Abstract: A lens for distribution of light predominantly toward a preferential side from a light emitter having an emitter axis and defining an emitter plane. The lens has an emitter-adjacent base end forming an emitter-receiving opening to an emitter-surrounding cavity defined by an inner surface which includes a front sector centered on the preferential side and a back sector centered on the non-preferential side radially opposite the preferential side. The front and back sectors differ in their respective configurations for refracting light from the emitter. The lens further includes an primary back surface positioned to receive light from at least a portion of the inner-surface back sector and configured for total internal reflection (TIR) thereof. The inner-surface back sector and the primary back surface extend along substantially elliptical cross-sections in planes substantially parallel to the emitter plane.

Abstract: A lens for distributing light from a light emitter in a desired asymmetric illumination profile includes a lens body having an input side and an output side. The input side receives light from an emitter, and the output side includes a major total internal reflection surface and a refractive surface. A primary emission axis associated with the emitter is defined through the lens body, and a transverse reference plane is positioned parallel to the primary emission axis. A desired illumination region is located on a first side of the reference plane, and a desired dark region is located on a second side of the reference plane. In some embodiments, the total internal reflection surface is entirely positioned on the second side of the reference plane. In additional embodiments, the total internal reflection surface includes a plurality of substantially planar adjacent longitudinal faces.

Abstract: A light directing apparatus includes an optical substrate having a first side and a second side, a compound lens outer surface on a first portion of the first side of the optical substrate, the compound lens outer surface disposed in optical communication with the second side of the optical substrate, a first protrusion on a second portion of the first side of the optical substrate, the first protrusion disposed proximate the compound lens outer surface, and disposed in optical communication with the second side of the optical substrate, and a second protrusion on the second portion of the first side of the optical substrate, the second protrusion disposed proximate the first protrusion, and disposed in optical communication with the second side of the optical substrate.

Abstract: A lighting device has multiple light sources each having a primary optics; and a secondary optics for the multiple light sources; such that at the secondary optics the radiation patterns emitted from the multiple light sources have a substantially uniform luminance; and such that the secondary optics transforms the radiation pattern from the multiple light sources into an elliptical spot of light of substantially uniform luminance.

Abstract: A table lamp has a lamp stand, an adjusting arm, a lamp head and an anti-glare lens. The anti-glare lens is mounted on the lamp head and has a body. The body has a bottom, a light entering concave face, a light source region, a total reflection face and a light ejecting convex face. The bottom has a zero axis to divide the bottom equally. The light entering concave face is formed in the body. The light source region is formed in the body. The total reflection face is obliquely formed on and protrudes from the body and is formed with the bottom of the body. An angle between the zero axis and the total reflection face is between 90 and 180 degrees. The light ejecting convex face is formed on the body, is formed with the total reflection face and has at least one curvature.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a light control lens and a light source device using the same. The light control lens comprises a light emitting surface, a light incident surface, and a total internal reflection (TIR) inclined surface. The light incident surface and the TIR inclined surface are at the opposite side of the light emitting surface. The TIR inclined surface is at the peripheral side of the light incident surface. Between the TIR inclined surface and a plane perpendicular to an optical axis of the light control lens, there is an included angle ? of less than 45°. An effective radius of the light emitting surface is larger than the distance from an arbitrary point on the light emitting surface to a plane through an incident origin and perpendicular to the optical axis along the optical axis direction.

Abstract: An optical lens is adapted for used in a light source that has an optical axis, and includes a light-entering surface, a light-exiting surface, and a modified reflection surface. The light-entering surface has two first ends. The light-exiting surface defines a light-exiting surface profile that is concave toward the light source and that has two second ends. The modified reflection surface defines two modified reflection surface profiles. Each of the first ends is connected to a corresponding one of the second ends by a corresponding one of the modified reflection surface profiles. The modified reflection surface profiles are concave in the same direction as the light-exiting surface profile.

Abstract: The object of the invention is an optical module intended to equip a lighting and/or a signaling device for a motor vehicle, the said optical module comprising at least one reflector associated with at least one light source. The said optical module comprises at least one optical element disposed at the front of the light source and able to deviate rays directly emitted by the source and/or emitted by the source and then reflected by the reflector, the deviation of the rays comprising at least one step of total reflection of the said rays in the said optical element.

