Abstract: A polarization splitting section has a structure in that a polarization splitting layer is formed of a light reflecting grid member which is arranged in a grid-shaped pattern on an optically-transparent substrate, and an optically-transparent medium is filled between the grid member and the substrate in contact with the grid member surface and the substrate surface, and the grid member and the filled optically-transparent medium are bonded to the substrate with another adhesive agent or tackiness agent formed of an optically-transparent medium interposed. The polarization splitting layer is partly protruded externally from the surfaces of prism materials.

Abstract: A projection apparatus includes a first, a second and a third light sources, a first reflective element, a first and a second dichroic mirrors, a light-homogenizing element, a light valve and a projection lens. The first reflective element is configured to reflect the first light beam, and the first dichroic mirror is configured to reflect the second light beam and to transmit the first light beam transmitted from the first reflective element. The second dichroic mirror is configured to reflect the first and the second light beams transmitted from the first dichroic mirror and to transmit the third light beam. The light-homogenizing element is used for homogenizing the combined light beam, and the light valve is used for modulating the combined light beam to form an image beam. The projection lens is used for receiving and then projecting the image beam.

Abstract: The use of an aerosol transport operation for producing a nanoparticle film or a nanocomposite film on a substrate, wherein the substrate is heated.

Abstract: A light projector includes a light source configured to output a light beam, a display screen configured to display a color image containing pixels, and a color filter positioned between the light source and the projection screen. The light projector also includes a device for sequentially permuting colors of the pixels for a plurality of frames. The device includes at least one of a device for shifting a position of the color filter with respect to the light beam and a device for shifting a path of the light beam that passes through the color filter.

Abstract: A dichroic mirror includes a substrate and a dielectric multilayered film formed on a surface of the substrate. The dielectric multilayered film includes a first period layer with a structure represented by a formula (0.7H1.4L0.7H)n and a second period layer with a structure represented by a formula (2H?L)m in order from the substrate side. Wherein H represents a high refractive index layer and L represents a low refractive index layer, H and L are set at ¼ lambda of a reference wavelength associated with the film, ? is a coefficient of the L, and the superscript represents the number of repetitions of the structure, enclosed by the parentheses, used in the correspond first period layer or second period layer.

Abstract: Optical instruments having, inter alia, optics to process wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation to produce an interferogram. The instruments include an optical path and optical elements positioned along this path for splitting and recombining the wavelengths which interfere with each other to produce a plurality of different fringes of different wavelengths. The optics include matched gratings which are positioned along the optical path outside of the interferometer optics to produce first and second sets of spectrally dispersed beams. The interferometer optics includes a beam splitter and first and second mirrors. In two embodiments the beam splitter has an internal surface including three zones. The instruments can all include a detector for detecting the interferogram and means for processing the detected interferogram to produce spectral information that is spatially distributed.

Abstract: A projection type image display apparatus is provided which includes a housing to hold an optical system including multi-lenses, a polarized-light conversion element and the color separation portion. The housing operates to provide an optical path between a light source, located outside the housing, and penetration-type image display elements and an optical synthesizing portion also located outside of the housing.

Abstract: An integrated optical filter apparatus, which can be used for a miniaturized waveguide and can reduce crosstalk between adjacent signals. The integrated optical filter apparatus includes a first optical filter reflecting a light beam of a first wavelength and transmitting a light beam of a second wavelength from an externally incident light beam, and a second optical filter facing the first optical filter and reflecting the light beam of the first wavelength reflected by the first optical filter to the first optical filter. The light beam of the first wavelength is reflected by the first optical filter at least twice to remove noise within the light beam of the first wavelength.

Abstract: A polarizing beam splitter that includes at least one prism, and a reflective polarizing film. The prism comprises a first polymeric material, and has at least one curved outer surface and an incident surface, where the reflective polarizing film is disposed adjacent the incident surface.

