Abstract: Provided is a method for performing a Fourier transformation for generating a computer-generated holographic (CGH) image. The method includes generating first intermediate data by performing a first FFT calculation that relates to coordinates of a pupil of a user with respect to input image data; generating second intermediate data by calculating a light concentration effect correction term for correcting a light concentration effect occurring at the pupil of the user and multiplying the first intermediate data by the light concentration effect correction term; and performing a second FFT calculation that relates to the coordinates of the pupil of the user with respect to the second intermediate data.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a two-dimensional array of pixels configured to produce an image. The apparatus also includes a touch sensor comprising a plurality of electrodes aligned with one or more gaps between one more pixels of the two-dimensional array of pixels. The plurality of electrodes are aligned such that the plurality of electrodes do not cross over at least one pixel of the two-dimensional array of pixels.

Abstract: A method of processing a pixellated image to retrieve a phase distribution representative of the image. The phase distribution representative of the image is in the Fourier domain. The method includes padding the image pixels with padding, or non-image, pixels to increase the total number of pixels in the pixellated image. The method further includes processing the padding or non-image pixels differently to the image pixels in each iteration of the iterative method.

Abstract: A free-form lens (for example a phase modulator, lens or deformable mirror) may be made to reproduce a light pattern specified by image data. Source regions on the free-form lens are mapped to target regions areas on an image. Areas of the source regions are adjusted to vary the amount of light delivered to each of the target regions. Adjustment of the source areas may be achieved using a L-BFGS optimization which preferably incorporates smoothness and curl regularizers. Embodiments apply parallel processing to obtain control values for a free form lens in real time or near real time. Apparatus may process image data and display an image by controlling a dynamically variable free form lens using the processed image data.

Abstract: Briefly stated, technologies are generally described for providing a computer-generated holography (CGH). Example devices/systems described herein may use one or more of a server device and/or a client device. The server device may be configured to provide CGH data to a client device including a holographic image display unit. The server device may receive information on the holographic image display unit from the client device, calculate the CGH data from three-dimensional image data and the information on the holographic image display unit, and/or transmit the CGH data to the client device. The client device may be configured to provide a holographic image. The client device may reconstruct the holographic image on the holographic image display unit using CGH data and a reconstruction beam, transmit information on the holographic image display unit to the server device, and/or receive the CGH data from the server device.

Abstract: A free-form lens (for example a phase modulator, lens or deformable mirror) may be made to reproduce a light pattern specified by image data. Source regions on the free-form lens are mapped to target regions areas on an image. Areas of the source regions are adjusted to vary the amount of light delivered to each of the target regions. Adjustment of the source areas may be achieved using a L-BFGS optimization which preferably incorporates smoothness and curl regularizers. Embodiments apply parallel processing to obtain control values for a free form lens in real time or near real time. Apparatus may process image data and display an image by controlling a dynamically variable free form lens using the processed image data.

Abstract: The invention relates to an image processing method and system for constructing composite image with extended depth of field. The composite image may be constructed from a plurality of source images of a scene stored in an image stack. The method includes aligning the images in the image stack such that every image in the image stack is aligned with other images in the stack, performing illumination and color correction on the aligned images in the image stack, generating an energy matrix for each pixel of each illumination and color corrected image in the image stack by computing energy content for each pixel, generating a raw index map that contains the location of every pixels having maximum energy level among all the images in the image stack, generating degree of defocus ma and constructing the composite image.

Abstract: A microscope apparatus includes an objective lens; a light source for outputting light with which a biological sample is irradiated via the objective lens; a shape acquisition unit for acquiring information on at least one of a surface shape of the biological sample and a structure directly under the surface of the biological sample; a hologram generation unit for generating aberration correction hologram data for correcting an aberration caused by the at least one on the basis of the information acquired by the shape acquisition unit; a spatial light modulator to which a hologram based on the aberration correction hologram data is presented and for modulating the light output from the light source; a photodetector for detecting an intensity of light generated in the biological sample and outputs a detection signal.

Abstract: A near-eye device includes a spatial light modulator and a beam combiner. The spatial light modulator includes an array of phase modulating elements arranged to apply a phase delay distribution to incident light. The beam combiner includes a first optical input arranged to receive spatially modulated light from the spatial light modulator and a second optical input having a field of view of the real world.

