Abstract: Techniques for generating 3-D holographic images of a 3-D real or synthetic object scene are presented. A holographic generator component (HGC) can obtain a real or synthetic 3-D object scene. The HGC generates a high-resolution grating, and generates a low-resolution mask based on the 3-D object scene. The HGC overlays the mask on the grating to generate the hologram, which can be a digital mask programmable hologram. The HGC can use the grating as an encryption key, if desired, wherein the mask can be encrypted based on the encryption key. The display component receives the hologram and can generate holographic images, based on the hologram, and display the holographic images using one or more low-resolution displays. The grating and display can be arranged in various formations in relation to each other. A single display can be partitioned into a tile structure for displaying holographic images in the respective tiles.

Abstract: Systems and methods for infrared laser holographic projection. In one example, an optical apparatus includes a first laser source configured to generate a first laser beam having a first wavelength in an infrared spectral range and a holographic medium optically coupled to the laser source and having a transmittance range including the first wavelength. A diffraction pattern formed in the holographic medium encodes an input image and is configured to diffract the first laser beam responsive to being illuminated by the laser beam so as to construct an image in the infrared spectrum, the image being a reconstruction of the input image. The diffraction pattern may further be configured to diffract a second laser beam having a second wavelength in a visible spectral range to construct an image including a first portion in the infrared spectral range and a second portion in the visible spectral range.

Abstract: A method of displaying a video image comprises receiving sequential image frames at a processor. Each image frame is processed to obtain a kinoform. A programmable diffractive element such as an SLM represents the sequence of kinoforms allowing reproduction of the image using a suitable illumination beam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a holographic display and more particularly to an apparatus and methods for a curved electro-holographic display. The apparatus mainly comprises; at least one light source for providing lights, at least one axially symmetric mirror for reflecting the fights coming from light source, at least one spatial light modulation system consists of one or more than one spatial light modulators for modulating lights reflecting from the axially symmetric mirror and forming a desired optical reconstruction above the axially symmetric mirror by reflecting the lights which is seen from a viewing zone by the user.

Abstract: A system for surface patterning using a three dimensional holographic mask includes a light source configured to emit a light beam toward the holographic mask. The holographic mask can be formed as a topographical pattern on a transparent mask substrate. A semiconductor substrate can be positioned on an opposite site of the holographic mask as the light source and can be spaced apart from the holographic mask. The system can also include a base for supporting the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: Methods and an apparatus for color holographic display are provided. The method for color holographic display includes modifying a plurality of color component light beams by passing light from each of a plurality of color component light sources through a corresponding one of a plurality of color sub-hologram masks to generate a corresponding plurality of modified color component light beams. The plurality of modified color component light beams are color multiplexed to generate a multiplexed masked color light beam. The multiplexed masked color light beam is shined onto modulated computer generated holographic information corresponding to the object in order to reconstruct the object by diffracting each portion of the multiplexed masked color light beam to a location and at an intensity determined in response to a corresponding portion of the computer generated holographic information to create the object as a color holographic display.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods, apparatus, and computer program code for the holographic display of images. We describe a method of displaying an image holographically. The method includes displaying a hologram on pixels of a spatial light modulator (SLM) and illuminating the SLM such that the image is displayed in pixels of a replay field (RPF) of the hologram. The method further includes subdividing the replay field into a plurality of spatially interlaced regions, and displaying holograms for each of the interlaced regions of the replay field sequentially at different times such that in an observer's eye the interlaced regions integrate to give the impression of the image and such that interference between adjacent pixels of the replay field is reduced.

Abstract: The present invention involves a device for reading the source image of a synthetic hologram constituting the Fourier transform of the source image formed on a support (40), comprising a lens (42) positioned for forming the Fourier transform of the hologram on an image detection system (44), the relative positions of said lens and of said support being selected so that a desired number of replicas of the image are displayed on a plane of the detection system, said device further comprising a processing system (48) capable of performing a combination of replicas of the image.

Abstract: An optically writable holographic card, an optically writable holographic media, and a method of making the media are herein described. The card has a media region that includes an optically writable material. The optically writable material has an holographic embossment such that an holographic image is producible by the optically writable material. The media includes an holographically embossed first layer. An optically writable, optically readable second layer conforms to the embossment. The holographic image is generable by the second layer. The method includes producing an holographic embossment associated with an holographic image. An optically writable layer is conformed to the holographic embossment. The holographic image is viewable in response to illuminating the optically writable layer. The optically writable layer is optically readable.

