Abstract: In a simulator for helicopters, the images seen are displayed through the bottom windows by means of a system collimated to infinity, including, for each side of the cockpit, a projector (15, 16), a spherical mirror (12, 13) and a screen (17, 18).

Abstract: A screen simulator window having a window aperture through which a scene may be viewed with a partial screen arranged immediately behind the window. The screen consists of alternately opaque screen portions and transparent screen portions. The adjacent screen portions are transposed at a speed such that the presence of the screen is not apparent to the eye of the viewer. A projector projects a scene onto rear sections of the opaque screen portions extending away from the window. A mirror behind the partial screen is viewable through the window. The scene projected onto the rear surface of the opaque screen portions is visible in the mirror and viewable through the window.

Abstract: An array of sound transducers where sound producing groups made up of one or more of the sound transducers may be separately driven so as to spatially reproduce a live performance. Flat sound transducers having sound producing diaphragms with a reflective surface may be employed so that the collective flat sound transducers may provide an image projection surface. The sound producing groups in the array of sound transducers may also be controlled so that the audio tracks the video or the location of a live performer.

Abstract: A transmissive original projecting apparatus has an illuminator for illuminating a transmissive original, a projector for directing light transmitted through the transmissive original to the original supportion portion of an original reading apparatus, and a connecting device for connecting the illuminating illuminator and the projector together.

Abstract: A glass stage for use as an upper stage in an overhead type projector system. The glass stage includes a rectangular frame body having substantially the same dimension as that of a lower stage of a projector, a lower transparent plate fixed to the rectangular frame body, and an upper transparent plate which pushes a strip film onto the lower transparent plate. The upper plate is rotatably supported by brackets provided on the frame body. Each of the brackets is provided with a longitudinal hole which engages with hinge pins for guiding movement of the upper transparent plate in a drawing direction thereof. The longitudinal hole is provided with a portion inclined downwardly at an end of a pushing side of the upper transparent plate. The rectangular frame body is provided at one side portion thereof with small holes through which the upper stage-fitting pins are to be snugly fitted.

Abstract: A screen-forming sphere is made of a front translucent half-sphere and of a rear half-sphere which is opaque except in a central region. An image projector is situated behind the screen and has a front face comprising a platen mounted in front of the optic of the image projector. The platen contains a rotary polarization filter rotated by a first motor. The filter is occultable by a rotary flap mounted on spindles rigidly connected to two rotary vertically aligned disc members which rotate in synchronism under action of a second motor.

Abstract: A microfilm reader which has an optical system for magnifying and projecting an image recorded on a film contained a cassette onto a viewing screen mounted on a pivot shaft of a casing having a generally rectangular flattened box-like configuration of the microfilm reader for folding and unfolding movement comprises a cassette holder, a microfilm driving device for transporting the microfilm so as to place a frame of the microfilm of which an image is to be projected, a reflection mirror supported by the casing for sliding movement so as to be foldable in order to turn the projected image toward the viewing screen, a top cover mounted on and supported by the casing for folding and unfolding movement which is slidably engaged with a top end of the viewing screen so as to define a dark space behind the viewing screen in cooperation therewith when the viewing screen is unfolded and to cover and protect the viewing screen when the viewing screen is folded, and linking device interconnecting the viewing screen and

Abstract: A microfilm reader which has an optical system for magnifying and projecting an image recorded on a film contained a cassette onto a viewing screen mounted on a pivot shaft of a casing having a generally rectangular flattened box-like configuration of the microfilm reader for folding and unfolding movement comprises a cassette holder, a microfilm driving device for transporting the microfilm so as to place a frame of the microfilm of which an image is to be projected, a reflection mirror supported by the casing for sliding movement so as to be foldable in order to turn the projected image toward the viewing screen, a top cover mounted on and supported by the casing for folding and unfolding movement which is slidably engaged with a top end of the viewing screen so as to define a dark space behind the viewing screen in cooperation therewith when the viewing screen is unfolded and to cover and protect the viewing screen when the viewing screen is folded, and linking device interconnecting the viewing screen and

Abstract: A folding slide viewer has a rear projection screen which swings into a ft position for storage. In a second, operating position, the projection screen it is provided with a lightproof bellows. The optical axis of the lens system is inclined at an angle with respect to the horizontal base of the housing. A reflector is along the optical axis of the lens system, when the screen is in its operating position, to reflect an image onto the screen. An image trap is swingable between a first position perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the slide magazine and a second position perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens system.