Abstract: An interferometer includes a means for splitting, at a splitting location, an input light beam into a first beam and a second beam; and means for recombining, at a recombination location, the first beam and the second beam. The interferometer is designed such that the first beam will travel a first optical path length (OPL) from the splitting location to the recombination location, and the second beam will travel a second OPL from the splitting location to the recombination location and such that when the input light beam has been modulated at a data rate comprising a time interval, then the difference in optical path lengths between the first OPL and the second OPL is about equal to the time interval multiplied by the speed of light.

Abstract: Methods, systems, apparatus and devices for the lens design of an HMPD with eye-tracking capabilities. The integration uses a low-level optical configuration in order to achieve a compact, comfortable, easy-to-use system. The optical system is further designed and optimized for sharing of the optical path between the HMD and the Eye-Tracker with minimal performance loss for both tasks.

Abstract: An illumination device to increase or decrease a quantity of light, while maintaining a uniform illumination intensity distribution, an image display device that displays high-quality images with a wide dynamic range, and a projector are provided. The illumination device includes a light source including a lamp and a concave mirror and emitting an illumination light, a variable diaphragm, for example in the form of a shutter having a linear edge and controlling the quantity of the illumination light, and a rotary prism which is an illumination light scanning device to scan the illumination light that passed through the variable diaphragm over an irradiated surface. The axis of the direction in which the illumination light is scanned over the irradiated surface almost coincides with the axis of the direction in which the variable diaphragm controls the illumination light. Here, the control modes in the +x axis direction, ?x axis direction and ±x axis direction are used to match the axis.

Abstract: A beam combiner for combining a first color beam, a second color beam, and a third color beam is provided. The beam combiner has a transparent substrate with a first optical surface on which a first reflective film reflecting the first color beam is disposed, and a second optical surface on which a second reflective film reflecting the second color beam is disposed. The first optical surface and the second optical surface are parallel. The second color beam entering the transparent substrate is reflected by the second reflective film and leaves the transparent substrate by passing through the first optical surface, while the third color beam enters the transparent substrate from the second optical surface and leaves the transparent substrate by passing through the first optical surface. The optical paths of the first, the second, and the third color beam are substantially coincident after emerging from the first optical surface.

Abstract: The invention provides an image projection system including a first light source and a second light source. Light from the first light source is limited to a finite number of limited wavelength intervals. An imaging device is adapted for modulating light from the first and second light sources. A beam combiner is provided to combine light from the light sources and direct the combined light to the imaging device. Modulated light from the imaging device is directed to a lens.

Abstract: A color separation/combination prism is disclosed which has an optical film arrangement capable of performing color separation, light analysis and color combination. The prism includes four prism members and at least five optical surfaces as outer surfaces thereof. Each of the prism members has at least three optical surfaces including two optical surfaces which intersect orthogonally with each other at a first side thereof. The four prism members are joined together such that the first sides of the prism members are adjacent to or contact each other. Joining portions of the four prism members are provided with wavelength-selective polarizing films.

Abstract: A projector incorporating a prism and a plurality of light valves for modulating light that passes though the prism, wherein the color splitting-converging prism includes a dichroic coating having multiple layers of high and low index of refraction and ¼ wavelength thickness at each desired angle of incidence for reducing dichroic shift and thereby minimizing light loss.

Abstract: Confocal optical device for illuminating points on a sample 807 using illuminating beams FE and for detecting beams FD coming from the illuminated points and passing through a pinholes array 806. An exchangeable block 600 comprising a beamsplitter 602 and a redirection mirror 603 is used to superimpose the optical pathes of the illuminating beams FE and the beams to be detected FD.

Abstract: An air-gap optical structure includes a first transmissive optical element, a second transmissive optical element, and a spacer structure disposed between the first transmissive optical element and the second transmissive optical element so as to define an air gap therebetween. The spacer structure includes a spacer having a spacer body, and a nonreflective multilayer interference coating between the spacer body and the second transmissive optical element.