Abstract: Provided is a complex spatial light modulator and a holographic 3D image display including the complex spatial light modulator. The complex spatial light modulator includes a spatial light modulator for modulating a phase or an amplitude of light, a pair of lens arrays, and a grating disposed between the pair of lens arrays. Accordingly, the phase and the amplitude of light may be modulated simultaneously.

Abstract: A numerical method of recording a two or three dimensional object scene in a binary hologram. When the binary hologram is illuminated with a reference beam, the original object scene can be reconstructed and observed by a viewer. As the hologram is binary, i.e. composed of black or white pixels, it can be printed with commodity printers. The process is simple, fast, and economical, hence decreasing the cost and time for hologram design and production. In addition, with binary holograms, the ability to store the holograms is enhanced and binary holograms facilitate efficient transmission of the holograms.

Abstract: A method for eliminating hologram DC noise and a hologram device using the same are provided. The method for processing the hologram includes: receiving input of hologram data; and implementing a differential operation with respect to the hologram data. Accordingly, the hologram data is processed by implementing the differential operation with respect to the hologram data, so that DC noise occurring when the hologram is reconstructed can be effectively eliminated.

Abstract: Device for generating a hologram pattern including: selecting means for selecting, as cross section ranges which are in a plurality of cross sections parallel to hologram pattern in 3D object and which are ranges used for generating hologram pattern, cross section ranges which overlap ranges in other cross sections when the relevant cross section is perspectively seen from a predetermined observation point on the hologram pattern; depth integrating means for calculating, for lattice points in one cross section range, a depth integral function acquired by integrating an inverse diffraction function for determining hologram pattern for displaying points of 3D object with respect to respective lattice points in the cross section ranges which overlap the relevant lattice point; and inverse Fourier transform means for generating hologram pattern by performing two-dimensional inverse transform on depth integral functions with respect to plurality of lattice points in one cross section range.

Abstract: We describe methods of mass-producing full colour, 3D holograms, potentially incorporating a personalised image, which are particularly suitable for security purposes. Broadly speaking in embodiments a method generates, electronically, an interlaced image comprising a set of different views of a 3D object from different angles. This is projected onto a diffusing screen using coherent light and mapped from the screen into an angularly encoded object beam using a lenticular array. The different views in the angularly encoded object beam are then recorded simultaneously into holographic film using a reference beam.

Abstract: The invention relates to an encrypted synthetic hologram formed from the Fourier transformation of an image (40) and consisting of a matrix of elementary cells. Half of the elementary cells, with a 10% margin, selected according to a motif (52), are dephased in relation to the elementary cells of a hologram directly produced by the Fourier transformation of the image.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for displaying images, and for implementing volumetric user interfaces. One exemplary embodiment provides a system comprising: a light source; an image producing unit, which produces an image upon interaction with light approaching the image producing unit from the light source; an eyepiece; and a mirror, directing light from the image to a surface of the eyepiece, wherein the surface has a shape of a solid of revolution formed by revolving a planar curve at least 180° around an axis of revolution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light modulator device with a spatial light modulator, a structured polariser means, a controllable polarisation means and a light wave multiplexing means. The spatial light modulator comprises discretely addressable modulator cells. Two modulator cells each are combined to form a modulation element. The modulator cells modulate light waves which are capable of generating interference of a propagating light wave field with holographic information in a spatially structured way such that a specifiable spatial distribution of object light points of a three-dimensional scene is holographically reconstructed. The modulator cells of each modulation element are adjacently arranged regarding the direction of propagation of the light wave field. The light which is modulated by adjacently arranged modulator cells is given different polarisation states by the structured polarizer means.

Abstract: Hologram production techniques can combine source data representing realistic information describing an environment with source data providing representational information describing a feature of the environment and/or some object interacting with the environment. The combined data is used to produce holograms, and particularly holographic stereograms including features that enhance the visualization of the environment depicted in hologram. A haptic interface can be used in conjunction with such holograms to further aid use of the hologram, and to provide an interface to secondary information provided by a computer and related to the images depicted in the hologram.

