Abstract: The present invention relates to a spectrometer for spectral analysis of electromagnetic radiation. The spectrometer comprises an entry slit for entry of the electromagnetic radiation to be analysed and an imaging grating for diffraction of the electromagnetic radiation which has entered. The spectrometer additionally comprises a detector extending at least in one direction to detect the diffracted electromagnetic radiation, and also a support plate in which the entry slit is located. The spectrometer further comprises a housing which is mounted on the support plate, covers the detector and the entry slit and supports the imaging grating. According to the invention the spectrometer further comprises at least three floating bearings for floating mounting of the housing on the support plate, the floating bearings each enabling a displacement between the housing and the support plate on a directional axis and being distributed about a central axis of the housing.

Abstract: A spectroscopic module includes a support body having a bottom wall portion and a side wall portion surrounding a space on one side of the bottom wall portion, a spectroscopic portion provided on the one side of the bottom wall portion and having a plurality of grating grooves, a photodetector attached to the side wall portion so as to face the spectroscopic portion via the space and having a plurality of photodetection channels, a plurality of first terminals provided on a surface of the support body on a side opposite to the space so as to be disposed along the surface of the support body and electrically connected to the photodetector, and a wiring unit having a plurality of second terminals respectively facing the plurality of first terminals and respectively joined to the plurality of first terminals and a plurality of third terminals respectively and electrically connected to the plurality of second terminals.

Abstract: A method of determining a peak intensity in an optical spectrum is described. The method includes producing a two-dimensional array of spectrum values by imaging the optical spectrum onto a detector array. An offset using an actual location and an expected location of a peak of an interpolated subarray is used to adjust an expected location of another peak that is within another two-dimensional subarray. Interpolated spectrum values are then used to produce a peak intensity value of the second peak.

Abstract: An agricultural sprayer includes a spraying system that sprays a substance on an agricultural surface and a crop characteristic sensor that senses a crop characteristic of a crop on the agricultural surface and generates a crop characteristic signal indicative of the crop characteristic. The agricultural sprayer further includes a sprayer control system that identifies a position of a component of a crop plant based on the crop characteristic sensor signal and an action signal generator that generates an action signal based on the identified position of the component of the crop plant.

Abstract: A spectrometer that includes: a first diffraction grating configured to spectroscopically process provided light; a first detection unit configured to condense light spectroscopically processed by the first diffraction grating and to output an electrical signal corresponding to condensed light; a second diffraction grating configured to spectroscopically process 0th order light provided by the first diffraction grating; and a second detection unit configured to condense light spectroscopically processed by the second diffraction grating and to output an electrical signal corresponding to condensed light.

Abstract: A homodyne encoder encodes light sampled from an object with respective primary apertures for each spectral band. The multi-band homodyne encoder includes an optical spreader and a focusing optic. The optical spreader spreads apart the light from the respective primary apertures for each spectral band to respective secondary apertures for each spectral band. The optical spreader is arranged to spread, for each spectral band, the light from each one of the primary apertures for the spectral band to a respective one of the secondary apertures for the spectral band. The focusing optic focuses the light from the secondary apertures for all of the spectral bands into one or more composite images of the object. For each spectral band, every pairing of two of the primary apertures for the spectral band contributes distinct spatial frequencies to the composite image or images of the object.

Abstract: An electronic device including a light source and a detector are provided. The light source includes an electromagnetic spectral emission source configured to output an electromagnetic spectral emission, a polarization optical element configured to polarize the electromagnetic spectral emission, a collimation optical element configured to focus or collimate the electromagnetic spectral emission into narrow or tight beam to reduce diffusion, and a diffractive optical element configured to separate the electromagnetic spectral emission into a predetermined arrangement.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a dynamic composite field of view in a scanning lidar system, such as to improve a signal-to-noise ration of detected light. The dynamic composite field of view can include a subset of the available detector pixels, and can thereby reduce noise introduce by noise sources that can scale with a detector area, such as dark current and gain peaking that can be caused by a capacitance of the photodetector.

Abstract: A method for determining a quality condition of an agricultural product comprises: receiving a received light at a light detector, the received light comprising reflected, scattered, refracted, and/or deflected light from the agricultural product; transmitting the received light to a spectrometer; producing agricultural product (AP) spectral data of the received light using the spectrometer; with a computer in electrical communication with the spectrometer, comparing the AP spectral data to reference spectral data to determine whether the agricultural product has the quality condition, the reference spectral data corresponding to known quality conditions of the agricultural product; and with the computer, generating an output signal corresponding to the quality condition of the agricultural product.