Abstract: Provided is a hologram generation method including receiving three-dimensional (3D) data information, determining a first projection position onto which the 3D data information is projected on a hologram plane corresponding to a first spatial light modulator (SLM), and a second projection position onto which the 3D data information is projected on a hologram plane corresponding to a second SLM, generating a first Fresnel zone plate (FZP) pattern corresponding to the first projection position, and determining the first FZP pattern to be an FZP pattern corresponding to the second projection position.

Abstract: A holographic display includes: a light source; at least one beam steerer configured to control a propagation direction of a beam emitted from the light source; an optical element configured to condense a beam passing through the at least one beam steerer; and a spatial light modulator configured to form a three-dimensional (3D) image by modulating a beam passing through the at least one beam steerer.

Abstract: An electrowetting optical device including a conductive liquid and a non-conductive liquid, the liquids being non miscible, and a dielectric enclosure on which both fluids are in contact and form a triple interface. The non-conductive liquid includes from 0.0001 weight percent to 1 about weight percent of a surface adsorbing agent. The surface adsorbing agent is an amphiphilic molecule having a solubility in water lower than 0.1 about weight percent at 25° C.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for correcting a distortion of a holographic display. The method includes tracking a location of a viewing window by tracking a location of a pupil of a user and calculating a central location of the viewing window, generating a wavefront aberration by determining an object point and an image point based on a location of a light source and the central location of the viewing window and using ray tracing, and calculating a complex aberration light field using the generated wavefront aberration. Thus, a quality of a holographically reproduced image in a viewing window-based holographic display may be improved.

Abstract: A hologram generation apparatus is based on a hologram imaging system which includes an object space where an object is situated and a retina space or region where an image is formed within an eyeball of an observer. The hologram generation apparatus includes a modeling unit for generating first graphic data by transforming a 3D image of a 3D object to a set of polygonal facets; a data transformation unit for generating second graphic data by transforming the first graphic data from the modeling unit to normal/reference coordinates in the retina region; a hologram generation unit for generating a first computer generated hologram (CGH1), which is light wave analysis data for the second graphic data; and a hologram transformation unit for transforming the first computer generated hologram (CGH1) in the retina region to a second computer generated hologram (CGH2) in the object space.

Abstract: A light modulation apparatus 1A includes a first spatial light modulator, a pinhole member, and a second spatial light modulator. The first spatial light modulator has a phase modulation plane on which a kinoform for performing intensity modulation is displayed, and generates modulated light P2. The pinhole member has a light passing hole for letting a first-order light component of the modulated light P2 pass therethrough, and blocks a zeroth-order light component of the modulated light P2. The second spatial light modulator has a polarization modulation plane that controls the polarization state of the modulated light P2 incident on the polarization modulation plane through the light passing hole of the pinhole member, and generates modulated light P3.

Abstract: A mobile terminal including a touchscreen; a wireless communication unit configured to wirelessly communicate with an external watch terminal having a holography module disposed in a band of the watch terminal and being worn by a user; a sensing unit configured to sense a gesture of the user; and a controller configured to display a launch screen of a prescribed application on the touchscreen, receive a prescribed gesture sensed through the sensing unit, and control the wireless communication unit to transmit a control command to the external terminal to output a holographic image corresponding to the launch screen, in response to the received prescribed gesture.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for transparent displays that are well-suited for use in wearable heads-up displays are described. Such transparent displays include a light source that sequentially generates pixels or other discrete portions of an image. Respective modulated light signals corresponding to the respective pixels/portions are sequentially directed towards at least one dynamic reflector positioned on a lens of the transparent display within the user's field of view. The dynamic reflector (such as a MEMS-based digital micromirror) scans the modulated light signals directly over the user's eye and into the user's field of view. Successive portions of the image are generated in rapid succession until the entire image is displayed to the user.

Abstract: A complex spatial light modulator and a three-dimensional (3D) image display apparatus including the complex spatial light modulator are provided. The complex spatial light modulator includes: a spatial light modulator that modulates a phase of light; a prism array including a plurality of prism units, each of the plurality of prism units including a first prism surface and second prism surface, where light from the spatial light modulator is incident on the prism array; and a polarization-independent diffracting element that diffracts light that has passed through the prism array.

