Abstract: A head-mounted display (HMD) includes a dichroic element, an eye tracking system, a controller, and an external focus camera. The dichroic element is transmissive to the light in a first optical band (e.g., visible light) but reflective to light in a second optical band (e.g., IR light). The eye tracking system includes a source assembly and a tracking camera. The source assembly projects light in the second optical band into an eyebox of the HMD. The tracking camera captures images of at least a portion of a user's eye in the eyebox. The controller of the HMD determines a gaze direction of the user based on the captured images. An orientation of the external focus camera corresponds to the gaze direction. The external focus camera captures image data of a portion of a local area surrounding the HMD at the orientation.

Abstract: A divided-aperture infrared spectral imaging (DAISI) system that is structured to provide identification of target chemical content in a single imaging shot based on spectrally-multiplexed operation. The system is devoid of spectral scanning acquisition of infrared (IR) spectral signatures of target content with an IR detector and does not require content.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a chromaticity test method and a chromaticity test apparatus. The chromaticity test method comprises the following steps: S1: measuring a size of a pixel of a product to be tested; S2: determining an aperture of a light transmission hole for testing according to the size of the pixel measured in S1; and, S3: selecting a corresponding light transmission hole according to the aperture determined in S2 and then performing a chromaticity test on the product to be tested. By the chromaticity test method provided by the present invention, the waste of time resulted from the inappropriate selection of a light transmission hole is reduced, and the test efficiency is improved while the accuracy of testing is ensured.

Abstract: A reconfigurable high speed memory chip module includes a type of memory cell array group, a first transmission bus, and a logic unit. The type memory cell array group includes multiple memory cell array integrated circuits (ICs). The first transmission bus coupled to the type memory cell array group has a first programmable transmitting or receiving data rate, a first programmable transmitting or receiving signal swing, a first programmable bus width, and a combination thereof. The logic unit is coupled to the first transmission bus for accessing the type memory cell array group through the first transmission bus.

Abstract: A fault-tolerance through silicon via (TSV) interface is disposed in a three-dimensional random access memory (3-D RAM) with N memory layers and M data access path sets, and each of the memory layers containing K memory arrays, and each of the data access path sets containing a plurality of TSV paths connecting to the memory layers. The fault-tolerance TSV interface includes a path controlling unit and a processing unit. The path controlling unit detects and controls the data access path sets. When a fault occurs in any data access path set connecting to a memory layer, the processing unit provides at least two different fault-tolerance access configurations. In each of the fault-tolerance access configurations, ? data access path sets are enabled to access all K memory arrays in the corresponding memory layer, where 0<?<M.

Abstract: This invention is related to a light measuring apparatus and a method of using the device. It is used to measure various photometric quantities of the light emanating from a distant source of light.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system for optical detection of particles arranged in a viewing area suitable for being illuminated by radiation with a predetermined wavelength. The system includes an optical detector, and an assembly of metal plasmonic channels arranged in a single plane of which one end is close enough to the viewing area to allow optical information to be transferred from one end to the other of the channels. The channels are arranged such that the assembly forms an array for transferring optical information around the viewing area. The value of at least one spatial characteristic of the array is respectively lower and higher than the wavelength near the ends of the channels that are respectively close to and far away from the viewing area. The system includes an optical decoupler between the ends that are far away from the viewing area and the optical detector.

Abstract: An interface for a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) includes an interface element coupled to a DRAM chip using a first attachment structure, a first portion of the first attachment structure being used to form a wide bandwidth, low speed, parallel interface, a second portion of the first attachment structure, a routing element and a through silicon via (TSV) associated with the DRAM chip being used to form a narrow bandwidth, high speed, serial interface, the interface element configured to convert parallel information to serial information and configured to convert serial information to parallel information.

Abstract: A system and method for characterizing contributions to signal noise associated with charge-coupled devices adapted for use in biological analysis. Dark current contribution, readout offset contribution, photo response non-uniformity, and spurious charge contribution can be determined by the methods of the present teachings and used for signal correction by systems of the present teachings.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for estimating ore quality using color correlations is disclosed. The apparatus and method quantify ash or grade concentration in process streams arid/or samples in real time, allowing for the optimization of ore processing operations, The apparatus and method employ a light beam at a given wavelength, which allows for the measurement of ash content or grade.

