Abstract: A cooling system for an electronics chassis includes a plurality of centrifugal blowers arranged to motivate cooling air through the electronics chassis. The centrifugal blowers are arranged in one or more sets, each having blowers oriented with respective inlets in mutual facing relationship. The orientation, positioning, and alignment of the centrifugal blowers facilitates a compact arrangement of the plurality of blowers that achieves increased aerodynamic efficiencies to reduce noise output and energy consumption.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a first body, a second body, a baffle and a drive mechanism. The second body includes an opening the bottom surface thereof, and the baffle is disposed on the bottom surface to cover the opening. The baffle moves with respect to the second body and has a raised portion. The drive mechanism includes a pivot, a linkage and a sliding member. The pivot connects the first body and the second body. The linkage is sleeved over the pivot. The sliding member is connected to the linkage and has a pushing portion. While the first body rotates with respect to the second body, the pivot rotates with the first body and drives the linkage to push the sliding member. In the meantime, the sliding member displaces to push the raised portion by the pushing portion, so that the baffle moves and exposes part of the opening.

Abstract: Arrangements described herein relate to molding of a display screen into a housing of an electronic device. Ad adhesive can be applied to a side of a plastic film to form an adhesion member. The adhesion member can be connected to the display screen, the adhesive bonding to the plastic film to a peripheral region of the display screen. The display screen with the connected adhesion member can be inserted into a housing mold. Plastic resin can be injected into the housing mold to form a housing of the electronic device, the plastic film bonding with the injected plastic resin to secure the display screen into the housing.

Abstract: A heat dissipation case is used to dissipate heat of electronic equipment and contains: a body. The body includes a receiving chamber for receiving electronic equipment and a dissipation groove defined thereon and corresponding to the receiving chamber, wherein the metal plate and the dissipating piece are stacked in the dissipation groove, and electronic equipment is received in the receiving chamber and contacts with the dissipating piece so as to dissipates heat of the electronic equipment. The metal plate has a peripheral side retained in the body. The peripheral side of the metal plate extends into the metal plate completely, and an area of the metal plate is larger than that of the dissipating piece.

Abstract: A laptop computer cooling stand includes a main body, a number of semiconductor chilling plates, a number of first heat sinks, and a number of second heat sinks. The main body includes a base and a cover. The base defines a receiving space. The cover covers the receiving space and defines a number of openings. The semiconductor chilling plates are set in the receiving space. The first heat sinks are set on the semiconductor chilling plates. The first heat sinks are exposed through the opening of the cover. The second heat sinks are attached to a bottom of the base. The second heat sinks make contact with heat-dissipating sides of the semiconductor chilling plates through the base. The first heat sinks make contact with heat-collecting sides of the semiconductor chilling plates.

Abstract: A thermostatic element contains: a metal cover, a sleeve, a filler, a partition disc, and a piston. The metal cover has a covering head, at least two tubular legs, and a connecting portion between the covering head and the at least two tubular legs. The sleeve has a central channel and a seat, and the filler is filled in the metal cover. The partition disc is applied for separating the sleeve from the filler, and the piston is fixed in the central channel and couples with the filler by using the partition disc. Furthermore, each tubular leg has a cavity, and the connecting portion has a common room communicating with the cavity of each tubular leg, such that the filler is filled in each cavity and the common room. Furthermore, between the at least two tubular legs is defined at least one passage for flowing fluid.

Abstract: A power supply device for a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger vehicle, truck or motorcycle, comprises one or more storage cell modules, each of which includes one or more electrochemical storage cells and/or double layer capacitors that are arranged next to and/or on top of one another. The device includes a cooler block having a holder for the storage cell modules and a heat dissipating structure for dissipating heat emitted by the storage cell modules. The heat dissipating structure is provided on at least one side of the holder. The cooler block includes a clamping device operatively configured to generate a predefined force by which the heat dissipating structure can be pressed against a respective storage cell module.

Abstract: A heat-dissipating mobile terminal includes a main body, a heat dissipating member positioned in the main body, and a back cover detachably connected to the main body. The main body includes a heat-producing element and the heat dissipating member includes a heat radiator arranged above the heat-producing element. The back cover defines a perforated portion above the heat dissipating member. The heat radiator is integrated with the main body. The heat radiator is exposed to external cooler air by the perforated portion in the back cover. The mobile terminal of the present disclosure effectively improves heat radiating efficiency and reduces cost.