Abstract: An improved portable opaque projector with superior performance and portability is characterized by a transportable mode and an operable mode. When in its operable mode the top is removed and a removable mirror is mounted to the projection lens, and the projector sides are extended. Improved means for mounting a mirror proximate the extendable projection lens and in fixed vertical relationship thereto as the lens is rotatably extended for focusing, is provided. An improved mirror structure for preventing non-planar distortion of the mirror surface is also provided.

Abstract: A video rear-screen projection apparatus includes a housing accommodating a fixedly arranged cathode-ray tube unit which is provided with a projection lens and which is secured to a frame. The apparatus also includes a first mirror pivotally connected to the housing so that the mirror can be located entirely inside the housing or can be extended with its reflecting surface facing the projection lens. The apparatus further includes a transparent screen which extends in the direction of width of the housing and is pivotally associated with a pivot on the frame, and also includes a second mirror pivotally associated with the housing. The screen and the two mirrors are arranged such that they can be extended so that the light rays from the cathode-ray tube strike the transparent screen or can be folded so that they are located inside the housing.

Abstract: A micro-reader which comprises a generally rectangular box-like, flattened casing a slide frame slidably supported by the casing for movement between retracted and extended positions, a light-permeable screen mounted on and supported by the casing for movement between folded and erected positions, and a reflective mirror member carried by the slide frame for movement between laid-down and upright positions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a video projection system (18) suitable for mounting in the ceiling of the passenger compartment of an aircraft for displaying video images for passengers embarked on the aircraft. The video projection system includes a video projector (19) positioned to project video images through an opening in the ceiling, a light deflector (21) positioned to deflect the light from the video projector along a different path, and a projection screen (23) positioned to receive and display the deflected video images. Various embodiments are disclosed wherein the light deflector and/or projection screen are mounted for movement from stowed to deployed positions, the deflector and/or projection screen being movable in a controlled manner that does not pose a significant safety hazard.

Abstract: A microform-reader which comprises a generally rectangular box-like, flattened casing a slide frame slidably supported by the casing for movement between retracted and extended positions, a light-permeable screen mounted on and supported by the casing for movement between folded and erected positions, and a reflective mirror member carried by the slide frame for movement between laid-down and upright positions.

Abstract: A desk top microfilm reader for use on horizontal flat surfaces having a housing structure which encloses projection means and microfilm receiving means. A supporting arm extends from the housing structure to reflect images projected from the housing structure onto a flat planar surface which is only optically connected to the projection means. Both the microfilm and the projection surface are in horizontal planes.

Abstract: A system for image generation is provided which includes a device for controlling the sweep voltages of a CRT so that realistic views of the earth can be projected on a curved screen surface from a flat transparency and for generating a haze band between the earth and sky interface of the projected scene. The preferred embodiment is an aircraft flight simulator in which real world scenes are projected and updated in accordance with simulated aircraft maneuvers. Various visual flight cures are or can be presented to an operator during training. These flight cues include a dynamic haze or cloud band along the projection of the earth and sky interface. The system permits image projection with six degrees of freedom (yaw, pitch, roll, altitude, north/south and east/west vector components) over simulated terrain. In the preferred embodiment, the haze or cloud band generation is accomplished so that it is compatible with a single projector technique.

