Abstract: A high voltage power supply is provided. The high voltage power supply includes an inverter which converts a DC voltage input to the high voltage power supply into a first AC voltage, a transformer including an input winding unit and a plurality of output winding units, wherein the input winding unit receives the first AC voltage from the inverter and the plurality of output winding units generates and outputs a second AC voltage, and a voltage multiplier unit which boosts the second AC voltage output by the transformer and outputs a boosted voltage, and the voltage multiplier unit includes a plurality of voltage multipliers which are connected to each other in series and the plurality of voltage multipliers may be connected to the plurality of output winding units respectively.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a semiconductor switch includes a voltage generator, a driver, a switch section, and a power supply controller. The voltage generator is configured to generate a first potential and a negative second potential. The first potential is higher than a power supply voltage supplied to a power supply terminal. The driver is connected to an output of the voltage generator and is configured to output the first potential in response to input of high level and to output the second potential in response to input of low level. The switch section is configured to switch connection between terminals in response to an output of the driver. The power supply controller is configured to control the output of the voltage generator.

Abstract: A direct current (DC) to DC converter, including: input ports for receiving an input DC voltage; output ports for outputting an output DC voltage; a first matrix of capacitors and switches; a second matrix of capacitors and switches; and a control circuit, coupled to the switches of the first and second matrices, configure d to repetitively: (i) configure the first matrix to a charge configuration and couple the first matrix to the input ports while configuring the second matrix to a discharge configuration and coupling the second matrix to the output ports; (ii) maintain the charge and discharge configurations for a first period of time; (iii) configure the second matrix to the charge configuration and couple the second matrix to the input ports while configuring the first matrix to the discharge configuration and couple the first matrix to the output ports; and (iv) maintain the charge and discharge configurations for a second period of time; (a) wherein the charge configuration and the discharge configurat

Abstract: An charging device includes: capacitors connected in series; a charging unit that charges the capacitors; bypass units, each respectively connects in parallel to each capacitors, wherein each bypass unit causes, when a charged voltage of any capacitor has reached a set voltage, a charging current to bypass the capacitor whose charged voltage has reached the set voltage; and a control unit that controls the charging unit to charge the capacitors in such a manner that, when a charging voltage of the any capacitor has reached the set voltage, the control unit causes the charging unit to reduce the charging current, and if a predetermined period has elapsed since the charging voltage has reached the set voltage, and if a charging voltage of any of the other capacitors has not reached the set voltage after the predetermined period, the control unit causes the charging unit to increase the charging current.

Abstract: In a torque motor driving device for wire cut electrical discharge machines, a voltage waveform rectified by a full-wave rectifying circuit, not using a high-capacitance electrolytic capacitor, is applied as an AC voltage to a single-phase torque motor by a bridge circuit including semiconductor switches. A PWM signal whose duty is adjusted so that the current flowing through the torque motor matches an instructed value is generated and the generated PWM signal is used for the operation of the bridge circuit.

Abstract: Provided is a charge pump circuit which is preferably used for reducing noise generated when electric charges are accumulated in a capacitor of the charge pump circuit. A load driving system 1 includes a charge pump circuit 2, a clock generation circuit 4, an amplifier circuit 6, and a load 8. The charge pump circuit 2 includes capacitors C1 and C2, a transistor PTr3 which is a P-channel MOS transistor and controls current supply to the C1, switching elements SW1 to SW3, and a supply current control circuit 20. The charge pump circuit 2 switches the SW1 to SW3, to thereby perform the accumulation of electric charges to the C1 and the transfer of the accumulated electric charges to the C2 for generating a negative power source. The supply current control circuit 20 includes a transistor PTr4, a switching element SW4, and a transistor NTr6 which forms a current mirror with a transistor NTr5 which constitutes an output stage of the amplifier circuit 6.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a charge redistribution DAC with an on-chip reservoir capacitor to provide charges to the DAC in lieu of traditional external reference voltages. The DAC may include the on-chip reservoir capacitor having a first plate and a second plate, an array of DAC capacitors to generate a DAC output, and an array of switches controlled by a DAC input word to couple the DAC capacitors to the reservoir capacitor. The charge redistribution DAC may further comprise a first switch connecting the first plate to an external terminal for a first external reference voltage, and a second switch connecting the second plate to an external terminal for a second external reference voltage. One embodiment may provide an ADC that includes the charge redistribution DAC.