Abstract: A display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes a determination unit to determine a display mode, a light generator to selectively irradiate a 2D light or a hologram 3D light, a spatial light modulator to selectively display a 2D image or a hologram 3D image, and a control unit that controls the light generator to selectively irradiate the 2D light or the hologram 3D light and controls the spatial light modulator to modulate the 2D light or the hologram 3D light irradiated from the light generator to display the 2D image or the hologram 3D image according to the display mode determined by the determination unit.

Abstract: A method of generating a hologram includes receiving three-dimensional (3D) image data, dividing 3D image data into data groups which are independent from one another, by a first processor; calculating, from at least one of the data groups, hologram values to be displayed at respective positions on a hologram plane, by the first processor; calculating, from at least another one of the data groups, hologram values to be displayed at the respective positions on the hologram plane by a second processor, and summing the calculated hologram values for each of the respective positions on the hologram plane, by the first processor or the second processor, or by the first processor and the second processor in parallel.

Abstract: We fabricate a stereoscopic hologram of an object by capturing a sequence of 2D images of the object, moving camera along a linear axis past the object and keeping the optical axis of the camera perpendicular at each of the positions. The camera lens and image recording surface are translated along the axis such that a fiducial part of the image does not move. The sequence is replayed and a first volume hologram is recorded by recording holograms of the captured images on a diffusing screen in different spatial locations on a surface of the first volume hologram. This is then replayed to form a stereoscopic image of the object and a second, volume reflection hologram of the replayed image is recorded to provide the stereoscopic hologram. A central image of the sequence is aligned to the fiducial part of the holographic image to make the resulting hologram “user-friendly”.

Abstract: A method for despeckling the image reproduced by a Computer Generated Hologram (CGH) including reproducing a CGH, and jittering a location of an exit pupil of an optical system through which the CGH is imaged, relative to an observer's input pupil, so as to shift at least some speckles out of the exit pupil. A method for despeckling a Computer Generated Holographic image including computing a first modulation for a first holographic image, and computing a second modulation for a second holographic image of a same holographic image using an initial phase distribution used for calculating the first holographic image as an initial phase distribution used for calculating the second modulation. Related apparatus and methods are also described.

Abstract: A holographic display system for generating a super hologram with full parallax in different fields of view in the horizontal and vertical directions. The display system includes assemblies or subsystems each adapted to combine holographic displays and coarse integral displays to produce or display a coarse integral hologram. The display system is adapted to combine such displays or display systems to add more detail or information. For example, the display system can be assembled as if it were made up of “holographic bricks” that can be stacked and combined to provide a unique image/output. Briefly, the display system described herein teaches techniques for combining coarse integral holographic (CIH) displays in a seamless and scalable manner, e.g., a display system where multiple spatial light modulators (SLMs) can be placed or provided behind coarse integral optics.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein in which multi-level square wave excitation signals are used instead of or in addition to fully-analog excitation signals to drive an array of transceiver elements to create a sound field. Use of multi-level square wave excitation signals produces acceptable transceiver output with reduced complexity, cost, and/or power consumption as compared with use of fully-analog excitation signals. In addition, use of such signals facilitates system implementation using application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and is not as restricted in voltage level and speed. At the same time, the benefits and applications of fully-analog excitation signals (e.g., acoustic holography, beam superposition, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvements, suppression of parasitic modes, increased material penetration, potential for coded pulsing algorithms and suppression of side lobes in ultrasonic field) can still be achieved with multi-level square wave excitation signals.

Abstract: A sub-hologram generation method and an apparatus for a hologram display are provided, the apparatus including at least a first calculation unit configured to calculate a size of a first sub-hologram area corresponding to a first hologram object using a user viewing window, a second calculation unit configured to calculate a size of a second sub-hologram area corresponding to the first hologram object based on a size of a display pixel, and a determiner configured to compare the size of the first sub-hologram area and the size of the second sub-hologram area, and to determine a sub-hologram area corresponding to the first hologram object based on a result of the comparing.