Abstract: A recording plane of a computer-generated hologram that is capable of reconstructing a full-color image and achieving a high resolution is divided by a multiplicity of parallel sections in the horizontal direction to define a multiplicity of areas. Amplitude information and phase information corresponding to different wavelengths which vary periodically in a direction traversing the multiplicity of areas, is recorded in the recording medium. Information about the same portion of the original image is recorded in individual points belonging to the same area, and information about another corresponding portion of the original image is recorded in individual points belonging to another area.

Abstract: Systems, devices and methods are described including providing infrared (IR) laser radiation to a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) array and using the DMD array to spatially modulate the IR laser radiation. The spatially modulated IR laser radiation may then be projected to form a voxel array where each voxel of the array represents to a volume of air wherein the IR laser radiation has been focused sufficiently to cause air to ionize. The voxel array may then be spatially rotated.

Abstract: A display system (300) comprising an optical system and a processing system. The optical system comprising a spatial light modulator (380), a light source, a Fourier transform lens, a viewing system (320, 330) and a processing system. The spatial light modulator is arranged to display holographic data in the Fourier domain, illuminated by the light source. The Fourier transform lens is arranged to produce a 2D holographic reconstruction in the spatial domain (310) corresponding to the holographic data. The viewing system is arranged to produce a virtual image (350) of the 2D holographic reconstruction. The processing system is arranged to combine the Fourier domain data representative of a 2D image with Fourier domain data representative of a phase only lens to produce first holographic data, and provide the first holographic data to the optical system to produce a virtual image.

Abstract: A method for encoding computer-generated holograms in pixelated light modulators, the encoding area of which comprises a pixel matrix whose pixels are provided with a pixel form and a pixel transparency, wherein the encoding area contains a hologram made up of sub-holograms, to each of which is assigned an object point of the object to be reconstructed by the hologram. The corruption of the reconstruction of the hologram caused by the real pixel form and the pixel transparency is largely eliminated and the computing time for correction of the hologram is reduced. Each individual computer-generated sub-hologram is multiplied by a correction function, and only thereafter the corrected sub-holograms are added up to form a total hologram, the correction function being based on the reciprocal of the transform of the pixel function (e.g. 1/sinc) associated with the virtual observer window.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a hologram of an object includes a light source that emits an incoherent electromagnetic wave toward the object, and a masking device configured to display a mask, receive the incoherent electromagnetic wave emitted toward the object, mask the received incoherent electromagnetic wave according to the displayed mask, and produce a masked electromagnetic wave. The apparatus also includes an image recording device configured to capture an image of the masked electromagnetic wave, and a processing device configured to convert the image of the masked electromagnetic wave into the hologram of the object. A method for producing a hologram of an object is also described.

Abstract: A confocal rainbow holographic imaging system and hologram fabrication method. The system employs a multi-spectral light source, a multiple grating volume hologram and a dual pass illumination and imaging pathway which provide for depth sectioning of an object, coverage of the full FOV of the system, and high lateral and depth resolution. Dual matched holograms are used to provide a high image contrast ratio. A method for fabricating the holograms employ a novel combination of design tools is also provided.

Abstract: A head-mounted display device for generating reconstructions of three-dimensional representations including a frame, in which at least one light source, at least one optical system and at least one encodable light modulator are situated, wherein the light modulator with an encoding of a wavefront of the three-dimensional representation in the encoding area is positioned at the place of an observer window defined in an observer plane or the light modulator with an encoding of a hologram of the wavefront of the three-dimensional representation in the encoding area is positioned in the region closely in front of the observer window for transforming the hologram into the observer window. When the light modulators are illuminated, complex wavefronts of the three-dimensional representation are situated in the observer window and the reconstruction of the three-dimensional representation is visible in a visual cone spanned by the observer window and the light modulator.

