Abstract: A memory tester of the present embodiment includes a first memory, a second memory, an arithmetic circuit, and a determination circuit. The first memory is configured to store scan input data and expected value data, the scan input data including a don't care bit, the expected value data being obtained by converting the don't care bit into a first predetermined value. The second memory is configured to store scan output data and mask data obtained by converting a value of the scan input data other than the don't care bit into a second predetermined value. The arithmetic circuit is configured to perform an exclusive or operation between the expected value data and the scan output data. The determination circuit is configured to determine whether the don't care bit of an arithmetic result from the arithmetic circuit is passed or failed by using the mask data.

Abstract: A power over fiber system includes a power sourcing equipment, a powered device, an optical fiber cable and a converter. The power sourcing equipment includes a semiconductor laser that oscillates with electric power, thereby outputting feed light. The powered device includes a photoelectric conversion element that converts the feed light into electric power. The optical fiber cable has one end connectable to the power sourcing equipment and another end connectable to the powered device to transmit the feed light. The converter converts a wavelength of the feed light.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an air communication port, and an outer casing covering an outside of a frame member of the image forming apparatus. The outer casing includes a first side surface facing in one of a first direction and a second side surface facing in one of a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The first side surface includes a first surface portion extending in a vertical direction, a second surface portion offset in the first direction from the first surface portion toward the inside of the image forming apparatus, and a third surface portion connecting the first and second surface portions. The third surface portion is provided with the air communication port penetrating the outer casing. The first, second surface and third surface portions extend to the second side surface.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an air communication port, and an outer casing covering an outside of a frame member of the image forming apparatus. The outer casing includes a first side surface facing in one of a first direction and a second side surface facing in one of a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The first side surface includes a first surface portion extending in a vertical direction, a second surface portion offset in the first direction from the first surface portion toward the inside of the image forming apparatus, and a third surface portion connecting the first and second surface portions. The third surface portion is provided with the air communication port penetrating the outer casing. The first, second surface and third surface portions extend to the second side surface.

Abstract: Examples of the preferred embodiments use an ink quantity metric (e.g., lightness L*, darkness, image density, line width) of printed content to determine thickness of fountain solution applied by a fountain solution applicator on an imaging member surface and/or determine image forming device real-time image forming modifications for subsequent printings. For example, in real-time during the printing of a print job, a sensor (e.g., spectrometer) may measure the ink quantity metric of the current printing on print substrate. Based on this measurement of printed content output from the image forming device, the image forming device may adjust image forming (e.g., fountain solution deposition flow rate) to reach or maintain a preferred fountain solution thickness on the imaging member surface for subsequent (e.g., next) printings of the print job.

Abstract: According to aspects of the embodiments, there is provided a method of determining the amount of fountain solution employed in a digital offset lithography printing system. Fountain solution thickness is determined from diagnostic images that are printed and analyzed using the existing Image Based Controls (IBC). An analysis of the density of solids, halftones, and background as a function of the fountain solution control parameter is performed to decide on the appropriate level of fountain solution. A latitude window of control parameters is then derived for which the digital offset lithography printing system in operation minimizes the undesirable effects of too much or too little fountain solution.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a controller, and a scanning unit connected with the controller via a signal line. The scanning unit includes a semiconductor laser having light emitting elements, an optical system configured to convert light emitted by each light emitting element into a beam, a deflector configured to deflect the beam received through the optical system, and a shift register including a plurality of output terminals each configured to output a light emission signal for controlling light emission from a corresponding one of the light emitting elements, and an input terminal configured to receive a shift signal from the controller via the signal line. The shift register is configured to, each time receiving the shift signal via the input terminal, shift a specific output terminal to output the light emission signal from one output terminal to another in sequence among the plurality of output terminals.

