Abstract: Encoding element (100) at least selectively transparent to an infrared or ultraviolet light radiation, incident thereon on a first incidence surface (101), wherein—in the volume defined by said encoding element (100)—a plurality of areas (104) is provided, previously selected and arranged according to a predefined pattern wherein at least one polarisation characteristic of the optical radiation (200) that is incident thereon is varied, wherein the variation of said polarisation characteristic of said incident radiation is varied according to a localised alteration pattern biunivocally associated to a predefined ciphering key, and wherein said plurality of areas is arranged between said first incidence surface (101) on which said infrared or ultraviolet light radiation is incident in use, and a second output surface (102) of said infrared or ultraviolet light optical radiation.

Abstract: Method of patterning a surface of an object or a tool with nano and/or micro structure elements having dimensions in a range of 1 nanometer to 1 millimeter, comprising the steps of producing a flexible mask with said nano or micro structure pattern formed on a surface of said flexible mask, chemically activating said surface of the flexible mask and/or said surface to be patterned of the tool, placing said patterned surface of the flexible mask in contact with said surface to be patterned of the object or tool, promoting a covalent bonding reaction between said patterned surface of the flexible mask in contact with said surface to be patterned, removing the flexible mask from the tool whereby a layer of said flexible mask remains bonded to said surface to be patterned of the tool, etching said surface to be patterned of the tool whereby the bonded layer of flexible mask material resists etching.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition suitable for use as a release-optimized material for nanoimprint processes, process of production and uses thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a display substrate. The display substrate includes a substrate having a display area and a border area surrounding the display area; a non-black photo-resist layer formed on the substrate in the border area; and a black photo-resist layer formed on the non-black photo-resist layer. The non-black photo-resist layer interfaces the black photo-resist layer with a diffusion structure.

Abstract: A digital stereo imaging photosensitive device for a grating and a photosensitive material, includes: a photosensitive platform (8), connected with a base via a platform moving mechanism; a compressing mechanism (7) mounted on the photosensitive platform, wherein a grating (5) is positioned on the compressing mechanism; a LCD displayer (2) suspending above the photosensitive platform; and a lens suspending above the photosensitive platform via a lens moving mechanism, wherein the lens is under the LCD displayer. And a method for digital stereo projection is also provided.

Abstract: A photosensing device for digital stereo spliced picture projection imaging comprises a base (16), a front (43) and a back (25) wall plates located on the base (16), an light sensing platform (24) located slidably on the base (16), an exposure head (1) located above the front (43) and the back (25) wall plates, a longitudinal moving mechanism for moving the exposure head (1), a lateral moving mechanism for connecting the longitudinal moving mechanism with the front (43) and the back (25) wall plates, a pushing equipment located on the light sensing platform (24), a paper feeder located on a side of the light sensing platform (24), and a paper discharging mechanism located on the other side of the light sensing platform (24). The invention improves the resolution and the quality of the digital stereo image effectively. The device has an advantage of automatic process operation.

Abstract: A device for mounting a grating and a photosensitive material for stereoprojection imaging, includes: an enlarging-printing platform; and an exposure head positioned above the enlarging-printing platform; wherein the enlarging-printing platform is a chamber structure, and has a plurality of suction holes provided on an upper surface thereof and at least one exhaust port provided on a side connected with an exhaust device; the device for mounting the grating and the photosensitive material for stereoprojection imaging further includes a compressing mechanism connected with the upper surface. The device for mounting the grating and the photosensitive material provides a real-time composite device for developing stereopictures. With the mounting device, the grating and photosensitive photographic paper need either being combined beforehand, or being developed with the grating after exposure.

Abstract: A system for forming a plurality of polymer waveguides includes at least one collimated light source adapted to produce a plurality of collimated light beams; a channel having an exposure area for the collimated light beams to pass through and for holding a photo-monomer adapted to polymerize when exposed to the collimated light beams, the photo-monomer moving with respect to the plurality of collimated light beams; and a mask disposed between the at least one collimated light source and the photo-monomer. A method for forming a plurality of polymer waveguides includes moving a mask across an exposure area of a channel containing a photo-monomer; exposing the photo-monomer to collimated light through the exposure area of the channel; growing the plurality of polymer waveguides from the exposure area into the photo-monomer to form an interconnected ordered three-dimensional polymer micro-truss structure; and removing the ordered 3D polymer micro-truss structure from the channel.

Abstract: A second substrate, e.g. a III/V compound semiconductor, is placed on a first substrate, e.g. a wafer, in the vicinity of placement marks on the first substrate. The second substrate is exposed to patterned radiation, e.g. for the manufacture of integrated circuits.