Abstract: A system for controlling infrared (IR) enabled devices by projecting coded IR pulses from an active illumination depth camera is described. In some embodiments, a gesture recognition system includes an active illumination depth camera such as a depth camera that utilizes time-of-flight (TOF) or structured light techniques for obtaining depth information. The gesture recognition system may detect the performance of a particular gesture associated with a particular electronic device, determine a set of device instructions in response to detecting the particular gesture, and transmit the set of device instructions to the particular electronic device utilizing coded IR pulses. The coded IR pulses may imitate the IR pulses associated with a remote control protocol. In some cases, the coded IR pulses transmitted may also be used by the active illumination depth camera for determining depth information.

Abstract: A holographic projection apparatus and a method for magnifying a virtual visibility region, for observing a reconstructed scene with at least one light modulation device and with at least one light source having sufficiently coherent light for generating a wavefront of a scene that is coded in the light modulation device. By means of imaging the wavefront into a viewer plane, it is possible to generate the virtual visibility region for observing the reconstructed scene. The virtual visibility region has at least two virtual viewer windows. In this case, the virtual viewer windows are dimensioned such that the reconstructed scene can always be observed without tracking of the viewer windows upon movement of a viewer in the viewer plane.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes at least one light source to emit coherent light, a holographic optical element to diffract the coherent light from the light source to produce image light, an optical mechanism to guide the image light from the holographic optical element, at least one detection unit to detect the intensity of the image light, and an adjustment unit to adjust the power of the light source based on the result of detection by the detection unit. An image based on the image light is observed by a viewer.

Abstract: A technique for fabricating a highlight hologram based on a digital object performs point sampling on the object and represents each sampled point as a geometric patch. A set of geometric patches corresponding to sampled points from the object are fabricated into a substrate. A paraboloid patch may be used for reflective substrates while a hyperboloid may be used for transmissive substrates. To avoid specifying overlapping patches, which are impractical to fabricate, certain of the sample points may be merged. An output set of grooves is saved and may be used to specify fabrication of a highlight hologram on the physical substrate.

Abstract: A light wavelength conversion module including a substrate, a first light wavelength conversion layer, and a first light transmissive layer is provided. The substrate has a light passing-through area and a first light wavelength conversion area. The first light wavelength conversion layer is located at the first light wavelength conversion area and between the first light transmissive layer and the substrate. The first light wavelength conversion layer is suitable for converting a coherent light beam into a first conversion light beam, wherein wavelengths of the coherent light beam and the first conversion light beam are different from each other. An illumination system and a projection apparatus are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a hologram that may generate a three-dimensional (3D) hologram pattern at a high speed may include a pattern setting unit to set points for which hologram patterns are to be generated with respect to a one-eighth area of an entire area for which a hologram pattern is to be generated, a calculation unit to calculate pattern values for a plurality of reference points selected with respect to the one-eighth area of the entire area, and to generate a pattern for the one-eighth area using recurrent interpolation, and a pattern duplicating unit to complete a pattern for the entire area by duplicating the generated pattern for the one-eighth area.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for calibrating a multi-layer three-dimensional (3D) display (MLD) that may control a 3D display including a plurality of display layers to display a first image on one of the plurality of display layers, acquire a second image by capturing the first image, calculate a homography between the display layer and an image capturer based on the first image and the second image, and calculate geometric relations of the display layer with respect to the image capturer based on the calculated homography.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for displaying images, and for implementing volumetric user interfaces. One exemplary embodiment provides a system comprising: a light source; an image producing unit, which produces an image upon interaction with light approaching the image producing unit from the light source; an eyepiece; and a mirror, directing light from the image to a surface of the eyepiece, wherein the surface has a shape of a solid of revolution formed by revolving a planar curve at least 180° around an axis of revolution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a digital hologram recording system and a numerical reconstruction method for a hologram, which are used for capturing an image of an object and recording it as a holographic data. Said system comprises: signal light, formed after irradiating the object with a light source; an image detector, for recording interference fringes of the signal light; and a light pipe, arranged in a path of the signal light and located between the object and the image detector, wherein the light pipe has a reflection surface, and a part of the signal light enters the image detector after reflected by the reflection surface of the light pipe. The present invention can make the collected signal equivalent to several times of the pixel counts of the image detector, thereby able to break through the spatial bandwidth limitation and shortening the amount of time required to measure the hologram.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for generating an image in a holographic imaging device by causing multiple reflections of a hologram reconstruction light on one side of a display panel in the holographic imaging device. An example device may include a display panel, a semi-transparent mirror layer on the display panel, a mirror layer at a side of the semi-transparent mirror layer opposite to the display panel, and a light irradiation unit opposite to the semi-transparent mirror layer. The light irradiation unit may irradiate a hologram reconstruction light on the semi-transparent mirror layer at a predetermined incident angle. The semi-transparent mirror layer may reflect a portion of the hologram reconstruction light such that the reflected portion of the hologram reconstruction light may be incident on the mirror layer. The semi-transparent mirror layer may transmit the other portion of the hologram reconstruction light to cause interference in the hologram.

