Abstract: A function approximation processing method comprises inputting and binarizing image data, extracting contour from the binarized image data, estimating tangent points in horizontal and vertical directions from the contour, and approximating contour between adjacent tangent points among the estimated tangent points with a predetermined function, thereby an input object such as a character or a figure can be processed at high speed, and outline data with high image quality can be generated with a reduced number of points.

Abstract: A scaling system and method for scaling a bitonal image that has print density control. A system for scaling a bitonal image is provide that includes: a polarity detection system for detecting a polarity of the bitonal image; a pixel reduction system that generates a scaled image by reducing pixel pairs down to single scaled pixels by selectively applying either a normal or reverse set of pixel reduction rules, wherein an applied set of pixel reduction rules is determined based on a detected polarity; and a line density control system that allows the scaled image to be made lighter or darker by changing the applied set of pixel reduction rules.

Abstract: Pantograph background and foreground pairs that perform well in one printer may not perform as well in another. The main problem that occurs is the message is easily seen on the original print. By adjusting the background pattern quality, the pantograph is adjusted for optimal performance for a particular printer. The background pattern is adjusted by first adjusting the pixel density in the background pattern and second, by adding the adjusted cluster background pixel pattern.

Abstract: The invention provides for a printer having a controller configured to perform a method of page expansion and printing of image data received from a computer. The method includes the steps of receiving a page description from the computer, the page having a bi-level black layer and a continuous tone (“contone”) layer, and decompressing the respective layers in parallel. The method also includes the steps of halftoning the contone layer data to bi-level data, compositing the bi-level black layer over the bi-level data to form an image, and printing the composite image with a pagewidth printhead.

Abstract: An image generating apparatus includes a color correcting unit, a setting unit and an image generating unit. The color correcting unit corrects a drawing color of each image element. When at least one of color components of the corrected drawing color of each image element meets a predetermined condition, the setting unit sets the at least one of the color components to a predetermined value. The image generating unit draws each image element with the drawing color subjected to the correcting and the setting, to generate an image. When the image element, which is to be drawn with the drawing color including the at least one of the color components, is drawn to overlap another image element, the image generating unit draws a color component, which is same as the at least one of the color components, of a drawing color of the other image element without overwriting.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of printing a compressed image having a bi-level black data layer and a continuous tone (contone) CMYK data layer. The method includes the steps of receiving the image from an image host, expanding the image by decompressing the two data layers in parallel, and halftoning the contone CMYK layer data into a bi-level CMYK data layer. The method also includes the steps of compositing the bi-level black layer over the bi-level CMYK layer to form a composited bi-level CMYK image, and finally printing the composited bi-level CMYK image with a pagewidth printhead onto a print medium.

Abstract: Provided is a page expansion and printing method for a pagewidth inkjet printer. The method features the step of receiving a page description having a bi-level black layer and a contone CMYK (Cyan Magenta Yellow black) layer from a host and storing said page description in a memory. The method also includes the steps of decompressing the respective layers in parallel, halftoning the contone CMYK layer to bi-level CMYK, compositing the bi-level black layer over the bi-level CMYK layer, and transmitting the image to a memory buffer for printing by the pagewidth printer.

Abstract: A system for generating digital swatch books, comprising a simulation component for generating, based on a set of standard reference colors and based on at least one reproduction system profile representing a reproduction system's color reproduction characteristics, digital swatch book information representing a simulated set of reference colors associated with the original set of reference colors, as reproduced by the reproduction system; the system further comprising a portable document format generation component for generating, from said digital swatch book information, a multi-layer portable document format file comprising a first layer encoding first swatch book output information for viewing the digital swatch book on a display device, and a second layer encoding second swatch book output information for printing the digital swatch book on a printing device.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and method for halftone screening. A system for halftone screening includes means adapted to receive image data having a desired number of tonal levels representative of a continuous tone image and means adapted to compress the received image data from a desired number of tonal levels to image data having a lesser number of tonal levels. The system further includes a memory including a look-up table, the look-up table including each of the lesser number of tonal levels and an array containing screen frequency data for each of the lesser number of tonal levels. The system still further includes means adapted for communicating the image data containing each of the lesser number of tonal levels to the look-up table, whereby corresponding screen frequency data is output therefrom.