Abstract: An analytical method for computing a video hologram for a holographic reproduction device having at least one light modulation means is disclosed, wherein a scene split into object points is encoded as a whole hologram and can be seen as a reconstruction from a visibility region, located within a periodicity interval of the reconstruction. The visibility region, together with each object point of the scene to be reconstructed, defines a subhologram and the whole hologram is generated from a superposition of subholograms, wherein the complex hologram values of a subhologram are determined from the wave front of the respective object point to be reconstructed in a modulator region of the light modulation means, by calculating and evaluating the transmission or modulation functions of an imaging element formed in the modulator region. The object point to be reconstructed is located in the focal point of the imaging element.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to produce a hologram of an object includes an electromagnetic radiation assembly configured to receive a received electromagnetic radiation, such as light, from the object. The electromagnetic radiation assembly is further configured to diffract the received electromagnetic radiation and transmit a diffracted electromagnetic radiation. An image capture assembly is configured to capture an image of the diffracted electromagnetic radiation and produce the hologram of the object from the captured image.

Abstract: A system and method and computer program product for exposing a photoresist film with patterns of finer resolution than can physically be projected onto the film in an ordinary image formed at the same wavelength. A hologram structure containing a set of resolvable spatial frequencies is first formed above the photoresist film. An illuminating wavefront containing a second set of resolvable spatial frequencies is projected through the hologram, forming a new set of transmitted spatial frequencies that expose the photoresist. The transmitted spatial frequencies include sum frequencies of higher frequency than is present in the hologram or illuminating wavefront, increasing the resolution of the exposing pattern. Designing lithographic masks further includes fabricating the hologram and projecting the illuminating wavefront. A simple personalization based on Talbot fringes and plasmonic interference is further performed.

Abstract: A holographic image display system comprises a screen, a first and a second light source, a scanning mechanism, and a controller. The screen includes a photochromic material arranged thereon. The photochromic material has light absorption characteristics which change depending on illumination with a wavelength of an ultraviolet light beam. The first light source directs a visible light beam with a sufficiently large diameter onto the screen, whereas the second light source directs an ultraviolet light beam onto the screen through the scanning mechanism. The controller controls emissions and scanning of the ultraviolet light beam based on a holographic signal so that the ultraviolet light beam can be scanned across the screen.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hologram which forms a light intensity distribution on a predetermined plane by using an incident light. The hologram includes a plurality of cells configured to control both a phase of a first polarized light component of the incident light and a phase of a second polarized light component. The plurality of cells are designed to form a portion in an overlap region in which a first light intensity distribution region formed on the predetermined plane by the first polarized light component and a second light intensity distribution region formed on the predetermined plane by the second polarized light component are superposed on each other. The phase of the first polarized light component is diffused in the portion formed in the overlap region.

Abstract: A device for holographic reconstruction of three-dimensional scenes includes optical focusing means which directs sufficiently coherent light from light means to the eyes of at least one observer via a spatial light modulator that is encoded with holographic information. The device has a plurality of illumination units for illuminating the surface of the spatial light modulator; each unit comprises a focusing element, and a light means that emits sufficiently coherent light such that each of these illumination units illuminates one separate illuminated region of the surface, whereby the focusing element and the light means are arranged such that the light emitted by the light means coincides close to or at the observer eyes.

Abstract: A holographic display device and method of generating a hologram using redundancy of 3D video are disclosed. A storage unit stores the hologram of a previous 3D image frame. A control unit generates an update map indicating an update required 3D point among 3D points included in a current 3D image frame based on the current 3D image frame and the previous 3D image frame and modifies the update map to further include information indicating the update of a 3D point related to the update required.

Abstract: A holographic display device and a method for generating a hologram are disclosed. The holographic display device generating a hologram may include a storage unit and a control unit. Herein, the storage unit may store at least one look-up table each having a partial size of a full size of sub-holograms for reconfiguring object points, wherein the object points are included in a scene reconfigured of the generated hologram. And, the control unit may use at least one look-up table each having the partial size, so as to calculate hologram values of the sub-holograms for reconfiguring object points, wherein the object points are included in the scene, and then the control unit may generate the hologram by overlapping the hologram values of the sub-holograms.

Abstract: A plasmonic modulator and an optical apparatus including the same are provided. The plasmonic modulator includes a first metal layer, and a second metal layer facing the first metal layer. The plasmonic modulator further includes a refractive index varying layer disposed between the first and second metal layers and including a varying refractive index, and an insulating nitride layer disposed between the refractive index varying layer and the first metal layer.