Abstract: An imaging device (300), a lighting control system (400) including the imaging device (300), and a method for aligning with a reference image lighting of a site (220) illuminated by least one light source (240) are provided. The imaging device (300) and/or the lighting control system (400) include at least one processor (410) configured to control the imaging device (300) and the light source (240). The imaging device (300) has an array of reflectors (320) including selectable reflectors; a lens configured to receive image rays (330) for forming an image including pixels and provide the image rays (330) to the array of reflectors (320) for reflection as reflected rays (355); and a detector (310) configured to receive the reflected rays (355) and detect characteristics of each pixel of the image for form a resolved image. The processor (410) is further configured to sequentially select each reflector (350) of the array of reflectors (320) for reflecting the reflected rays (355) towards the detector (310).

Abstract: A light meter for measuring photometric quantities includes a telephotometer having a photo detector to receive light energy entering the telephotometer. A light metering valve, for the purpose of providing a variable field of view, is located in the body of the telephotometer generally at the focal plane of the objective lens of the telephotometer. A controller, which includes a digital processor in communication with the photo detector will process information from the photo detector and from a range finder included in the system to output light intensity of a target light source.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optically sensing the surrounding area of a vehicle using at least one optoelectronic emitting/receiving device that is mounted on the vehicle. According to the method, a monitoring area located in the field of vision of the emitting/receiving device is scanned and, in addition to the monitoring area, a region of particular interest is scanned by using at least one radiation deflecting device, which is located in the field of vision of the emitting/receiving device, however, outside of the monitoring area. The invention also relates to a corresponding sensing device.

Abstract: An optical interface using indicator lights is provided for an appliance having a vacuum fluorescent display (VFD) by mounting the indicator lights behind a VFD. In a VFD having a dark background, apertures are formed in the VFD so the indicator lights are enabled for optical communication through the VFD. Preferably, the apertures are formed in the dark layer covering a glass substrate in the VFD so the dark layer helps absorb reflected light that may cause optical noise in the light signals being communicated. Each aperture may be located equidistantly from a group of four pixels in the VFD.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a controller for controlling operation of an appliance, an indicator light coupled to the controller to provide a visible indication of an operator selection in response to the controller energizing the indicator light, and a driver coupled to the controller and the indicator light so that the controller may communicate data through the indicator light by controlling the driver. The indicator light may be a light emitting diode or a segment of an alphanumeric display of an appliance control panel. A detector LED may also be coupled to the controller so the controller may receive data from an external device that communicates by flashing light on the detector LED. A terminal for communicating with the appliance may include a detector LED and a conductor that couples the detector LED to a diagnostic tool. The detector LED may receive data from an optical transmitter of the appliance control panel.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an appliance control panel and a controller. The appliance control panel is disposed on an appliance. The appliance control panel has first and second optical communication devices that are in communication with an external surface of the appliance control panel. The controller is secured within the appliance. The controller is operably connected to the first and second communication devices to provide communication signals thereto, the communication signals including diagnostic information.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention provide novel methods and devices for sampling gas, exciting the sampled gas to emit radiation and detecting in real time from the emitted radiation a plurality of wave bands of an emission spectrum. Energy used to excite the sampled gas may be adjusted based on the detected wave bands. A process may be controlled in real time based on the detected wave bands. Novel interfaces may be used to display portions of the detected wave bands. A known flow of a reference gas may be included in the flow of sampled gases and an unknown flow of an unknown flow gas determined.

Abstract: An exposure meter for incident- and reflected-light photometry includes an incident-light receiving section, a finder for reflected-light photometry, an arithmetical element for calculating various exposure values on the basis of photometric results obtained by incident- and reflected-light receiving elements, a finder optical system for displaying information on the exposure values obtained by the arithmetical element in the finder, and a display window provided on an exposure meter body. The incident-light receiving section is constructed so that it is can be mounted to or dismounted from the exposure meter body and allows incident-light photometry and lighting setting photometry. The exposure meter further includes a transmitting unit, mountable in or dismountable from the exposure meter body, in which flashlight is emitted and the amount of flashlight can be adjusted in accordance with the information on the exposure values displayed on the display window.