Abstract: A high-resolution printing method includes the steps of determining if a pixel of a plurality of pixels is a true black pixel and positioning the true black pixel in a predetermined column and a predetermined row of a print matrix.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus receives and binarizes image data in accordance with first and second algorithms to output first and second binarized data which are in turn compared and in accordance with a result of the comparison a region to be corrected is determined in the first binarized data. The region to be corrected then has a value of a pixel binarized in accordance with a third algorithm and replaced with the binarized value.

Abstract: Methods and procedures for improving the performance and reliability of image analysis within an image identification system include a series of image qualification functions designed to quickly process a fraction of available image data and to provide feedback to a system user pertaining to image quality and authenticity. Functions designed to produce image models based on original image data and to catalogue such image models into a searchable database are included in the present invention. The present invention also includes functions for comparing one image model to another. Finally, the present invention provides functions for making a quick determination as to which, if any, of a potential thousands (or more, i.e., millions) of image models within a searchable database exhibit a desired level of similarity, as compared to a target image model.

Abstract: A rasterizer generates bitmap images of RGB on the basis of object data inputted from a printer driver and stores the result in an image memory. The rasterizer brings attribute information representing attributes of the input object data into correspondence with each pixel of the generated bitmap images to store in an attribute map memory. An image processing unit converts RGB bitmap images stored in the image memory into binary bitmap data for each of YMCK colors which can be processed by an image forming unit. The contents of conversion processing such as dither matrix for binarization processing are switched on the basis of the attribute information retained in the attribute map memory.

Abstract: A telestrator system is disclosed that allows a broadcaster to annotate video during or after an event. For example, while televising a sporting event, an announcer (or other user) can use the present invention to draw over the video of the event to highlight one or more actions, features, etc. In one embodiment, when the announcer draws over the video, it appears that the announcer is drawing on the field or location of the event. Such an appearance can be performed by mapping the pixels location from the user's drawing to three dimensional locations at the event. Other embodiments include drawing on the video without obscuring persons and/or other specified objects, and/or smoothing the drawings in real time.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for printing data on a print medium is disclosed. The apparatus is configured to format print data to pixel data, the pixel data including pixel values; identify a grid of pixels having a predetermined pattern of pixel values; obtain predetermined pcode grid from memory for the identified grid of pixels; and send the predetermined pcode grid to controller circuit for printing.

Abstract: A method of reproducing an image, comprising: creating a, or using an already existing, bitmap-input image; finding zones in the input image containing text; determining colors of pixels, characters, or larger text items in the text zones; reproducing the image, wherein pixels, characters or larger text items with a color near to a primary color are reproduced in the primary color.

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments of systems and methods for eliminating or reducing the distortion in a scanned image. In embodiments, the image is segmented into foreground and background pixels. Foreground pixels may be grouped into “letters.” Using index-based searching, “letters” may be grouped into “words” and “words” may be grouped into baselines. One or more dominant baselines may be selected and the characteristics of the dominant baseline or baselines may be used to unwarp the image.

Abstract: The invention provides for a printer having a controller configured to perform a method of page expansion and printing of image data received from a computer. The method includes the steps of receiving a page description from the computer, the page having a bi-level black layer and a continuous tone (“contone”) layer, and decompressing the respective layers in parallel. The method also includes the steps of halftoning the contone layer data to bi-level data, compositing the bi-level black layer over the bi-level data to form an image, and printing the composite image with a pagewidth printhead.

Abstract: This invention provides for a print system for a pagewidth printer. The print system includes a central processing unit (CPU) subsystem having a CPU with a plurality of peripherals configured to interface said print system with the printer and to control operation of the printer. Also included is a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) subsystem configured to store print data and to arbitrate requests received from the CPU subsystem, and a print engine pipeline (PEP) subsystem configured to accept compressed pages from the DRAM subsystem and to render said pages to bi-level dots for printing by a bi-lithic printhead of the pagewidth printer.