Abstract: Provided is an optical system which may acquire a hyperspectral image by acquiring a spectral image of an object to be measured, which includes, to collect spectral data and train the neural network, an image forming part forming an image from an object to be measured and transmitting collimated light, a slit moving to scan the incident image and passing and outputting a part of the formed image, and a first optical part obtaining spectral data by splitting light of the image received through the slit by wavelength. Also, the system includes, to decompose overlapped spectral data and to infer hyperspectral image data through the trained neural network, an image forming part forming an image from an object to be measured and transmitting collimated light, and a first optical part obtaining spectral data by splitting light of the received image by wavelength.

Abstract: A system (100) and method can monitor a reflectance of a mirror target that includes at least one curved mirror (M). The system (100) can take a first irradiance measurement of the sun (S), the first irradiance measurement representing a direct solar irradiance. The system (100) can take a second irradiance measurement that represents an irradiance from a reflection of the sun (S) from the mirror target plus background irradiance from a reflection of the sky from the mirror target. The system (100) can take a third irradiance measurement that represents the background irradiance from the reflection of the sky from the mirror target. The system (100) can determine a reflectance of the mirror target from the first, second, and third irradiance measurements. The system (100) can compare the reflectance to a specified reflectance threshold, and, upon determining that the reflectance of the mirror target is less than the specified reflectance threshold, can generate an alert signal.

Abstract: A spectrometer device includes an optical interference filter which is designed to filter specific wavelength ranges of an incident light beam on passage through the optical interference filter. The spectrometer device also includes a detector device which is designed to detect the filtered light beam. Further, the spectrometer device includes a focusing device with a reflective surface. The focusing device is designed to focus the filtered light beam onto the detector device by reflection on the surface.

Abstract: An optical detection device is an optical detection device that detects a desired wavelength component included in input light, and includes: a spectrometer including, for instance, a diffraction grating that receives the input light as an input and outputs an alignment of spectra each of which is a duplication of a spectrum of the input light; a second slit array including an array of three or more slits that pass light beams of wavelengths at three or more locations in the alignment of the spectra that are output from the spectrometer; and an imaging element composed of an array of pixels that receive the light beams, having passed through the second slit array, each of the light beams having three or more wavelength components. At least two pitches between slits are different in the array of the three or more slits included in the second slit array.

Abstract: Optical spectrometers may be used to determine the spectral components of electromagnetic waves. Spectrometers may be large, bulky devices and may require waves to enter at a nearly direct angle of incidence in order to record a measurement. What is disclosed is an ultra-compact spectrometer with nanophotonic components as light dispersion technology. Nanophotonic components may contain metasurfaces and Bragg filters. Each metasurface may contain light scattering nanostructures that may be randomized to create a large input angle, and the Bragg filter may result in the light dispersion independent of the input angle. The spectrometer may be capable of handling about 200 nm bandwidth. The ultra-compact spectrometer may be able to read image data in the visible (400-600 nm) and to read spectral data in the near-infrared (700-900 nm) wavelength range. The surface area of the spectrometer may be about 1 mm2, allowing it to fit on mobile devices.

Abstract: An analyte detection apparatus, includes a radiation source for irradiating a sample; a receiver, to receive an optical Raman spectrum of radiation transmitted back from the sample in response to the received radiation from the source, wherein the receiver includes a plurality of different types of analysis device each arranged to receive a selected part of the received optical spectrum transmitted back from the sample.

Abstract: An optical element including a first substrate, a second substrate, a first optical film, a second optical film, and a spacer is provided. The first optical film is disposed on the first substrate and has a first surface and a plurality of first optical microstructures. The first optical microstructures are disposed on the first surface. The second optical film is disposed on the second substrate and has a second surface and a plurality of second optical microstructures. The second surface is opposite to the first surface. The second optical microstructures are disposed on the second surface. The orthogonal projection of the first optical microstructures on the first substrate does not overlap with the orthogonal projection of the second optical microstructures on the first substrate. The spacer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. A wafer level optical module adopting the optical element is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing temperature-dependent movement of an optical element, the apparatus comprising: a moveable mount for the optical element; a mount moving component attached to the moveable mount; and a guide attached to the mount moving component and configured to guide a movement of the moveable mount. The apparatus is configured such that a difference in thermal contraction or thermal expansion between the mount moving component and the guide in response to a change in temperature of the apparatus causes the mount moving component to move the moveable mount relative to the guide.