Abstract: We describe a holographic image projector, comprising: a laser light source to provide light at a laser wavelength; a first spatial light modulator (SLM) to display a hologram, wherein said first SLM is illuminated by said laser light source; intermediate image optics to provide a first intermediate real image plane at which a real image produced by said hologram displayed on said first SLM is formed; a wavelength-conversion material located at said first intermediate real image plane to convert said laser wavelength to at least a first output wavelength different to said laser wavelength; and second optics to project light from said real image at said output wavelength to provide a displayed image.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to produce a hologram of a cross-section of an object includes an electromagnetic radiation assembly configured to receive a received electromagnetic radiation, such as light, from the object. The electromagnetic radiation assembly is further configured to diffract the received electromagnetic radiation and transmit a diffracted electromagnetic radiation. An image capture assembly is configured to capture an image of the diffracted electromagnetic radiation and produce the hologram of the cross-section of the object from the captured image. The hologram of the cross-section includes information regarding a single cross-section of the object.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of generating a hologram based on pattern reuse may include a pattern generating unit to generate an initial hologram pattern corresponding to a three-dimensional (3D) object in a 3D space, and a pattern transformation unit to determine a transformation hologram pattern by transforming the generated initial hologram pattern.

Abstract: A method for generating video holograms for a holographic reproduction device with at least one light modulation means, wherein a scene split into object points is encoded as a whole hologram and can be seen as a reconstruction from a visibility region, which is located within a periodicity interval of the reconstruction of the video hologram. The visibility region, together with each object point of the scene to be reconstructed, defines a subhologram and the whole hologram is generated from a superposition of subholograms, wherein in a sequence of image contents the difference subholograms of object points are preferably generated for each picture, differing in regards to the visibility according to the viewer position in sequential images of the sequence. The display device comprises means that provide high-quality video holograms in spite of the data amount being significantly reduced.

Abstract: A technique for adjusting a phase relationship among modulation symbols is disclosed. A method embodiment of this technique comprises the steps of applying to a sequence of modulation symbols a phase ramp that continuously increases over the duration of the symbol sequence, and applying a compensation phase to each modulation symbol to introduce a phase offset between two subsequent modulation symbols. The joint application of the phase ramp and the compensation phase can be used to establish a saw tooth-like phase characteristic over the sequence of modulation symbols. In one embodiment, the phase ramp is applied in the context of impressing a frequency shift on the modulation symbols.

Abstract: Holographic display with which voice and holographic image over internet protocol (VHIOIP) services or communications are provided.

Abstract: A holographic projection display for reconstructing a 3D-scene and a coding method that indicates an improvement of the control value of coding through an iterative Fourier transformations-algorithm are disclosed. The display includes a reproduction system including at least two reproducing means. First reproduction means for reproducing the illuminating means and for the Fourier transformation of actual wave fronts modulated in the phase modulator follow a second reproduction means, that functions as a screen. The plane of the screen is a Fourier transformation plane for calculations with the iterative Fourier transformation-algorithm and the plane of the phase modulator is the other Fourier transformation plane.

Abstract: A laser processing apparatus 1 includes a laser light source 10, a phase modulation type spatial light modulator 20, a driving unit 21, a control unit 22, and an imaging optical system 30. The imaging optical system 30 may be a telecentric optical system. A storage unit 21A included in the driving unit stores a plurality of basic holograms corresponding to a plurality of basic processing patterns and a focusing hologram corresponding to a Fresnel lens pattern. The control unit 22 arranges in parallel two or more basic holograms selected from the plurality of basic holograms stored in the storage unit 21A, overlaps the focusing hologram with each of the basic holograms arranged in parallel to form the whole hologram, and presents the formed whole hologram to the spatial light modulator 20.

Abstract: A holographic display with an illumination device, an enlarging unit and a light modulator. The illumination device includes at least one light source and a light collimation unit, the light collimation unit collimates the light of the at least one light source and generates a light wave field of the light that is emitted by the light source with a specifiable angular spectrum of plane waves, the enlarging unit is disposed downstream of the light collimation unit, seen in the direction of light propagation, where the enlarging unit comprises includes a transmissive volume hologram realising an anamorphic broadening of the light wave field due to a transmissive interaction of the light wave field with the volume hologram, and the light modulator is disposed upstream or downstream of the anamorphic enlarging unit, seen in the direction of light propagation.