Abstract: A power supply apparatus and a method for supplying power are provided. The apparatus, for use in a system having a first power signal, includes an assistance unit and a power supply device. The assistance unit outputs at least one maintaining signal according to the first power signal selectively. The power supply device outputs a second power signal, wherein the power supply device maintains the second power signal according to the at least one maintaining signal, for example, in an inactive state, such as an idle or standby state or other suitable timing.

Abstract: A voltage conversion device capable of enhancing conversion efficiency includes a charge pump for generating output voltage linear to input voltage according to the input voltage, a feedback unit for generating a feedback signal according to the output voltage generated by the charge pump, and a regulating unit for outputting and adjusting the input voltage according to the feedback signal provided by the feedback unit, so as to keep the output voltage unchanged.

Abstract: A multi-stage charge pump selects the number of active stages dynamically. In the exemplary embodiment, this is done by having a multi-stage master charge pump section in which the number of active stages is settable and a slave charge pump section that is of the same design as the master section. The master section is used to drive the external load, while the slave section drives an adjustable internal load. The adjustable internal load is set by control logic by comparing the operation of the two sections. The control logic then operates the slave section with a different number of active stages than the master stage in order to determine whether the master stage is using the optimal number of active stages. The control logic can then change the number of active stages accordingly.

Abstract: A booster circuit has: a charge pump configured to perform a booster operation that boosts a voltage supplied from an external power source and outputs the boosted voltage as an output voltage through an output capacitor; and a feedback circuit section configured to control the booster operation depending on the output voltage. A mode of the booster operation includes: a charge mode that charges the output capacitor with the voltage supplied from the external power source; and a discharge mode that discharges the output capacitor. The mode of the booster operation is switched between the charge mode and the discharge mode depending on the output voltage. The feedback circuit section has a booster operation control section that secures a period during which the mode is not switched between the charge mode and the discharge mode in accordance with an external synchronizing signal.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for a single stage hybrid charge pump. A switch module is connected to ground. An inductance module is connected between a DC voltage source and the switch module. A first capacitance module is connected to the switch and to the inductance module. A first current blocking module is connected between the DC voltage source the first capacitance module. A second capacitance module is connected to ground. A second current blocking module is connected to a node between the first capacitance module and the first current blocking module and is also connected to the second current blocking module. The switch module is operated to switch between an open state and a closed state thereby causing a voltage across the second current blocking module to increase until it is limited by a voltage limiting module.

Abstract: A high voltage power supply includes a frequency signal generation unit, a voltage generation unit, and a voltage amplifying unit. The frequency signal generation unit generates a frequency signal. The voltage generation unit generates an input voltage according to the frequency signal generated by the frequency signal generation unit. The voltage amplifying unit amplifies and outputs the input voltage by rectifying and smoothing the input voltage a plurality of times. A voltage output by the voltage amplifying unit is changed by changing a frequency of the frequency signal.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present invention provide a system that efficiently converts between a lower input voltage and a higher output voltage. This system includes an input which receives the input voltage, and an output which provides the output voltage. The system also includes a first capacitor with a higher potential terminal and a lower potential terminal, as well as a first set of switching devices which selectively couple the higher potential and lower potential terminals of the first capacitor between the input voltage, the output voltage and a base voltage. The system additionally includes a resonant clocking circuit which generates clock signals with substantially non-overlapping clock phases, including a first phase and a second phase.