Abstract: A composite apparatus for the direct projection and overhead or back-projection of slides comprises a box containing a source of light with a projection lens, an overhead or back-projection screen and a mirror for reflecting, towards this overhead or back-projection screen, the light beam issuing from the lens.The means ensuring the displacement of the mirror likewise provoke a displacement to take the mirror outside the box at a distance from the lens which is a function of the focal distance thereof and which is greater than that at which the mirror lies in the case of direct projection. The overhead or back-projection screen is articulated on the upper face of the box, about a horizontal, transverse pin, so as to be able to be opened into a position inclined upwardly and forwardly, to receive the light beam reflected upwardly and rearwardly by the mirror.

Abstract: A collapsible display is provided for the projection of visual images. The device according to this invention is a display apparatus which is collapsible from an operating condition to a compact storage condition. In use, the device provides a housing for a projector and includes an internal projection screen. Collapsibility is achieved by providing a number of hinged panels which are stacked in the storage condition but deployed to define the surfaces of the projection device when in use. This display device is easily transported and stored when not in use.

Abstract: An improved optical projection viewing system is provided with a novel wide projection angle relay projection lens and a novel magnifying biocular viewing lens. The magnifying biocular viewing lens has non-symmetric front and rear biconvex surfaces having a uniform field distance when viewing the entire image on the viewing screen. The biocular viewing lens has positive distortion and color separation which is compensated for by negative distortion and color separation provided in the relay projection lens.

Abstract: A portable opaque projector is characterized by a transportable mode and an operable mode. When in its transportable mode, the projector has the configuration of a compact hexahedron; when in its operable mode the top and sides of the projector are opened up, and a mirror is mounted to the top.

Abstract: An optical projection viewing system of the type having a rotating lenticular screen mounted in an adjustable viewing housing is provided. The height of the front of the viewing housing is adjustable up and down to adjust to the proper eye level of the user. The optical path of the system is provided with structure which automatically changes the direction of the optical path to automatically adjust for height adjustment of the viewing housing.

Abstract: A microform viewer has a case section pivotally mounting a screen, to move from a collapsed position to a viewing position, and slidably receiving a two-part projection section that telescopes into the case section. As the projection section moves into and out of the case section it positively drives the screen between collapsed and display positions. The projection section is made of two mutually separable housings that fit together along the film path so that when the two housings are separated the two pressure plates forming part of the film path are readily accessible.

Abstract: A lighting device for uniformly illuminating transparencies. The device comprises an open-ended, rectangular parallelepiped-shaped housing having specularly reflective interior surfaces and a partially reflecting/diffusing opal glass screen positioned over the housing open end. An elongated electronic flash tube is mounted within the housing in a manner whereby a substantially uniform illumination is provided at the exterior surface of the opal glass screen when the flash tube is fired.

Abstract: The film image is illuminated by the bulb or by ambient light admitted through an aperture on the top of the viewer. The image is projected on a folded light path onto a screen pivotally mounted on the underside of the upper housing to depend into the viewing chamber in the lower housing. The lower housing is pivotally connected to the upper housing and contains a power mirror reflecting the image on the screen into the eyes of the user. When the lower housing is folded (collapsed) over the upper housing the screen pivots into the space between the housings. The screen pivot is moveable to change the screen distance from the power mirror (and the film stage), to adjust the toe-in required of the viewers' eyes for optimism viewing comfort. The microfiche carrier mechanism is generally U-shaped to straddle the light path to the film stage and is positively driven back and forth relative to the housing film stage and engages the fiche on each side of the light path to move the fiche laterally.

Abstract: A microfiche reader assembly especially suitable for use in a desk drawer of typical size is disclosed herein. This assembly includes a housing, a projection screen, a microfiche support arrangement for supporting a microfiche for movement within a given rectangular operating area and an optical arrangement cooperating with the supported microfiche for projecting an enlarged image of a section of the microfiche on to the screen when the microfiche is in its operating area. While this assembly requires more room than the standard desk drawer allots during use, it is made sufficiently collapsible to fit entirely within the confines of the drawer when not in use so as to allow the drawer to be closed. However, at the same time, the assembly is expandable for use within the drawer when the latter is opened, whereby the assembly does not have to be removed.