Abstract: Methods and procedures for improving the performance and reliability of image analysis within an image identification system include a series of image qualification functions designed to quickly process a fraction of available image data and to provide feedback to a system user pertaining to image quality and authenticity. Functions designed to produce image models based on original image data and to catalogue such image models into a searchable database are included in the present invention. The present invention also includes functions for comparing one image model to another. Finally, the present invention provides functions for making a quick determination as to which, if any, of a potential thousands (or more, i.e., millions) of image models within a searchable database exhibit a desired level of similarity, as compared to a target image model.

Abstract: A method and system to convert an electronic image file described in a page description language containing both contone and non-contone image objects to an intermediate binary format image. The intermediate format image separately encodes the contone and non-contone image objects. The contone image objects are edge-tagged. Prior to printing, the intermediate binary format page image is separated into the contone and non-contone image objects. The contone image objects are converted back to a contone form using the edge tagging to modify the filter weights of a digital filter. The non-contone image objects are converted to contone form by means of a pattern matching scheme.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image processing apparatus including: a determining section to determine a target picture element and a partner picture element thereof in a subject image to be processed; a smoothing coefficient calculating section to obtain change amounts of picture element values in the target and partner picture elements by smoothing processing; a thinning coefficient calculating section for obtaining change amounts of picture element values in the target and partner picture elements by thinning processing, a picture element value calculating section to calculate picture element values of the target and partner picture elements processed by the smoothing processing and/or the thinning processing based on the change amounts, and to determine an output picture element value of the target picture element based on a sum of the calculated picture element values of the target picture element and partner picture element.

Abstract: A method for image processing data representing a page to be printed includes the step of respectively receiving, in a data processing apparatus, external to a printer, data representing a bi-level black layer and a contone layer of a page to be printed. In the data processing apparatus, a halftoning process is applied to data representing the contone layer to form a bi-level cyan, yellow, magenta, and black (CYMK) layer. In the data processing apparatus, a compositing process is applied to data representing the bi-level black layer to composite the bi-level black layer over the bi-level CYMK layer to form a bi-level CYMK image of the page to be printed. The data representing the halftoned and composited layers is compressed to generate compressed image data. The compressed image data is written to the printer. An expansion process is applied to the compressed image data in the printer to generate data representing the page to be printed. The page is printed with the printer.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus scans image data along a row in an x direction, and if a series of black pixels having a length equal to or more than a first threshold is detected, the series of black pixels is determined as a rule and erased. Furthermore, if a series of black pixels having a length equal to or more than a second threshold that is connected to the rule and extends in a y direction is detected, the series of black pixels is determined as a rule and erased.

Abstract: Compressed page data incorporating compressed contone CMYK data and bi-level black data is received. The contone CMYK data and bi-level black data are expanded in parallel operations. The CMYK contone data is composited to bi-level CMYK data. The bi-level black data is composited over the bi-level CMYK data. The composited bi-level and CMYK data is then printed.

Abstract: A method to detect frequency and angle of a binary halftone pattern. The method employs an exclusive-or operation which is applied locally to a region of a binary bit map and its spatially shifted version. The resulting bits from the exclusive-or operation are summed over the region. The exclusive-or operation is repeated for a range of shift values. In a halftone region, the shift at which the minimum sum occurs reflects the angle and the frequency of the halftone.

Abstract: In an image conversion method of performing an image conversion between binary area tonal image-to-binary area tonal image, an image conversion apparatus, and an image conversion program storage medium storing an image conversion program which causes a computer to operate as such an image conversion apparatus, a binary area tonal image is once converted into a multi-level image, and pixel values of the multi-level image are converted. An areal ration of each divided area corresponding to the associated pixel of the multi-value image, of the original binary area tonal image is increased or decreased in accordance with the difference value between the pixel values of the associated pixels between the multi-value image after conversion of the pixel value and the multi-value image before conversion of the pixel value.

Abstract: An integrated circuit fabricated on a single substrate. The integrated circuit includes a data bus and purpose-specific functional units connected to the data bus. The functional units include a JPEG decoder, a compressed bi-level expander, a halftoner, and a printhead interface. A general-purpose processor may also be connected to the data bus for controlling the functional units. The processor may be connected to run software that coordinates the functional units to receive, expand and print pages.