Abstract: In a light beam controlling member, a projecting section has a third surface between a first surface (incident surface) and a second surface (total reflection surface). The third surface is formed into an angled surface that is angled in relation to an optical axis, of which one end section joined with the first surface is positioned further to a light source side than another end section joined with the second surface. The overall light that has entered the third surface of each of a plurality of projecting sections is refracted by the third surface towards an exit surface side with positive power.

Abstract: A lens and a lighting fixture utilizing the same provides a plurality of LED light sources as a single light source with a simple configuration. The lens is used with a plurality of light sources in combination and can have a single focus. The lens can include a plurality of light incident portions each disposed so as to face each of the plurality of light sources, the plurality of light incident portions collimating light beams emitted from the plurality of light sources in parallel with a predetermined optical axis while guiding the light beams inside the lens. A light exiting portion can include a refracting surface disposed on optical paths of the collimated light beams guided from the plurality of the light incident portions into the inside of the lens, with the light exiting portions causing the collimated light beams to exit and be converged on the single focus. A lighting fixture can utilize the lens described herein.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp unit has a light emitting device disposed adjacent to a base point on an optical axis extending in a front-rear direction of a vehicle on which the vehicle lamp unit is mounted, and a transparent member disposed in front of the light emitting device. The light emitting device has a light emitting surface arranged to face forward. The transparent member is configured such that light emitted by the light emitting device enters the transparent member and is internally reflected by a front surface of the transparent member, and such that the light reflected by the front surface is internally reflected again by a rear surface of the transparent member and emitted from the front surface of the transparent member. The front surface has a flat surface facing obliquely upward.

Abstract: A light exit surface of an illuminating lens has a first light exit surface and a second light exit surface. The first light exit surface is recessed toward a point on the optical axis, and the second light exit surface extends outwardly from the periphery of the first light exit surface. The first light exit surface has a transmissive region and a total reflection region. When the position of a light source on the optical axis is defined as a starting point, the transmissive region transmits light that has been emitted from the starting point at a relatively small angle with respect to the optical axis, and the total reflection region totally reflects light that has been emitted from the starting point at a relatively large angle with respect to the optical axis.

Abstract: A vehicular lamp includes a light source disposed on an optical axis extending in a front-back direction of the vehicular lamp; and a reflector that reflects forward light from the light source. The reflector is formed by a translucent member including a plurality of optical elements disposed continuously in a radial direction of the optical axis. Each of the optical elements includes: a surface of incidence through which light from a light emission reference point in the light source is incident into the optical element and which refracts the light into a direction away from the optical axis, a reflective surface which internally reflects forward the light which is incident into the optical element through the surface of incidence, and a surface of emission through which the light internally reflected by the reflective surface is emitted forward from the optical element.

Abstract: An illuminating lens includes a main body and a ring portion. The main body has a light exit surface, and the light exit surface has a first light exit surface recessed toward a point on the optical axis and a second light exit surface extending outwardly from the periphery of the first light exit surface. The first light exit surface has a transmissive region in the center thereof, and a total reflection region on the peripheral side thereof. The ring portion has a back surface configured to guide the light that has been emitted from a light source, totally reflected repeatedly at the light exit surface, and then entered the ring portion to an end surface by total reflection.

Abstract: An exemplary lens includes a periphery acting as a light output surface of the lens, a light input surface surrounded by the light output surface, and a reflecting surface recessed downwardly towards the light input surface and surrounded by the light output surface. A top end of the reflecting surface connects with the light output surface. The reflecting surface extends downwardly and inwardly from top to bottom. Light emitted from the light source travels into the lens from the light input surface; a part of the light directly travels out the lens from the light output surface, and the other part of the light is arrived to the reflecting surface and reflected back to the lens by the reflecting surface and travels out the lens from the light output surface.

Abstract: A lens having a first surface (1) and a second surface (2). The first surface (1) and the second surface (2) are mirror symmetric to a first symmetric plane (A) passing through an optical axis (Y) of the lens and extend in a first direction (X) perpendicular to the optical axis (Y). The curve profiles of the first surface (1) and the second surface (2) on the cross sections perpendicular to the first direction (X) are configured in such a way that light emitting from a light source (3) arranged at a predetermined position of a second surface side is refracted by the first surface (1) and the second surface (2) to be emitted in a direction which is offset from the optical axis (Y) by more than a predetermined angle.

