Abstract: The present vehicle includes a projection device installed in the vehicle; and a laminated glass configured to transmit a light beam emitted from the projection device to a vehicle exterior side. The laminated glass includes a vehicle-interior-side glass plate; a vehicle-exterior-side glass plate; an interlayer bonding the vehicle-interior-side glass plate and the vehicle-exterior-side glass plate; and a scattering layer arranged between the vehicle-exterior-side glass plate and the vehicle-interior-side glass plate, and in contact with the interlayer, the scattering layer being configured to be irradiated with the light beam. A relationship between visible light transmittance Tv (%) of the laminated glass and an angle of incidence ? (degrees) to the scattering layer of each ray included in the light beam incident on the scattering layer satisfies Formula (1) described in the description.

Abstract: Some embodiments of an apparatus may include: a tracking module configured to track viewer movement adjustments; and a light field image display structure configured to display a light field image using the viewer movement adjustments. Some embodiments of a method may include: projecting a beam spot on a viewer of a light field display; determining an estimated location of the beam spot reflected off the viewer; detecting an actual location of the beam spot reflected off the viewer; and determining image correction parameters based on a comparison of the estimated location and the actual location of the beam spot reflected off the viewer.

Abstract: This optical device includes at least one magnetic element including a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, and a spacer layer sandwiched between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, a laser diode, and a waveguide, in which the waveguide includes at least one input waveguide optically connected to the laser diode and an output waveguide connected to the input waveguide, and at least some of light propagating in at least one of the input waveguide and the output waveguide is applied to the magnetic element.

Abstract: A terahertz carrier-envelope phase shifter includes a substrate, a first phase modulator and a second phase modulator, which are arranged on a surface of the substrate. The first phase modulator has a first phase modulation angle. The second phase modulator has a second phase modulation angle that is different from the first phase modulation angle. A carrier-envelope phase of a terahertz pulse after the terahertz pulse passes through the first phase modulator and the substrate is different from a carrier-envelope phase of the terahertz pulse after the terahertz pulse passes through the second phase modulator and the substrate. By means of the simple displacement, a terahertz pulse can pass through different phase modulators to obtain the required carrier-envelope phases. A geometric parameter and the spatial position of a microstructure in the first or the second phase modulator are changed and the carrier-envelope phases of the terahertz pulse covers 0-2 ?.

Abstract: A full duplex communication network includes an optical transmitter end having a first coherent optics transceiver, an optical receiver end having a second coherent optics transceiver, and an optical transport medium operably coupling the first coherent optics transceiver to the second coherent optics transceiver. The first coherent optics transceiver is configured to (i) transmit a downstream optical signal at a first wavelength, and (ii) simultaneously receive an upstream optical signal at a second wavelength. The second coherent optics transceiver is configured to (i) receive the downstream optical signal, and (ii) simultaneously transmit the upstream optical signal. The first wavelength has a first center frequency separated from a second center frequency of the second wavelength.

Abstract: A display device according to the present invention is a light stippling display device that performs light stippling. In the device, a plurality of hole portions are formed on a display plate portion including a magnetized sheet which is magnetized on both sides, and the hole portion is opened and closed by a light shielding body made of a magnetic ball. Thereby, the position of the light shielding body is switched between a light transmitting state and a light shielding state. The light shielding body has directivity for a center of the hole portion in the display plate portion which is magnetized on both sides in a case where the light shielding body is switched to the light shielding state. Therefore, the reliability of display can be improved, and the operability can be improved.

Abstract: An optical power supply system includes a power sourcing equipment, a powered device and a control device. The power sourcing equipment includes a semiconductor laser that oscillates with electric power and performs pulsed output of feed light. The powered device includes a photoelectric conversion element that converts the feed light into electric power. The control device adjusts a supply amount of the feed light to be supplied from the semiconductor laser by a pulse width of the feed light according to a consumption of the electric power obtained by the conversion by the powered device.

Abstract: An apparatus including a substrate with at least three sides and an active stack on the substrate. The active stack can include a first transparent conductive layer, a second transparent conductive layer, an anodic electrochemical layer, and a cathodic electrochemical layer. The apparatus can also include a first bus bar set comprising a plurality of bus bars, wherein each bus bar of the first bus bar set is electrically coupled to the first transparent conductive layer, a second bus bar set comprising a plurality of bus bars, wherein each bus bar of the second bus bar set is electrically coupled to the second transparent conductive layer, and a bus bar arrangement wherein the bus bar arrangement comprises a bus bar from the first bus bar set and a bus bar from the second bus bar set on at least three sides of the substrate.

Abstract: A vehicular interior rearview mirror assembly includes a mirror head and a mounting assembly. The mirror casing includes a sidewall having an outer end region that circumscribes an open portion of the mirror casing. The outer end region includes a rounded outer surface curving between the open portion and a less-curved outer surface of the sidewall. The mirror reflective element is disposed at the open portion of the mirror casing. The mirror reflective element has a glass substrate having a rounded perimeter edge of at least 2.5 mm and a thickness of less than 2 mm. Curvature of the rounded outer surface of the outer end region of the sidewall matches curvature of the rounded perimeter edge of the glass substrate to provide a curved transition between a flat region at the front surface of the glass substrate and the less-curved outer surface of the sidewall of the mirror casing.

Abstract: A liquid crystal on silicon spatial light modulator comprising an array of light-modulating pixels and a controller are disclosed. Each light-modulating pixel of the array comprises liquid crystal and is associated with a respective flip-flop. The controller receives a hologram of an image comprising a plurality of hologram pixels. Each hologram pixel comprises a respective n-bit hologram pixel value. The controller drives each light-modulating pixel in accordance with a respective hologram pixel value of the hologram. There is a one-to-n pixel correlation between the hologram and the light-modulating pixels. The flip-flops of each contiguous group of n light-modulating pixels are connected in series to form a shift register. During operation of the shift register, the n-bit hologram pixel value associated with each contiguous group of n light-modulating pixels is provided to each light-modulating pixel one bit at a time over the course of at least n clock cycles.

Abstract: A light homogenizing element includes a light incident surface and at least one diffusion surface, including: a first substrate, a carrier layer, a piezoelectric film, a driving electrode, a light-transmitting layer, and multiple light diffusion microstructures. The first substrate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other. The carrier layer is located on the first surface of the first substrate and includes a light passing region penetrating the carrier layer, and includes a protruding structure enclosing the light passing region. The light-transmitting layer is provided overlapping on the protruding structure, and the surface of the light-transmitting layer covering the light passing region is the light incident surface. The multiple light diffusion microstructures are provided on the at least one diffusion surface, and projections of the multiple light diffusion microstructures on the light-transmitting layer are located in the light passing region.

Abstract: An optoelectronic system includes a concentration layer, a modulation layer including an array of light modulators, an exit layer that receives the modulation layer output having a modulation layer output spatial distribution and remaps the modulation layer output spatial distribution to a modified spatial distribution. A collector layer receives the modified spatial distribution to produce a collector layer output. A detector receives the collector layer output. A processor controls the modulation layer and receives the detector output to generate an image. The collector layer can receive the modified spatial distribution at a plurality of collector layer inputs and combine the plurality of collector layer inputs at a collector layer output. Modulators can be configured to direct couple modulated light to a collector layer, without using an exit layer. Configurations with spatial light modulator modules and sub-modules are described.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter relates to electromechanical systems and devices, and more particularly to electromechanical systems for implementing reflective devices for displays, sensors, and authentication solutions. In some embodiments a reflective device includes a thin film transistor layer and a plurality of reflective elements positioned approximately parallel to the thin film transistor layer. The plurality of reflective elements is electrically coupled with the thin film transistor layer. Each reflective element is configured for controlling a reflectance parameter of the reflective element based on a first voltage applied to the reflective element by the thin film transistor. In other embodiments, a reflective element includes a transparent substrate and a plurality of polymer-air pair layers positioned approximately parallel position to the transparent substrate.

Abstract: An optical-electronic integrated RF leakage interference cancellation system and method for continuous wave radars belongs to the technical filed of radars. The optical-electronic integrated RF leakage interference cancellation system cancels the RF leakage interference by integrating of the microwave photonic link and the cable link. The microwave photonic link implements the phase adjustment, time delay adjustment and amplitude adjustment of the microwave signal tapped from the continuous wave source in the transmitter and realizes the cancellation matching conditions of the out of phase, the matching delay time and the same amplitude with the leakage interference signal. It has the advantages of broad frequency band, large bandwidth, and high tuning resolution, which enables the effective suppression of the RF leakage interference and ensures the high transmit-to-receive isolation for continuous wave radars.

Abstract: A light control sheet including a light control sheet body having a front surface and a back surface, the light control sheet body including a first film including a transparent electrode layer, a second film including a transparent electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second films, and a sealant covering an edge portion of the liquid crystal layer. The second film has a second film contact surface which includes a portion in contact with the liquid crystal layer, and further includes a second film outer peripheral part on which the sealant is formed, the second film outer peripheral part is extended along the edge portion of the liquid crystal layer, and when viewed in a first direction from the front surface to the back surface, the second film outer peripheral part does not overlap the first film or the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A power sourcing equipment includes a laser oscillator and a modulator. The laser oscillator converts electric power into feed light. The modulator modulates, based on transmission information, a phase of the feed light output from the laser oscillator. The feed light phase-modulated by the modulator is output to outside of the power sourcing equipment. A powered device includes a photoelectric conversion element and a demodulator. The photoelectric conversion element converts feed light input from outside of the powered device into electric power. The demodulator detects a phase of the feed light to restore transmission information.

Abstract: A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system for a vehicle includes a transmitter, a receiver, one or more scanning optics, and a circulator. The transmitter is configured to output a transmit beam. The receiver includes a first receive grating coupler and a second receive grating coupler. The circulator is configured to receive the transmit beam and provide the transmit beam to the one or more scanning optics, receive a return beam from reflection of the transmit beam by an object, split the return beam into at least a first component and a second component, and direct the first component to the first receive grating coupler and the second component to the second receive grating coupler.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for controlling a laser light propagation direction, including: a substrate configured to transmit at least a wavelength range of a laser light incident on the apparatus and deflected; and a metasurface disposed on the substrate, and comprising a plurality of nano-antennas, wherein each of the plurality of nano-antennas may include: a first contact and a second contact that are disposed apart from each other, and comprise an electrically conductive material to transmit at least the wavelength range of the laser light; and a semiconductor p-i-n heterostructure that disposed between the first contact and the second contact and comprises a p-region, an i-region and an n-region, which are disposed in parallel to the substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a horn having a horn body including at least one horn sidewall defining a first opening that tapers down to a second opening in a direction of elongation and a port that is tubular and dimensionally uniform transverse to the direction of elongation and extends in the direction of elongation from a first port end that is in communication with the second opening to a second port end that defines an external opening. A dielectric rod includes a rod length extending between a first rod end and a second rod end with the first rod end extending through the external opening of the second port end and into the port cavity such that the first rod end is in a spaced apart relationship from the port sidewall along the light path.

Abstract: Recent remarkable progress in wave-front shaping has enabled control of light propagation inside linear media to focus and image through scattering objects. In particular, light propagation in multimode fibers comprises complex intermodal interactions and rich spatiotemporal dynamics. Control of physical phenomena in multimode fibers and its applications is in its infancy, opening opportunities to take advantage of complex mode interactions. Various embodiments of the present technology provide wave-front shaping for controlling nonlinear phenomena in multimode fibers. Using a spatial light modulator at the fiber's input and a genetic algorithm optimization, some embodiments control a highly nonlinear stimulated Raman scattering cascade and its interplay with four wave mixing via a flexible implicit control on the superposition of modes that are coupled into the fiber.

Abstract: In the electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present application, when the first voltage is applied to the electrochromic device in a state that the electrochromic element has the first state, the electrochromic device becomes the second state, and when the first voltage is applied to the electrochromic element in a state that the electrochromic element has the fourth state, the electrochromic element becomes the third state.

Abstract: An optical device is provided in the present application. The present application provides an optical device that may prevent defects such as short circuits even when an external power source has been connected in an encapsulated structure.

Abstract: An optical resonator frequency comb comprising a main optical resonator being made of a resonator material, which has a third order nonlinearity and an anomalous resonator dispersion; a continuous wave (cw) laser configured for supplying continuous laser light into an optical waveguide, which is coupled with the main optical resonator. The cw laser, the optical waveguide and the main optical resonator are arranged for resonantly coupling the cw laser light into the main optical resonator for forming a single dissipative soliton circulating in the main optical resonator corresponding to the generation of a frequency comb. Furthermore, the optical resonator frequency comb further comprises an auxiliary optical element configured to induce a phase shift to a frequency comb component at the cw laser frequency to enhance the conversion efficiency of a generated frequency comb. The disclosure also relates to an associated method.

Abstract: The disclosure provides, in part a seal system for sealing a film. The disclosure further provides, in part, a sealed film comprising a first and a second substrate; a first and a second electrode disposed on the surface of at least one of the substrates; a switching material disposed between the first and second substrates; a first seal and a second seal; the first seal disposed along an edge of the switching material, separating the switching material from the second seal.

Abstract: Deep learning performance is limited by computing power, which is in turn limited by energy consumption. Optics can make neural networks faster and more efficient, but current schemes suffer from limited connectivity and the large footprint of low-loss nanophotonic devices. Our optical neural network architecture addresses these problems using homodyne detection and optical data fan-out. It is scalable to large networks without sacrificing speed or consuming too much energy. It can perform inference and training and work with both fully connected and convolutional neural-network layers. In our architecture, each neural network layer operates on inputs and weights encoded onto optical pulse amplitudes. A homodyne detector computes the vector product of the inputs and weights. The nonlinear activation function is performed electronically on the output of this linear homodyne detection step.

Abstract: A vehicle display device using a hetero electrochromic film includes: a projector configured to project a predetermined image onto at least one of a windshield and a window of a vehicle; a hetero electrochromic film disposed on at least one of the windshield and the window; and a controller configured to drive the projector and the hetero electrochromic film.

Abstract: An optoelectronic system includes a concentration layer, a modulation layer including an array of light modulators, an exit layer that receives the modulation layer output having a modulation layer output spatial distribution and remaps the modulation layer output spatial distribution to a modified spatial distribution. A collector layer receives the modified spatial distribution to produce a collector layer output. A detector receives the collector layer output. A processor controls the modulation layer and receives the detector output to generate an image. The collector layer can receive the modified spatial distribution at a plurality of collector layer inputs and combine the plurality of collector layer inputs at a collector layer output. Modulators can be configured to direct couple modulated light to a collector layer, without using an exit layer. Configurations with spatial light modulator modules and sub-modules are described.

Abstract: Conventional electrochromic devices frequently suffer from poor reliability and poor performance. Improvements are made using entirely solid and inorganic materials. Electrochromic devices are fabricated by forming an ion conducting electronically insulating interfacial region that serves as an IC layer. In some methods, the interfacial region is formed after formation of an electrochromic and a counter electrode layer, which are in direct contact with one another. The interfacial region contains an ion conducting electronically insulating material along with components of the electrochromic and/or the counter electrode layer. Materials and microstructure of the electrochromic devices provide improvements in performance and reliability over conventional devices. In addition to the improved electrochromic devices and methods for fabrication, integrated deposition systems for forming such improved devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: A transmission type adaptive optical system that can be applied to a high power laser beam beyond a limit of deformable mirrors and corrects wavefront turbulence of a laser beam with adaptation to the wavefront turbulence is provided. By using a transmission type adaptive optical element of which a refractive index distribution changes based on temperature distribution thereof, a wavefront turbulence of a laser beam is corrected with adaptation to this wavefront turbulence. The wavefront turbulence is detected by a wavefront sensor and heating light in accordance with the detected wavefront turbulence is emitted to irradiate the transmission type adaptive optical element. The transmission type adaptive optical element transmits a laser beam as a target to correct a wavefront turbulence thereof and generates temperature distribution by the heating light and as a result generates the refractive index distribution.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, a tunable optical device comprises a tunable optical metasurface on a substrate with an integrated driver circuit. In some embodiments, the tunable optical device includes a photon shield layer to prevent optical radiation from disrupting operation of the driver circuit. In some embodiments, the tunable optical device includes a diagnostic circuit to detect and disable defective optical structures of the metasurface. In some embodiments, the tunable optical device includes an integrated heater circuit that maintains a liquid crystal of the metasurface above a minimum operating temperature. In some embodiments, the tunable optical device includes an integrated lidar sequencing controller, a steering pattern subcircuit, and a photodetector circuit.

Abstract: Embodiments of metasurfaces having nanostructures with desired geometric profiles and configurations are provided in the present disclosure. In one embodiment, a metasurface includes a nanostructure formed on a substrate, wherein the nanostructure is cuboidal or cylindrical in shape. In another embodiment, a metasurface includes a plurality of nanostructures on a substrate, wherein each of the nanostructures has a gap greater than 35 nm spaced apart from each other. In yet another embodiment, a metasurface includes a plurality of nanostructures on a substrate, wherein the nanostructures are fabricated from at least one of TiO2, silicon nitride, or amorphous silicon, or GaN or aluminum zinc oxide or any material with refractive index greater than 1.8, and absorption coefficient smaller than 0.001, the substrate is transparent with absorption coefficient smaller than 0.001.

Abstract: A full duplex communication network includes an optical transmitter end having a first coherent optics transceiver, an optical receiver end having a second coherent optics transceiver, and an optical transport medium operably coupling the first coherent optics transceiver to the second coherent optics transceiver. The first coherent optics transceiver is configured to (i) transmit a downstream optical signal at a first wavelength, and (ii) simultaneously receive an upstream optical signal at a second wavelength. The second coherent optics transceiver is configured to (i) receive the downstream optical signal, and (ii) simultaneously transmit the upstream optical signal. The first wavelength has a first center frequency separated from a second center frequency of the second wavelength.

Abstract: A light transmissive substrate for transforming a Lambertian light distribution includes a base film having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, a plurality of first microstructures disposed on the first side of the base film and a plurality of first valleys. Each of the first valleys is defined by a pair of adjacent first microstructures. A filler material is disposed in the plurality of first valleys and defines a substantially planar surface spaced from and substantially parallel to the first side of the base film. The substrate also includes a plurality of second microstructures disposed on the substantially planar surface of the filler material and a plurality of second valleys. Each of the second valleys is defined by a pair of adjacent second microstructures.

Abstract: An apparatus including a substrate with at least three sides and an active stack on the substrate. The active stack can include a first transparent conductive layer, a second transparent conductive layer, an anodic electrochemical layer, and a cathodic electrochemical layer. The apparatus can also include a first bus bar set comprising a plurality of bus bars, wherein each bus bar of the first bus bar set is electrically coupled to the first transparent conductive layer, a second bus bar set comprising a plurality of bus bars, wherein each bus bar of the second bus bar set is electrically coupled to the second transparent conductive layer, and a bus bar arrangement wherein the bus bar arrangement comprises a bus bar from the first bus bar set and a bus bar from the second bus bar set on at least three sides of the substrate.

Abstract: A method for lens-free imaging of a sample or objects within the sample uses multi-height iterative phase retrieval and rotational field transformations to perform wide FOV imaging of pathology samples with clinically comparable image quality to a benchtop lens-based microscope. The solution of the transport-of-intensity (TIE) equation is used as an initial guess in the phase recovery process to speed the image recovery process. The holographically reconstructed image can be digitally focused at any depth within the object FOV (after image capture) without the need for any focus adjustment, and is also digitally corrected for artifacts arising from uncontrolled tilting and height variations between the sample and sensor planes. In an alternative embodiment, a synthetic aperture approach is used with multi-angle iterative phase retrieval to perform wide FOV imaging of pathology samples and increase the effective numerical aperture of the image.

Abstract: An e-paper assembly includes a charge-responsive, re-writable media layer and an airborne-charge receiving layer disposed on the first side of the media layer. A moisture vapor barrier is interposed between the airborne-charge receiving layer and a first side of the charge-responsive media layer, with the moisture vapor barrier including an inorganic material.

Abstract: A digital communication method over an optical channel. Bob modulates a coherent optical signal with a random envelope phase ?r, known to him and not to Alice, and transmits the modulated coherent optical signal (envelope) over the optical channel to Alice. Alice further modulates the envelope with a key phase ?k, based on a secret key and a selected modulation scheme, to create a cipher envelope, and sends the cipher envelope towards Bob along the optical channel. Bob then demodulates a received version of the cipher envelope by removing the random envelope phase ?r (known to Bob) and then measures the phase of the resulting demodulated coherent optical signal with the coherent detector to extract, to within a certain margin of error, the key phase ?k, from which Alice's secret key can be decoded. Bob then uses the secret key for encrypting messages sent to Alice over any digital network.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for maintaining transmitter-receiver alignment in a free space optical communications system without substantially moving the receiver element and with very little to no imparted momentum, while also allowing for higher tuning speeds and less system complexity than conventional solutions. The methods and apparatus allow for a large field of regard at the optical receiver, without the need for electromechanical gimbals to move the entire receiver unit and without the need for steering mirrors to move and align the incoming optical beam.

Abstract: This application relates to a method of forming nano-patterns on a substrate comprising the step of forming a plurality of nanostructures on a dielectric substrate, wherein the nanostructures are dimensioned or spaced apart from each other by a scaling factor of the dielectric substrate with reference to a silicon substrate.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a quantum communication device is adapted to correct first sift key data acquired by performing sift processing with respect to a quantum bit string received from a transmission device via a quantum communication path. The quantum communication device includes a determination unit and a correction unit. The determination unit determines setting information of error correction on the first sift key data from an estimated error rate of the first sift key data and a margin of the estimated error rate. The correction unit generates corrected key data by performing the error correction with the setting information.

Abstract: A communication network includes an optical hub having a first coherent optics transceiver, a fiber node having a second coherent optics transceiver, an optical transport medium operably coupling the first coherent optics transceiver to the second coherent optics transceiver, a first optical circulator disposed at the optical hub, and a second optical circulator disposed at the fiber node. The first coherent optics transceiver is configured to (i) transmit a downstream optical signal at a first wavelength, and (ii) receive an upstream optical signal at the first wavelength. The second coherent optics transceiver is configured to (i) receive the downstream optical signal from the first coherent optics transceiver at the first wavelength, and (ii) transmit the upstream optical signal at the first wavelength. The first and second optical circulators are configured to separate the downstream optical signal from the upstream optical signal.

Abstract: A reflective electronic display device being pixels or sub-pixels includes: a main substrate; an electromagnetic micro-electromechanical module installed on a side of the main substrate; a shaft coupled to the electromagnetic micro-electromechanical module and the main substrate; a reflector stacked on the other side of the main substrate; a first polarizer stacked on the reflector and configured to be opposite to the main substrate, and the first polarizer defining a first penetration axis; a second polarizer installed on a side of the first polarizer a side, and the second polarizer defining a second penetration axis; an electromagnetic micro-electromechanical module driving the main substrate to drive the reflector, so as to link and rotate the first polarizer and define a bright mode, a dark mode, and a grayscale mode.

Abstract: To provide a naked-eye type stereoscopic display device which can achieve a fine stereoscopic display property while achieving high-definition display and high yield. Aperture parts of sub-pixels neighboring to a first direction include overlapping regions which overlap in a second direction and a non-overlapping region which does not overlap. Provided that a width of the aperture part in the second direction is defined as a longitudinal aperture width, the non-overlapping region includes an aperture width fluctuating region where the longitudinal aperture width changes continuously from roughly a center of the aperture part towards both ends of the first direction, respectively. The sum of the longitudinal aperture widths of the two overlapping regions overlapping with each other at a same position in the first direction is larger than the longitudinal aperture width in roughly the center of the aperture part.

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns a device for forming a field intensity pattern in the near zone, from electromagnetic waves which are incident on said device. Notably, such a device allows confining electromagnetic waves, which are incident on the device, into beams of radiation in the near zone. It comprises at least one layer of dielectric material, which surface has at least one abrupt change of level forming a step. A lower and lateral part of said surface with respect to said step is in contact with a substance having a refractive index lower than that of said dielectric material. For an incident electromagnetic wave impinging upon the device in the vicinity of such a step, the corresponding step of index it encounters produces a complex electromagnetic phenomenon, which allows generating low-dispersive condensed beams and specific field patterns in the near zone.