Abstract: To provide a shading correction signal generation device including a correction amount setting signal generator that generates a correction amount setting signal, a modulator that modulates the correction amount setting signal by a predetermined modulation scheme and outputs the modulation signal, and a filter circuit that filters the modulation signal to generate a shading correction signal. During a transition period, the correction amount setting signal generator generates the correction amount setting signal in which a difference between a level at an end of a predetermined period and an average level during the transition period is larger than a difference between the level at the end of the predetermined period and a level at a start of a shading correction period.

Abstract: A pulse position modulation circuit includes a delay locked loop circuit configured to include a plurality of delay circuits coupled in a cascade, each of the plurality of delay circuits being configured to delay an input signal by a time width corresponding to a control signal so as to generate an output signal, a plurality of pulse generation circuits, each of which is configured to generate a pulse with a pulse width corresponding to a phase difference between a first signal and a second signal which have different phases from each other at different timings corresponding to states of the first signal and the second signal, each of the first signal and the second signal being the input signal or the output signal of the plurality of delay circuits, and a selection circuit configured to select pulses generated by the plurality of pulse generation circuits.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a light emitting substrate which includes a transparent substrate, a plurality of light emitting element groups, and a control unit. The plurality of light emitting element groups are formed by overlapping a first light emitting element and a second light emitting element on the transparent substrate. The control unit controls light emitting of the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element of the plurality of light emitting element groups. Amounts of light emitted from the plurality of light emitting element groups are uniform.

Abstract: The present invention provides a touch display driving circuit, a driving method and a display device. The touch display driving circuit comprises a data writing control unit, a storage unit, a touch sensing unit, a driving compensation control unit, a driving unit, a light-emitting control unit and a light-emitting unit. The data writing control unit is used for controlling a voltage signal of a data line, the storage unit is used for providing a voltage for the driving unit, the light-emitting, control unit is used for controlling the light-emitting unit, the driving unit is used for providing a touch detecting current and a driving current, the driving compensation control unit is used for compensating a voltage value of the storage unit, and the touch sensing unit is used for outputting the touch detecting current and changing the voltage value of the storage unit.

Abstract: An imaging device includes an imaging unit that includes an imaging element for imaging a lower surface of continuous forms paper, an image processing unit that image-processes an image of the lower surface of the continuous forms paper captured by the imaging unit, a cable that electrically connects the imaging unit and the image processing unit with each other, and an electric box that covers the imaging element, the image processing unit, and the cable and functions as an electromagnetic shield.

Abstract: A semi-conductor chip for a print head, including: a plurality of LEDs; a drive circuit for supplying electrical power to the plurality of LEDs; and a control system calibrated to supply, using the drive circuit, the electrical power at a first magnitude to every LED in the plurality of LEDs and configured to: receive a first external clock pulse less than a second external clock pulse used to calibrate the plurality of LEDs; change the first magnitude to at least one second magnitude proportional to the first external clock pulse; receive a third external clock pulse different from the first and second external clock pulses; and energize, using the drive circuit and in response to the third external clock pulse, the plurality of LEDs for a first internal strobe time at the at least one second magnitude calculated by the control system.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a process unit, an exhaust path, and a positioning member movable between (i) a positioning position for positioning the process unit and (ii) a releasing position for releasing the process unit, the positioning member having an air path, the air path and the exhaust path being connected in a case where the positioning member is in the positioning position, and the air path and the exhaust path being disconnected in a case where the positioning member is in the releasing position.

Abstract: Provided is an optical scanning head including plural light-emitting element arrays that are arranged along a scanning direction, each of which includes plural light-emitting elements, a light-emitting control unit that outputs a light-emitting timing signal generated based on image information to each light-emitting element of the plural light-emitting element arrays to control light emission of the light-emitting element, a storage unit that is common to the plural light-emitting element arrays and stores a correction value of a light intensity variation due to an arrival time difference between the light-emitting timing signals to the plural light-emitting elements, and a correction unit that corrects the light-emitting timing signal based on the correction value.