Abstract: A mode determination apparatus in a semiconductor apparatus includes a first condition detection block configured to generate a first condition signal in response to a clock enable signal activated when the semiconductor apparatus enters a dynamic voltage scaling mode, a second condition detection block configured to generate a second condition signal in response to an external high voltage in the dynamic voltage scaling mode, the external high voltage having a voltage level in the dynamic voltage scaling mode different from a voltage level in a normal mode, and a signal processing block configured to generate a dynamic voltage scaling mode signal in response to the first condition signal and the second condition signal.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a semiconductor switch includes a voltage generator, a driver, a switch section, and a power supply controller. The voltage generator is configured to generate a first potential and a negative second potential. The first potential is higher than a power supply voltage supplied to a power supply terminal. The driver is connected to an output of the voltage generator and includes a first level shifter and a second level shifter. The first level shifter is configured to output the first potential in response to input of high level and to output low level in response to input of low level. The second level shifter is configured to output the first potential in response to input of the first potential an output of the first level shifter and to output the second potential in response to input of low level of the output of the first level shifter. The switch section is configured to switch connection between terminals in response to an output of the driver.

Abstract: There is provided a high voltage power supply capable of reducing voltage stress of a voltage multiplying device. The high voltage power supply includes: a power converter switching on/off and converting an input direct current power into a direct current power having a preset voltage level; and a voltage multiplier including a first multiplying cell multiplying the voltage level of the direct current power from the power converter, wherein the first multiplying cell includes: first and second capacitors charging the direct current power from the power converter, respectively; a first diode providing a path for transferring the direct current power when the power converter is switched off; and a second diode providing a path for transferring the direct current power when the power converter is switched on.

Abstract: A charge circuit for providing a gate driver supply voltage for a gate driver of a switching power supply in accordance with an embodiment of the present application includes a first voltage source providing a first voltage and a charge pump circuit connected to the first voltage source and operable to be turned ON and OFF to improve efficiency such that an increased output voltage of the charge circuit is provided when the charge pump circuit is ON, and wherein the output voltage is the gate driver supply voltage.

Abstract: A power supply circuit system includes a ring oscillator provided with a variable resistance circuit, a charge pump circuit outputting a boosted voltage in response to an oscillation output signal from the ring oscillator, a voltage regulator circuit adjusting the boosted voltage from the charge pump circuit, a first current comparator circuit comparing a first current flowing through the voltage regulator circuit with a first reference current, a second current comparator circuit comparing the first current with a second reference current, and a control circuit outputting control signals to control a resistance value of the variable resistance circuit in accordance with a first comparison signal from the first current comparator circuit and a second comparison signal from the second current comparator circuit.

Abstract: An on-chip voltage conversion apparatus for integrated circuits includes a first capacitor; a first NFET device configured to selectively couple a first electrode of the first capacitor to a low side voltage rail of a first voltage domain; a first PFET device configured to selectively couple the first electrode of the first capacitor to a high side voltage rail of the first voltage domain; a second NFET device configured to selectively couple a second electrode of the first capacitor to a low side voltage rail of a second voltage domain, wherein the low side voltage rail of the second voltage domain corresponds to the high side voltage rail of the first voltage domain; and a second PFET device configured to selectively couple the second electrode of the first capacitor to a high side voltage rail of the second voltage domain.

Abstract: A power supply of personal computers equipped with a modular conversion circuit comprises a main circuit board, a conversion module board, a first conversion circuit and a first module slot located on the main circuit board, and a second conversion circuit and a second module slot located on the conversion module board. The first conversion circuit converts an input power to generate at least one output power. The first module slot outputs the output power. The second conversion circuit converts the output power and generates at least one conversion power. The second module slot outputs the conversion power to allow at least one external element to respectively electrically connect to the first module slot and the second module slot according to power requirement.

Abstract: A supercapacitors voltage balancing device (2) to be connected to a supercapacitor module (1) having N individual supercapacitors (10) connected in series, for optimizing the voltage of the individual supercapacitors in the module.