Abstract: A ruggedized computer, having a thermally conductive metal case having an interior surface and a thermal mass made of thermally conductive metal, suspended from the interior surface of the metal case. Also, a slide plate is supported within the metal case and is in thermal contact to the thermal mass; and a delicate, heat-producing integrated circuit, having a planar surface, is supported in the computer, with the planar surface being in thermal contact to the slide plate. Finally, the slide plate is held in place by a resilient system that permits, but gently resists, movement perpendicular to the integrated circuit, which is thereby not damaged due to force applied from the thermal mass through the slide plate to the integrated circuit, but whereby the thermal mass enhances thermal stability of the integrated circuit.

Abstract: A flexible multilayer substrate includes a multilayer body including a plurality of laminated resin layers. The multilayer body includes an innermost surface, which is a surface on an inner side when the substrate is bent, and an outermost surface, which is a surface on an outer side when the substrate is bent. Each of the plurality of resin layers includes a skin layer on one surface. Lamination of the multilayer body includes a skin layer joint plane at one location at a central portion in the thickness direction, and the skin layer and other surface come in contact with each other at another location along the central portion in the thickness direction. A skin layer joint plane is arranged on a side closer to the innermost surface than a central plane in the thickness direction of the multilayer body.

Abstract: A low profile heat removal system suitable for removing excess heat generated by an integrated circuit operating in a compact computing environment is disclosed.

Abstract: A heat dissipation device for an electronic device includes a base, a plurality of fins and at least one heat pipe. The base has a front surface and a rear surface opposite to the front surface. A heat-generating component of the electronic device is disposed adjacent to the rear surface. The plurality of fins extend from the front surface of the base. The heat pipe is disposed on the front surface of the base and in a cutout portion of the plurality of fins. The heat dissipation device, which removes heat from the heat-generating component, has a low profile and improved heat dissipation capability.

Abstract: The various implementations described herein include systems, methods and/or devices used to manage heat flow for dissipating heat generated by electronic components in an electronic system (e.g., a memory system that includes closely spaced memory modules). In one embodiment, heat sinks are disposed on front sides of a first module and a second module in the electronic system, and at least one heat sink in the second module is disposed between at least two heat sinks in the first module. In some embodiments, the number of heat sinks and/or a subset of geometric parameters for the locations, sizes and shapes of the heat sinks are configured for the purpose of disturbing and mixing air flow that passes an air gap between the front sides of the first and second modules.

Abstract: A power semiconductor module includes: a circuit body having a power semiconductor element and a conductor member connected to the power semiconductor element; a case in which the circuit body is housed; and a connecting member which connects the circuit body and the case. The case includes: a first heat dissipating member and a second heat dissipating member which are disposed in opposed relation to each other while interposing the circuit body in between; a side wall which joins the first heat dissipating member and the second heat dissipating member; and an intermediate member which is formed on the periphery of the first heat dissipating member and connected to the side wall, the intermediate member including a curvature that is projected toward a housing space of the case.

Abstract: Ultra-capacitor structures and electronic systems and assemblies are provided. In one aspect, the ultra-capacitor structure is configured to selectively power and at least partially house electronic component(s) therein. In one embodiment, the ultra-capacitor structure includes a thermally conductive material facilitating dissipation of heat generated. In another embodiment, the ultra-capacitor structure includes an electrically conductive sheet facilitating electromagnetic shielding. In another aspect, an electronic system includes: an electronic device including electronic component(s); and a support structure physically receiving and electrically coupling to the electronic device, and including an ultra-capacitor structure configured to selectively power the electronic component(s) of the electronic device when electrically coupled to the support structure.

Abstract: The invention discloses a push pin and a graphics card with the push pin. The push pin comprises a rod, a head, an expansion lock and a first spring. The head is disposed at a first end of the rod and having a radial dimension larger than that of the rod. The expansion lock is disposed at a second end of the rod which is opposite to the first end and having a radial dimension larger than that of the rod, wherein the expansion lock is configured to be elastically contractible when entering a component to be installed in an installing direction, and wherein the installing direction is from the first end to the second end. The first spring made of a conducting material and configured to be installable onto the rod from the second end in a direction opposite to the installing direction.