Abstract: An exposure assembly and an exposure installation for exposing a double-sided printed circuit panel to light through a first and a second artwork, including at least one exposure assembly having a frame, a first and a second artwork support, means for moving closer/separating for the artwork supports, and means for holding the printed circuit panel. The installation furthermore includes an optical detection device for detecting position errors, a light source, and an optical device for directing a light beam emitted by said light source. The exposure assembly furthermore has a common displacement device making it possible to jointly displace the artwork supports, and a separate displacement device making it possible to displace the second artwork support with respect to the first artwork support.

Abstract: The invention relates to an installation for exposing a double-sided printed circuit card to light through artworks. The installation comprises a first artwork-support (10) that is fixed, a second artwork (14) that is movable, vertical displacement means (26, 28) for moving the second support, and mechanical connection means between the displacement means and the second support, the first and second supports having relative positioning members (12, 24) suitable for mutual co-operation when the two supports are in the working position.

Abstract: A system for producing prints of a professional motion picture film by dye transfer, including a roll tank, a pin belt, and a transfer cabinet. A dye imbibed matrix film and blank film are superimposed together in a predetermined registration by rollers in the roll tank, creating a two-film sandwich, which is directed onto the pin belt. The pin belt includes a plurality of pins traveling in an orbital path, which detachably engage the two-film sandwich, thereby directing the two-film sandwich along a portion of the orbital path. The transfer cabinet includes a plurality of relatively large diameter rollers in a predetermined relationship to one another, and an elevator mechanism for adjusting the predetermined relationship. The rollers define a substantially rectilinear film path along which the two-film sandwich from the pin belt is directed. The film path has a length sufficient to allow complete dye transfer to occur at high drive speeds within the transfer cabinet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light exposure installation of a double-sided printed circuit plate through a first and a second artwork equipped with a location mark. It includes a first (10) and a second fixed supporting structure in a horizontal plane, a first and a second support of the first and second artworks (12), optical means for detecting the positioning errors between said circuit and said first and second supports, means for moving perpendicularly to its plane, one of said supports towards the other support, means (26, 28) arranged outside the unit made up of said supports and said circuit to maintain said circuit fixed in its plane with respect to said supporting structure; and means (20, 22) for moving independently said first support (12) with respect to said circuit and said second support with respect to said circuit depending on the detected positioning errors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light exposure installation of a double-sided printed circuit plate through a first and a second artwork equipped with a location mark. It includes a first and a second fixed supporting structure in a horizontal plane, a first and a second support of the first and second artworks, optical means for detecting the positioning errors between said circuit and said first and second supports, means for moving perpendicularly to its plane, one of said supports towards the other support, means arranged outside the unit made up of said supports and said circuit to maintain said circuit fixed in its plane with respect to said supporting structure; and means for moving independently said first support with respect to said circuit and said second support with respect to said circuit depending on the detected positioning errors.

Abstract: Bulk rolls of film are pre-exposed with a latent image of artwork positioned within a film frame. Multiple frames, each having an artwork image portion and an opaque portion, are formed within an imaging filmstrip formed in a continuous loop. The continuous loop is rotated while a portion of the filmstrip is in contact with a portion of the bulk film for transferring the artwork image from the filmstrip to the bulk film. The bulk film is advanced while a light source exposes the film when in contact with the filmstrip. The pre-exposed bulk roll of film is punched at preselected sprocket holes corresponding to the filmstrip length for providing a reference sprocket hole within each length of film cut from the bulk roll for loading within a camera for double exposure of the film and placement of a second latent image in juxtaposition with the artwork.

Abstract: In an exposing apparatus including an alignment stage A, an exposing stage B, transferring mechanisms 10 and 11 provided in the alignment stage and the exposing stage, a light source device 9, and an image-taking device for taking the images of the work W from the top of the work, the exposing apparatus further including a retaining mechanism for holding a mask film M from the top of the mask film, the retaining mechanism comprising a suction unit 5a for sucking the mask film, a supporting arm 17 for supporting the suction unit so as to be movable up and down, a first driving device 14 for moving the supporting arm up and down, a second driving device vice 15 for moving the first driving device up and down, and a stopper supporting unit 20 for fixing and supporting the suction unit at a predetermined position of the suction unit, so that this apparatus occupies a small space, and the work is accurately aligned with the mask film, and the upper and lower frames do not need to be opened and closed in the alignm

Abstract: A process and device for adjusting distance for purposes of parallel positioning of a workpiece relative to a mask at a preset distance in which production can be done easily and with low costs. A workpiece is held at a distance from a mask on a work-holding fixture and one of the work-holding fixture and a mask carrier carrying the mask is moved by a moving device toward the other to bring the workpiece comes into contact with the mask. After such contact has occurred, movement of the moving device is continued until a signal is transmitted to a system controller from each of at least three alignment devices which are arranged on the work-holding fixture or the mask carrier, the alignment devices having calibration device which essentially begin to move beginning at a time at which the workpiece and mask come into contact with one another and can no longer execute any further relative movement.