Abstract: An optical scanning device which forms a plurality of scanning lines in parallel in a main scanning direction on a photosensitive member by a plurality of laser beams detects the curvature values in the sub-scanning direction of the scanning lines, and corrects a curvature value in the sub-scanning direction corresponding to each of the scanning lines. When detecting the curvature value, the optical scanning device detects the curvature values in the sub-scanning direction of two scanning lines, and calculates the curvature value in the sub-scanning direction of a scanning line between the two scanning lines based on the detected curvature values in the sub-scanning direction of the two scanning lines. With this arrangement, the curvatures in the sub-scanning direction of scanning lines are corrected effectively with high accuracy for all laser beams in a multi-beam optical scanning device using a VCSEL or the like.

Abstract: The method for producing an image forming apparatus includes emitting light beams from a printhead; optionally irradiating a photoreceptor with the light beams to form a latent image; optionally forming a visible image on a recording medium corresponding the latent image; obtaining plural pieces of information concerning a property of the light beams or lightness of the visible image at different positions in a direction; calculating variation width of N pieces of information corresponding to an attention area having a predetermined length in the direction; determining the number of pieces of information used for subjecting each of the N pieces of information to moving averaging, based on the variation width; when the number is two or more, subjecting each of the N pieces of information to moving averaging; and correcting quantities of light beams corresponding to the N pieces of information based on the average values.

Abstract: Provided is a document reading apparatus capable of suppressing a shock that may occur when a trailing edge of a tabbed sheet passes through a roller pair. In an image reading section, when a document to be read is the tabbed sheet, a timing to start separation of the roller pair in response to detection of a trailing edge of the document is delayed by a time period corresponding to a tab length with respect to the timing to start separation when a document other than the tabbed sheet is conveyed. Thus, it is possible to prevent the shock when the trailing edge of the tabbed sheet passes through the roller pair, and to thereby suppress image reading failure due to the shock.

Abstract: In order to perform printing by using a minimum of band buffer and correcting bending/inclination in a sub-scanning direction without making optical adjustments and using special hardware, 1-band image data are stored in the band buffer, images stored in the band buffer are corrected, images lying outside a band area are stored in an intermediate buffer, and images including images stored in the intermediate buffer and corrected images of a next band that lie inside the band area are output.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus 10a includes (i) an image input apparatus 1, (ii) a control section 5a, (iii) a document detecting section 24 including a blank page detecting section and a separator sheet detecting section, and (iv) a file creating section 31 for creating a file of image data. The image input apparatus 1 has a double-side reading function. The file creating section 31 has a blank page skipping function and a separating function. The control section 5a includes a function setting section 51 for enabling the double-side reading function and the blank page skipping function when enabling the separating function.

Abstract: The invention describes a laser plotter and a method for engraving, marking or inscribing a workpiece. Two lasers are installed in a housing of the laser plotter and may alternatively operate on the workpiece. The workpiece is positioned on a processing platform and a laser beam is sent to at least one focusing unit configured for both lasers, from which the laser beam is deflected in the direction of the workpiece. Control of the workpiece is obtained by software running in a control unit. Graphic and/or text data are prepared on an external computer or other control device, and transferred to the control unit of the laser plotter. The lasers are allocated to the transferred data based on color code, whereby a height correction value to compensate for the various focal lengths of the lasers is preloaded in the data bank for the different colors.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a request signal generating unit that generates a predetermined timing signal and transmits a request signal for a specified number of times for requesting line-by-line image data during a time interval at which the timing signal is generated; and a memory control unit that sequentially saves, in a memory unit, line-by-line image data transmitted in response to the request signal and reads line-by-line image data saved in the memory unit to transmit the line-by-line image data to a drive control unit. Upon receiving a predetermined increase request, the request signal generating unit shifts a generation timing of the timing signal so that, during the time interval, the request signal can be transmitted for an increased number of times than the specified number of times, and gradually shortens the timing signal by a predetermined shortening time period.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus shifts dots of a recording dot pattern by half of a dot pitch in a main scanning direction to generate a shift dot pattern, corrects a jagged outline of the shift dot pattern caused by shifted dots using correction dots to generate a corrected shift dot pattern, and determines an increased number of ink droplets to be additionally ejected from one or more of a plurality of nozzles to form the shifted dot or the correction dot of the corrected shift dot pattern with an increased dot size, based on an estimated shift value indicating the displacement in landing position of ink droplets forming the dot of the recording dot pattern.