Abstract: An exposure meter has both function of an incident light type exposure meter for measuring an exposure value of an object by an incident light to the object and a reflected light type exposure meter for measuring exposure value of the object by a reflected light from the object. A latitude of a film is calculated from the exposure value by the incident light. The exposure value by the incident light and an upper and a lower limit values of the latitude are displayed on a display device. At least one exposure value measured by the reflected light is further displayed on the display device comparably with the latitude.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention provide novel methods and devices for sampling gas, exciting the sampled gas to emit radiation and detecting in real time from the emitted radiation a plurality of wave bands of an emission spectrum. Energy used to excite the sampled gas may be adjusted based on the detected wave bands. A process may be controlled in real time based on the detected wave bands. Novel interfaces may be used to display portions of the detected wave bands. A known flow of a reference gas may be included in the flow of sampled gases and an unknown flow of an unknown flow gas determined.

Abstract: A method and device for measurement of exposure times in optical devices are disclosed. Specifically, a measuring diaphragm plate and a mask plate are associated with a measurement path and a projection path of the optical device and include a plurality of corresponding measuring diaphragms and masks, respectively. A graticule having markings corresponding to the contours of the measuring diaphragms is provided in the projection path proximate the mask plate and conjugate to an intermediate image plane, and a motor for selectively positioning a measuring diaphragm on the measuring path is synchronized with a motor for positioning a corresponding mask on the projection path, such that a selected measuring diaphragm and its corresponding contour markings are simultaneously imaged at the intermediate image plane.

Abstract: An inclination angle metering apparatus is arranged such that a beam from a light source is split into two beams by a half-mirror provided in a light path between the light source and the surface of a liquid. One beam is reflected by the liquid surface falls on a line sensor, and the other beam falls on the line sensor without reflected by the liquid surface. When a housing and the liquid are relatively inclined, an incident position of one beam changes on the line sensor, whereas an incident position of the other beam does not change. An inclination angle to the liquid surface is determined based on the incident position of one beam with respect to the incident position of the other beam.

Abstract: An apparatus for photographing an image of a sample observed through a microscope comprises a photometry region designating unit, an optical member for superimposing an image of an indicator light beam on an image of an object light beam, an area sensor, a reflecting member for reflecting the object light beam and the indicator light beam and guiding them to the area sensor, a photometry region determining unit, a photometry unit, and a photographing unit. The photometry region designating unit generates an indicator light beam which is movable in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the object light beam output from an objective lens. The photometry region determining unit stores a photometry signal supplied from the area sensor in correspondence with a position of a light receiving plane, detects the position of the light receiving plane, on which the indicator light is projected, by using the photometry signal, and determines a photometry region based on the detected position.

Abstract: A photometer tube for microscopes is provided with a device by means of which the measurement field diaphragm of the photometer is superimposed on the intermediate image of the object in the binocular tube. For the reflecting-back of the measurement field diaphragm, which is illuminated from the rear, into the binocular tube, the residual reflection of an uncoated glass-air interface in the ray path between the objective and the beam divider of the microscope is utilized. This surface may be one of the surfaces of the tube lens systems of the microscope.

Abstract: A microscope tube contains prisms mounted on a prism carriage switchable between a position for visual observation of a specimen and a position for photometry or photography of the specimen. A diaphragm (6) mounted on and movable with the carriage has a blocking position impeding entrance of light through the eyepiece window of the tube, and an ineffective or non-blocking position which does not impede entrance of such light. A manually operable handle in the form of a knob (9) mounted externally of the tube controls mechanical linkage parts (8, 10, 11) for shifting the diaphragm from its blocking position to its non-blocking position when the carriage is in the photometry or photography position, in case the user may wish to make a visual inspection of the specimen at that time.

Abstract: A photometer tube for a microscope contains several switchable reflectors (5, 11). By the appropriate use of these, the ray path (c) for the back-illuminated measuring field stop (7) is reflected out of the photometry ray path (b) and is conducted to a second image inlet (32) of a beam splitter prism or prism slide. Various switchable elements (mirrors 5 and 11; stop 4; prism 2/22) in the tube are electrically driven and are centrally actuated from a control unit.