Abstract: A lens for covering a light source to diverge light from the light source includes a light incident surface covering the light source, a light outputting surface positioned at lateral sides of the light incident surface; and a light reflecting surface positioned away from the light incident surface and interconnecting the light outputting surface. A reflectivity of the light reflecting surface is greater than a transmissivity thereof. Part of the light striking to the light reflecting surface is reflected by the light reflecting surface and traveling out of the lens via the light outputting surface. The other part of the light strikes to the light reflecting surface traveling out of the lens via the light reflecting surface. The light traveling through the lens has a viewing angle greater than 180 degrees.

Abstract: A light exit surface of an illuminating lens has a first light exit surface and a second light exit surface. The first light exit surface is recessed toward a point on the optical axis, and the second light exit surface extends outwardly from the periphery of the first light exit surface. The first light exit surface has a transmissive region and a total reflection region. When the position of a light source on the optical axis is defined as a starting point, the transmissive region transmits light that has been emitted from the starting point at a relatively small angle with respect to the optical axis, and the total reflection region totally reflects light that has been emitted from the starting point at a relatively large angle with respect to the optical axis. A reflective layer is formed on a bottom surface that surrounds a light entrance surface and faces oppositely to the light exit surface.

Abstract: In some aspects, an optic is disclosed that includes a light input interface having a rippled surface that can mix the light incident thereon as the light propagates within the optic from the rippled surface to a peripheral surface of the optic, which is configured to redirect the light incident thereon to an output surface through which the light exits the optic.

Abstract: A highly efficient luminaire. The luminaire includes a light source that emits light. The emitted light is redirected by a light transformer having a curved circular reflective interior surface, the reflective interior surface reflecting the light in a predetermined pattern. A substantial amount of light being may be reflected close to an axis coincident with a radial line defining a radius of the circular reflective interior surface. Additionally, a substantial amount of light may be reflected in a pattern with low divergency or parallel with an axis of the light transformer. The light is transmitted to the exterior of the luminaire by an optical window.

Abstract: A method for providing an optical element may include providing an optical feature in the optical element that spreads or distributes light passing through the optical element. The method may also include providing a texturing in at least a portion of the optical feature of the optical element.

Abstract: An LED package includes an LED light source and an optical lens located over the LED light source. The optical lens includes a top surface, a light reflective lateral surface and a bottom surface receiving the LED light source therein. The top surface includes a reflection surface located in the middle of the top surface and a refraction surface surrounding the reflection surface. The top surface receives light emitted from the LED light source, and the light striking the reflection surface is firstly reflected towards the lateral surface by the reflection surface, secondly reflected towards the refraction surface by the lateral surface, and finally refracted out of the optical lens by the refraction surface.

Abstract: An illumination system (10) for spot illumination comprising a tubular reflector (2) with a reflective inner surface, the tubular reflector (2) having an entrance aperture (7) and an exit aperture (8) being larger than the entrance aperture (7); a light-source array (1) comprising a plurality of light-sources (13a-c; 30a-d, 31a-d, 32a-d) arranged to emit light into the tubular reflector (2) at the entrance aperture thereof; and a light-diffusing optical member (9) arranged to diffuse light emitted by the illumination system (10). The light-diffusing member (9) is configured to exhibit an increasing diffusing capability with increasing distance from an optic axis (12) of the illumination system.

Abstract: An optical element is assembled to a light emitting diode (LED) to form an illuminative light source. The optical element includes a transparent main body having a light guiding pillar and an extending part. The light guiding pillar has a top surface and a bottom surface having a recess. The extending part is extended from the circumference of the top surface and an end of the extending part has at least a light-emitting surface. Wherein the LED is disposed on the recess and emits light to the optical element. The extending part guides the light and enlarges the light-emitting angle.