Abstract: A DC-DC converter circuit includes a boosting circuit having at least part of a DC-DC converter; a control signal circuit that controls the boosting circuit; and a power supply unit being electrically connected to both of the boosting circuit and the control signal circuit and supplying at least the control signal circuit with electric power. The DC-DC converter includes a plurality of capacitors and switching units enabling each of the plurality of capacitors to be electrically independent, and the control signal circuit transmits a signal to the switching units when the DC-DC converter is not operating in intermittent operation thereof, the signal indicating each of the plurality of capacitors being made to be electrically independent.

Abstract: A booster device for increasing a voltage at a voltage supply point of a power supply circuit for supplying a driving voltage to an electronic control circuit is provided. The power supply circuit includes a series-connected circuit having a diode, a resistor, and a capacitor which is connected to a DC power supply. One end of the capacitor is connected to a ground and a connection point of the resistor and the capacitor serves as the voltage supply point. The booster device includes a clamp circuit, an oscillation circuit, and a booster circuit that increase a voltage output from the DC power supply. When the voltage at the voltage supply point falls below a predetermined threshold voltage, the booster device supplies the increased voltage at the voltage supply point.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a voltage regulator including an high side switching transistor and a low side switching transistor. An high side drive controls operation of the high side switching transistor. A low side driver controls operation of the low side switching transistor. A bootstrap capacitor provides an operating voltage to the high side switching driver. The bootstrap capacitor is charged to a predetermined level responsive to a supply voltage. A low side driver drives the low side switching transistor according to a process that charges the bootstrap capacitor to the predetermined level. The process turns on the low side switching transistor for a first predetermined number of cycles and turns off the low side switching transistor for a second predetermined number of cycles. The process is repeated for a predetermined number of times during startup of the voltage regulator when a prebias load is applied to the voltage regulator.

Abstract: A swing width control circuit and a high voltage pumping circuit using the same are disclosed. The swing width control circuit includes a swing width controller for receiving a first pumping signal having a first swing width and generating a second pumping signal having a second swing width larger than the first swing width of the first pumping signal, in accordance with a level of a supply voltage to pump or precharge a voltage of a specific node, and a swing width holding device for maintaining a swing width of the specific node to be equal to the second swing width of the second pumping signal.

Abstract: A distributed charge pump system uses a delay element and frequency dividers to generate out of phase pump clock signals that drive different charge pumps, to offset peak current clock edges for each charge pump and thereby reduce overall peak power. Clock signal division and phase offset may be extended to multiple levels for further smoothing of the pump clock signal transitions. A dual frequency divider may be used which receives the clock signal and its complement, and generates two divided signals that are 90° out of phase. In an illustrative embodiment the clock generator comprises a variable-frequency clock source, and a voltage regulator senses an output voltage of the charge pumps, generates a reference voltage based on a currently selected frequency of the variable-frequency clock source, and temporarily disables the charge pumps (by turning off local pump clocks) when the output voltage is greater than the reference voltage.

Abstract: This document discusses, among other things, a charge pump having a plurality of switching devices, coupled in parallel, and configured to selectively provide a variable available drive current for a capacitor using a comparison of an output voltage to at least one reference voltage.

Abstract: A CMOS charge pump with improved latch-up immunity is provided. The CMOS charge pump includes a blocking transistor that disconnects first and second boost nodes from a bulk node in response to a blocking control signal, such that a bulk voltage can be maintained at a predetermined level or higher. The CMOS charge pump in a power-up period first precharges the bulk voltage before the main pump performs a boosting operation and prevents a latch-up phenomenon.

Abstract: A charge pump circuit is provided that has a controllable ramp rate. The charge pump circuit may receive a control signal from a control circuit. The control signal may be asserted by the control circuit to turn on the charge pump circuit. When the charge pump circuit is turned on, the charge pump circuit produces an output voltage. The output voltage ramps up from an initial value to a desired target value. During the ramp up process, a ramp rate regulation circuit monitors the output voltage and ensures that the ramp rate does not exceed a desired maximum value. A capacitor may be charged at a desired ramp rate to use as a time-varying reference voltage. A feedback circuit may be used to maintain the output voltage at the desired target value once the ramp-up process is complete.