Abstract: An electrical connection assembly includes a metal housing and an electrical module having a plurality of electrical components mounted on a component base. The base is supported on the housing. A socket conducts electrical current from a pin of a cable to the electrical components. A heat sink member conducts heat directly from the socket to the metal housing. An electrically insulating thermally conducting pad is positioned between the housing and an end of the heat sink member. A current sensor has a cylindrical body which surrounds a portion of the socket.

Abstract: A new mounting structure is provided in which, when a heat sink is mounted (fixed) on a circuit board using a spring member, an anchor for fixing the spring member is formed in a very small size in plan view. In the present invention, at least one anchor for mounting a heat sink body on a circuit board is set in a projected state on the heat sink body side and both ends of a spring member are each directly or indirectly attached to an anchor, whereby the heat sink body is mounted on the circuit board. In the anchor, a main body section projecting on the circuit board is formed in a substantially circular shape or a polygonal shape. When the spring member is attached to the anchor, the spring member is attached to an attaching section in an externally fit state.

Abstract: The computer having a module board with semiconductor elements mounted on both sides thereof, a motherboard on which a plurality of units of the module board are mounted, and a rack cabinet on which a plurality of units of the motherboard are mounted includes a thermo-siphon that is thermally connected to the semiconductor elements mounted on one side of the module board, a metal plate that is thermally connected to the semiconductor elements mounted on one side of the module board, a thermally-conductive member that transfers the heat of the metal plate to the thermo-siphon in a situation where the heat of the semiconductor elements mounted on one side of the module board is transferred to the metal plate, and a pressing member that presses the thermo-siphon and the metal plate against the semiconductor elements mounted on the module board.

Abstract: A shielding assembly is used to shield electronic element positioned on a motherboard of an electronic device. The shielding assembly includes a shielding frame fixed to a first surface of the motherboard, a heat dissipating module, and a shielding plate. The heat dissipating module is detachably assembled to the shielding frame. When the heat dissipating module is assembled to the shielding frame, the heat dissipating module and the shielding frame form a shielding space to receive the electronic element. The shielding plate is fixed to a second surface of the motherboard opposite to the shielding frame to completely shield the electronic element.

Abstract: An electronic device includes an opening in a cover, a sleeve extending from the opening to a circuit board, and a CPU assembly. The CPU assembly includes a CPU carrier and is insertable into the sleeve to connect the CPU carrier with a CPU connector upon the circuit board. A method of installing the CPU assembly into the electronic device includes inserting the CPU assembly into a an opening in a cover of the electronic device within a sleeve extending from the opening to a circuit board. A serviceable CPU assembly includes a CPU carrier thermally connected to an underside of a lower portion of a heat sink, a CPU assembly base including a plurality of guidance features to properly align CPU assembly during installation, and a handle assembly comprising at least one handle connected to an upper portion of the heat sink.

Abstract: In a package structure, a stiffener ring is over and bonded to a top surface of a first package component. A second package component is over and bonded to the top surface of the first package component, and is encircled by the stiffener ring. A metal lid is over and bonded to the stiffener ring. The metal lid has a through-opening.

Abstract: The described embodiment relates generally to the manufacture of display assemblies. More particularly the use of alternative back plates for a display assembly is discussed. By using a printed circuit board (PCB) in lieu of a metal backer heat can be evenly spread across the backer by applying a layer of copper configured to normalize a spread of heat across the printed circuit board. The configuration of the copper layer can be configured based on a tested or simulated heat map that accounts for proximate heat producing elements. The PCB can also advantageously act as an interconnection layer between other electrical components disposed within the electronic device.

Abstract: A coldplate for use with electronic components in an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid-electric vehicle (HEV). The coldplate includes a main portion having multiple raised features on a surface thereof. The raised features are configured for attaching the main portion to a printed circuit board having multiple electronic components attached thereto. The raised features are further configured for maintaining the printed circuit board in a spaced relation relative to the main portion to facilitate air flow between the printed circuit board and the main portion for dissipating heat generated by the plurality of electronic components. The coldplate also includes a protrusion extending from the surface of the main portion. The protrusion is configured for contacting one of the plurality of electronic components attached to the printed circuit board for dissipating heat generated by the electronic component.