Abstract: A lens for distribution of light from a light emitter having an axis, the lens including a (1) base forming a substantially rectangular opening to an emitter cavity defined by an inner surface, (2) a main output surface transverse the axis, (3) a reflecting surface is positioned to reflect light received from the inner surface toward the main output surface, the reflecting surface including front and back curvatures and a pair of substantially-identical lateral curvatures each adjoining the front and back curvatures. Configuration of the lateral curvatures differs from configurations of the front and back curvatures, which differ from one another.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary optical lens for a light emitting diode (“LED”) light projector, comprising at least one lens unit, wherein the lens unit consists of a refraction portion in the centre and a total internal reflection portion on the outer ring; the central refraction portion has a convex surface on the bottom and is attached with a plurality of micro lenses; the bottom attached with a micro lens array; the total internal reflection portion on the outer ring of the lens unit comprises a cylindrical light incident surface with a slight draft angle, and a total internal reflection surface on the outer side, which adopts a diamondoid polyhedral flake design; and the top of the lens unit is a smooth plane surface used as the light emitting surface.

Abstract: A lens for a primarily-elongate distribution of light from a light emitter having an axis with a lens base being substantially normal to the axis. The lens includes a substantially-rectangular emitter opening to a cavity defined by a refracting inner surface. The lens further includes a refracting main output surface transverse the axis and a reflecting surface extending from the lens base away from the axis outwardly of and around the inner surface. The reflecting surface receives substantially all forward and rearward light and a portion of lateral light refracted by the inner surface for total internal reflection (TIR) toward the main output surface which refracts such light into the elongate distribution. The lens is configured such that the other portion of the lateral light exits the lens away from the axis for wide-angle distribution along the elongate distribution.

Abstract: A lens member of obtaining light-collecting properties even if using a light source with a large light-emitting surface area has a first lens portion refracting light to exit outward in radial directions perpendicular to a central axis of the lens member and a second lens portion totally internally reflecting the light that exited through the first lens portion. The first lens portion has a light incident surface disposed to face a light source and a conical light exit surface centered at the central axis of the lens member and slanted so that the distance between the conical surface and the light incident surface increases as the distance from the central axis increases outward in the radial directions perpendicular to the central axis. The second lens portion has an inner circumferential surface receiving light from the first lens portion and an outer circumferential surface positioned outward of the inner circumferential surface in the radial directions perpendicular to the central axis.

Abstract: The instant invention teaches a compact collection lens with finite conjugates for use in coupling the collected energy from a broadband source into a multi-mode fiber. The lens is reflective in nature and provides finite conjugate imaging in one piece. The entrance and exit surfaces are made concentric with the object and image so that on-axis imaging is completely free of chromatic aberrations. The primary is nominally elliptical and is the only surface with optical power in the lens. The secondary is planar and serves to fold the progressing rays back in the original direction. In summary, the invention comprises a monolithic lens composed of four optical surfaces (two reflective and two transmissive) such that the primary and secondary mirrors are annular and the entrance and exit surfaces are predominantly spherical with their centers located at the front and back focal points.

Abstract: An adapter (1) with at least one electronic component (2) for mounting in a hole (3) extending through or partly through a composite board (4), which includes at least two layers (5) of electrically conducting material that are separated by at least one insulator (6) of electrically insulating material, the adapter (1) including one or more legs (7) adapted for by mounting in the hole (2) to establish electric connection with a first layer (8), and where the at least one component (2) is fitted on a metal item (9) which has a contact surface, and that the contact surface is in electrically and thermally conducting connecting with a contact surface on a second layer (10) when the adapter (1) is mounted in the hole (3).

Abstract: The present invention discloses a uniform light emitting lamp structure including a lamp holder, an electric connection portion and a planar portion disposed on both end surfaces of the lamp holder respectively, and the planar portion includes a circuit board electrically coupled to the electric connection portion. The lamp structure further includes an LED light source, a lamp cover and a light guide column with a refractive index n1. After the light of the LED light source is projected from an environmental medium with a refractive index n2 to the light guide column, a portion of the light is reflected from the critical plane in a direction corresponding to the lamp holder through reflections and refractions, such that the light of the LED light source is projected in the environmental medium to achieve the uniform light emitting effect.

Abstract: A vehicle lighting unit serving as a vehicle headlight can form a light distribution pattern optimized according to the country or the area with a smaller number of parts when compared with the conventional vehicle headlights of this type. Further, there can be provided a light guide lens for use in such a vehicle lighting unit.

