Abstract: A pulsed imaging, facet tracked, Raster Output Scanner utilizes pulse width modulation in conjunction with spatial filtering to form three exposure levels at the surface of a charged photoreceptor medium, one of the levels associated with a specific color. This type of scanner with a nominal video rendering experiences a color line growth in the process direction. The line growth problem is caused by a coherent optical effect. The resultant output print has bolded color lines in the process direction. Several techniques are set forth to compensate for this line growth. In a preferred technique, the video data stream is modified by locating or positioning video pulses representing white information at the start of an associated pixel time period. When the color pixel is imaged, it will therefore, always abut an adjoining white pulse and will be inhibited from spreading into the adjacent pixel period.

Abstract: A cleaning blade for electrophotography, including an urethane elastomeric material incorporated with a porous nylon powder in such a manner that particles of the powder are embedded into the urethane elastomeric material.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which has an image signal generator for generating an image signal, an image forming unit for forming an image on a recording medium based on the generated image signal, a feeding unit for feeding the medium to the image forming unit, and a controller for outputting different commands to the image forming unit to control the image forming unit. The feeding unit performs spare paper feeding of the medium to a predetermined position before the generator is set in an image signal output enable state and feeds the medium from the predetermined position to the image forming unit after the generator is set in the image signal output enable state. The image forming unit validates a specific command of the different commands when the specific command is received during at least a spare paper feed period from start of spare paper feeding of the recording medium to start of paper feeding from the predetermined position, thereby maximizing the function of the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: An image-bearing member suitable for carrying an electrostatic image and/or a toner image is formed by forming a surface layer on a substrate or a photosensitive layer. The surface layer comprises a high-melting point polyester resin shows a good dispersibility of the cured resin to provide to provide a durable layer in combination with the cured resin, whereby the surface layer provides an image-bearing surface suitable for electrophotography. The surface layer may be a protective layer or a photoconductive layer when it constitutes a photosensitive member.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a conductive support and a photosensitive layer provided thereon, wherein the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a polymer having a component unit represented by the following Formula (1) and a polymer having a component unit represented by the following Formula (2) and a component unit represented by the following Formula (3) in a certain proportion.

Abstract: An apparatus fixes a toner image formed on a recording medium and has a fixing roller which is rotated. The fixing roller is heated and the toner image is fixed on the recording medium being in pressed contact with said fixing roller. Offset toner particles formed on the fixing roller are decomposed into particles being too small to be perceived as a picture by an offset toner decomposing device before such large particles to be perceived as a picture are formed, and the small offset toner particles are stuck onto and removed by the recording medium. Preferably, the offset toner decomposing device is a brush roller which is rotated relative to the rotation of the fixing roller such that the brush roller and the fixing roller have equal peripheral speeds. The amount of offset toner being formed is decreased by reducing the creation of offset toner particles on the fixing roller by decreasing a torque fluctuation of a drive motor of the fixing roller.

Abstract: A multi-color, electrostatic, laser printing system employs a method for enhancing color representations at boundaries of pixels with different colors. The system employs a charged electrostatic surface that is selectively discharged by application of a modulated laser beam. The system performs the steps of: identifying a pixel of a first color that bounds a pixel of a second color, the first color being a secondary color; decreasing applied laser power to the electrostatic surface at the secondary color pixel site in the process of applying underprint and overprint toners to produce the secondary color; and inhibiting the decrease of applied laser power when applying the overprint toner if the second color pixel is a primary color that is the same as the color of the overprint toner of the secondary color pixel. A similar inhibition action occurs when an isolated primary color pixel or a thin pixel line is found so as to assure proper development.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photosensitive member. The photosensitive member has an electroconductive support and a photosensitive layer formed thereon containing oxytitanium phthalocyanine, and a surface layer of the photosensitive member contains a copolymer having a first and second structural units represented by the formulas ##STR1## Further the invention relates to an electrophotographic apparatus, device unit, and facsimile machine utilizing the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: A multi-functional laser printer capable of executing both the printing operation and the manuscript readout operation with one unit. The laser printer comprises a printing unit for splitting a laser beam generated from a laser into a picture forming beam and a manuscript reading-out beam by a beam splitter, and a manuscript readout unit for reading out the content of the manuscript by scanning the manuscript reading-out beam on the manuscript. The printing unit and the manuscript readout unit commony have a double-structured hologram disk for diffracting and scanning the splitted beams. The double-structured hologram disk comprises picture forming holograms formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof and manuscript reading-out holograms formed on the interior thereof.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus is provided with an input circuit for inputting a plurality of multilevel signals, each corresponding to a respective one of a plurality of pixels. An emphasizing circuit emphasizes a high frequency component of one of the multilevel image signals by using the multilevel image signals of a plurality of pixels and outputs the emphasized multilevel image signal. A discriminator discriminates a dot area of an image represented by the one multilevel signal input by the input circuit, by using the multilevel image signals of the plurality of pixels whose high frequency component is emphasized by the emphasizing circuit. The number of pixels used by the discriminator is larger than the number of pixels used by the emphasizing circuit.