Abstract: A visible laser beam scanned by a galvano-scanner system is aligned at each of positioning points on the top surface of a master work by manual operation to record sensor position signals of position sensors on galvano-scanners. The sensor position signals on each positioning point are recorded to create a drive pattern in accordance with recorded sensor position signals. The drive pattern no longer has optics system error sources including focus error and attachment error as well as errors caused by scale, offset and the like, also eliminating the need for entering a distance as far as the top surface of the work. Therefore, the drive pattern with error components removed can be created with ease.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing laser texturing of solid substrates are disclosed. The texturing may be used to provide grayscale images obtainable from substrates, which may include steel, aluminum, glass, and silicon. In some embodiments, images may be obtainable from the substrate by modifying the reflective, diffractive, and/or absorptive features of the substrate or the substrate surface by forming random, periodic, and/or semi-periodic micro-structure features on the substrate (or substrate surface) by an ultrafast laser pulse train. The ultrafast pulse train may be modulated in order to vary, for example, optical exposure time, pulse train intensity, laser polarization, laser wavelength, or a combination of the aforementioned. The ultrafast pulse train and the substrate may be scanned with respect to each other to provide different optical energies to different regions of the substrate (or substrate surface).

Abstract: An optical scanning unit includes a light source including a plurality of light-emitting elements; a light detector to detect a light beam emitted from the light source; a light-flux splitter, angled to the optical axis of the light beam emitted from the light source, having an aperture, a portion of reduced thickness susceptible to warping, a concave face of the warped light-flux splitter as a reflecting face, and a convex face of the warped light-flux splitter opposite the concave face as a non-reflecting face; and a light-flux splitter pressing unit to press the light-flux splitter onto a light-flux splitter holding member without blocking the aperture. Light beam passed the aperture is used as a write-use light flux. The reflecting face reflects a light flux other than the write-use light flux as a monitor-use light flux. The light-flux splitter pressing unit presses a portion of maximum convexity of the non-reflecting face.

Abstract: An optical scanning apparatus includes a light source, rotational polygonal mirror, correction data calculating unit, modification computing unit, and adjustment unit. The adjustment unit adjusts drive current supplied to the light source using the correction data calculated by the correction data calculating unit when a first of a plurality of modes is selected or using the correction data calculated by the modification computing unit when a second of the plurality of modes is selected.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling registration sensors are provided, in which a transfer unit transfers an electrostatic latent image onto a printing medium, at least one registration sensor senses image alignment errors by irradiating light to the transfer unit to sense reflected light, a sensor data storage unit stores characteristics data of the respective registration sensors, and a sensor control unit controls the registration sensors based on the characteristics data of the respective registration sensors, wherein the registration sensors are placed into the transfer unit. Accordingly, time for performing an algorithm of color registration can be reduced, and registration can be achieved correctly in a short time, irrespective of a set frame of the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: A relief print master is created by printing a sequence of layers on top of each other by an inkjet printing system. The top layer corresponds with the binary halftoned image that is to be printed by the print master and the lower intermediate layers are supporting layers. The features in a lower supporting layer have an area that is larger than the corresponding features in a higher supporting layer. A circular spread function is applied on the features of a higher intermediate layer to increase the area of the features in a lower intermediate layer. By using a sequence of two non-circular spread functions, the circular spread function is approximated and the number of required calculations can be reduced.