Abstract: Color separation and synthesis systems, color separation systems and color synthesis systems, illumination optical systems, projection optical systems, and projection display devices using these systems include a wavelength-splitting element that reflects linearly polarized light of one wavelength and transmits light of another wavelength; a polarization-transforming element that changes the direction of polarization of linearly polarized light of one wavelength and that is arranged adjacent and at least nearly parallel to the wavelength-splitting element; and a polarization-sensitive beam splitter that reflects light having one direction of linear polarization and transmits light with another linear polarization.

Abstract: An illumination system for a fluorescence microscope is provided. The illumination system includes a carriage removably receivable within the microscope and a plurality of filter cubes movably arranged on the carriage, wherein each filter cube is moveable between an active position and an inactive position. Each filter cube includes a housing having first and second openings and a solid state light source secured to the housing. The solid state light source emits light when the filter cube is moved into the active position. Each filter cube further comprises at least one optical filter disposed within the housing, wherein the optical filter corresponds to the solid state light source.

Abstract: A fusion night vision system having image intensification and thermal imaging capabilities includes an edge detection filter circuit to aid in acquiring and identifying targets. An outline of the thermal image is generated and combined with the image intensification image without obscuration of the image intensification image. The fusion night vision system may also include a parallax compensation circuit to overcome parallax problems as a result of the image intensification channel being spaced from the thermal channel. The fusion night vision system may also include a control circuit configured to maintain a perceived brightness through an eyepiece over a mix of image intensification information and thermal information. The fusion night vision system may incorporate a targeting mode that allows an operator to acquire a target without having the scene saturated by a laser pointer.

Abstract: According to embodiments, scanned beam source may include a first beam shaping optical element aligned to receive a composite beam of light carrying a plurality of wavelength components and a second beam shaping optical element aligned to receive the composite beam of light from the first beam shaping optical element and configured to modify the first plurality of wavelength components of the composite beam to a plurality of dimensions proportional to wavelength. The first beam shaping optic may be, for example, a top-hat converter. The second beam-shaping optic may be, for example, a polarization-sensitive clipping aperture, a wavelength-dependent clipping aperture, and/or an achromatic corrector.

Abstract: For mixing different light colors from different LEDs or energized phosphors, an elongated mixing tunnel is used having a reflective inner surface. LEDs of different colors are optically coupled along the length of the mixing tunnel and at a first end of the tunnel. Light coupled along the length of the tunnel is reflected by an angled dichroic mirror that selectively reflects the incoming color light towards a single output port of the mixing tunnel. The dichroic mirror passes all other colors of light being transmitted towards the output port of the tunnel. Two, three, or more colors of LEDs can be used. Efficient and compact ways to energize phosphors are also described. Other optical techniques are also described.

Abstract: A color separation/combination prism is disclosed which has an optical film arrangement capable of performing color separation, light analysis and color combination. The prism includes four prism members and at least five optical surfaces as outer surfaces thereof. Each of the prism members has at least three optical surfaces including two optical surfaces which intersect orthogonally with each other at a first side thereof. The four prism members are joined together such that the first sides of the prism members are adjacent to or contact each other. Joining portions of the four prism members are provided with wavelength-selective polarizing films.

Abstract: An image combining viewer transmits a daylight image directly through the viewer, while reflecting at least one wavelength other than visible light towards a sensor. A display for displaying the image received by the sensor in a visible wavelength is reflected by the back surface of the mirror back along the optical path, combining the displayed image with the daylight image so that they appear to be a single image.

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy measurement apparatus and method for measuring first, second, and third wavelength components includes first and second coated optical elements having non-parallel surfaces. Proper selection of the parameters of the optical elements reduces the level of coma and astigmatism in the apparatus. Additionally, filters pass the first, second, and third wavelength components to first, second, and third sensors. Improvement in the alignment of the field of view between sensors is realized by applying an adjustable compressive force on the filters to individually adjust the field of view.