Abstract: A driver for the finger electrodes in a charge-deposition print cartridge controls the finger potential between a printing and a non-printing state. All fingers are reset at once by a common power source, to which each is connected by a diode. Charge storage provided in each finger electrode line keeps the finger at a back-biased potential without deterioration by crosstalk until it is next positively driven to a printing state. Binary-coded drive data is checked for errors at the input, and the charge delivered to each finger is monitored at the output to identify data transmission or cartridge electrode faults.

Abstract: A compiler for producing a catalog of colors for a printing system using two colorants, black plus a highlight color. The compiler executes the color programming language and constructs one or more catalogs of inks in the form of fonts, defines tiles, expands the tiles to form characters, and creates a printable listing/error sheet.

Abstract: The light beam scanning apparatus of the present invention which is capable of recording or reading an image of high quality has a memory unit that stores datum representing the intensity of light in association with scanning density and a selector that selects said light intensity data from said memory unit according to a particular scanning density.Therefore, when the scanning density is changed by altering the transport speed in sub-scanning direction, the intensity of the light beam emitted from a light source such as a laser is adjusted by the data which is selected by the selector from the memory unit according to the scanning density.

Abstract: A developer for developing electrostatic latent images is constituted by a toner, and negatively chargeable spherical resin particles having an average particle size of 0.03-1.0 micron and a volume resistivity of 10.sup.6 -10.sup.12 ohm.cm. The toner may comprise toner particles and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder, which is generally used in a larger amount than the negatively chargeable spherical resin particles. The negatively chargeable spherical resin particles function to provide a toner image which is faithful to an electrostatic latent image formed on a photosensitive member while preventing toner-sticking onto the photosensitive member preferably in combination with a contact-charging means for charging the photosensitive member.

Abstract: image output apparatus includes a circuit for counting the number of pixels of various color and gradation densities contained in the image data, a circuit for estimating, based on the counted number, the amount of toner that will be consumed during development of the image data; and a circuit and rollers of an controlling based on the estimated amount the actual a mount of toner supplied for developing the image.

Abstract: A color image recording device for use in a color copying machine, a color facsimile, a color printer and the like, which has a function to perform color edit processings including a color conversion processing, a coloring processing and the like.editing with ease and with high accuracy. Data B, G, and R output from an image read unit are converted to data L*, a*, and b* respectively by first color signal conversion unit and further the data a* and b* are then converted to data H and C by third color signal conversion unit. Image data V, H and C are color edited by image edit block and the output thereof H and C are converted to a* and b* respectively by fourth color signal conversion unit. The outputs of the first color signal conversion unit are also input to delay unit, are delayed by a time equal to a processing time in image edit unit by the delay unit, and are then input to selector unit. The selector unit, in accordance with a switching control signal S.sub.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a laser beam scanning unit for scanning a recording medium in synchronism with a writing clock signal so that a dotted image is formed on the recording medium, a counter for carrying out a count operation in synchronism with the writing clock signal so that one count value or a plurality of count values determining a scanning area is/are obtained, a first controller for activating or inactivating the laser beam scanning unit based on one or the plurality of count values, a dip switch unit for specifying a dotting density, a second controller for controlling the frequency of the writing clock signal and/or a speed of scanning; and a changing unit for changing one or the plurality of count values, which should be obtained by the counter, based on the dotting density specified by the dip switch unit, so that the position of the scanning area with respect to the recording medium is constant even if the frequency of the writing clock signal and/or the scanning speed are changed