Abstract: A scanning optical apparatus capable of forming a preferable image, includes a light source unit, a rotational polygon mirror having a plurality of deflection surfaces for deflectively scanning a light flux emerged from the light source unit, an incident optical system for imaging the light flux as a line image on the deflection surfaces; and an imaging optical system which has one or more imaging lenses, images the light flux that has passed through the rotational polygon mirror on a surface to be scanned, and brings the deflection surfaces and the surface to be scanned into a conjugate relationship with each other in a sub scanning section, in which at least one of the imaging lenses of the imaging optical system has a lens surface formed into a non-arcked shape in the sub scanning section, and is held by a holding member so as to be movable.

Abstract: A deflector deflects a light beam from a light source. A scanning optical system focuses the light beam deflected by the deflector. An image carrying member is located at a focal position of the light beam and includes a surface that is scanned in a main scanning direction with the light beam focused by the scanning optical system. One pixel of an image is formed by a plurality of light spots having different focal positions in at least a sub-scanning direction. At least one light spot from among the light spots is formed on the surface of the image carrying member at a scan timing different from those of rest of the light spots.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for optimizing the phase lock loop circuitry of sub-pixel clock generators for situations where frequent switching between different system printing speeds, and hence clock frequencies are required. An optimizing circuit is associated with a sub-pixel clock generator for clamping an input voltage to a voltage controlled oscillator controlling clock frequency between a desired range. The clamping circuitry comprises a comparator for detecting when the voltage has moved out of the desired range and then charges or discharges a loop filter circuit controlling the input voltage to the VCO to keep the input voltage within the desired range.

Abstract: A method comprises selecting a first and second datum stored in an array of image data and corresponding to a first and second defective inkjet ejector, the second defective inkjet ejector being within a search pattern positioned about the first datum, modifying the search pattern positioned about the first datum in response to detection of the second datum being within the search pattern positioned about the first datum, identifying a third datum stored in the array of image data and being within the modified search pattern positioned about the first datum, the third datum corresponding to a first functional inkjet ejector, modifying the third datum with reference to the first datum, and operating the first functional inkjet ejector with reference to the modified third datum to compensate for the first defective inkjet ejector being unable to eject ink corresponding to the first datum.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing laser texturing of solid substrates are disclosed. The texturing may be used to provide grayscale images obtainable from substrates, which may include steel, aluminum, glass, and silicon. In some embodiments, images may be obtainable from the substrate by modifying the reflective, diffractive, and/or absorptive features of the substrate or the substrate surface by forming random, periodic, and/or semi-periodic micro-structure features on the substrate (or substrate surface) by an ultrafast laser pulse train. The ultrafast pulse train may be modulated in order to vary, for example, optical exposure time, pulse train intensity, laser polarization, laser wavelength, or a combination of the aforementioned. The ultrafast pulse train and the substrate may be scanned with respect to each other to provide different optical energies to different regions of the substrate (or substrate surface).

Abstract: A control device includes a shape information storage storing shape information to be plotted, a stroke generation unit generating first and second stroke data having transmission start and end coordinates of first and second strokes, a scanning start time computation unit determining scanning start time of the second stroke by adjusting, when selecting first and second points having a shortest distance, a waiting time to scan the second stroke, a traveling rate from the transmission end coordinates of the first stroke to the transmission start coordinates of the second stroke, and scanning rates of scanning the first and second strokes to have a desired time interval between the selected points, a plotting instruction generation unit generating plotting instructions including the scanning start time of the second stroke and the transmission start and end coordinates of the first and second strokes, a plotting instruction storage storing the plotting instructions, and a plotting instruction execution unit exe

Abstract: Height conversion matrices for determining heights of halftone dot convexities are generated based on raster image data. Based on the height conversion matrices and binary image data, amount-of-exposure data are generated in order to produce a printing relief plate in which the halftone dot convexities have heights at a plurality of height levels in a screen tint region, which is formed based on the binary image data. Based on the amount-of-exposure data, a printing plate material is exposed to a light beam, thereby producing a printing relief plate.