Abstract: A luminaire with an LED based illumination device having at least one LED includes a transmissive lens element that in combination with reflector is able to generate an output beam with a sharply defined large angle intensity profile. The reflector element is mounted to the LED based illumination device. The transmissive lens element includes first and second interior surfaces and third and fourth exterior surfaces. A portion of light emitted from the LED passes through the first interior surface and the third exterior surface and refracts towards an optical axis of the LED based illumination device, and the reflector element without interacting with the reflector element. Another portion of light emitted from the LED passes through the second interior surface and fourth exterior surface and refracts away from the optical axis to be reflected by the reflector element.

Abstract: A lens structure, a light source device, and a light source module are provided. The light source device includes a light emitting device and a lens structure. The light emitting device is capable of emitting a light beam. The lens structure includes a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface and four total internal reflection surfaces connected to the second surface. Some of the total internal reflection surfaces connect to the first surface. The first surface has a recess. The light emitting device is disposed at the recess. The second surface is a free-form surface. The light beam is capable of entering the lens structure through the first surface, and leaving the lens structure through the second surface.

Abstract: A lens member includes at least one of the annular prisms including a facet at an edge between an inner annular surface and an outer surface of the at least one of the annular prisms. The prisms with facets may be provided at a central portion of the lens member and the facets are configured to refract light toward a light-exit side of the lens member.

Abstract: A lens for uniform illumination for a light source includes a light guide body and a reflector. The light guide body includes a side surface, an incident surface and an emitting surface opposite to the incident surface, a trough next to the incident surface having a first wall, and a tapered space next to the emitting surface having a second wall. When the light source emits light, the light is refracted from a first wall of the trough to a second wall of the tapered space. The light is totally reflected by the second wall, travels to the side surface, and is reflected by the reflector over the second wall, then refracted at the second wall to pass through the light guide body. Therefore, the light from the light source is spread out effectively and the luminous efficiency of the light source is enhanced.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus to produce a plurality of virtual light sources and at least partially collimate light. In one aspect, a manifold to collimate light can produce a plurality of virtual light sources used to inject light into a light guide for illuminating a display. The manifold can be formed of optically transmissive material and can have a backside for receiving light from a light source and a front wall, opposite the backside, for outputting light. The front wall can include first and second output portions separated by a non-light emitting area, each of the output portions providing a separate virtual light source. The upper, bottom, and side walls of the manifold can extend along a curve from the backside to the front wall and can be configured to collimate light propagating in directions extending out of the plane of the light guide.

Abstract: An optical element is disclosed. The optical element includes a single, transparent, rotationally-symmetric lens with a batwing shaped cross-section, extending angularly away from a longitudinal axis. The lens also includes a variety of curved, straight, specular and optionally diffuse portions on its longitudinal and transverse faces, all of which cause a variety of internal and external reflections, refractions, and optionally scattering.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) unit having a lens producing parallel light beams is disclosed. The LED unit comprises an LED; and a lens comprising a light incident face facing the LED, a light emergent face away from the LED, and a light reflecting face between the light incident face and the light emergent face; the light incident face comprises a first light incident face over the LED, and a second light incident face encircling the LED; and the light emergent face comprises a first light emergent face corresponding to the first light incident face, and a second light emergent face corresponding to the second light incident face, wherein the first light emergent face, relative to the first light incident face, is lower than the second light emergent face.

Abstract: There is provided a lighting device, comprising at least one light emitter, at least one reflector and at least one sensor. The sensor is positioned within a region which receives direct light from the light emitter when the light emitter is emitting light. In some embodiments, the light emitter comprises one or more light emitting diode. In some embodiments, the sensor is positioned between the light emitter and a power supply. In some embodiments, the reflector comprises at least one opening, and light emitted by the light emitter passes through the opening to the sensor. In some embodiments, the sensor is sensitive to only some wavelengths of visible light. Some embodiments are back-reflecting lamps, and some are forward-reflecting lamps.