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has an electroconductive support and a photosensitive layer formed thereon. The photosensitive layer contains a compound represented by the general formula (1) below: ##STR1## wherein Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, a nitro group, a cyano group, or a trifluoromethyl group; A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are each a coupler residue having a phenolic hydroxyl group, which may be the same or different; and n is an integer of 1 or 2.

Abstract: In an electrophotographic image forming apparatus wherein raster scan of a laser beam is carried out to expose the sensitized photoconductor and the gradation is expressed with intensity modulation method, the duration of the light-emitting time for forming a dot is made smaller than the whole period needed for scanning a region assigned for a dot, while the maximum light intensity is changed according to a ratio of the duration of the light-emitting time to the whole period. Further, a plurality of modes each having a duty ratio different from each other may be provided and the maximum light intensity is changed according to the duty ratio so that the mean quantity of light for a dot is equal to each other.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus suitable for use in a copying machine or a facsimile apparatus includes an input circuit for inputting an image signal, an image discrimination circuit for discriminating a characteristic of the input image signal and providing a discrimination signal representing that characteristic, and a memory for storing the discrimination signal. A processing circuit then processes a reentered image signal input by the input circuit in accordance with the discrimination signal stored in the memory to reproduce an image.

Abstract: The handling of copy sensitive jobs in an electronic reprographic printing system comprises a unique bindexer sheet routing operation to ensure job integrity when printing copy sensitive jobs using multiset scheduling. A bindexer bin fill pattern is used which is unidirectional and begins at the same bin for each sheet of the set. Job recovery for copy sensitive jobs can include purging and remarking sets and partial sets to a greater extent for copy sensitive jobs than that required for non-copy sensitive jobs. The unique jobs recovery preserves the uniqueness of the copy sensitive jobs while improving the overall job recovery productivity for non-copy sensitive jobs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for printing including the use of a pyroelectric imaging member in a novel fashion to produce prints having improved resolution. The prints are produced by thermally exposing the pyroelectric imaging member in a localized fashion while neutralizing the surface charge and subsequently cooling the exposed surface of the imaging member to generate a latent electrostatic image thereon. Subsequently, the latent image is developed with charged toner particles, and transferred from the pyroelectric member to a substrate through the use of a second thermal treatment which serves to reverse the polarity of the imaging member and thereby eliminate the electrostatic forces attracting the toner particles to the imaging member. The transferred toner image may be simultaneously or subsequently fixed to the substrate by a thermal or other well known fusing treatment.

Abstract: A digital electronics system for generating pulses from a series of data words incluidng RAM lookup tables for translating the series of data words into a series of pulse attribute words, where each pulse attribute word includes information for controlling the formation of a corresponding pulse, multiplexers for splitting the series of pulse attribute words into two channels, pulse forming circuits corresponding to each channel for accepting pulse attribute words from respective channels and forming pulses using the information included in the pulse attribute words, and control circuits for generating the pulses, where a pulse from a first pulse forming circuit is generated while a pulse from a second pulse forming circuit is being formed.

Abstract: An arrangement for producing electrophotographic reproductions of an original image, including a source of digitized data that digitally represents an original image, a photocopier having determinable reproduction characteristics and which produces electrophotographic reproductions, and a printer. The printer is coupled to the source that receives the digitized data and produces an optical intermediate from the digitized data. This optical intermediate compensates for the determinable reproduction characteristics of the photocopier and of the scanner such that photocopying of the optical intermediate by the photocopier produces an accurate electrophotographic reproduction of the original image. The printer is provided with a composite device function table that relates target image pixel values used by the printer to measured color data of the output of the photocopier.