Abstract: An optical lithographic device having a machine frame (1) to which is fastened a lens system (11) having a vertical optical main axis (13). Below the lens system (11), a positioning device (35) is fastened on a support member (3) of the machine frame (1), by means of which device an object table (27) is displaceable relative to the lens system (11) over a guide surface (5) of the support member (3) extending perpendicular to the optical main axis (13).The device is provided with a force actuator system (67) fastened to a reference frame (83) and controlled by a feedforward control system (95). The force actuator system (67) exerts a compensatory force on the support member (3) with a direction opposite to a direction of a reaction force simultaneously exerted by the positioning device (35) on the support member (3), and with a value which is substantially equal to a value of the said reaction force.

Abstract: A step and repeat system which does not require restripping of an image to reposition it either vertically or horizontally. The image is secured to a substrate which is provided with two holes spaced a distance apart equal to the desired horizontal stepping distance. The substrate, with or without stripping tabs, is secured to fraction spacers having two base pins which fit in uniformly spaced holes on a horizontal stepping strip and having fraction pins which can be selected to precisely match the horizontal stepping distance. The horizontal stepping strip with attached substrate and image can be vertically repositioned on a step and repeat board to a second spaced vertical position with the use of interfacing holes on the stepping strip and the step and repeat board, register control being maintained with vertical position pins sized to match the holes. Horizontal stepping can be achieved with a change in fraction spacers.

Abstract: A device for supplying/discharging PS plates in an inclined-type step and repeat machine having a rearwardly inclined exposing table which includes a supplying holder disposed on a side of the exposing table for supplying the PS plate thereto, the holder having a surface thereof rearwardly inclined at the same angle with respect to the horizontal as that of a surface of the exposing table, a pair of endless chains respectivley disposed along both side edges of the holder and adapted to move up and down longitudinally of the holder in synchronism with each other, metal support supported by the chains at both ends thereof, support bars also supported by the chains at respective both ends thereof via metal pieces the chains being driven to move up while carrying the PS plate which is being held by the metal support and support bars, and a guide provided on the top of the supplying holder and bent backwardly for guiding upward the plate being discharged.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of printing through a contact exposure in a step-and-repeat machine which is constituted by a photosensitive material holder for supporting a photosensitive material, an original film holder having a transparent base plate for fixedly holding an original film and having a holder frame defining a first chamber between the photosensitive material holder and the base plate, first suction means for holding the original film on the base plate, second suction means for evacuating air within the first chamber, and a light source disposed behind the original film for exposing the photosensitive material through the original film.

Abstract: A contact printer includes a printing table for mounting of photosensitive material thereon, a framework for supporting a light-transmitting plate, a packing, a conveyor belt for movement of an original in X and Y-directions, and an air-blowing nozzle and drive means for open and close operation of the framework. The framework is held at a position where it is in a slightly opened state during movement of the original, supported by the blown air in order to prevent the photosensitive material from being damaged and to insure accurate positioning of the original.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for exposing a film of radiation sensitive material overlying a substrate to a pattern of radiation utilizes proximity focusing of a mask pattern onto the film and step and repeat techniques for exposing the entire area of the film to be exposed. The apparatus includes a source of radiation, a substrate holder supporting the substrate with the film of radiation sensitive material thereon in the path of the radiation, and a mask holder for supporting the mask intermediate the radiation source and the film in close proximity thereto for proximity focusing the mask pattern onto the film. A stepping means incrementally moves the mask relative to the substrate to permit exposure of the film area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous and automatic operation control method and apparatus for an automatic photo-composer, and is composed mainly of the steps of attaching a mark such as a bar code on a photographic original plate prior to the printing work by a photo-composer, setting up the predetermined amount of a photographic original plate and a photosensitive plate in a holder of the automatic photo-composer, reading the contents of the mark attached on each photographic original plate by a mark reader arranged in the photo-composer after starting to operate the photo-composer, and causing the automatic photo-composer to execute processes necessary for the photographic original plate in accordance with the computer program.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for producing a set of color correction masks on a single piece of masking film, or a set of color separation negatives on a single piece of separation negative film. The set of masks or set of negatives may be exposed so that each entire set may be developed simultaneously under identical development conditions. This is accomplished by determining a development time which provides substantially identical or other desired contrast indices for all of the masks or negatives in a set. The exposure time required for each mask or negative in the set is then determined so that the color components of the exposures will be balanced in the manner desired when the exposures are developed for the predetermined development time. The exposures may then be made in the apparatus provided for that purpose.The apparatus of the invention includes means for rotating a slide transparency and an opaque shield to expose four quadrants of a single piece of film in sequence.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a first conveyor mechanism for reciprocating movements on a straight line and a second conveyer mechanism for reciprocating movements in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the first conveyer mechanism, necessary positioning being carried out by moving an original film in both X- and Y-directions in relation to a photosensitive material, a printing operation being carried out on a table by bringing the original film into contact with the photosensitive material, and the original film being fixed to the first conveyer mechanism.