Abstract: A system for cooling portable facilities which include heat generating electronics, interior fans, a heat sink integrally serving as part of a wall or ceiling, and an outer heat pipe assembly in thermal communication with the heat sink allowing for heat dissipation. External fans pull external air over the outer heat pipe assembly. A first transducer monitors inner air temperature within the portable building, a second transducer monitors the outer heat pipe assembly, and a third transducer is secured proximate to a fin side of the heat sink. A controller is connected to the transducers, fans, and power supply. Computer instructions monitor temperatures from the transducers, compare the temperatures to preset limits, and individually or simultaneously actuate, regulate, or turn off the fans when monitored temperatures meet or exceed preset limits.

Abstract: The present invention provides a display device comprising a display panel, a driving chip and a heatsink. The driving chip is used to drive the display panel. The heatsink is thermally connected with the driving chip to dissipate the heat generated by the driving chip. Through the said method, the display device according to the present invention is provided with the heatsink connected with the driving chip to dissipate the heat generated by the driving chip, which improves the stability and reliability of the driving chip.

Abstract: The electronic device includes a heat generator 54, a heat radiator 58, and a heat radiation material 56 disposed between the heat generator 54 and the heat radiator 58 and including a plurality of linear structures 12 of carbon atoms and a filling layer 14 formed of a thermoplastic resin and disposed between the plurality of linear structures 12.

Abstract: Mobile platforms and methods may provide for an integrated circuit such as a system on chip (SoC), a first heat spreader thermally coupled to the integrated circuit and a phase change material configuration thermally coupled to the first heat spreader. The integrated circuit may include logic to operate the integrated circuit in a performance burst mode according to a duty cycle, wherein the performance burst mode causes a phase change material to enter a liquid state within a graphite matrix of the phase change material configuration.

Abstract: An adjustable heat sink which allows factory, service, or customers to adjust the width of the heat sink to take advantage of some or all available unpopulated DIMM space to optimize cooling and performance. Such an adjustable heat sink addresses many of the limitations of other heat sinks and is advantageous for reducing part numbers within a platform and across platforms. Such an adjustable heat sink also simplifies field upgrades when either adding or removing populated DIMMs to an information handling system thus enhancing performance without a need to change CPU Heat sinks.

Abstract: Cooling apparatus and methods are provided for partial immersion-cooling of multiple electronic components. The cooling apparatus includes a housing at least partially surrounding and forming a compartment about the components, and a fluid disposed within the compartment. First and second electronic components are at least partially non-immersed within the fluid, with the first component being a different type of electronic component with different configuration than the second component. A vapor condenser is provided with a vapor-condensing surface disposed within the compartment for condensing fluid vapor, and a condensate redirect structure is disposed within the compartment between the vapor condenser and the first and second components. The redirect structure is differently configured over the first electronic component compared with over the second electronic component, and provides a different pattern of condensate drip over the first component compared with over the second component.

Abstract: A small form factor desktop computing device having a suitable internal cooling arrangement is disclosed. The device can be formed of a single piece seamless housing machined from a single billet of aluminum. The single piece seamless housing includes an aesthetically pleasing foot support having at least a portion formed of RF transparent material that provides easy user access to selected internal components as well as offers electromagnetic shielding. The device can also include a removable foot, a heat producing element, a fan, an air processing manifold having a plurality of angled fins, and a heat exchanger.

Abstract: A system, compressor, and method that cools an electronics module with a low-pressure refrigerant. The system, compressor, and method utilize a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of the low pressure refrigerant and communicates with the electronics module. Based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, the electronics module controls a liquid dry out point of the refrigerant that is used to cool the electronics module.

Abstract: An electronic control unit for a motor of an electric fan, has a support casing including a metal body adapted to act as a heat dissipator, a shell of an electrically insulating material coupled with the metal body, and a circuit board, mounted in contact with the dissipator body. The circuit board has a conductive connection member in the form of a flexible metal blade, electrically connected to the dissipator body, to provide an earth connection for the circuit board. The blade has a portion that projects beyond the edge of the board. The insulating shell has an internal formation which, upon coupling the shell with the dissipator body, interacts with the projecting portion of the blade, deforming it so as to bring it and thereafter maintain it in contact with the dissipator body in a resiliently loaded manner.