Abstract: An organic electronic material comprises a compound represented by the following formula (I). ##STR1## The compounds transport electrons and is excellent in durability when used in a photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing the storage of image data in a framestore of an electronic color printing system so as to minimize the storage requirements of the framestore. In such a system, image data is read out from the framestore in a color-separated sequence (R1-Rn; G1-Gn; B1-Bn) which differs substantially from a color-integrated sequence (R1,G1,B1-Rn,Gn,Bn) in which image data is received by the framestore from an input image scanner. According to the invention, values representing such color-integrated data from the image scanner are stored at address locations in the framestore vacated by the immediately preceding data read-out step. Such data management obviates the need for two separate framestores, each being capable of storing a sufficient number of multiple color-separated images to produce a desired array of multicolor images on a single receiver sheet.

Abstract: A printing system operating in a charged area development environmental utilizes a high resolution image print bar in cooperation with a low resolution image discharge bar to expose a charged surface of a photoreceptor with a minimum of stress being applied to the high resolution bar. The high resolution bar is addressed from an image data source so as to expose areas of the photoreceptor which correspond to informational areas of the image being printed. The low resolution bar is addressed from the same data source so as to discharge the photoreceptor surface in non-informational areas such as background areas and interimage areas. In a preferred embodiment, both the high and the low resolution bars are LED arrays located in a common exposure station.

Abstract: A digital copying apparatus including an image reader for reading a document, an engine portion for conducting copying operation and a liquid-crystal display or displaying an image of the document read by the image reader, in which an image edition mode for conducting the image editing such as trimming and erasing of the document image is provided, and frames necessary for image editing such as a document frame indicating a document position automatically, a frame indicating a size of a copy paper on which the image is formed and a frame indicating a copiable area in the image edition mode, are displayed on the liquid-crystal display together with the document image.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus having a plurality of develolping units containing developer the colors of which are different from each other for forming a full-color image. In this image forming apparatus, a character portion of an original is distinguished from a picture portion thereof upon the scan of the original, and the image formation for the character portion is performed in a different developing condition from the developing condition in which the image formation for the picture portion is performed.

Abstract: A catalog of fonts, each font differing with the others in the bit patterns contained in its characters which when printed yield a different color, all fonts comprising the same number of identical characters, the characters being a predetermined number of shapes that can be assembled together to form an area. To the printer, the catalog appears to be a number of fonts, and can therefore be accessed by a printer that has a typical hardware system for printing text. However, when printed using a two-color printer, the printed output will be an area of any size filled in with the specified color.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is constituted by an image-bearing member for bearing a latent image, and a developing apparatus for developing the latent image. The developing apparatus is constituted by a developer container for containing a toner, and a developer-carrying member for carrying and conveying the toner contained in the developer container to a developing zone opposite the image-bearing member. The developer-carrying member is provided with a coating layer containing electroconductive fine particles. A developer suitable for use in the above developing apparatus is given by a toner, which comprises a binder resin composition which contains 10-70 wt. % of a THF (tetrahydrofuran)-insoluble content and the remainder of a THF-soluble content including a component with a molecular weight of 10000 or below on a GPC (gel permeation chromatography) chromatogram of the THF-soluble content constituting 10-50 wt. % of the binder resin.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for operating an electronic reprographic system upon detection of a fault are described. Original documents of a job to be printed are scanned to provide images for storage. When scanning is interrupted, the last captured image is stored and selectively displayed. If scanning is not completed before the interruption, the system is monitored for the occurrence of a fault before scanning is resumed. The detection of a fault occurrence requires clearance of the paper path before scanning operation can be resumed. If scanning is completed, printer operation is enabled to provide image output. Partially completed scan jobs resulting from scanner interruption are saved in operator accessible memory.

Abstract: There is disclosed an image forming apparatus having a function for correcting the gradation characteristic of an image formed so as to be linear to the gradation degree.The image forming apparatus has a correction circuit for correcting inputted graduatin data to gradation data having a number of gradation degrees larger than that of the inputted gradation data to represent gradation data of a document image more precisely, for example in a range of low gradation.There is also disclosed a test mode for detecting an actual .gamma.-characteristic of the image forming apparatus by measuring toner densities of test images formed on a recording medium beforehand.

Abstract: A recording device in a facsimile apparatus which includes a first recording device and a second recording device. It is capable of selecting which one of the first and second recording devices is made to carry out recording.