Abstract: The invention provides for both a composite image field for verification and/or security applications and including a plurality of sets of image elements, wherein members of each set are from the same one of a respective plurality of images and are spaced and located within the composite image in a manner seeking to avoid those of another set, the composite image being formed by the adjacent location of the spaced elements and wherein the spacing and location is in a defined manner serving to create a security key; and also a related composite optical element for verification and/or security applications and including a plurality of sets of optical elements, the members of each set sharing die same optical properties and spaced and located within the composite element in a manner seeking to avoid those of another set, the composite optical element being formed by the adjacent location of the spaced elements and wherein the spacing and location is in a manner defined for providing a security key.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and a method for performing buoyance of a 3D hologram image on a hologram display screen in a projection mode. A system of displaying a digital hologram includes: a composite hologram unit configured to generate a hologram array by receiving hologram data of a fringe pattern and by compositing background image and a foreground image using the received fringe pattern; a hologram projection unit configured to project a hologram image through a wide-angle lens by applying a light to the hologram array; and a hologram display unit configured to perform space buoyance of the hologram image projected by the hologram projection unit on a 3D hologram display screen. The digital hologram content is managed in real time by using the present disclosure, and transmission of the digital hologram content to a remote place and site adaptive display of hologram image media may be achieved.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments of a holographic display device that may reproduce dynamic color holograms and holographic video. A holographic display device includes a processor, a memory, a display screen, and one or more monochromatic light sources. The memory stores a holographic interference pattern that encodes a three-dimensional scene. The display screen is configured by the processor to render the holographic interference pattern. The monochromatic light sources are configured to illuminate the display screen so as to reconstruct a wavefront reflected by the three-dimensional scene.

Abstract: A holographic reconstruction system is disclosed with spatial light modulation means, modulating interferable light waves from light sources with at least one video hologram, comprising optical focusing means, focusing the modulated light waves with the reconstructed object light points for at least one eye position for the eyes of observers and controllable electro-optical deflector means, which direct the focused modulated light waves with the reconstructed light points to at least one eye position in order to reduce the aberrations. The reconstruction system has the optical focusing means in a field of focusing elements, wherein each focusing element is provided with at least one interferable light source. The electro-optical deflector means lie in the light path of the interferable light waves after the optical focusing mean and have at least one field of deflector elements, which has at least one separately controllable electro-optical deflector element for each focusing element.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to display a highly reproducible three-dimensional image in response to changes in the viewer's position and to easily realize the miniaturization of the system. The three-dimensional image projector includes a projection image forming disc in which a hologram recording medium is formed along a disc-shaped glass substrate, and which projects image light having directivity by causing the image light to fall incident on the hologram recording medium, and a rotational drive unit for rotationally driving the projection image forming disc along a surface of the glass substrate with the center point on the surface as a rotation center. The projection image forming disc is preliminarily recorded with a hologram by causing two laser beams as reference light and object light to simultaneously fall incident on the hologram recording medium.

Abstract: A method for integrating a synthetic hologram in an image of a scene, including: forming, from a first image of the scene, a first matrix including pixels of two shades according to the gray level of the corresponding pixel of the first image, and a second matrix, image of the gray level difference between the corresponding pixels of the first image and of the first matrix; forming a third matrix based on a second image; forming a fourth matrix having each pixel including a central area with a surface area determined by the corresponding element of the second matrix and off-centered in the pixel according to the corresponding pixel of the third matrix; and performing a lithography of an opaque layer at the surface of a plate according to the pattern defined by the fourth pixel matrix.

Abstract: A holographic reconstruction system and a corresponding holographic reconstruction method are disclosed. The holographic reconstruction system comprises light source means for providing substantially coherent light, reconstruction means for holographically reconstructing a scene and for producing a visibility region from where the viewer can view the holographically reconstructed scene, and deflection means for positioning the visibility region. The aim of the invention is to improve the visibility region of a holographic reconstruction system. To achieve this aim, the holographic reconstruction system comprises deflection drive means for continuously rotating or pivoting the deflection means about a rotational axis at a rotary frequency, thereby displacing the visibility region.