Abstract: A portable system that includes a portable housing having a section for reception of portable wireless computing devices such as tablets, and components to provide recharging capability and information to the portable wireless devices.

Abstract: An electronics enclosure is disclosed that provides passive cooling of electronic components while reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI) emissions. The electronics enclosure includes an electronics assembly with at least one electronic component and a heat sink coupled to the electronics assembly. The heat sink has a base portion configured to thermally couple to the at least one electronic component when the heat sink is coupled to the electronic assembly. The electronics enclosure also includes a conductive enclosure forming an enclosed volume around the electronics assembly. The enclosure has a first opening configured to fit around the heat sink and at least one second opening. All non-conductive passages from the volume to the external environment have at least one cross-sectional opening having a continuous conductive perimeter with a maximum linear length within the opening of less than one quarter wavelength of a determined maximum shielding frequency.

Abstract: A cooled electronic system and cooling method are provided, where an electronics board having a plurality of electronic components mounted to the board is cooled by an apparatus which includes an immersion-cooled electronic component section and a conduction-cooled electronic component section. The immersion-cooled section includes an enclosure at least partially surrounding and forming a compartment about multiple electronic components of the electronic components mounted to the electronics board, and a fluid disposed within the compartment. The multiple electronic components are, at least in part, immersed within the fluid to facilitate immersion-cooling of those components. The conduction-cooled electronic component section includes at least one electronic component of the electronic components mounted to the electronics board, and the at least one electronic component is indirectly liquid-cooled, at least in part, via conduction of heat from the at least one electronic component.

Abstract: A wearable portable electronic device includes at least one energy module which further included thermoelectric materials which may convert heat to electric power. A plurality of heat spreader thermally and electronically contact to at least one wall of an enclosure of the wearable portable electronic device by using graphene layer.

Abstract: A portable electronic device includes at least one energy module which further included thermoelectric materials which may convert heat to electric power. A plurality of heat removers selectively thermal contact to at least one wall of an enclosure of the portable electronic device depended on the configuration of the portable electronic device.

Abstract: A circuit board assembly including a heating device operated during cold boot startup includes a circuit board having a computer component. A thermal transfer device connected to the circuit board assembly acts when the computer component is operating to remove heat generated by the computer component. A heating device operates to heat the thermal transfer device. A field programmable gate array acts to energize the heating device when a temperature defining a cold startup condition at the computer component or the thermal transfer device is sensed. The thermal transfer device when heated by the heating device heats the computer component to greater than the temperature of the cold startup condition. A control device connected to the heating device provides an operational mode of the heating device.

Abstract: A thermal dissipator includes an elongated laminar thermal transfer member having opposite sides, opposite ends and a longitudinal axis extending between those ends. The member has a thermal conductivity along its axis and in a first plane extending between its sides that is substantially greater than the thermal conductivity of the member in a second plane transverse to the first plane. A transverse heat sink structure contacts at least one side of the thermal transfer member along the length thereof, and extends from the thermal transfer member in a direction parallel to the first plane. A compression device compresses the thermal transfer member and the heat sink structure together to establish intimate thermal contact therebetween. Solid state lighting apparatus incorporating the dissipator is also disclosed.

Abstract: A heat transfer device is described. In one or more implementations, a heat transfer device includes a heat sink and a thermal storage enclosure disposed proximal to at least a portion of the heat sink. The thermal storage enclosure configured to be disposed proximal to a heat-generating component of a device. The thermal storage enclosure includes a phase change material configured to have a melting temperature that is below a temperature at which a cooling fan of the device is set to operate to cool the heat-generating device.

Abstract: An air containment cooling system for containing and cooling air between two rows of equipment racks includes a canopy assembly configured to enclose a hot aisle defined by the two rows of equipment racks, and a cooling system embedded within the canopy assembly. The cooling system is configured to cool air disposed within the hot aisle. Other embodiments and methods for cooling are further disclosed.

Abstract: A notebook computer 1 is provided with: a casing in which a CPU is accommodated; a heat-dissipating component 37 having a plurality of fins; and a fan 31, and operates such that heat transferred from the CPU to the heat-dissipating component 37 is heat-exchanged with air supplied from the fan 31, and released to the exterior of the casing. The heat-dissipating component 37 is disposed at an air outlet 32b of the fan 31. An opening 35 is formed, between the air outlet 32b and a fan main unit 33, in a fan case 32. First shutter means 39 is provided on a discharge outlet surface of the heat-dissipating component 37. With this structure, increase in cost and weight can be restrained, and dust on the heat-dissipating component can be removed with a simplified structure.