Abstract: A multi-primary-color light splitting and combining system, includes a dichroic device, receiving an incident light beam and splitting into a first light beam having a first wavelength range and a second light beam having a second wavelength range. The first wavelength range in wavelength value is larger than the second wavelength range. A first polarized beam splitter receives the first light beam and splits out a first polarization beam having a first predetermined polarization state. A second polarized beam splitter receives the second light beam and splits out a second polarization beam having a second predetermined polarization state. A first and a second reflective displaying panels respectively receive the first and second polarization light beams, and reflect first and second sets of image information with respect to multiple primary colors. A polarized beam splitter combines first and second sets of image information to form an image light beam.

Abstract: An apparatus for adding red light to a polarized light system includes a first light source and a second light source. A polarizing beam splitter combines S-polarized-light from the first light source and P-polarized light from the second light source. A first multi-layer filter means rotates the polarization state of the green light from the first light source to the P-polarization state. A second multi-layer filter means rotates the first light source red light to the P-polarization state and rotates the second light source red light to the S-polarization state. Finally, a reflective cleanup polarizer reflects the P-polarized-light back to the respective first and second light source and passes the S-polarized-light.

Abstract: A producing method of an optical element such as quarter-wave plate wherein preparing a first member which has a coefficient of elasticity of 1-4 (GPa) at normal temperature, setting the temperature of a die having microscopic shape with high aspect ratio to be higher than the glass transition temperature of the first member and pressing the die against the first member to transfer a microscopic shape on the first member, a microstructure is formed on the first member. In the same manner, a second microstructure is formed on a second member. Afterwards, by connecting the first member and the second member, an optical element in which the first member and the second member are connected having microstructures with high aspect ratio face each other, is obtained.

Abstract: An optical channel monitor is provided that sequentially or selectively filters an optical channel(s) 11 of light from a (WDM) optical input signal 12 and senses predetermined parameters of the each filtered optical signal (e.g., channel power, channel presence, signal-noise-ratio). The OCM 10 is a free-space optical device that includes a collimator assembly 15, a diffraction grating 20 and a mirror 22. A launch pigtail emits into free space the input signal through the collimator assembly 15 and onto the diffraction grating 20, which separates spatially each of the optical channels 11 of the collimated light, and reflects the separated channels of light onto the mirror 22. A ?/4 plate 26 is disposed between the mirror 22 and the diffraction grating 20. The mirror reflects the separated light back through the ?/4 plate 26 to the diffraction grating 20, which reflects the channels of light back through the collimating lens 18.

Abstract: Multi-directional optical elements are disclosed that include a body having a first side having a first curvature, a second side having a second curvature, a third side having a third curvature, and a fourth side having a fourth curvature. The second side is disposed generally opposite the first side along a first direction and a fourth side is disposed generally opposite the third side along a second direction, the second direction being different from the first direction. Also disclosed are optical systems utilizing such multi-directional optical elements.

Abstract: There is provided an optical device including a light-transmitting substrate having at least two major surfaces and edges, optical means for coupling light into the substrate by total internal reflection and at least one partially reflecting surface located in the substrate.

Abstract: An optical pickup unit includes first and second light sources of first and second wavelengths, respectively, a diachronic element, a phase plate, and an objective lens. One of the first and second light sources is selected so that information recording or reproduction is performed by converging a light beam emitted from the selected one of the first and second light sources on an optical recording medium via the diachronic element, the phase plate, and the objective lens.

Abstract: A spectral purity filter includes an aperture, the aperture having a diameter, wherein the spectral purity filter is configured to enhance the spectral purity of a radiation beam by reflecting radiation of a first wavelength and allowing at least a portion of radiation of a second wavelength to transmit through the aperture, the first wavelength being larger than the second wavelength. The spectral purity filter may be used to improve the spectral purity of an Extreme Ultra-Violet (EUV) radiation beam.