Abstract: A color copying machine is provided with a color signal input unit for inputting red, blue and green signals representing the colors of a document, a recording unit for recording the color picture of an original color picture on the basis of printer control signals for controlling a cyan printing by using a cyan toner, a magenta printing by using a magenta toner and a yellow printing by using a yellow toner and a processing unit which changes the color signals including the red, blue and green signals into the printer control signals related to the cyan, the magenta and the yellow by using a matrix representation in conformity with a predetermined rule to produce cyan, magenta and yellow printer control signals. A surface-finishing mode selecting button allows an operator to select either a glazed finish to the recording sheet or an unglazed finish after recording the color picture thereon.

Abstract: A programming language optimized for the specification of inks for a printing system using two colorants, black plus a highlight color. The first group of statements name the primary colors such as black and red or magenta. Next specified are the catalog name and the palettes which make up the catalog. A palette is a collection of inks, each ink being defined as a tile composed of two bit maps which together are referred to as a screen, each bit map identifying the pixels in the tile to be printed in the associated primary color. Each bit pattern line is specified in the language by an equivalent binary number.

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying machine including an image read unit, a data compressor for compressing image data as read, a data storage unit for storing the image data as compressed by the data compressor, a data decompressor for outputting the decompressed image data, and a control circuit for controlling the respective elements, the control circuit causes stores the image data as read by the image read unit to be stored into the data storage unit, while at the same time causing the image data to be outputted to the image output terminal, so that the storage of the image data occurs substantially concurrently with the output of the image data.

Abstract: The handling of copy sensitive jobs in an electronic reprographic printing system comprises a unique bindexer sheet routing operation to ensure job integrity when printing copy sensitive jobs using multiset scheduling. A bindexer bin fill pattern is used which is unidirectional and begins at the same bin for each sheet of the set. Job recovery for copy sensitive jobs can include purging and remaking sets and partial sets to a greater extent for copy sensitive jobs than that required for noncopy sensitive jobs. The unique job recovery preserves the uniqueness of the copy sensitive jobs while improving the overall job recovery productivity for non-copy sensitive jobs.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus includes an electrophotography process mechanism for forming an image made of a plurality of dots in accordance with an electrophotography process, a dot density controller for controlling a dot density on the image formed by the electrophotography process means, the dot density being a number of dots formed on a predetermined area, and a dot size controller for controlling a size of each dot on the image, wherein the size of each dot on the image is controlled by the dot size controller in accordance with the dot density controlled by the dot density controller.

Abstract: An image communication apparatus is provided which has various novel functions: a function of eliminating lacking portions in an image printed with a printer incorporating a so-called separation process; a function of shortening the time required for a multi-copy; a function of selecting a maximum resolution of the apparatus without using the same resolution as used during reading; a function of visualizing reading control data in a memory copy mode; and a function of compulsorily setting the manual reception mode when the apparatus at the automatic reception mode is not prepared for reception.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an area modulation means for forming a halftone image signal by area modulation according to input image data, and a recording unit for performing recording using a particle-type recording material according to the halftone image signal, wherein the length of a short side of a minimum modulation area of the area modulation means formed by the recording unit is set to 0.7-4 times an average particle size of the particle-type recording material.

Abstract: A method of inputting images in digital copying machines comprises the steps of reading image data stored in a storing unit upon occurrence of an input error, and displaying or printing the read image data for a plurality of pages on a display screen or a recording sheet in arrayed form. Accordingly, the operator, when informed of how far the document has been read/stored, can not only handle a complex operation easily and correctly, but also can examine any undesired images such as images obliquely read although not subjected to input errors.

