Abstract: A radiation control apparatus includes a determination unit configured to determine dose values of exposures to a radiation detector for acquiring correction images, corresponding to measured input-output characteristics of the radiation detector, and a acquisition unit configured to acquire correction data for the input-output characteristics of the radiation detector, based on the correction images acquired from the detector exposed at the determined dose values.

Abstract: This application describes optical monitoring devices and applications in optical systems for monitoring various optical parameters of light, including the signal to noise ratio, the degree of polarization, and the differential group delay (DGD).

Abstract: A lamp house storing a plurality of flash lamps and a chamber storing and holding a semiconductor wafer are fitted to each other in an openable/closable manner. The lamp house and the chamber are fixed to a closed state with male screws. In order to process a semiconductor wafer, a shutter plate is drawn out to open an irradiation window. In this state, the shutter plate shields a space located above the male screws so that the male screws cannot be detached for opening the lamp house and the chamber. In order to open the lamp house and the chamber, the shutter plate must be inserted for shielding the irradiation window while opening the space located above the male screws. Thus, a thermal processing apparatus capable of preventing the lamps from breaking during maintenance thereof is provided.

Abstract: An arrangement for calibration of at least one radiation-sensitive detector, comprising an aperture (90), at least one reference body (50, 60, 600) which emits radiation with a measurable intensity, at least one deflection member (160, 170, 620) which deflects radiation from the reference body, and at least one radiation-sensitive detector (30) which detects the radiation value and generates an output signal dependent on the detected radiation value. During reference measurement the deflection member is arranged to reproduce the aperture (90) on the reference body (50, 60, 600), and the deflection member (160, 170, 620) deflects the radiation such that the midpoint of the reproduction of the aperture (90) remains on substantially the same area of the surface of the reference body (50, 60, 600) during that time period in which the detector receives radiation which is transmitted from the reference body and which passes through the aperture (90).

Abstract: An optical printer includes magneto-optical storage elements (light switching elements) formed on a carrier body (substrate) of comparatively small dimensions. The light switching elements LZ on the substrate T are combined so as to form groups M which are separated from one another by an equidistant space a. Each group M is associated with a self-focusing lens LS so that the distances between all image points of a plurality of groups M on a record carrier Z are equal.

Abstract: The radiometric measurement of the temperature of remote targets is usually done with a radiometer having a detector whose field of view is alternately switched between the target and a reference temperature source. The detector output is then used to change the reference source temperature to equal the target temperature. According to the invention the reference source temperature is not changed by the measuring apparatus. The difference in detector signals obtained from the target and reference source is used to calculate the target temperature from the known laws of thermal radiation and the known detectivity and spectral response of the detector. The invention can be incorporated in thermal imaging apparatus using the radiation detector scanned to form the thermal image as the radiometer detector. In such radiometric thermal imaging apparatus an array of detectors is scanned across the scene in a raster and a corresponding visual raster is produced.

Abstract: A photoluminescent indicator apparatus having automatic feedback means to maintain the sensitivity of the indicator apparatus with respect to variations in environmental conditions. The apparatus includes a sample of photoluminescent material having a photoluminescent decay rate which varies as a function of environmental conditions. The sample is positioned in a remote location having some unknown aspect of the environment desired to be measured. The sample is optically excited with a modulating signal to generate an excitation output signal functionally dependent on the modulating signal and indicative of the unknown environmental condition. A phase detection means is provided for comparing difference in phase between a phase reference signal and the excitation output signal to generate a phase differential signal functionally related to the photoluminescent decay rate of the sample.