Abstract: A spectrometer with a Schmidt reflector is described. The spectrometer may include a Schmidt corrector and a dispersive element as separate components. Alternatively, the Schmidt corrector and dispersive element may be combined into a single optical component. The spectrometer may further include a field-flattener lens.

Abstract: Optical system includes a front group, light-shielding member, and rear group that are arranged in this order in direction from object side toward image side. The light-shielding member is provided with opening elongated in first direction. The front group does not image the object at the opening in first section parallel to the first direction and forms intermediate image of the object at the opening in second section perpendicular to the first direction. The rear group has diffractive surface that splits light beam that passes through the opening into light beams at different wavelengths in the second section and focuses the light beams on different locations in the second section. Light beam that is emitted from the front group 11 and that enters the opening is non-parallel light in the first section.

Abstract: Spectrometers include an optical assembly with optical elements arranged to receive light from a light source and direct the light along a light path to a multi-element detector, dispersing light of different wavelengths to different spatial locations on the multi-element detector. The optical assembly includes: (i) a collimator arranged in the light path to receive the light from the light source, the collimator including a mirror having a freeform surface; (2) a dispersive sub-assembly including an echelle grating, the dispersive sub-assembly being arranged in the light path to receive light from the collimator; and (3) a Schmidt telescope arranged in the light path to receive light from the dispersive sub-assembly and focus the light to a field, the multi-element detector being arranged at the field.

Abstract: An illumination system having a reduced z-dimensional profile, which is achieved by reflecting light out of plane relative to a light source that generated the light, is disclosed herein. This illumination system includes an IR illumination device, a collimating optic, a turning optic, and a waveguide. The turning optic is specially configured to receive IR light from the IR illumination device and to reflect the IR light out of plane relative to the emission orientation of the IR illumination device. The reflected IR light is reflected towards the collimating optic. The waveguide is positioned in a fixed position relative to the collimating optic and includes an input port or grating to receive the collimated IR light. By reflecting light out of the plane, the size of the illumination system can be beneficially reduced in the z-direction.

Abstract: An optical spectrum analyzer is provided that can separate measurement target light into orthogonal polarization components and perform measurement and enable optical spectrum measurement that does not depend on polarization of the measurement target light. Measurement target light is separated into two orthogonal polarization components, the two polarization components whose position is shifted in an engraved line direction of a diffraction grating are incident on the diffraction grating, diffracted light of the two polarization components emitted from the diffraction grating is condensed, and the condensed diffracted light is incident on an incident side end surface of a 2-core ferrule with the two polarization components adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A compact, catadioptric and athermal imaging spectrometer is disclosed. A telecentric light (1) incident from a slit (2) is folded or refracted by an object-side prism (3) to enter a plano-convex lens (4); after being refracted by the plano-convex lens (4) and a meniscus lens (5), and refracted and reflected by a thick catadioptric lens (6), said telecentric light is incident onto a convex grating (7) in the form of a convergent beam; and after said beam is diffracted, spectral division is implemented. The divergent beam is sequentially refracted and reflected by the thick catadioptric lens (6), and refracted by the meniscus lens (5) and the plano-convex lens (4) to enter an image-side prism (8). Said beam is folded or refracted and filtered, and imaged on a focal plane (10) to realize spectral imaging.

Abstract: An etalon-based mid-infrared probe can be configured for spectroscopic tissue discrimination, such as between non-normal (e.g., cancerous) and normal (e.g., healthy) tissue. A broadband light source can be applied to the etalon to generate fringes at spectroscopic wavelengths of interest, which can be delivered to a tissue specimen via a fiber loop probe. A response signal can be spectral dispersed across a parallel array of detector pixels, such as using a diffraction grating, and signal processed for performing the tissue classification. A learning model can be trained, using full IR spectral data, for applying a reduced set of wavelengths for performing the spectroscopic tissue analysis and classification.