Abstract: Optical display systems and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A projection-type display device 1 including a light source 10, an optical integrator 20, dichroic mirrors 30 and 35, a reflecting mirror 36, a relay optical system 40, parallelizing lenses 50B, 50G and 50R, liquid crystal light valves 60B, 60G and 60R, incident side lenses 70B, 70G and 70R, a light-synthesizing cross dichroic prism 80, a relay lens 90, an emergent side lens 95, a liquid crystal light valve 100 and a projection lens 110, and liquid crystal light valve 100 is provided in the rear stage of liquid crystal light valves 60B, 60G and 60R.

Abstract: Color separation and synthesis systems, color separation systems and color synthesis systems, illumination optical systems, projection optical systems, and projection display devices using these systems include a wavelength-splitting element that reflects linearly polarized light of one wavelength and transmits light of another wavelength; a polarization-transforming element that changes the direction of polarization of linearly polarized light of one wavelength and that is arranged adjacent and at least nearly parallel to the wavelength-splitting element; and a polarization-sensitive beam splitter that reflects light having one direction of linear polarization and transmits light with another linear polarization.

Abstract: An optical module 1 comprises a first optical element F1, a first light receiving subassembly PD1, a second optical element F2, a second light receiving subassembly PD2, a light emitting subassembly LD3 for generating light, and a light transmitting part 3 optically coupled to the first optical element. The light emitting subassembly LD3, the first optical element F1, the second optical element F2 and the first light receiving subassembly PD1 are arranged along a predetermined plane S1. The light emitting subassembly LD3, the first optical element F1, the second optical element F2, and the second light receiving subassembly PD2 are arranged along another predetermined plane S2. The predetermined plane S1 intersects at a predetermined angle with the other predetermined plane S2.

Abstract: A projection type video display apparatus is provided with an LED array for emitting light in red, an LED array for emitting light in green, and an LED array for emitting light in blue. On a light-incident side of a rod integrator, time-dividing mirrors 2A, 2B arranged in a cross manner, for guiding the light from each LED array to an inside of the rod integrator, are arranged. Furthermore, on a light-emission side of the LED array for emitting the light in red, a time-diving mirror is arranged, and on a light-emission side of the LED array for emitting the light in blue, a time-dividing mirror is provided. Each time-dividing mirror switch either to reflect the light or to transmit the light, depending on whether or not voltage is applied thereto. At time-dividing lighting timing of the LED arrays, the time-dividing mirrors switch either to reflect the light or to transmit the light.

Abstract: A curve representing a characteristic of a blue-light reflecting dichroic film DB and a curve representing a characteristic of a red-light reflecting dichroic film DR are configured to have shapes that track an ideal spectral characteristic of green. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a characteristic approximated to the ideal spectral characteristic without using a trimming filter having a dichroic film in an exiting surface of a prism. Since it is not necessary to use the trimming filter having the dichroic film, it is possible to prevent ghost and flare from occurring due to the dichroic film of the trimming filter. Accordingly, it is possible to embody an imaging apparatus having the ideal spectral characteristic with ghost and flare being reduced.

Abstract: At least one exemplary embodiment is directed to a projector which includes several optical elements, reflective devices and beam splitters, arranged to reduce back reflection effects. At least one exemplary embodiment includes a mirror, two beam splitters, three reflection devices, and two optical elements affecting polarization of incident light upon the optical elements.

Abstract: The invention provides a two-panel color management system for projection display applications, wherein color sequencing is accomplished using achromatic beam switching and static color separation. In a preferred embodiment, a liquid-crystal polarization switch alternates a polarization of an input light beam between two orthogonal states. A polarization beam splitter directs the beam comprising three primary color components alternately along a first and second paths, wherein first and second different secondary color filters are disposed for forming first and second secondary colored beams, each having two different primary color components. A dichroic color separator alternately receives the first and second secondary colored beams, separates their primary color components and directs them to first and second imager panels. A beam combiner combines the first polarized primary color beam from the first imager and the second polarized primary color beam from the second imager to form a projection beam.