Abstract: An electronic control device comprises a circuit board having a heat generating part mounted thereon; a case for installing therein the circuit board, the case having a heat receiving portion that is in contact with the heat generating part; at least two first fixing units that are constructed and arranged to fix a peripheral portion of the circuit board to the case; and at least one second fixing unit that is arranged to fix a given area of the circuit board to the case while pressing the given area against the heat receiving portion through the heat generating part, the given area being an area where the heat generating part is placed.

Abstract: A thermal connector for use with a printed circuit board assembly is disclosed. The thermal connector includes a top segment configured for thermal engagement with a heat source disposed on a top surface of a printed circuit board and for insertion through an opening of the printed circuit board to thermally engage the heat source. A middle segment of the thermal connector extends from the top segment and includes a flanged portion configured to engage a bottom surface of the printed circuit board when the top segment is inserted through the opening of the printed circuit board. A bottom segment of the thermal connector extends from the middle segment and is configured for thermal engagement to a heat dissipating element.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure may include methods and systems for cooling electronic components housed in a rack. An example system for cooling a rack may include a frame (100, 200a, 200b, 200c, 300a, 300b, 300c, 450, 452, 454) including a number of dividers (108-1, 208-1, 308-1, 408-1) internal to the rack that define a plurality of sections (104, 106, 112, 204, 206, 212, 304, 306, 312, 404-1, 404-2, 406-1, 406-2, 412-1, 412-2) within the rack.

Abstract: A heat dissipating assembly which releases heat produced by an electronic device comprising a heat dissipating device and a plurality of elastic fastening members. The heat dissipating assembly includes a base plate having a plurality of engaging holes formed thereon. Each elastic fastening member includes a connecting member and a spring. The connecting member has a head portion and a bolt body that extends therefrom. The bolt body has an outer thread formed on the surface thereof and is being insertable into the respective engaging hole. The spring includes a winding portion woundable around the outer periphery of the bolt body, a clutching portion outwardly extended and downwardly bent from the bottom end of the winding portion to the base surface of the base plate, and a fastening segment extending from the clutching portion back under the winding portion. The instant disclosure further provides an elastic fastening member.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus is provided which includes one or more coolant-cooled structures attached to one or more electronic components, one or more coolant conduits, and one or more coolant manifolds. The coolant-cooled structure(s) includes one or more coolant-carrying channels, and the coolant manifolds includes one or more rotatable manifold sections. One coolant conduit couples in fluid communication a respective rotatable manifold section and the coolant-carrying channel(s) of a respective coolant-cooled structure. The respective rotatable manifold section is rotatable relative to another portion of the coolant manifold to facilitate detaching of the coolant-cooled structure from its associated electronic component while maintaining the coolant-cooled structure in fluid communication with the respective rotatable manifold section through the one coolant conduit, which in one embodiment, is a substantially rigid coolant conduit.

Abstract: According to various aspects, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of thermal interface materials, electronic devices, and methods for establishing thermal joints between heat spreaders or lids and heat generating components using thermoplastic and/or self-healing thermal interface materials. In an exemplary embodiment, a thermal interface material has a softening or melting temperature above a normal operating temperature of the one or more heat generating components. The thermal interface material is flowable to a thin bond line between a heat spreader or lid and one or more heat generating components when heated to at least the softening or melting temperature while under pressure.

Abstract: An electronic device may have electrical components that generate heat. The components may be mounted on a printed circuit board having a peripheral edge with an edge surface. The edge surface may be coated with a layer of metal. Metal traces in the printed circuit board such as ground plane traces may be used to conduct heat from the electrical components to the layer of metal on the edge surface. The edge surface may be separated from an adjacent thermally conductive electronic device housing structure by an air gap. Thermally conductive elastomeric bumper structures may bridge the air gap between the edge surface of the printed circuit and the housing structure. The thermally conductive elastomeric bumper structures may conduct heat from the layer of metal on the edge surface to the housing structure and may serve as a cushioning interface between the printed circuit and the housing structure.