Abstract: Optical spectrometers may be used to determine the spectral components of electromagnetic waves. Spectrometers may be large, bulky devices and may require waves to enter at a nearly direct angle of incidence in order to record a measurement. What is disclosed is an ultra-compact spectrometer with nanophotonic components as light dispersion technology. Nanophotonic components may contain metasurfaces and Bragg filters. Each metasurface may contain light scattering nanostructures that may be randomized to create a large input angle, and the Bragg filter may result in the light dispersion independent of the input angle. The spectrometer may be capable of handling about 200 nm bandwidth. The ultra-compact spectrometer may be able to read image data in the visible (400-600 nm) and to read spectral data in the near-infrared (700-900 nm) wavelength range. The surface area of the spectrometer may be about 1 mm2, allowing it to fit on mobile devices.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a spectrometer comprising a spectral decomposition device and a radiation detector. These components are configured such that the spectral decomposition device can break up an incident electromagnetic measuring radiation into components in a wavelength-dependent manner. The radiation detector can measure the intensity of at least one of these components. The spectrometer is configured such that the spectrometer transmits analysis information from the analysis of a food or of a food component to a food preparation device and/or outputs it to the user via an output device. The present disclosure further relates to a system including a control device as well as to a method. In this way, a reproducible cooking result as well as an output of the nutritional values and the actual energy content of the prepared food can be made possible.

Abstract: An identification apparatus 1000 includes a light collecting unit 20 configured to collect scattered light from a sample, spectroscopic elements 150l and 150h configured to disperse light from the light collecting unit 20, an imaging unit 170 that includes a plurality of light detection elements arrayed in a row direction 172r and a column direction 172c and to which optical spectra from the spectroscopic elements 150l and 150h are projected along the row direction 172r, and an acquisition unit 30 configured to acquire spectral information about the sample based on an output signal from the imaging unit 170. The optical spectra corresponding to the sample are projected to the imaging unit 170 discontinuously in at least one of the row direction 172r and the column direction 172c.

Abstract: Configurations for a diffraction grating design and methods thereof are disclosed. The diffraction grating system can include an input waveguide located at a first location on or near a Rowland circle and multiple output waveguides located at a second and third location on or near the Rowland circle. The input waveguide may be located between the output waveguides and this configuration of input and output waveguides can reduce the footprint size of the device. In some examples, the optical component can function as a de-multiplexer. Additionally, the optical component may separate the input wavelength band into two output wavelength bands which are separated from one another by approximately 0.1 ?m.

Abstract: A feeding assembly for an agricultural vehicle includes: a frame; a rotatable auger supported by the frame and including at least one flighting; and a pickup assembly including a rotatable pickup reel and a plurality of tines rotatably carried by the pickup reel about a rotation axis, the tines being configured to pickup and convey crop material to the auger during rotation of the pickup reel. The pickup reel is movable relative to the auger such that movement of the pickup reel adjusts a distance between the rotation axis and the at least one flighting of the auger.

Abstract: A non-tracking solar sensor device and systems. The non-tracking solar sensor system includes a transparent hemispherical dome enclosure for receiving light. A diffuser is disposed with the enclosure for diffusing the light. A photodiode sensor array senses at least one discrete wavelength of the diffused light. A data acquisition module is configured to receive a sensor signal from the sensor array, the signal indicative of light quality at least one discrete wave band for processing via a processor module.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a laser measurement system and a laser radar. In one aspect, a laser measurement system includes N laser ranging components, a reflector, and MEMS micromirror. The N laser ranging components can emit an emergent light beam onto the reflector. The reflector can perform optical path reflecting on the emergent light beam and emit the reflected emergent light beam onto the MEMS micromirror. The MEMS micromirror can change a direction of the emergent light beam to implement two-dimensional scanning, change a direction of an echo light beam, and emit this beam onto the reflector. The reflector can perform optical path reflecting on the echo light beam and emit this beam onto the N laser ranging components. The N laser ranging components can receive the echo light beam and perform ranging based on a time difference between the emergent light beam and the echo light beam.

Abstract: A LIBS system to detect constituent elements of interest within a sample from plasma light resulting from irradiation of this sample is presented. The LIBS system has a hybrid configuration which provides both a low-resolution spectrum of the plasma light covering a broad spectral range, and a high-resolution spectrum of the same plasma light over a narrow spectral range centered on a spectral line or feature of a constituent element of interest of the sample. In some implementations, the LIBS system has a portable design and can perform onsite sample analyses.

Abstract: Optical system includes front group, light-shielding member, and rear group that are arranged from object side toward image side. The light-shielding member is provided with opening elongated in first direction. The front group has aspherical surface, does not image the object at the opening in first section parallel to the first direction, and forms intermediate image of the object at the opening in second section perpendicular to the first direction. The rear group has diffractive surface that splits light beam that passes through the opening into light beams at different wavelengths in the second section and focuses the light beams on different locations in the second section. The curvature radius of the aspherical surface in the second section at on-axis position in the first direction differs from that at outermost off-axis position in the first direction.