Abstract: A system and method of controlling printing of a print job in a printing system is provided. The print job includes a first section and a second section, with each one of the first and second sections including copyrighted content for which copyright clearance is required prior to printing. In one example of operation, the first and second sections are stored in memory and it is determined that copyright clearance is unavailable for one of the first and second sections. In response to such determining, either (1) printing of the one of the first and second sections is prohibited until it can be determined that a selected condition has been met, or (2) at least one operation is performed with respect to the one of the first and second sections so that only pages for which copyright clearance has been obtained can be printed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for adding data to a printed publication are provided. One system comprises a data source for providing the data, a processing circuit, and an energy source. The processing circuit is configured to retrieve the data from the data source and to control the energy source to at least partially ablate the printed publication based on the data. The publication is printed by a web offset printing press as the substrate travels through a plurality of print units of the web offset printing press. The processing circuit is configured to control the energy source to ablate the printed publication in-line with its production on the print units.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a positioning unit that acquires a misalignment amount of a pixel in a main-scanning direction and a sub-scanning direction, the pixel as a reference pixel for zooming image data, and decides a position of a pixel as a correction target, based on the misalignment amount; a correcting unit that corrects the pixel; a zooming unit that controls the positioning unit and the correcting unit so as to repeatedly perform the positioning process and the correction process on a pixel line; a pattern recognition unit that performs pattern matching on a predetermined pattern and a predetermined pixel line; and a pixel position changing unit that shifts the decided pixel position in the sub-scanning direction, wherein the zooming unit performs the zooming process on the pixel line of the sub-scanning direction including the pixel that is located at shifted pixel position.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus including a memory element and a processor for a specially programmed general purpose computer. The memory element stores correction data for a plurality of locations on a photoreceptor for the image recording apparatus. The processor is for: inducing a charge on the photoconductive layer; receiving image data including, for said each location in the plurality of locations, a first or second desired voltage level; calculating, using the correction and image data, respective desired output power levels for a LED printbar for the apparatus, aligned with the plurality of locations, to discharge each location to the one of the first or second desired charge level, the respective desired output power levels selected to compensate for variances of respective induced charge levels at the plurality of locations; and supplying respective power inputs to the plurality of LEDs to generate the respective desired output power levels.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a light source that emits first and second light beams, and an optical splitter to which the first and second light beams deflected by an optical deflector are incident. Principal rays of the first and second light beams incident to the optical splitter are nonparallel to each other in a plane orthogonal to a main-scanning direction. Transmitted light from the optical splitter out of the first light beam and reflected light from the optical splitter out of the second light beam are guided to corresponding scanning target surfaces, and transmitted light from the optical splitter out of the second light beam and reflected light from the optical splitter out of the first light beam reach none of the scanning target surfaces.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes DMA control units each of which is provided with DMA controllers. Each DMA controller is provided with a plurality of data buffers respectively corresponding to different addresses in a subscanning direction. Each of a predetermined number of pixel data in a main scanning direction is stored in an associated one of the data buffers. Pixel data stored in each of the data buffers are output to an image memory based on the address in the subscanning direction, which corresponds to the associated data buffer.