Abstract: In an illustrative implementation of this invention, an animated holographic display is created as follows: Multiple HPO holograms in the shape of horizontal strips are recorded on an H2 medium. These horizontal strips are vertically displaced from each other. An animated real image is displayed by sequentially illuminating these HPO holograms. In illustrative implementations of this invention, the vertical perspective of at least some adjacent HPO stripes are identical.

Abstract: An apparatus for creating a holodot comprising of a low resolution 2 dimensional spatial light modulator (SLM) and two crossed striped high resolution spatial light modulators. The first SLM creates a 2D image and the second two focus the light into an observer's pupil.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fast generation of a hologram image. The method may include generating a point hologram corresponding to each three-dimensional (3D) point using sub-sampling, generating a hologram pattern using the generated point hologram, and generating a 3D hologram by interpolating the generated hologram pattern.

Abstract: A system for order alignment of diffractively produced images is provided. The system comprises: a diffractive spatial light modulator (DSLM) configured to provide a computer generated hologram of an image; a substantially coherent light source configured to illuminate the DSLM which responsively produces the image along each of different diffractive order paths; and, at least one set of optical components located along respective diffractive order paths of the DSLM, the at least one set of optical components configured to align at least one respective image diffracted from the DSLM with at least another diffracted image at a common image plane.

Abstract: A method for measuring through optical means temporally resolved, optical properties, and/or phenotypes that are linked to cellular homeostasis. Those temporal measurements enable the detection of cell regulation through various channels linked to homeostasis, in order to monitor cell viability.

Abstract: A card 1 includes: a card substrate 10; a transparent hologram layer 20 on a part of the substrate 10; and a surface layer 30 comprising a print layer 40 on the substrate 10 and the layer 20, is formed by a transparent material, and is printed with a color similar to the upper surface of the substrate 10. When a card surface 1a is viewed from the normal line, the layer 40 has the same color shading compared to the upper surface of the substrate 10, at the edge portion 22 of the layer 20. The layer 40 includes a gradation portion 43 wherein the color is gradually lighter from an outer edge portion 43a at the inner side of the edge portion 22 of the layer 20 toward the inner portion, a window portion 44 is formed at an image 21 portion of the layer 20.

Abstract: The invention describes a method of manufacturing a holographic mask capable of producing an image pattern that contains elements of a subwavelength size along with decreased deviations from the original pattern. The original pattern is converted into a virtual electromagnetic field and is divided into a set of virtual cells with certain amplitudes and phases, which are mathematically processed for obtaining the virtual digital hologram. In the calculation of virtual components of the hologram, the method includes a step, wherein as a result of the preliminary divergence of the initial light beam, the entire virtual hologram is increased in proportion to the degree of the divergence of the initial light beam. This facilitate virtual processing of the fine and delicate elements of the virtual hologram. Upon completion of the virtual processing, the final data needed for manufacturing of the actual digital hologram, e.g., on a lithograph, are obtained.