Abstract: It is necessary that paper be moved past the printhead at a constant velocity to obtain artifact-free printing. Therefore the printhead requires a constant stream of data during printing. Whilst it is possible to rasterize the page using a page description language directly to the printhead, it is uneconomical. Hence the redering is carried out in the PC. However, the standard USB peripheral connection is the standard connection on PCs, which places a constraint on the limit of data per page that can be transmitted to the printer and still obtain a reasonable rate of printing. Thus the contone images and graphics are rendered in the PC to a pixel level, and the black text and graphics are rendered in the PC to a dot level, where the rendered data is compressed and transmitted to the printer. The transmitted data is decompressed and combined and the images overlaid and printed.

Abstract: In order to avoid print buffer under-run a printing method involves a printer printing a rendered first page of print data while another page is rendered in a connected computer. Simultaneously, a previously rendered page of print data is transmitted from the computer to the printer. Typically the connection between the computer and the printer is a relatively low bandwidth connection such as a USB, parallel port or 10 Base-T Ethernet connection. In order to rapidly transmit the rendered pages of print data across the low bandwidth connection the computer applies data compression to the print data.

Abstract: A printer controller for a pagewidth printer includes input interface circuitry configured to receive page description data in the form of bi-level data and contone data. Decompression circuitry is configured to decompress, in parallel processes, the bi-level data and the contone data. Halftoning circuitry receives and halftones the decompressed contone data. Compositing circuitry receives and composites the bi-level data. Printhead interface circuitry is configured to provide a pagewidth printhead with print data generated by the combined operation of the halftoning and compositing circuitry.

Abstract: A printer is provided comprising a pagewidth inkjet printhead for printing bi-level dots of ink onto print media at a resolution of 800 to 1600 dpi and a controller for controlling the pagewidth inkjet printhead. The controller comprises a receiver for receiving compressed page data to be printed by the printhead, a first decoder configured to decode any compressed continuous tone image planes in the received compressed page data at a resolution of up to 320 ppi in each plane, a second decoder configured to decode any compressed bi-level image planes in the received compressed page data at a resolution of 320 to 1600 dpi in each plane, a half-toner/compositor for creating a composite image by halftoning the decoded continuous tone image planes and compositing the decoded bi-level image planes over the halftoned continuous tone image planes, and a printhead driver arranged to output the composite image to the printhead.

Abstract: A printer controller for supplying dot data to a printhead in a predetermined order, the printhead comprising at least first and second printhead modules, each of which comprises a plurality of printing nozzles and being disposed adjacent each other such that a printing width of the printhead is wider than a printing width of either of the printhead modules, the printer controller being configured to order and time supply of the dot data to the printhead modules in accordance with their respective widths, such that a difference in relative widths of the printhead modules is at least partially compensated for.

Abstract: Where the bandwidth of a data link between a printer and a computer is limited it may be desirable to transmit compressed page layout data over the data link. A printer controller chip is provided that processes compressed page layout data corresponding to a page layout having a bi-level black layer and a continuous tone graphics layer. The printer controller includes a number of functional modules including an edge delta runlength (EDRL) expander to derive bi-level black layer data from the compressed data. The controller also incorporates a JPEG decoder to derive continuous tone layer data from the compressed data. A halftoner and compositer module is provided to halftone the continuous tone data to bi-level CMYK data and to composite the bi-level layout data over the bi-level CMYK data to produce page layout print data. A printhead interface processes the page layout print data to generate signals to drive a pagewidth printhead.

Abstract: A print engine controller for an inkjet printhead assembly includes a data bus. A data interface and a memory interface are connected to the data bus for loading compressed page data into the data bus. Contone expansion circuitry is connected to the data bus to expand a contone layer of the compressed page data. Bi-level expansion circuitry is connected to the data bus to expand a bi-level layer of the compressed page data. Tag encoder circuitry is connected to the data bus to establish infrared tag data according to protocols associated with that page. Halftoner and compositor circuitry is connected to the expansion and tag encoder circuitry to halftone and composite the expanded contone and bi-level layers and the infrared tags. Printhead interface circuitry is connected to the halftoner and compositor circuitry and is configured to receive the halftoned and composited data and to generate print data suitable for printing by a micro-electromechanical printhead.