Abstract: A vibration stabilized image projection system includes a viewing screen supported on a vibratory platform, an image projector supported off the platform in a relatively vibration-free environment for projecting an image toward the screen, and an image stabilizing lens interposed between the projector and screeen for providing an optical link between them. The stabilizing lens is supported on the platform for undergoing vibratory movement therewith in X, Y and/or Z planes and relative to the projector. The lens focuses the image at a stationary position on the screen as the stabilizing lens, screen and platform undergo vibratory movement relative to the projector.

Abstract: The microfiche projector enlarges the image onto the flat white undersurface of the top panel of the enclosure which has a flat black interior. The viewer sees the image reflected in the adjustable 45.degree. mirror. The apparent image is about 50" in front of the user to reduce eye fatigue. The image is non-directional which allows considerable movement of the user.

Abstract: A rotary screen mounted in the median area of a preferably spherical enclosure, the rear face of which being made opaque except in its central portion, while its front face is perfectly transparent, a projector being placed rearwardly of the enclosure in central axis of the portion which is not opaque in order to enable light rays from the prospector to pass through the enclosure to reach the rotary screen.

Abstract: A desk top microfilm reader and work station having a rectangular base enclosing a film housing and projection system. The base has a flat top surface which functions as an operator work surface and an image projection surface. A support arm rises vertically from the base and a hood is attached near the top of the support arm. There are illumination lamps and a mirror in the hood. The lamps illuminate the work surface and are turned off when a micro image is to be projected onto the image projection surface. The optical projection path from the projection system to the mirror in the hood and back to the projection surface is unenclosed.

Abstract: A motion picture projector in which projector mechanisms are incorporated in the body of a carrying case, the opening of which is covered by a panel structure on which a reel setting portion and an operation board are disposed. The panel structure is provided with a projection window through which a light beam from the projector mechanisms is projected. A cover attached to the case body by hinge means is provided in the inside thereof with a rear-projection screen assembly, which is adapted to engage the case body and to be supported in a predetermined angle together with the case cover when unfolded. A light beam from the projection window is reflected by a mirror disposed in the inside of the case cover so as to be projected on the screen assembly. A projector in accordance with the present invention is formed in a readily portable shape and has high versatility because films wound upon usual open-type reels are available. In addition, the projected image is easy to see because of the large screen size.

Abstract: A collapsible viewing device for viewing microfilm consists of a carrying case with a bottom part to which is hinged a lid. The case includes a viewing screen, a supply of light, a lever assembly and a spring assembly which, upon opening of the lid, automatically activates the light, moves the screen into its reading position and releasably locks the screen in its viewing position. Closing of the lid against the action of the spring assembly returns the screen into the position in the bottom part of the case against the action of the spring assembly and disconnects the light.

Abstract: A collapsible microfilm reader having a lower body part with a micro-fiche projector and a cover hinged thereto and having a rectangular projection surface or screen on its inner surface which is operatively positioned when the cover is in its open position. The hinge or hinges which connect the body and cover are readily disconnectable and connectable so that the cover can selectively be mounted on the body with the long or short axis of the screen aligned with the central axis of the projector thereby permitting the optimum projection of micro-fiches of different formats by changing when necessary the orientation of the positioning of the cover on the body rather than requiring different positioning of micro-fiches of different formats with respect to the projector.

Abstract: A portable microfiche reader that has a lens and mirror assembly in a housing, pivotally mounted to swing between two positions. When the assembly is swung into one stable position, the mirror and lens system is stored in a position where it interposes no added thickness to the microfiche reader case. When the assembly is swung into another stable position, the lens and mirror are accurately positioned with respect to a microfiche in a reading position. This way, the reader case may be designed to have only the minimum thickness required by the screen, microfiche carriage, and light source. Automatic means are provided to open the fiche-holding glass flats when the carrier is moved forward.

