the heart disease diagnosis assistance information of the testee.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic apparatus of an embodiment example includes a front image acquiring device, a first search processor, and a second search processor. The front image acquiring device is configured to acquire a front image of a fundus of a subject's eye. The first search processor is configured to search for an interested region corresponding to an interested site of the fundus based on a brightness variation in the front image. The second search processor is configured to search for the interested region by template matching between the front image and a template image in the event that the interested region has not been detected by the first search processor.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to lenses, devices, methods and/or systems for addressing refractive error. Certain embodiments are directed to changing or controlling the wavefront of the light entering a human eye. The lenses, devices, methods and/or systems can be used for correcting, addressing, mitigating or treating refractive errors and provide excellent vision at distances encompassing far to near without significant ghosting. The refractive error may for example arise from myopia, hyperopia, or presbyopia with or without astigmatism. Certain disclosed embodiments of lenses, devices and/or methods include embodiments that address foveal and/or peripheral vision. Exemplary of lenses in the fields of certain embodiments include contact lenses, corneal onlays, corneal inlays, and lenses for intraocular devices both anterior and posterior chamber, accommodating intraocular lenses, electro-active spectacle lenses and/or refractive surgery.

Abstract: Disclosed are a mobile device and method which include acquiring, by an image acquisition unit installed in a mobile device, an image of eyes of a patient while light provided by a light source reflects from an optical surface of the eyes of the patient; and obtaining, by a processor installed in the mobile device, ocular misalignment measurements, including a magnitude and a direction of ocular misalignment in the eyes of the patient, using the acquired image or set of images.

Abstract: An ophthalmic imaging apparatus comprising: an illumination light source and an optical assembly for directing light from the light source into an eye of a subject; a photosensor array comprising a plurality of photosensors positioned for acquiring images of portions of a fundus of the eye; an objective lens positioned along an imaging axis intersecting a point on the fundus of the eye wherein the objective lens is positioned for refracting light that has been reflected by the fundus to form an image of the fundus on an image plane of the objective lens such that the image plane is positioned away from the photosensor array; and a microlens array comprising a plurality of microlenses wherein the microlens array is spaced away from and positioned behind the image plane and wherein the microlens array is positioned in between the image plane and the photosensor array such that each microlens in the array projects a different view of the image formed at the image plane thereby forming an array of elemental image

Abstract: A method is provided for the user-specific calibration of a display apparatus, wearable on the head of a user, for an augmented presentation, wherein A), in a basic calibration step, the position of the at least one eye is ascertained relative to the display apparatus in all three spatial directions in the state where the display apparatus is worn on the head of the user and said position is saved in the display apparatus as adjustment data in such a way that an image generating module of the display apparatus generates the image taking account of the adjustment data.

Abstract: A wide field fundus camera is disclosed to implement multiple illumination beam projectors and to capture multiple retinal images at a various viewing angles to mimic wide field retinal examination with an indirect ophthalmoscope. The wide field fundus camera may incorporate a consumer image recording device with fast auto focusing so as to make the device quick to respond and easy to use. The wide field fundus camera may include narrow and broad slit beam illuminations to enhance autofocusing and imaging through less transparent crystalline lens and through haze due to Purkinje reflections from crystalline lens surfaces. Control of multiple illumination beam projectors in a programmable manner can be used to assess alignment of each illumination beam projector with the eye and to capture said multiple retinal images. Furthermore, a method is disclosed to montage said multiple retinal images into a single montage and to remove haze and reflections.

Abstract: A wearable ophthalmic device is disclosed. The device may include a head-mounted light field display configured to generate a physical light field comprising a beam of light. The head-mounted light field display may direct the beam of light into a user's eye, thereby producing a retinal reflex. The device may also include a head-mounted photodetector array configured to receive the retinal reflex and to generate numerical image data. The device may also include a light field processor configured to control the light field display, to analyze the retinal reflex using the numerical image data, and to determine an optical prescription for the user's eye based on the analysis of the retinal reflex.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for displaying the axis of astigmatism of an eye, in which an observation unit is used to observe the eye and, using a display unit, the orientation of the axis of astigmatism of the eye is displayed. A sensor unit generates sensor data which indicate a modification to the alignment of the observation unit relative to the eye. A calculation unit updates the displayed orientation of the axis of astigmatism with the aid of the sensor data, and issues it as the current orientation of the display unit.

Abstract: A system and method for conducting a refractive examination of an eye of a patient, has a communication device with a communication module that connects to the internet, a processor that is programmed to connect to a remote computer via the communication module and which has a display screen, a microphone and a speaker. The remote computer has a data storage device that stores images of eye charts. The communication device is mounted in a virtual reality headset configured to be worn by the patient and has at least one screen through which the display screen of the communication device is viewable. The communication device displays images in the form of the eye charts to the patient, who communicates through the communication to a remote examiner who conducts the refractive examination using multiple different eye charts to determine the prescription of the patient.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for eye health and vision examinations. A customer diagnostic center is configured to generate customer examination data pertaining to an examination of a customer's eye. The customer diagnostic center provides a user interface for communicating with a customer and ophthalmic equipment for administering tests to the customer. A diagnostic center server is configured to receive the customer examination data from the customer diagnostic center over a network and allow the customer examination data to be accessed by an eye-care practitioner. A practitioner device associated with the eye-care practitioner is configured to receive the customer examination data from the diagnostic center server and display at least a portion of the customer examination data to the eye-care practitioner. Customer evaluation data is generated pertaining to the eye-care practitioner's evaluation of the customer examination data. An eye health report is provided to the customer via the network.