Abstract: The colors used for forming an image are limited in advance to a predetermined number of color patterns called representative colors; on the host side the image data received is divided into blocks, for each of which a representative color is determined in a representative color code conversion unit; the representative colors and their associated representative color codes are transmitted to the printer side; and on the printer side the representative color codes are converted into dot patterns in a pattern conversion unit for each pass before being output. The above procedure allows a series of processing—resolution conversion, masking/UCR processing, output ? correction and binarization processing—to be realized with a simple configuration.

Abstract: An image-processing device applies a predetermined process to input image data so as to output the processed image data. The image-processing device comprises a medium-density detection unit, an expansion unit, and a non-character edge judgment unit. The medium-density detection unit detects a medium-density field of an image represented by the image data. The expansion unit applies an expansion process to the medium-density field detected by the medium-density detection unit. The non-character edge judgment unit judges the medium-density field applied with the expansion process by the expansion unit as a non-character edge field of the image represented by the image data.

Abstract: When an engine unit of a printing apparatus issues a calibration request, a controller unit of the printing apparatus stores correction data in a storage unit. Upon printing, a data controller checks if the correction data is stored in the storage unit. If the correction data is stored, the data controller forms a correction table on the basis of the correction data. The data controller corrects print data in accordance with the correction table, and generates binary image data. The data controller then sends the binary image data to the printing apparatus to make the apparatus print.

Abstract: A method of printing and the related printer architecture for receiving compressed page data that includes both contone data and foreground bi-level data. Both the contone data and the foreground bi-level data are decompressed. The contone data is halftoned to bi-level color data. The foreground bi-level data is composited over the bi-level color data to create composited bi-level color image data that is then printed. The related printer architecture includes an integrated circuit that includes a processor bus and purpose-specific functional units each connected to the processor bus. The functional units include a JPEG decoder, a bi-level decoder, a halftoner, and a program ROM. A general-purpose processor is connected to the processor bus for controlling the functional units. The processor runs software that coordinates the functional units to receive, expand and print pages.

Abstract: It is necessary that paper be moved past the printhead at a constant velocity to obtain artifact-free printing. Therefore the printhead requires a constant stream of data during printing. Whilst it is possible to rasterize the page using a page description language directly to the printhead, it is uneconomical. Hence the redering is carried out in the PC. However, the standard USB peripheral connection is the standard connection on PCs, which places a constraint on the limit of data per page that can be transmitted to the printer and still obtain a reasonable rate of printing. Thus the contone images and graphics are rendered in the PC to a pixel level, and the black text and graphics are rendered in the PC to a dot level, where the rendered data is compressed and transmitted to the printer. The transmitted data is decompressed and combined and the images overlaid and printed.

Abstract: It is necessary that paper be moved past the printhead at a constant velocity to obtain artifact—free printing. Therefore the printhead requires a constant stream of data during printing. Whilst it is possible to rasterize the page using a page description language directly to the printhead, it is uneconomical. Hence the redering is carried out in the PC. However, the standard USB peripheral connection is the standard connection on PCs, which places a constraint on the limit of data per page that can be transmitted to the printer and still obtain a reasonable rate of printing. Thus the contone images and graphics are rendered in the PC to a pixel level, and the black text and graphics are rendered in the PC to a dot level, where the rendered data is compressed and transmitted to the printer. The transmitted data is decompressed and combined and the images overlaid and printed.

Abstract: The printer's page description contains a contone layer and a black layer. The black layer is conceptually above the black layer and is composited over the contone layer by the printer. The print driver therefore maintains a page buffer which correspondingly contains a medium-resolution contone layer and a high resolution black layer. It is therefore necessary to determine where an object being placed on the contone layer obscures something on the black layer. When an obscuration occurs the obscured black pixels are composited with the contone layer and removed from the black layer.