Abstract: A problem of the present invention is to provide an image forming device which can minimize density unevenness due to interpolation processing. For solving the above problem, an image forming device according to the present invention is an image forming device including printing unit for printing an image by scanning a photosensitive body comprising correcting unit for correcting a position in which the image is printed, wherein the correcting unit outputs one of a data of a line of interest, a data of a line adjacent to the line of interest, and a data of an intermediate value between the line of interest and the line adjacent to the line of interest in accordance with a pixel shift amount and a main scan pixel position, and the printing unit scans the photosensitive body based upon the outputted data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling registration sensors are provided, in which a transfer unit transfers an electrostatic latent image onto a printing medium, at least one registration sensor senses image alignment errors by irradiating light to the transfer unit to sense reflected light, a sensor data storage unit stores characteristics data of the respective registration sensors, and a sensor control unit controls the registration sensors based on the characteristics data of the respective registration sensors, wherein the registration sensors are placed into the transfer unit. Accordingly, time for performing an algorithm of color registration can be reduced, and registration can be achieved correctly in a short time, irrespective of a set frame of the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: In an image processing system including an image processing apparatus 30 for receiving and memorizing image data created based on print data of a Page Description Language onto a memory section 35 while performing a processing based on the image data, the image processing system includes a control section (memory management section 31a) for calculating a remaining amount of a capacity of the memory section 35 and a remaining amount of a quantity of the image data that can be memorized to the memory section 35, for selecting the lesser of the remaining amount of a quantity of the image data and the remaining amount of a capacity of the memory section 35 and for performing a control based on the selected remaining amount.

Abstract: A power saving apparatus and method for imaging modules in a variable data lithography system is provided. The imaging modules are arranged adjacent to each other to project a scan line of imaging data on a rotating imaging member in a variable data lithography system. The imaging module includes a look ahead buffer which stores imaging data and from which the stored data is read out for projection on the imaging member. The power saving apparatus uses an image look ahead concept to save part of the power consumed in the imaging modules in the projection mode of operation by selectively powering each laser source based on the imaging data in the look ahead buffer.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing laser texturing of solid substrates are disclosed. The texturing may be used to provide grayscale images obtainable from substrates, which may include steel, aluminum, glass, and silicon. In some embodiments, images may be obtainable from the substrate by modifying the reflective, diffractive, and/or absorptive features of the substrate or the substrate surface by forming random, periodic, and/or semi-periodic micro-structure features on the substrate (or substrate surface) by an ultrafast laser pulse train. The ultrafast pulse train may be modulated in order to vary, for example, optical exposure time, pulse train intensity, laser polarization, laser wavelength, or a combination of the aforementioned. The ultrafast pulse train and the substrate may be scanned with respect to each other to provide different optical energies to different regions of the substrate (or substrate surface).

Abstract: A method for printing an image, the method includes the steps of defining a media support surface; advancing a print medium onto the support surface; emitting light from a first side of the print medium toward the defined surface; moving a sensor on a second side of the print medium along a scan direction; monitoring the position of the sensor as it moves along the scan direction; sensing the light on the second side of the print medium which is opposite the first side as the light passes through the print medium to a sensor; providing memory for storing patterns representing particular media types; providing a processor for comparing signals from the sensor to patterns stored in the memory in order to identify media type; identifying the print medium type; selecting a print mode based on the identified print medium type; processing an image according to the selected print mode; and printing the image on the print medium.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a positioning unit that acquires a misalignment amount of a pixel in a main-scanning direction and a sub-scanning direction, the pixel as a reference pixel for zooming image data, and decides a position of a pixel as a correction target, based on the misalignment amount; a correcting unit that corrects the pixel; a zooming unit that controls the positioning unit and the correcting unit so as to repeatedly perform the positioning process and the correction process on a pixel line; a pattern recognition unit that performs pattern matching on a predetermined pattern and a predetermined pixel line; and a pixel position changing unit that shifts the decided pixel position in the sub-scanning direction, wherein the zooming unit performs the zooming process on the pixel line of the sub-scanning direction including the pixel that is located at shifted pixel position.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for optimizing the phase lock loop circuitry of sub-pixel clock generators for situations where frequent switching between different system printing speeds, and hence clock frequencies are required. A timing control logic circuitry is associated with the sub-pixel clock generator for a graduated change in charge pump current. The timing control logic circuitry comprises a plurality of current generators serially connected with the charge pump current via associated switches for the selective adjustment of charge pump current in a graduated manner.