Abstract: A mask aligner for aligning a wafer with a mask and exposing the wafer to an image of the mask, includes an illumination source for illuminating the mask, plural devices for executing plural functions of the aligner, a controller for controlling operation of the apparatus in accordance with a predetermined routine, a detector for automatically detecting a malfunction, a memory of plural routines for disposing of one kind of malfunction; a selector for manually selecting one of the routines; and another controller for controlling the apparatus in accordance with the selected routine, when the detector detects a malfunction.

Abstract: In an apparatus for printing a mask pattern on a wafer for manufacturing a semiconductor circuit element, the exposure of the mask pattern is effected by being divided into a plurality of times. Each time the divided exposure is effected, the relative positional relation of the mask pattern and the wafer is made to differ by a minute amount. Thereby, a mask pattern thinner than the line width of the mask pattern is formed on the wafer.

Abstract: A device for the precision positioning of substantially planar materials, especially for use in the lithographic arts. In particular, photographic masks are precisely located for superimposition on photosensitive films or lithographic printing plates held within the frame of a plate making machine.

Abstract: A projection exposure apparatus in which a mask and a wafer are displaced in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the projection optical system to form circuit patterns on the entire surface of the wafer. The mask and wafer are displaced along guides having two guide rails between which are provided means for compensating for non-linearity of one of the guide rails.

Abstract: An apparatus for moving a table or a stage having movable parts adapted to be guided by guide rail means slidingly and rectilinearly. At least the movable parts are made of a non-iron light metal material. The sliding surfaces of the movable parts making sliding contact with the guide rail means are made of a self-lubricating material, while the sliding surfaces of the guide rail means making sliding contact with the movable parts are made of a material having a higher hardness and wear resistance than the non-iron light metal material, so that the weight of at least the movable parts is reduced to decrease the weight of the apparatus as a whole.

Abstract: A photocomposer includes a fixed rearwardly inclined backboard for supporting a sensitized lithographic plate. To substantially reduce the weight of the backboard and its supporting structure, the main portion of the backboard is of cellular construction. Depressible register pins for positioning the lithographic plate are mounted on the backboard. Each pin is part of an assembly constructed to readily permit transverse adjustment of the pins.

Abstract: A high precision strip film drive, typically for microfiche film, that includes two spaced-apart drive rollers, separately driven by two servo electric motors. The motors are biased against each other and so maintain a constant tension on the film, while it is stationary or moving.The motors are logic controlled through a pair of rotary encoders. Each encoder is driven by one roller. The outputs of the encoders are combined to give a single servo control signal, devoid of film squew, for accurately spacing the frames upon the microfiche.The encoder electrical outputs are differently handled to provide film velocity information, and still further differently handled to provide direction of motion of the film information.Transverse orthogonal motion of the film is provided by a carriage that supports the rollers, a linear encoder, and a cable system actuated by a third servo motor.The encoder electrical outputs are even further differently handled to accurately finally position the film, as preselected.

Abstract: By providing a photographic original plate on which an original picture image and a light-shielding mask are formed, two identical pictures can be formed by exposing a sheet of photosensitive material with the original plate placed thereon and repeating the procedure after rotating the original plate 180 degrees about a point which is located outside of the picture image and the light-shielding mask. Though the two printed images are inverted relative to each other, the final prints are eventually cut apart along a central line and no problem arises. Through adoption of the method and the use of the novel photographic original plate, not only the printing process becomes simpler than conventional method but a better result in the final prints can be obtained.