Abstract: A method of providing a graphical output may include scanning at least a portion of a user's face using a sensor; generating a depth map using the scan; and determining a similarity score between the depth map and a set of stored biometric identity maps that are associated with a registered user. In response to the similarity score exceeding a threshold, the user may be authenticated as the registered user. The method may further determine a corrective eyewear scenario, select a display profile that is associated with the corrective eyewear scenario, and generate a graphical output in accordance with the selected display profile.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and apparatus for making a determination about an eye in ambient lighting conditions comprising detecting ambient light reflected out of an eye of a subject from a retina of the eye of the subject and making a determination about the eye of the subject based upon the reflected ambient light.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are computer systems for, in part, image processing. Also disclosed herein are systems for processing ocular images of multiple imaging modalities to detect ocular diseases. Also disclosed herein are method comprising systems as described herein.

Abstract: Embodiments of the systems can be configured to receive electromagnetic emissions of a substrate (e.g., a build material of a part being made via additive manufacturing) by a detector (e.g., a multi-spectral sensor) and generate a ratio of the electromagnetic emissions to perform spectral analysis with a reduced dependence on location and orientation of a surface of the substrate relative to the multi-spectral sensor. The additive manufacturing process can involve use of a laser to generate a laser beam for fusion of the build material into the part. The system can be configured to set the multi-spectral sensor off-axis with respect to the laser (e.g., an optical path of the multi-spectral sensor is at an angle that is different than the angle of incidence of the laser beam). This can allow the multi-spectral sensor to collect spectral data simultaneously as the laser is used to build the part.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-implemented method of determining a parameter indicative of dark adaptation of an eye, comprising receiving threshold data from a dark adaptometer indicative of a perception threshold of the eye, fitting first and second models to the threshold data, wherein the first model is associated with a first dark adaptation mechanism and the second model is associated with the first dark adaption mechanism and a second dark adaptation mechanism, determining a confidence associated with the fitting of each of the first and second models to the received threshold data, iteratively repeating the steps of receiving the threshold data and fitting the first and second models in dependence on the determined confidence, and outputting an indication of one or more parameters indicative of dark adaptation of an eye associated with one or both of the first and second models.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an apparatus includes a processor and a memory. The processor performs a learning process of a neural network including a batch normalization layer. The processor sets up the neural network. The processor updates, in the learning process, a weight parameter and a normalization parameter, used in the normalization of the batch normalization layer, alternately or at different timings.

Abstract: A measurement apparatus for measuring a laser focus spot size, which includes a two-dimensional image detector and an imaging system which forms a magnified image of a focus spot located an object plane onto the image detector. The imaging system includes at least an objective lens. A sealed liquid container is secured over a part of the objective lens such as the optical surface of the objective lens is immersed in the liquid (e.g. water) within the container. The liquid container has a window through which the laser beam enters. An image processing method is also disclosed which processes the image obtained by the image detector to obtain the focus spot size while implementing an algorithm that corrects for the effect of ambient vibration.

Abstract: A method and a device allow to determine the contrast sensitivity threshold of the eyes of a user in an automatic manner without requiring an experienced examiner or active attention of the user. The method includes: a) providing a dataset of track data including data of eye movements, wherein the eye movements are stimulated to elicit an optokinetic nystagmus in the eyes of the user and wherein the track data are related to a particular contrast and spatial frequency of the stimulus; b) estimating at least one velocity component of the eye movement; c) comparing the velocity component with a velocity threshold; d) comparing a fraction of the track data which exceed the velocity threshold with a fractional threshold for the dataset, which is classified as eliciting the optokinetic nystagmus at the particular contrast of the stimulus; and e) determining the contrast sensitivity threshold of the eyes of the user.

Abstract: Methods for dispensing eyeglasses are disclosed. The methods involve making a subjective refraction and an objective refraction and Sending the information to a calculation computer to combine both retractions to calculate the person's prescription. The person's prescription is subsequently sent to a manufacturing location separate from the calculation computer for manufacture of the lenses.

Abstract: A method of predicting a blood glucose level of a user, comprising: obtaining, by an image capturing device, an iris image of the user; training a first convolutional neural network of a computing device using the iris image as an input to obtain a classification of the iris image; training a second convolutional neural network of the computing device using the classification and the iris image to extract an iris feature vector; and predicting, by the computing device, the blood glucose level of the user based on the iris feature vector.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic apparatus of an embodiment example includes a front image acquiring device, a first search processor, and a second search processor. The front image acquiring device is configured to acquire a front image of a fundus of a subject's eye. The first search processor is configured to search for an interested region corresponding to an interested site of the fundus based on a brightness variation in the front image. The second search processor is configured to search for the interested region by template matching between the front image and a template image in the event that the interested region has not been detected by the first search processor.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for using a precision ultrasound scanning device to image the anterior segment of the human eye, automatically locate the scleral spur, and, using the scleral spur as a fiduciary, to automatically make measurements in front of and behind the iris. The scleral spur can be used as a fiduciary to make measurements that characterize the normal and abnormal shapes of components within this region of the anterior segment of the eye. One or more of the measurements of the iridocorneal angle and the anterior chamber depth can be related to other measurements behind the iris including the iris lens contact distance, the iris zonule distance and the trabecular ciliary process distance. Over a period of time, these measurements can change and can indicate a change, or be a precursor for a change, of intraocular pressure (IOP), and therefore can determine an earlier onset of glaucoma.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject.