Abstract: A light attenuator that provides transparent light states and absorbing dark states for use in selectively controlling light, especially for smart glass applications. The light attenuator includes abutting areas of attenuation and transparency that form a repeat pattern or a quasi-repeat pattern. The attenuating areas are visible when the light attenuator is in the light state, but the repeat pattern is sufficiently large that a viewer looks through the attenuator and sees no haze.

Abstract: The embodiments herein relate to methods for controlling an optical transition in an optically switchable device, and optically switchable devices configured to perform such methods. In various embodiments, non-optical (e.g., electrical) feedback is used to help control an optical transition. The feedback may be used for a number of different purposes. In many implementations, the feedback is used to control an ongoing optical transition.

Abstract: A display screen unit of a display device includes a display surface having a plurality of subareas, and a sight protection element configured to set a degree of transparency for each of the plurality of subareas. The display device further includes a back lighting module having at least one illumination element directed to the display screen unit, and a controller configured to set the display screen unit in a display mode, in which the sight protection element sets the degree of transparency for each of the plurality of subareas. The controller may be configured to provide a back light by controlling the back lighting module based on a movement of the display screen unit from a stowed position to a deployed position.

Abstract: Improved formulations of electrophoretic media that can be incorporated into displays, front plane laminates, inverted front plane laminates, or color changing films. The formulations include a non-polar fluid, a plurality of first charged particles, and charge control agents (CCA) including a quaternary amine and an unsaturated polymeric tail comprising monomers of at least 10 carbon atoms in length. The formulations show improved switching speeds, as well as a larger dynamic range at low temperatures (i.e., below about 0° C.), where compared to state-of-the-art electrophoretic media.

Abstract: An electrophoretic medium comprises a fluid, a first, light scattering particle (typically white) and second, third and fourth particles having three subtractive primary colors (typically magenta, cyan and yellow); at least two of these colored particles being non-light scattering. The first and second particles bear polymer coatings such that the electric field required to separate an aggregate formed by the third and the fourth particles is greater than that required to separate an aggregate formed from any other two types of particles. Methods for driving the medium to produce white, black, magenta, cyan, yellow, red, green and blue colors are also described.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes a display panel including a folding area foldable with respect to a folding axis and a non-folding area which is adjacent to the folding area, a support plate facing the display panel, and a digitizer which faces the display panel with the support plate therebetween and detects a first external input. The digitizer includes a plate including a reinforcing fiber, a first conductive layer on a first surface of the plate, and a second conductive layer on a second surface of the plate which is opposite to the first surface of the plate.

Abstract: Electronic paper includes a display panel and a drive component. The display panel may include a plurality of pixels disposed in a display region and a photoelectric conversion transistor disposed in a non-display region. The drive component is electrically connected to the plurality of pixels, and is electrically connected to a current output terminal of the photoelectric conversion transistor.

Abstract: Improved electrophoretic media including a first particle of a first polarity and three particles of the opposite polarity, wherein the first particle and optionally one of the particles of the opposite polarity undergo a diminution of electrophoretic mobility with increased electric field. Such electrophoretic media enable full-color displays with very fast updates between white and black pixels.

Abstract: According to an aspect, a display device includes: a display substrate; and a filter provided on a display surface side of the display substrate. The filter includes a first sub-pixel area provided with a first color filter, a second sub-pixel area provided with a second color filter, a third sub-pixel area provided with a third color filter, and a colorless fourth sub-pixel area. The display substrate includes a plurality of pixels provided so as to be capable of individually switching each sub-pixel between white, black, and red, and each of the pixels includes a first sub-pixel overlapping the first sub-pixel area, a second sub-pixel overlapping the second sub-pixel area, a third sub-pixel overlapping the third sub-pixel area, and a fourth sub-pixel overlapping the fourth sub-pixel area.

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising a polyurethane and a cationic polymeric dopant or a polymerizable cationic dopant may be used to form one or more adhesive layers of electro-optic assemblies. They enable improved electro-optic performance of the corresponding; electro-optic devices even at low temperatures.

Abstract: A color electrophoretic display with distinct switching areas formed by a segmented top plane electrode opposite driving pixel electrodes. The distinct areas are programmed to switch at different times, thereby reducing the “flashiness” seen by a viewer during an image update. In one embodiment, the color electrophoretic medium of the display includes a reflective white particle and three other sets of particles, each comprising a different subtractive color.

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to a light modulator comprising transparent or reflective substrates, multiple electrodes being applied to the substrates in a pattern across the substrate. A controller may apply an electric potential to the electrodes to obtain an electro-magnetic field between the electrodes providing electrophoretic movement of the particles towards or from an electrode.

Abstract: A variable light transmittance sheet comprises a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, and between the electrodes an electrophoretic cell containing an electrophoretic ink and one or more non-planar solid polymer elements. In an embodiment, the electrophoretic ink includes charged particles in a suspending fluid, and 75% or more by mass of the suspending fluid is an organosilicone or an aliphatic hydrocarbon and the solid polymer is a fluorinated elastomeric polymer.

Abstract: A display panel, a display panel manufacturing method, and a display screen are provided. The display panel includes: a substrate, the substrate including a plurality of sub-pixel regions, each of the sub-pixel regions including a first region and a second region, the first region being provided with the substrate, a buffer layer, and a pixel circuit layer, and the second region being provided with the substrate; and a first electrode disposed on the second region of each of the sub-pixel region and directly contacting the substrate. Each sub-pixel region is divided into the first region and the second region, the first region is provided with the substrate, the buffer layer and the pixel circuit layer, the second region is provided with the substrate and the first electrode directly contacting the substrate, and no inorganic film is provided between the first electrode and the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a light shutter panel and a transparent display apparatus having the same. The light shutter panel according to the present disclosure comprises: a lower electrode plate; an upper electrode plate facing with the lower electrode plate; a shutter layer disposed between the lower electrode plate and the upper electrode plate, and including a maximum light transmitting portion, a minimum light blocking portion, ink storage portions connecting the maximum light transmitting portion and the minimum light blocking portion, and an electric field guide disposed between the ink storage portions; a plurality of spacers maintaining a gap between the lower electrode plate and the upper electrode plate; and black ink filled into the ink storage portion of the shutter layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a base layer, a touch sensing layer, a light guide module and a display panel. The touch sensing layer is disposed on the base layer. The light guide module is disposed on the touch sensing layer. The touch sensing layer is located between the light guide module and the display panel, and the touch sensing layer and one of the light guide module and the display panel have no adhesive material therebetween.

Abstract: The embodiments herein relate to electrochromic stacks, electrochromic devices, and methods and apparatus for making such stacks and devices. In various embodiments, an anodically coloring layer in an electrochromic stack or device is fabricated to include nickel tungsten tantalum oxide (NiWTaO). This material is particularly beneficial in that it is very transparent in its clear state.

Abstract: A display medium with a substrate provided with a plurality of virtual cells C, and, on the cell C, a partition P having a plurality of surfaces respectively formed on a plane that intersects with the substrate and exposed when the display medium is viewed from a plurality of directions. A portion exposed when the display medium is viewed from a predetermined direction among the plurality of directions is given the color of a content corresponding to the predetermined direction. The display medium displays different contents in the plurality of directions, respectively.

Abstract: A conductive structure is applied to an e-paper device, which includes a driving substrate and an e-paper film. The e-paper film is disposed on the driving substrate, and includes a transparent substrate, a common electrode layer, and a display medium layer disposed between the common electrode layer and the driving substrate. The common electrode layer is disposed on one side of the transparent substrate facing the driving substrate. The display medium layer includes a through hole. The conductive structure is disposed in the through hole and includes a conductive member and at least one spacer. The conductive member is electrically connected to the driving substrate and the common electrode layer. The spacer is disposed in/on the conductive member, and contacts with the driving substrate and the common electrode layer. An e-paper device with the conductive structure is also disclosed.

Abstract: Various embodiments set forth systems and techniques for explaining domain-specific terms detected in a media content stream. The techniques include detecting a speech portion included in an audio signal; determining that the speech portion comprises a domain-specific term; determining an explanatory phrase associated with the domain-specific term; and integrating the explanatory phrase associated with the domain-specific term into playback of the audio signal.

Abstract: An optical path control member according to an embodiment comprises: a first substrate; a first electrode disposed on the first substrate; a second substrate disposed on the first substrate; a second electrode disposed under the second substrate; and a photoconversion unit disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the second substrate includes at least one hole penetrating the second substrate, and an electrode connection part connected to a side surface of the second electrode is disposed inside the hole.

Abstract: A fingerprint image capture system comprises an electro-optical material which captures a static fingerprint image and an apparatus for converting the static fingerprint image into an electronic signal. The image capture system includes an electrode for contacting a finger, and a bias supply for creating an electric field where epidermal ridges contact the electro-optical material. A transistor array senses charge or optical density variations in the electro-optical material to create an electronic representation of the fingerprint image. An initialization electrode places the electro-optical material into a uniform condition prior to acquisition of the fingerprint image. A physical artifact of the fingerprint image can be archived by removing the electro-optical material from the system following the fingerprint image acquisition.

Abstract: Prior electrochromic devices frequently suffer from high levels of defectivity. The defects may be manifest as pin holes or spots where the electrochromic transition is impaired. This is unacceptable for many applications such as electrochromic architectural glass. Improved electrochromic devices with low defectivity can be fabricated by depositing certain layered components of the electrochromic device in a single integrated deposition system. While these layers are being deposited and/or treated on a substrate, for example a glass window, the substrate never leaves a controlled ambient environment, for example a low pressure controlled atmosphere having very low levels of particles. These layers may be deposited using physical vapor deposition. In certain embodiments, the device includes a counter electrode having an anodically coloring electrochromic material in combination with an additive.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a display device for a programmer of an implant, wherein the display device comprises a frame which receives and holds the following components: a display module which is designed to generate and display a representation, a shielding layer which is arranged on the display module, a flat capacitive touch sensor which is arranged on the shielding layer, and a cover which is arranged on the touch sensor. The display device further comprises an antenna, wherein the antenna is designed to transmit and/or receive in the MICS frequency band. Furthermore, a programmer for an implant is disclosed.

Abstract: A light beam direction control element includes light transmission regions interposed between a first light transmission substrate and a second light transmission substrate, light absorption regions located between the light transmission regions, a light transmission dispersion medium enclosed in the light absorption regions, and electrophoretic particles dispersed in the light transmission dispersion medium. The light transmission regions include a first light transmission region extending from the first light transmission substrate toward the second light transmission substrate, and a second light transmission region extending from the first light transmission region toward the second light transmission substrate. A height of the first light transmission region is lower than a height of the second light transmission region and a width of the first light transmission region is wider than a width of the second light transmission region.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes a first component substrate, a second component substrate, a display medium layer, and an isolation structure. The first component substrate includes a first carrier and a plurality of pixel electrodes. The pixel electrodes are arranged in an array on the first carrier. The second component substrate includes a second carrier and at least one common electrode. The at least one common electrode is overlapped with the pixel electrodes. The display medium layer and the isolation structure are located between the first carrier and the second carrier. The display medium layer includes a plurality of charged particles. The isolation structure includes a barrier structure and an isolation electrode. The isolation electrode is formed on a bottom surface of the barrier structure and adjacent to the display medium layer.

Abstract: A light attenuator comprises a cell comprising a first substrate and a second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate. A layer between the substrates contains an electrophoretic ink, a surface of the layer adjacent the second substrate comprising a monolayer of closely packed protrusions projecting into the layer. The protrusions have surfaces defining a plurality of depressions in the volumes there between.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method of rendering an image on a reflective display wherein each pixel is capable of rendering a limited number of colors, each of which is rendered by predetermined set of waveforms stored in a waveform lookup table. Furthermore, the present invention provides for a method for rendering an image using such colors, having been chosen for optimal color rendition. This invention further provides for rendering a color image formed from a plurality of pixels on a reflective display wherein each pixel has a color selected from the group consisting of at least: red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow, black and white.

Abstract: An electrophoretic medium comprises a fluid and first (B), second (Y), third (R) and fourth (W) particles dispersed in the fluid and having differing colors. The first (B) and third (R) particles bear charges of one polarity and the second (Y) and fourth (W) particles bear charges of the opposite polarity, The first particles (B) have a greater zeta potential than the third particles (R), and the second particles (Y) have a greater zeta potential than the fourth particles (W). One of the particles (W) is white, one of the non-white particles (B) is partially light-transmissive, and the remaining two non-white particles are light-reflective.

Abstract: A variable transmission film may include an electrophoretic medium having a plurality of capsules and a binder, each capsule containing a plurality of electrically charged particles and a fluid, the charged particles being movable by application of an electric field and being capable of being switched between an open state and a closed state. The film may include at least one of a binder containing fish gelatin and a polyanion; a binder containing one or more tinting agents; capsules containing charge control agents, such as an oligoamine-terminated polyolefin and a branched chain fatty acid comprising at least 8 carbon atoms; a selection of capsules in which at least 60% have a diameter between 50 ?m and 90 ?m and at least 15% have a diameter between 20 ?m and 49 ?m; a tinted adhesive layer; and a fluid selected from one or more nonconjugated olefinic hydrocarbons.

Abstract: An article, includes a layer including at least one color-rendering portion and at least one light valve; and a metal reflector portion, wherein the at least one light valve is positioned in the layer to provide reflection of incident light through the at least one light valve. A method of making an article is also disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electronic paper, a display device, and a driving method. A plurality of first half-cup structures each includes charged dye particles with a single electric property are provided on the first driving backplane, a plurality of second half-cup structures each includes charged dye particles with a single electric property are provided on the second driving backplane; one first half-cup structure and the opposite second half-cup structures constitute a micro-cup structure, a electric property of the charged dye particles in the first half-cup structure is opposite to that in the second half-cup structure in the same micro-cup structure; a cross-sectional area of the respective second half-cup structures gradually decreases in a direction pointing from the second driving backplane to the first driving backplane; and a cross-sectional area of the respective first half-cup structures gradually decreases in an opposite direction.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a flat portion and a bending portion located at a side of the flat portion, an optical film attached on the flat portion of the display panel, and a bending protection layer covering at least a part of the bending portion and contacting one edge of the optical film. The edge of the optical film includes an upper surface, a lower surface and a side surface, the lower surface of the optical film faces an upper surface of the display panel, at least a part of the side surface of the optical film contacts the bending protection layer, and at least a part of the side surface of the optical film protrudes more, as closer to the upper side.

Abstract: The present teachings relate to various embodiments of a curable ink composition, which once printed and cured form polymeric films on a substrate such as, but not limited by, an OLED device substrate. Various embodiments of the curable ink compositions comprise di(meth)acrylate monomers, as well as multifunctional crosslinking agents and curing kinetics control additives.

Abstract: A driving method for driving an electrophoretic display comprising four types of particles, the first type of particles and the third type of particles are positively charged, and the second type of particles and the fourth type of particles are negatively charged, the method comprises the steps of: (i). applying a first driving voltage to the pixel of the electrophoretic display for a first period of time at a first amplitude to drive the pixel to a color state of the fourth type of particle at the viewing side; and (ii). applying a second driving voltage to the pixel of the electrophoretic display for a second period of time, opposite to that of the first driving voltage and a second amplitude smaller than that of the first amplitude, to drive the second type particle towards the non-viewing side.

Abstract: A variable light transmittance sheet comprises a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, and between the electrodes an electrophoretic cell containing an electrophoretic ink and one or more non-planar solid polymer elements. In an embodiment, the electrophoretic ink includes charged particles in a suspending fluid, and 75% or more by mass of the suspending fluid is an organosilicone or an aliphatic hydrocarbon and the solid polymer is a fluorinated elastomeric polymer.

Abstract: Optically controllable windows and an associated window control system provide a building security platform. A window controller or other processing device can monitor for window breakage, cameras associated with windows can monitor for intruders, and transparent displays can provide alerts regarding detected activity within a building. A window control system can detect deviations from expected I/V characteristics of an optically controllable window during normal operation of the window (tint transitions, steady state conditions, etc.) and/or during application of a security-related perturbing event, and provide alerts upon their occurrence.

Abstract: A sub-pixel structure includes: a first functional layer and a second functional layer which are oppositely arranged, a conductive structure therebetween, and a plurality of electrodes on at least one side of the first functional layer. The first functional layer includes an insulating region, the second functional layer includes a target light-shielding region and a target light-transmitting region, orthographic projections of both the conductive structure and the target light-transmitting region on the first functional layer are partial regions of the insulating region, and orthographic projections of the plurality of electrodes on the first functional layer are outside the insulating region; and the conductive structure is configured to move in the insulating region under the action of voltages loaded on the plurality of electrodes to adjust a luminous flux of light emitted from the target light-transmitting region.

Abstract: A substrate includes a base, a pixel defining layer, a plurality of electrode pairs, and a plurality of light-emitting devices. The pixel defining layer is disposed on the base, and includes a plurality of through holes. At least one electrode pair includes a first electrode and a second electrode that are disposed at least on a hole wall of one of the through holes and at least partially opposite to each other, and the first electrode and the second electrode are insulated from each other. One of the plurality of light-emitting devices includes a liquid functional layer disposed in the through hole. The liquid functional layer is in direct contact with the first electrode and the second electrode. The liquid functional layer includes a liquid light-emitting layer configured to emit light.

Abstract: Improved electrophoretic media including a first particle of a first polarity and three particles of the opposite polarity, wherein the first particle and optionally one of the particles of the opposite polarity undergo a diminution of electrophoretic mobility with increased electric field. Such electrophoretic media enable full-color displays with very fast updates between white and black pixels.

Abstract: A variable transmittance film includes a first electrode substrate and a second electrode substrate which are provided to face each other; and a liquid receiving layer which is provided between the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate and comprises a liquid substance, and a partition wall pattern that divides the liquid substance into two or more spaces, in which at least a part of the partition wall pattern comprises a passageway region that connects the adjacent spaces.

Abstract: A body has multiple phases, which have different electron spin resonance spectra that do not result from the simple combination of the ESR spectra of each individual phase.

Abstract: A first substrate includes: a first base material including an insulating layer; and a partition wall disposed on the insulating layer. The insulating layer and the partition wall are formed of a resin material. The partition wall has a higher hardness than the insulating layer. A protective film that protects the insulating layer is disposed on a surface of the insulating layer. A portion of the protective film is located between the partition wall and the insulating layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electrophoretic display medium. The display medium can include a substrate, an electrophoretic layer, and a network electrode. A flowable conductive material is disposed on the substrate and the electrophoretic layer is subsequently disposed into the flowable conductive material. The electrophoretic layer includes a plurality of encapsulated droplets including an internal phase and at least partially surrounded by a binder. A bottom portion of the plurality of microcapsules is embedded within the binder. The flowable conductive material is cured to create a network electrode between the plurality of encapsulated droplets and the substrate.

Abstract: A display cover plate, a manufacturing method therefor and a display device are provided, The display cover plate includes: a substrate; and an electrochromic unit on the substrate, the electrochromic unit includes: a first electrode on the substrate; an electrochromic layer on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate; and a second electrode on a side of the electrochromic layer away from the substrate, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are configured to generate an electric field, and the electrochromic layer allows light of different colors to pass through based on a change of the electric field.

Abstract: A total internal reflection display includes a sub-pixel, a reflecting layer, at least one first stereoscopic electrode and a display medium layer. The sub-pixel is defined by a color filter and a black matrix disposed adjacently to the color filter. The reflecting layer is located beneath the sub-pixel. The first stereoscopic electrode is located beneath the black matrix. The width of the first stereoscopic electrode is less than the width of the black matrix. The display medium layer is located between the sub-pixel and the reflecting layer. The height of the first stereoscopic electrode is greater than half of the thickness of the display medium layer.

Abstract: Various embodiments include components (e.g., a processor in a vehicle advanced driver assistance system) configured to identify subsystems that require testing in order to verify their compliance with a safety requirement. The components may determine whether verification of compliance requires that the subsystems be tested at PON, at POFF, during runtime or a combination thereof, dynamically determine the achievable parallelism for testing the identified subsystems, dynamically determine coverage level requirements for performing or executing built in self tests (BISTs) on each identified subsystem, and perform or execute the BISTs on the subsystems at the determined level of parallel and at the determined coverage level.

Abstract: A method of forming a color-changing fiber that can be incorporated into fabrics and other woven materials. The color changing fibers include an annular wall and a conductive wire axially extending through the annular wall, a core strand surrounded by the annular wall and extending axially through a central portion of the fiber, and an encapsulated electro-optic medium disposed on a surface of the core strand.

Abstract: Various embodiments herein relate to electrochromic devices, methods of fabricating electrochromic devices, and apparatus for fabricating electrochromic devices. In a number of cases, the electrochromic device may be fabricated to include a particular counter electrode material. The counter electrode material may include a base anodically coloring material. The counter electrode material may further include one or more halogens. The counter electrode material may also include one or more additives.

Abstract: An electrically controlled smart window, which includes two transparent plates arranged oppositely, a power supply component and an in-between light-adjusting area. Hereinto the light-adjusting area is divided into a matrix of light-adjusting units by pixel wall(s), and every units are closely arranged in a grid shape. To the power supply component, an electrode is connected with the pixel wall, and another is localized on the center of light-adjusting unit and did with the transparent plate. Both surface-charged liquid crystal polymer particles and conductive packing fluid are filled into the medium between the two transparent plates. According to the present disclosure, cholesteric liquid crystal polymer microparticles with specific reflection band and surface charges are used as basic reflectors, thereby achieving the significant advantages of being easy to manufacture, low cost, and stable performance, without causing interference to electromagnetic signals.