Abstract: An optical separating filter separates impinging light into a first and a second part having different properties. The separating filter comprises reflective filters (FR) arranged in funnel shaped structures (F1). Each one of the structures (F1) have an inlet area (IA1) to receive the impinging light (IL) and an outlet area (OA1) smaller than the inlet area. (IA1) to converge reflected impinging light (RL) towards the outlet area (OA1). The structures (F1) comprise a first group of funnel shaped structures (F1) constructed to reflect light which has a first property (C1) towards their respective first outlet areas (OA1) and for transmitting light which has a second property (C2) towards respective second outlet areas (OA2).

Abstract: A mirror assembly is described and which includes a semitransparent mirror, a circuit substrate positioned adjacent to the semitransparent mirror, and a first heater borne by the circuit substrate, and which is coupled with the source of electricity, and which is disposed in juxtaposed heat transmitting relation relative to the semitransparent mirror.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for combining or for splitting the beam paths of substantially nonpolarized light of at least three different wavelength intervals. The splitting or the combining of the beam path of light of those wavelength intervals located between the other wavelength intervals takes place when the beam paths of the light of the two other wavelength intervals are already or still combined. The present invention also relates to an illumination unit comprising a white light source and utilizing this method by means of interference filters for splitting the white light into red, blue and green light beams. The invention also relates to an illumination unit comprising a red, green and blue light source and utilizing these methods by means of interference filters for the combination of the beam paths of the light sources.

Abstract: A system and method for generating a high-resolution image using a scanned-column projector is disclosed. The method includes the operation of generating a time-varying line image. A further operation includes collimating the time-varying line image in at least one plane. An additional operation involves scanning the collimated time-varying line image using a scan mirror. A further operation includes projecting the scanned collimated time-varying line image onto a surface. The scanned collimated time-varying line image is projected with at least one imaging element.

Abstract: A device (300) to produce a color image using four or more primary colors. The device may include four or more transmissive spatial light modulators (309, 310, 311, 312) to modulate four or more, respective, light beams in accordance with four or more, respective, primary color image components of the color image to produce four or more, respective, modulated light beams. The device may also include a beam combining arrangement (320) to combine the four or more modulated light beams into a combined light beam carrying the color image.

Abstract: A reflection-type laser projector (100) projects modulated laser beams outputted from a laser projection unit (40), on a screen, wherein a reflector (112) as a constituent of the screen (110) has reflection characteristics of reflecting, among the incident light, only laser beams of three colors of red, blue, and green, which are projected from the laser projection unit (40) and light in the neighboring wavelength band, and transmitting light in other wavelength bands, thereby preventing pictures on the screen (110) from becoming hard to be seen due to effects of indoor illumination or light from outdoors.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus includes a hollow tubular body with a polygonal cross-section and a highly reflective interior surface, a first filter, and a second filter. The body includes an input end portion configured to receive and reflect white light having a Gaussian profile to produce a homogenized input beam, a first output leg portion configured to receive and reflect a first reflected beam to produce a first homogenized output beam having a first wavelength characteristic and a top hat profile, and a second output leg portion configured to receive and reflect a second reflected beam to produce a second homogenized output beam having a second wavelength characteristic and a top hat profile. The first filter is configured to receive the homogenized input beam and produce the first reflected beam and a first transmitted beam. The second filter is configured to receive the first transmitted beam and produce the second reflected beam.

Abstract: A system and method for separating and combining three spectrums of light has a polarizing beamsplitter, an input retarder or polarizer located adjacent a first side of the polarizing beamsplitter, a spacer that can also be a splitter located adjacent a second side of the polarizing beamsplitter and a dichroic beamsplitter located adjacent a third side of the polarizing beamsplitter.