Abstract: A photometer is providing including light detecting means for detecting incident light and generating electric signals in response thereto as a measure of the incident light thereon, and optical means for guiding light to the light detecting means from a standard light source in a calibration mode and from an object, a photometric quantity of which is to be measured, in a measurement mode.

Abstract: A photometer for use with a microscope having an object plane an image plane and an optical axis between said planes. The photometer includes an optical dividing means adapted to be disposed in the optical axis between the microscope object and image planes, and a reflective element having a reflecting surface. A pin hole occluder is adapted to be arranged on the opposite side of the optical dividing means to the reflective element. An optical imaging device provides an image of the pin hole occluder on the reflecting surface. A semi-reflective element is provided for reflecting light from the light source to the optical dividing means. A detector is arranged in an optical axis including the semi-reflective element, the pin hole occluder, the optical dividing means, the optical imaging device and reflective element.

Abstract: A microscope comprises a full field illumination unit, a spot illumination unit using monochromatic light, means for adjusting the area of the spot region being illuminated, a light receptor for receiving light which is transmitted through a specimen, and an arithmetic unit connected with the light receptor for photometry. Full field and spot illuminations are activated simultaneously, and the position of a specimen is brought into alignment with a spot illuminated region while viewing the specimen. The area of the spot region being illuminated is adjusted so that it is substantially in conformity to the outline of the specimen. The arithmetic unit effects a quantitative determination of the total amount of light transmission through the specimen on the basis of an output from the light receptor and the area of the spot illuminated region.

Abstract: Exposure measuring system for attachment cameras to microscopes provided with a focusing telescope which is provided with a transverse slot for the selective insertion of two sliders, one of which is provided at the approximate slider center with a photodetector for the exposure measuring system while the other consists of a transparent plate which bears a marking of circular shape or the like also approximately at the center of the slider and corresponding in size to that of the photodetector. The slot possibly serves only for the introduction of a single slider bearing both the photodetector and the marking a given distance apart and is correspondingly displaceable between two positions. The guide path (10) of the slider(s) (9) is displaceable in the plane of the slider and means (16) actuated from outside the focusing telescope are provided to cause slider displacement.

Abstract: An apparatus for facilitating the measurement of light parameters such as intensity of light when using a digital photometer or similar device whose readout incorporates a hold or memory function. The apparatus includes a photoelectric sensor receiving light to be measured, in conjunction with an optical view system, in a small acceptance angle and a light source providing an indication, in conjunction with the same optical view system, of the hold mode and means for visually connecting the measurement hold mode and the sensed light parameters together. Means are also provided for initiating the measurement.

Abstract: An object image is formed on a screen by an objective lens. The light beam from the object image formed on the screen is guided in a direction to an eye piece by a pentagonal roof prism. Only one light measuring means is provided facing an upper part of the exit face of the pentagonal roof prism. Therefore, the light beam from the screen passing through the upper part of the pentagonal roof prism impinges into the light measuring means. Also the light beam from the screen passing through both left and right end parts of the exit face of the pentagonal roof prism is directed onto the light-measuring means through a reflective plane. A shutter means is provided at least for one of the luminous flux from the upper part of the pentagonal roof prism and the luminous flux from the both left and right end parts. The light measurement distribution in an object scene may be varied by the shutter means.

Abstract: An optical sensor wand is disclosed which is designed to be optically aligned by an operator through use of visible light but which excludes the visible light utilized for alignment from the sensing optical channel whereby the sensing optical system operates in the "dark".

Abstract: Light emitting elements such as light emitting diodes provided in the viewfinder of a camera are connected with a light measuring circuit including a photodetector through an A-D converter, a decoder and a gate circuit so that the light emitting elements may indicate exposure information in a digital form in accordance with the output of the light measuring circuit. An oscillator is connected with the A-D converter and the gate circuit for giving sampling pulses to the A-D converter and clock pulses to the gate circuit. Between the oscillator and the gate circuit is provided a duty modulator to change the duty cycle of the square wave transmitted from the oscillator to the gate circuit. The duty modulator is connected with the light measuring circuit or the A-D converter so as to control the duty cycle of the square wave in accordance with the output from the light measuring circuit.