Abstract: Portable microfilm reader having a body with a microfilm holder, a projection lamp, a foldable reflecting mirror, a hinged cover, and a projection surface or screen on the inside of the cover. The invention provides means for automatically erecting the mirror when the cover is opened, and automatically folding the mirror when the cover is closed. Means is also provided for automatically turning the projection lamp off when the cover is closed.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing a design on a flat surface by etching and/or selective plating. The design is transferred to the flat surface by progressively projecting successive narrow transverse images of the design from a rectangular transparency and progressively rotating the flat surface about an axis such that the narrow images of the design are successively projected upon and received by corresponding radial portions of the flat surface which is or has been photosensitized. The design appears on the flat surface in a foreshortened circular form. The flat surface is adapted for subsequent formation into an arcuate surface bearing the design in relatively undistorted form.

Abstract: A projector for visual images which may be used for projection upon its own base or a wall. The projector has a base, an upstanding column, an adjustable arm and a projection housing. The projector is battery powered and the batteries are connected to the projection lamp through contacts disposed on the base and in the vertical column. The projector is operable at any column height setting.

Abstract: The portable projector has a drawer which is pulled forward for use and to gain access to the opal glass rear projection screen which is inserted into the slot in the front of the drawer. The projection lens is removed from its storage compartment in the drawer and threaded into the optical housing after it has been pivoted to its upright position. A selected microfiche is inserted in the slot between the optical housing and the lensboard and is retained in selected position by friction from velour facings in the slot. The bulb is low voltage, low power to permit use of battery power or line voltage through a transformer. If the opal glass is not used, the image can be projected on a light colored surface within the limitations of the bulb intensity and ambient light.

Abstract: A relatively low, narrow, and long table, such as a coffee table, is provided, having a storage cabinet under each end of the table top for the storage of equipment, in this instance photographic equipment such as cameras, projectors, slide trays, motion picture film, etc., etc. This table is provided with a portion of the top at one end over one cabinet cut-out and hinged to the top so that it may be hinged to rest 180.degree. in plane with the top and on which when thus extended, is a film or slide projector. The other end of the table top is also provided with a cut-out portion which is hinged to the end of a telescopically mounted section, slidable out the end of the table so that the cut-out portion may hinge upwardly to a vertical plane and act as a screen to receive pictures as projected from the projector at the other end of the table.The table is on caster wheels so that it may be moved anywhere in a room for the convenience of all viewers.

Abstract: A film reader include a lower casing accommodating a light source and an optical illuminator, and an upper casing enclosing a reflection type screen, the upper casing being collapsible and having an opening for observing the reflection type screen. A filter is disposed in the opening. One end of the filter is pivotably mounted to the upper casing and the other end of the filter is detachably mounted.

Abstract: In an optical transformation drawing apparatus in which an image is projected by a projector on to a rear face of a projection screen so that a draftsman can trace on the front face of the screen the image transmitted through the screen, both the projection screen and a projector support frame supporting the projector are mounted on a fixed frame to pivot about an axis with the projector support frame and the projector thereon acting as a counterweight for the screen and with the projector support frame arranged parallel to the pivot axis, a mirror being provided to deflect the image from the projector on to the rear face of the screen.

Abstract: A projector case assembly designed for use with a projector system which utilizes a system of mirrors to provide enlarged panoramic viewing. The projector case assembly is designed to accommodate any standard movie or slide projector and it serves as both support means during the time of actual projection and as a storage means when the equipment is not in use.

Abstract: A portable opaque projector is characterized by a transportable mode and an operable mode. When in its transportable mode, the projector has the configuration of a compact hexahedron; when in its operable mode the top and sides of the projector are opened up, and a mirror is mounted to the top.