Abstract: Systems and methods for measuring a fundamental mode vibrational spectrum of materials and substances in the Mid-IR spectral range of 2.5 ?m to 14 ?m wavelength. are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a Mid-infrared absorption spectrometer (MIRAS) system includes an infrared Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) single element emitter light source. The light source is electrically pulsed and emits electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range from 2.5 ?m to 14 ?m and has an integral energy concentrating optic to provide energy for a spectral absorption process. The system includes a scanning high-efficiency infrared spectral grating with self-calibrating feature, configured so that incident energy having absorption information for the spectral absorption process of a sample is within a predefined threshold of a grating blaze angle. The system also includes a single-element thermal detector to receive output energy having the absorption information from the infrared spectral grating.

Abstract: An apparatus with a grating structure and a method for forming the same are disclosed. The grating structure includes forming a wedge-shaped structure in a grating layer using a grayscale resist and photo lithography. A plurality of channels is formed in the grating layer to define slanted grating structures therein. The wedge-shaped structure and the slanted grating structures are formed using a selective etch process.

Abstract: A hyperspectral sensing device may include an optical collector configured to collect light and to transfer the collected light to a sensor having spectral resolution sufficient for sensing hyperspectral data. In some examples, the sensor comprises a compact spectrometer. The device further comprises a power supply, an electronics module, and an input/output hub enabling the device to transmit acquired data (e.g., to a remote server). In some examples, a plurality of hyperspectral sensing devices are deployed as a network to acquire data over a relatively large area.

Abstract: A sample measuring method of optically measuring a sample housed in a container in a sample measurement device, the method including: loading the container such that the container is shielded from light; starting to read information regarding a measurement to be performed on the sample in response to the loading the container; and measuring the sample based on the read information.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an agricultural sampling apparatus is provided. The apparatus comprising: a wave emitter; a wave transmitter configured to direct the waves from the wave emitter as a plurality of linewise waves to irradiate surface points of the agricultural sample; a dispersive element configured to receive waves arriving from the sample and deflect the arriving waves in at least two directions depending upon the wavelength of an arriving wave; and a detector configured with a plurality of detection elements disposed in at least two dimensions, the detector configured to convert the waves arriving from the dispersive element to a signal.

Abstract: Provided is an optical deflector that detects an arbitrary deflection angle of a mirror part while avoiding the increase in the length of an optical sensor for detection of the deflection angle. An optical deflector 3 comprises: a mirror part 30 that has a flat reflection surface 38 and a grooved reflection surface 39, each of the flat reflection surface 38 and the grooved reflection surface 39 reflecting an incident light; and an actuator 32a to 32d that reciprocally turns the mirror part 30 about a rotation axis 36. The grooved reflection surface 39 has a plurality of longitudinal grooves 41 that extends parallel to the rotation axis 36. Each longitudinal groove 41 has a facing inclination surface 42a, 42b that is parallel to the rotation axis 36 and that has at least an opening-side portion of a facing inclination surface of a V-groove.

Abstract: A positioning unit mountable on a moving object includes at least one light source measuring unit and a processor. The light source measuring units have high directional sensitivity along a first axis and low directional sensitivity along a second axis orthogonal to the first axis to capture relative angular information of the moving object with respect to a plurality of simultaneously active stationary light sources located at multiple locations in a space. The processor determines positioning information of the moving object at least from the output of the at least one light source measuring unit. Each light source measuring unit includes an optical arrangement and a linearly configured imaging sensor to receive light from the stationary light sources through the optical arrangement.

Abstract: There is a photovoltaic (PV) panel 10 including an array of photovoltaic (PV) elements (12). Each PV element (12) is stand alone and can be electronically addressed individually. The PV panel (10) also includes a number of spectral filters (14), in this example, a red filter (14r), a green filter (14g) and a blue filter (14b) arranged over some of the PV elements (12) to filter out the red, green and blue spectral components from white (combined red, green and blue) light emitted from a red-green-blue (RGB) transmitter. Data can be transmitted by modulating the spectral components of the RGB transmitter such that the data in each of the spectral components can be recovered from the electrical signal generated by the PV elements (12).