Abstract: A holographic display system for generating a super hologram with full parallax in different fields of view in the horizontal and vertical directions. The system includes an array of holographic display devices, e.g., spatial light modulators (SLMs), operable to provide a plurality of holographic images of a scene from differing viewpoints of the scene. Each SLM is operated concurrently to output a narrow field of view, elemental hologram. The system includes coarse integral optics combining the holographic images into a single hologram (“super hologram”) viewable in a hologram image plane a distance from the course integral optics. The coarse integral optics combine the holographic images by providing angular tiling of the holographic images, e.g., bending the axes of parallel lenses. In this manner, the field of view, in one direction, of the super hologram is based on the number of holographic display devices provided in the array in one direction.

Abstract: A projection device includes an optical element including a hologram recording medium where information is multiplexedly recorded in each position so as to allow a coherent light beam to be diffused to a plurality of regions, an irradiation device configured to irradiate the optical element with the coherent light beam so as to allow the coherent light beam to scan the hologram recording medium, spatial light modulators configured to be illuminated with the coherent light beam which is incident from the irradiation device to the hologram recording medium to be diffused to the plurality of regions, and projection optical systems, each projection optical system projecting modulation image obtained on each spatial light modulator on corresponding screen. The coherent light beam, which is incident to each position of the hologram recording medium to be diffused, is illuminated on a plurality of the spatial light modulators.

Abstract: The invention describes a method of manufacturing a holographic mask capable of producing an image pattern that contains elements of a sub-wavelength size along with decreased deviations from the original pattern. The original pattern is converted into a virtual electromagnetic field and is divided into a set of virtual cells with certain amplitudes and phases, which are mathematically processed for obtaining the virtual digital hologram. The calculation of the latter is based on parameters of the restoration wave, which is used to produce the image pattern from the mask, and on computer optimization by variation of amplitudes and phases of the set of virtual cells and/or parameters of the virtual digital hologram for reaching a satisfactory matching between the produced image pattern and the original pattern. The obtained virtual digital hologram provides physical parameters of the actual digital hologram that is to be manufactured.

Abstract: Disclosed a system for reconstructing an image of an object hidden by a flame. The system comprises a laser source emitting an infrared radiation and a lensless, off-axis interferometric arrangement that divides the infrared radiation into an object beam and a reference beam. The object beam is enlarged and then irradiates the object, that scatters it. The reference beam is enlarged and then interferes with the scattered object beam, so as to create a hologram. The system comprises an infrared detector which detects the hologram and a processor that reconstructs the image of the object by numerically processing the hologram.

Abstract: Generally, this disclosure provides systems and methods for generating three dimensional holographic images on a transparent display screen with dynamic image control. The system may include a transparent display screen that includes an array of pixels; a driver circuit configured to control each of the pixels in the array of pixels such that the transparent display screen displays an interference fringe pattern, the interference fringe pattern associated with a hologram; and a coherent light source configured to illuminate the transparent display screen with coherent light, wherein transformation of the coherent light by the interference fringe pattern generates a three dimensional holographic image.

Abstract: A holographic display system for generating a super hologram with full parallax in different fields of view in the horizontal and vertical directions. The display system includes assemblies or subsystems each adapted to combine holographic displays and coarse integral displays to produce or display a coarse integral hologram. The display system is adapted to combine such displays or display systems to add more detail or information. For example, the display system can be assembled as if it were made up of “holographic bricks” that can be stacked and combined to provide a unique image/output. Briefly, the display system described herein teaches techniques for combining coarse integral holographic (CIH) displays in a seamless and scalable manner, e.g., a display system where multiple spatial light modulators (SLMs) can be placed or provided behind coarse integral optics.

Abstract: An Interferometer for off-axis digital holographic microscopy includes a recording plane, and a grating located in a plane optically conjugated with the recording plane. The grating defining a first and a second optical path, the optical path corresponding to different diffraction order.

Abstract: A holographic projection apparatus and a method for magnifying a virtual visibility region, for observing a reconstructed scene with at least one light modulation device and with at least one light source having sufficiently coherent light for generating a wavefront of a scene that is coded in the light modulation device. By means of imaging the wavefront into a viewer plane, it is possible to generate the virtual visibility region for observing the reconstructed scene. The virtual visibility region has at least two virtual viewer windows. In this case, the virtual viewer windows are dimensioned such that the reconstructed scene can always be observed without tracking of the viewer windows upon movement of a viewer in the viewer plane.