Abstract: A method of gray scale printing of dots of one or more colors into pixels and in a controlled ordered sequence into a plurality of super pixels defined by a given number of said pixels, characterized in that: one or more levels of dot loading are used to achieve different values of gray level in a multiple-level gray table. This generic method is applicable to both ink jet and electrophotographic printing species of this invention.In one electrophotograpic printing species of this invention, there is disclosed a method of electrophotographic color printing which includes mixing a plurality of colors in a single plane and in dot-next-to-dot (DND) pixels within a plurality of super pixels to produce a color image, whereby the sum of the multi-color dots printed in any super pixel is limited to the number of subdivided individual pixels therein, thereby assuring dot-next-to-dot (DND) always printing of said colors in a single plane.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes first latent image formation section for forming an electrostatic latent image corresponding to an image of a document on a photoconductor by projecting light reflected from the document, and second latent image formation section for forming an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor responsive to electric signals outputted from an image sensor. The image processing apparatus further includes first and second developing units for developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the photoconductor so as to form a toner image thereon by making toner adhere to unexposed and exposed portions of the photoconductor, respectively, and transfer charger for transferring the toner image formed on the photoconductor onto paper.

Abstract: A copying machine which is capable of copying a single original in the plural form on a copying paper having a size larger than that of the original and a copying process thereof. The first scanning of the single original is performed plural times to form a plurality of electrostatic latent images on a photosensitive material, said images being spaced by an interval equal to the length L which extends in the sub scanning direction of the single original or by an interval L longer than the length, thereby developing the electrostatic latent images with a toner. The resultant toner images are transferred to the copying paper in accordance with the first transfer operation.

Abstract: A modular type image forming system includes a laser printer main unit and a plurality of optional units, such as a both side processing unit, a large quantity paper feeding unit and a mail box unit, each of which is operatively coupled to said main unit through a commonly usable optical fiber cable through a commonly usable connector. Each unit has its own CPU and serial communications between the CPUs of different units may be carried out through the optical cables. The CPU of the main unit may determine the identity of each of the optional units connected thereto through such communications. The main unit also includes an interface circuit through which the main unit is operatively coupled to each of the optional units. The interface circuit includes a port selector which establishes a connection pattern between the main and optional units in accordance with the identity information of each of the optional units connected.

Abstract: A laser beam printer having a scanner unit and a sheet transport apparatus for use with the scanner unit. The printer includes a sheet feeding part, a photosensitive medium, a transfer part and a scanner unit, the transfer part being provided at an upper portion of the photosensitive medium. The sheet transport apparatus includes an upper transport path for transporting a record sheet from the sheet feeding part to the transfer part of the printer. The sheet transport apparatus further includes a transport path which passes by a position where the scanner unit is provided, the position being adjacent to the upper transport path.

Abstract: There are provided a method of modulating a photo-modulation layer correspondingly with an electric field applied thereto by applying an alternating electric field to a semiconductor layer disposed adjacent to the photo-modulation layer to vary a thickness of a depletion layer thereof responsive to the alternating electric field and applying the electric field to the photo-modulation layer while the alternating electric field is applied to the semiconductor layer and varying the thickness of the depletion layer, and a system for reproducing a charge latent image recorded in a recording medium which has at least a charge hold layer holding the charge latent image comprising a photo-modulation layer disposed adjacent to the recording medium so as to be subjected to an electric field generated by the charge latent image held on the charge hold layer, a semiconductor layer disposed adjacent to the photo-modulation layer, the semiconductor layer having a depletion layer which has a capacitance variable in response

Abstract: A page printer and system including a page printer. The page printer and each paper handling accessory device within the system includes a control unit. The control unit of the printer includes a main control unit and an auxiliary control unit. The main control unit supplies at least recording format data associated with the recording format of the recording data to the auxiliary control unit. The main control unit also inspects the specifications of each accessary device which have been previously stored in the auxiliary control unit to place the system in a standby state prior to receiving instructions to begin printing. The auxiliary control unit stores the specifications associated with each optional device and the recording format data and controls the operation of the page printer and each accessary device.

Abstract: A plurality of index members movable in a scanning direction of a scanner are arranged at desired positions on a front portion of a platen glass. A black mark is applied on the rear surface of each of the index member and the original as well as the mark are read by an image reader, so that the position of the index member is detected. When the index member is detected as the scanner moves, the image data of the original included in the scanning area scanned by the scanner are not stored in the bit map memory until the next index member is detected. When the scanning is completed, the desired edited images are formed on a paper whose size is determined based on the amount of the stored image data.