Abstract: An open face vacuum light table with an associated overhead high intensity light source is provided with a movable, preferrably pivotable, framer structure capable of overlying either of two table surface areas, at least one of which is provided with an apparatus, for example a vacuum grid, for drawing lithographic work pieces into close contact for light induced image recordation on film or other light sensitive receiver. The frame may carry a clear sheet of stripping base material that also serves as the vacuum completing face of the vacuum grid. The table is provided with stripping pin grooves about the perimeter of the entire table, an entire sub-area, partially around the table or a sub-area. Apparatus for maintaining one face of the pivoted frame in coplanar relationship with either of the table areas over which the frame is located may include an elevator mechanism associated with one or both table areas or an eccentric pivot between the frame and table.

Abstract: A method of reading selected ones of an array of data frames from a microfiche medium substantially without errors attributable to misalignment of the frames. The method, which utilizes a microfiche reader-printer in adjusting for misalignment of the frames, includes the steps of determining the average distance between the frames along a first selected axis (e.g., the X-axis) of the array, and using said average distance in positioning the frames along the axis for reading. The frames are separated from each other by a predetermined nominal distance along the axis. The average distance is determined by dividing the distance between the outermost frames along the axis (the distance between the outermost frames being expressed in terms of the number of stepper motor steps needed to traverse said distance) by one less than the number of frames along said axis to produce a quotient, and adding the quotient to the predetermined nominal distance.

Abstract: A photographic system and a microcomputer based control system are provided for providing photographic exposures. An illumination control system for generating high registration photomasks is provided. A control system implemented with a monolithic microcomputer controls a photographic device through a minimal interface for high capability and economy.

Abstract: A step-and-repeat registration system is disclosed for making multiple-image plates for use in flexographic printers or the like. The negative which carries the image to be transferred to a light-sensitive film, is referenced with respect to a fixed frame. An incremental step registration system accurately positions the film at a succession of predetermined stations to bring different portions of the film opposite the negative. At each station the film is brought into contact with the negative and an exposure is made on the pertinent film portion, using a light source to project the image onto the film. The registration system provides high accuracy and lends itself to partial or complete automation.

Abstract: A machine and a control system are provided for generating high registration photomasks with a contact printing arrangement. Further, a unique control arrangement is provided for controlling a machine such as a high registration contact print machine or other type of machine. In a preferred embodiment, a control system generates signals to a step and repeat contact printing machine that exposes many prints of master die images on a photographic film, where these prints have a high registration characteristic. In a further embodiment a unique control arrangement is provided for machine control operations.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing identical flat carriers each having an identical representation thereon, by the steps of providing a plurality of individual representations on a flat material in a predetermined mutual relationship, providing at least two reference marks on the flat material in predetermined relationship with respect to the representations, mounting the flat material carrying the representations in a preset position relative to a punch device by means of the reference marks and successively punching out the individual carriers from the flat material by the punch device.

Abstract: Copying apparatus of the type in which an original after being passed through a copying path with a copy sheet can be either delivered away or passed back through a return path into the copying path for making another copy is provided with a simple and reliable system for adjustably positioning a side edge of the original, even if it is fragile, relative to a side edge of the copy sheet so that the position of the images on multiple copies will not vary from copy to copy.

Abstract: A microfiche or microfilm editing device in which a microfilm or microfiche to be edited is supported on a frame arranged to be driven in an x and y axis directions according to a program, the movements being relative to a copy axis. Also movable in relation to the copy axis is a microfiche holding means arranged to be driven by actuators in a similar fashion to the first microfiche or microfilm and according to a further program. In order to illuminate the image to be transferred to the first film to the second film a light source condenser and at least one light transfer block is arranged to project light along the copy axis. Several light transfer blocks may be mounted on a rotatable turret so that different blocks may be provided for different microfiche or microfilm standards.The editing device is arranged so that microfiches can be updated according to a set program or alternatively microfilm can be changed to microfiche or microfiches and one standard can be changed to microfiches of another standard.

Abstract: Apparatus for electrophotographically imaging a photosensitive film in which a fractional area of the film, selected by automatic or preprogrammed access, is electrostatically charged and thereafter exposed to a pattern of radiation, is moved along a path of travel to a second location at which the latent image is developed by the application of toning fluid, and is preferably returned along the path of travel to fix or fuse the developed image as a next adjacent area is indexed for exposure. Additional areas of the film may be sequentially imaged by repeating the above sequence or by reinserting the partially completed film at a later time and addressing any desired used or unused area.