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for identifying contaminants in a semiconductor cleaning solution, including: contacting a semiconductor cleaning solution with a semiconductor manufacturing component to form an effluent including one or more insoluble analytes-of-interest; contacting the effluent including one or more insoluble analytes-of-interest with an optical apparatus configured to sense fluorescence and, optionally, Raman signals from the one or more insoluble analytes-of-interest, wherein the apparatus includes an electron multiplying charged couple device and a grating spectrometer to spectrally disperse the fluorescence and project the fluorescence on to the electron multiplying charged couple device; and identifying the one or more analytes of interest.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a multichannel broadband high-resolution spectrograph, comprising a plurality of light source incident slits, a multichannel integrated grating, a multichannel shared two-dimensional focus imaging mirror and a two-dimensional area array detector which are sequentially disposed along a light source incident or reflection line, wherein the multichannel integrated grating consists of a plurality of sub-gratings, incident light enters the corresponding integrated gratings along the light source incident slits and then is focused by the shared two-dimensional focus imaging mirror after diffraction of the integrated grating, and diffraction light in a full-spectrum region is incident onto a focal plane of the two-dimensional area array detector for detection. No any mechanical displacement part is disposed, multichannel, full-spectrum and high-speed detection and analysis is achieved, and the present disclosure has high spectrum resolution and working reliability.

Abstract: A collection system of a semiconductor metrology tool includes a chuck to support a target from which an optical beam is reflected and a spectrometer to receive the reflected optical beam. The collection system also includes a plurality of aperture masks arranged in a rotatable sequence about an axis parallel to an optical axis. Each aperture mask of the plurality of aperture masks is rotatable into and out of the reflected optical beam between the chuck and the spectrometer to selectively mask the reflected optical beam.

Abstract: A spectrometer includes a substrate; a slit which is provided on the substrate and through which light is incident onto the substrate; a metasurface including nanostructures that is configured to reflect and focus the light incident thereon through the slit, at different angles based on respective wavelengths; and a sensor which is provided on one side of the substrate that is opposite to another side of the substrate at which the metasurface is disposed, and configured to receive the light from the metasurface.

Abstract: System and method for use in optical monitoring of a sample. The system comprising: a light source unit (140) for providing collimated illumination; polarization modulation unit (160) located in optical path of light propagating from the light source unit; a lens unit (120) for focusing light onto an illumination spot on a surface of a sample, and for collection of light components returning from the sample; a light collection unit configured for collecting light returning from the sample and generate output image data associated with Fourier plane imaging with respect to surface of the sample; and a control unit (500) configured processing said data in accordance with said system calibration.

Abstract: A spectral analysis device is provided herein. The spectral analysis device includes a first lens, a transmission grating, a lens set and a sensing element. The first lens is configured to receive and converge an incident light beam into a first light beam. The transmission grating is configured to disperse the first light beam into a plurality of second light beams. The lens set is configured to receive the plurality of second light beams. The sensing element includes a substrate and a plurality of pixels. The plurality of pixels is configured to respectively receive the plurality of second light beam. Such structure is used to analyze the spectrum of incident light.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining one or more properties of a sample are disclosed. The systems and methods disclosed can be capable of measuring along multiple locations and can reimage and resolve multiple optical paths within the sample. The system can be configured with one-layer or two-layers of optics suitable for a compact system. The optics can be simplified to reduce the number and complexity of the coated optical surfaces, et al. on effects, manufacturing tolerance stack-up problems, and interference-based spectroscopic errors. The size, number, and placement of the optics can enable multiple simultaneous or non-simultaneous measurements at various locations across and within the sample. Moreover, the systems can be configured with an optical spacer window located between the sample and the optics, and methods to account for changes in optical paths due to inclusion of the optical spacer window are disclosed.

Abstract: Configurations for a diffraction grating design that mitigates thermal wavelength shifts and corresponding methods thereof are disclosed. The wavelength stability monitoring system may include a planar waveguide that receives input light directed toward a diffraction grating. The diffraction grating may reflect the light back through the planar waveguide and to one or more detectors. The planar waveguide may include multiple materials, such as a first material and a second athermal material that is adjacent to the first material. The athermal material may mitigate thermal wavelength shifts of the light. The design of the athermal material may include targeting a ratio of the input and output path lengths across sets of input and output angles of light that pass through the first material and the second athermal material. In some examples, the output waveguides may be positioned to receive leakage modes of light.

Abstract: A fine particle measuring apparatus is provided. The fine particle measuring apparatus includes a detection unit configured to detect light emitted from a fine particle and a processing unit having a memory device storing instructions which when executed by the processing unit, cause the processing unit to calculate a corrected intensity value of the detected light and generate spectrum data based on the corrected intensity value.