Abstract: A lamp includes a single emitter structure having a substrate with 25 or more light emitting diodes (LEDs) arranged thereon and a power rating of 80 Watts or more, a total internal reflection (TIR) lens with a plurality of refractive surface regions disposed on the step-shaped upper surface of the optical body, and a holder having a plurality of tabs disposed along an inside rim of the holder and configured for radial compression fit with a flange of the lens, and three or more support members configured for centering the optical body member with respect to the single emitter structure. A low weight ratio of hardener over base resin below 6 is used, for example, between 1.5:1 to 2.5:1.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is characterized by providing an optical transfer function between a predetermined illuminated surface pattern, such as a street light pattern, and a predetermined energy distribution pattern of a light source, such as that from an LED. A lens is formed having a shape defined by the optical transfer function. The optical transfer function is derived by generating an energy distribution pattern using the predetermined energy distribution pattern of the light source. Then the projection of the energy distribution pattern onto the illuminated surface is generated. The projection is then compared to the predetermined illuminated surface pattern to determine if it acceptably matches. The process continues reiteratively until an acceptable match is achieved.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus, a method of manufacture of the same and a heat sink apparatus for use in said illumination apparatus in which an array of optical elements directs light from an array of light emitting elements through a heat dissipating structure to achieve a thin and efficient light source that provides directional illumination with efficient dissipation of generated heat into the illuminated environment.

Abstract: Provided is a specially designed high efficiency optic utilizing Total Internal Reflection (TIR) that collimates light from a typical LED or similar light source. In certain example embodiments the light emitted from a single TIR optic is directed into any of a plurality of interchangeable high-efficiency reflectors that further direct and shape the light beam according to the interaction between the TIR optic and the geometries of the various reflectors. These features work together to efficiently provide a high-quality, substantially-collimated, narrow light beam with high luminous intensity, minimal glare and little to no striations, excellent color rendering, and symmetrical, smooth transitions from beam center to outer edge.

Abstract: A side illumination lens for a LED is disclosed. One of the embodiments includes a bottom cavity, an incident surface, four total internal reflective surfaces, and a side refractive surface. Light beam emitted by the LED enters the lens through the incident surface. A first portion of the light beam is reflected by the total internal reflection surfaces to the refractive surface and emits out of the lens. The second portion of light beam enters the lens and exits from the refractive surface. A second one of the embodiments is to roughen the side refractive surface for diffusing the exit light beams so that a broader area can be illuminated softly.

Abstract: The signal light of mirror type consists of a light source (1), a primary optical component (2), a secondary optical component (3), a tertiary optical component (4), one or more internal glasses (5), a cover glass (6) and an optical filter (7), characterized in that the light put out by the light source (1) is focused by the primary optical component (2) on the secondary optical component (3), and scattering elements, which are on the primary optical component (2) or on the secondary optical component (3) or on the primary optical component (2) and the secondary optical component (3), after passing through the optical filter (7) are projected onto the tertiary optical component (4), while the tertiary optical component (4) is formed by one or more smooth surfaces of a mirror type, and the image of the scattering elements is further distributed by the tertiary optical component (4) and passes through the one or more internal glasses (5) and the cover glass (6).

Abstract: A lighting unit is provided. The lighting unit includes a light source and an optical element. The light source provides a major light beam and a minor light beam. The optical element includes a first light entering surface, a second light entering surface, a light distributing surface, a light emitting surface and a normal line, wherein the normal line is perpendicular to the light emitting surface, and the second light entering surface is a scattering surface, and the major light beam enters the optical element through the first light entering surface, and is emitted from the light emitting surface, and the minor light beam enters the optical element through the second light entering surface, is reflected by the light distributing surface, and is emitted from the light emitting surface.

Abstract: A double reflecting structure may include a first reflecting portion reflecting light that may be emitted from a light source, and a second reflecting portion formed on one side of the first reflecting portion to reflect again the light that may be reflected by the first reflecting portion.

Abstract: An optical lens having an optical axis includes a main body. The main body includes a light-incident part, a first light-emitting part and a second light-emitting part. The light-incident part includes a bottom surface and a reflecting surface. The bottom surface has a recess. The reflecting surface is physically connected to the bottom surface and the distance located between the reflecting surface and the optical axis is increased when the reflecting surface is gradually close to the bottom surface. The first light emitting-part is physically connected to the reflecting surface and has a top surface. The top surface is gradually close to the bottom surface when the top surface is close to the optical axis. The second light-emitting surface is physically connected to the top surface and substantially located above the recess.

Abstract: An optical assembly includes a light source and an optical element. The light source generates light where the color of the light varies based on the direction the light is emitted from the light source. The optical element is positioned transverse to the optical axis and is configured to mix the light. The color of the light mixed by the optical element is substantially independent of the direction at which the light emanates from the optical element.