Abstract: Automatic interpretation processing operations, such as character recognition, require a binary image of information-bearing image elements and a background. Digital image data produced by scanning a color-containing document frequently contain many different colors so that a division into information-bearing image elements and background is not evident. The invention divides connected components (contiguous pixels with the same color) in the digital image into background and other connected components, whereafter the other connected components are allocated, in accordance with a predetermined criterion, either to the background or to a foreground. The foreground connected components are combined into information elements suitable for the automatic interpretation processing. The division into information-bearing image elements and background can be preceded by a color quantisation processing of the digital image data.

Abstract: The image processing equipment produces an image of enhanced quality, having dots with higher density than in an original image, by collating an original image with templates. The present invention reduces required number of templates. Original image data in a collation window is either mirror-converted, flip-converted or flip-and-mirror-converted in an array converter (33) and selected on a time-division basis to collate with a single template pattern (34). The effect is equivalent to the collation with maximum four templates. Thus the number of template patterns to be prepared is greatly reduced. Also, by preparing additional patterns to be stored into an area that became vacant attributed to the reduction of patterns, more sophisticated image enhancement may be attained.

Abstract: A smoothing method extracts an evaluation window including a target pixel of a multi-value image data in which tone is represented by a multi-value in units of pixels, and judges black and white of the target pixel according to a predetermined rule, and binarizes pixel data within the evaluation window. Further, the smoothing method generates a correction value based on collating binarized pixel data within the evaluation window and a look-up table which stores patterns in vicinities of the target pixel, and outputs a multi-value correction signal in which the correction value is converted into a multi-value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the image compression and restoring method for binary images that can be used in binary image equipment including printers. In the present invention, an image is not compressed by each pixel but by cell that combines four pixels. And each cell is compressed in two steps. In the first step, the number of black pixels contained in the cell is compressed. And in the second step, using the number of pixels the information compressed in the previous step, the exact location of pixels that constitute the cell is compressed. By doing this, the compression rate can be increased. And even when the compressed bit rows are restored in the first step, image restoration is available with just a small degradation.

Abstract: A print engine/controller suited to use with a drop on demand print head. The print engine/controller works with compressed page data having both JPEG contone image layers and a bi-level image plane compressed using a Group 4 facsimile protocol. It receives compressed image plane's and effects expansion and printing in a pipeline fashion. It consists of a high speed serial interface 27 (such as a standard IEEE 1394 interface), a standard JPEG decoder 28, a standard Group 4 Fax decoder, a halftoner/compositor unit 29, a tag encoder 30 by which to place infrared tags into a printed page, a line loader/formatter unit 31 feeding an interface 32 to the print head 33. The decoders 28,88 and encoder 30 are buffered to the halftoner/compositor 29.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method, system, and logic for processing pixel data. A first and second logic units each receive line work data and control data for pixels on a sheet from at least one object. The control data for one pixel indicates whether to use the line work data for the pixel or contone data for the pixel. Multiple objects may provide line work data and control data for a same pixel. The first and second logic units output control data indicating to use contone data or line work data for the pixel. A third logic unit receives the line work and control data outputted from the first and second logic units. The third logic unit then outputs control data indicating to use the contone data or line work data for the pixel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method, system, program, and data structure for generating raster objects. A plurality of input contone and line work objects are received containing contone or line work data for at least one pixel on a sheet. For each input contone object, at least one output contone object is generated including color data for each pixel in the input contone object. For each input line work object, at least one output line work object is generated including color data for each pixel in the input print data object. Control data is generated for each pixel indicating whether to select data from the output line work object or output contone object for the pixel, wherein the control data is used by logic to select color data from the output line work object or output contone object for pixel data to send to an output device to render the pixel data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing original image data that is bit mapped in a main-scanning direction X and a sub-scanning direction Y first multiplies linearly aligned dots in the main-scanning direction X of the original bit mapped image data by a positive integer Dy to generate Dy lines of linearly aligned dots adjoining each other in the sub-scanning direction Y as a first group of the subscanning direction Y. Other functions include second multiplying following linearly aligned dots in the main-scanning direction X of the original bit mapped image data by a positive integer Ry to generate Ry lines of linearly aligned dots adjoining each other in the sub-scanning direction Y as a second group of the sub-scanning direction Y, and multiplying further following linearly aligned dots in the main-scanning direction X of the original bit mapped image data by repeating the above first and second multiplying steps.