Abstract: There is disclosed a camera module manufacturing apparatus for joining together a lens unit that incorporates a taking lens and a sensor board to which an image sensor is attached. The camera module manufacturing apparatus includes an optical unit including a collimator lens and a measurement chart for forming an image of the measurement chart on the image sensor through the taking lens. The relative position of the lens unit and the sensor board is adjusted based on an image signal obtained by converting, using the image sensor, an image of the measurement chart that is formed on the image sensor by the optical unit. The measurement chart is disposed to be tilted with respect to a plane that is perpendicular to an optical axis of the collimator lens.

Abstract: An optical composite film includes a reflection grating film layer, an optically-uniaxial optical film layer, and a substrate layer. The optically-uniaxial optical film layer includes a plate-shaped portion and a plurality of refraction portions, where the plate-shaped portion is disposed on the reflection grating film layer, the plurality of refraction portions is disposed on a side of the plate-shaped portion away from the reflection grating film layer, the plurality of refraction portions is selected from one type of camber columns and quadrangular prisms, and an extraordinary light refractive index of the optically-uniaxial optical film layer is less than an ordinary light refractive index of the optically-uniaxial optical film layer; and the substrate layer is stacked on a side of the plate-shaped portion close to the refraction portion.

Abstract: A vehicle may have optical structures such as windows and mirrors that have the potential to allow glare from external objects to shine into the eyes of a driver or other vehicle occupant. A control circuit may gather information on where the eyes of the driver are located using a camera mounted in the vehicle and may gather information on where the sun or other source of glare are located outside of the vehicle. Based on this information, the control circuit may direct a light modulator on a window or mirror to selectively darken an area that prevents the glare from reaching the eyes of the driver. The light modulator may have a photochromic layer that is adjusted by shining light onto the photochromic layer, may be a liquid crystal modulator, an electrochromic modulator, or other light modulator layer.

Abstract: A method for describing an array of elements includes the steps of providing an array description system that includes a library of possible alternative designations; and describing the array of elements using at least one of the alternative designations. The library of possible alternative designations includes one or more of the following (i) a line designation, (ii) a column designation, (iii) a square designation, (iv) a rectangle designation, (v) a cross designation, (vi) a diagonal designation, (vii) a complex designation, (viii) a mosaic designation, (ix) an overlap designation, (x) a power designation, (xi) a border designation, (xii) a corner flip designation, (xiii) a mirror image designation, (xiv) a repeat designation, and (xv) a glide designation.

Abstract: A full duplex communication network includes an optical transmitter end having a first coherent optics transceiver, an optical receiver end having a second coherent optics transceiver, and an optical transport medium operably coupling the first coherent optics transceiver to the second coherent optics transceiver. The first coherent optics transceiver is configured to simultaneously transmit a downstream optical signal and receive an upstream optical signal. The second coherent optics transceiver is configured to simultaneously receive the downstream optical signal from the first coherent optics transceiver and transmit the upstream optical signal first coherent optics transceiver. At least one of the downstream optical signal and the upstream optical signal includes at least one coherent optical carrier and at least one non-coherent optical carrier.

Abstract: To provide a naked-eye type stereoscopic display device which can achieve a fine stereoscopic display property while achieving high-definition display and high yield. An aperture part includes overlapping regions which overlap with an aperture part or another aperture part neighboring to each other in a second direction and a non-overlapping region which does not overlap. Provided that a light amount emitted from a linear aperture of the aperture part in parallel to a second direction is “longitudinal light amount”, the non-overlapping region includes longitudinal light amount fluctuating regions where the longitudinal light amount changes continuously from roughly a center of the aperture part towards both ends of the first direction, respectively. The sum of the longitudinal light amounts of the two overlapping regions overlapping with each other at a same position in the first direction is larger than the longitudinal light amount in roughly the center of the aperture part.