Abstract: A voltage conversion device capable of enhancing conversion efficiency includes a charge pump for generating output voltage linear to input voltage according to the input voltage, a feedback unit for generating a feedback signal according to the output voltage generated by the charge pump, and a regulating unit for outputting and adjusting the input voltage according to the feedback signal provided by the feedback unit, so as to keep the output voltage unchanged.

Abstract: A high voltage power supply may include a switching unit, a voltage resonant unit, a connection part, a rectifier unit, a voltage amplifying unit, a voltage output unit, and a frequency control unit. The switching unit is driven per a frequency signal. The voltage resonant unit is connected to the switching unit and includes an inductor, to which a voltage is applied, and a capacitor. The connection part connects the switching unit and the inductor. The rectifier unit includes a diode that is connected to a power-supply voltage side of the inductor via a capacitor. The voltage output unit outputs a voltage obtained from the voltage amplifying unit. Moreover, the frequency control unit controls a frequency of the frequency signal per a control signal used to set a voltage output from the voltage output unit and an output signal output from the voltage output unit.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine controller comprises a booster coil connected to a battery and a booster capacitor. A switch element is connected to the booster coil to control the passage of current through the booster coil and an interruption of the current. The booster capacitor accumulates electrical energy generated with an inductance of the booster coil at the time of the interruption of the passage of the current. A booster control circuit carries out control in a constant boost switching cycle so as to pass the current through the booster coil and the switch element until the current reaches a preset switching stop threshold value and then interrupt the current to charge the energy generated with the inductance of the booster coil into the booster capacitor. The booster control circuit is configured to ensure a minimum time period for the booster capacitor-charging of the energy within the boost switching cycle.

Abstract: A dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is selectively operable in a sleep mode and another mode. The DRAM has data storage cells that are refreshed in the refresh mode. A boosted voltage is provided for the operation of the DRAM. A boosted voltage provider includes a group of charge pump circuits that are selectively activated by a pump control circuit based on a refresh time for refreshing data in the DRAM cells in the sleep mode.

Abstract: This invention discloses a voltage boost circuit which comprise at least one capacitor with a first terminal connected to an output of the voltage boost circuit, a controllable switch connected between a second terminal of the capacitor and a voltage source, the second terminal being different from the first terminal, and a voltage level detector detecting the output voltage level of the voltage boost circuit and providing a control signal to the controllable switch, wherein when the output voltage exceeds a predetermined level the controllable switch is off, and when the output voltage is lower than the predetermined level the controllable switch is on.

Abstract: A pump system that can dynamically increase its current capability includes: a pump circuit, for producing an output voltage; an oscillator, for driving the pump circuit to pump at a particular frequency according to a pump enable signal; a limiter, coupled to both the oscillator and the output voltage fed back from the pump circuit, for generating the pump enable signal to the oscillator according to the output voltage feedback signal; and an edge timer, coupled to both the oscillator and the pump enable signal, for driving the oscillator to operate at an increased frequency according to a threshold parameter of the pump enable signal.

Abstract: A DC blocking capacitor and a resistor are coupled in series, and coupled in parallel with an electricity storing section. An ON/OFF circuit and a peak voltage holding circuit are coupled in parallel with the resistor. A current sensing section is coupled in series with the storing section, with its output supplied to the peak current holding circuit. Current from a positive to a negative electrode of the storing section is referred to as a positive direction. The ON/OFF circuit is turned on when the current flows in a negative direction, and is turned off when the current flows in the positive direction. An internal resistor of the storing section is found based on a peak voltage and a peak current resulting from the control and held by the respective circuits. A degree of degradation of the electricity storing section is determined with this internal resistor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system comprising a high-voltage capacitive device and a power circuit electrically coupled to the capacitive device, wherein the power circuit is configured for stepping up a lower DC source voltage to a higher DC output voltage, wherein the source voltage is less than about 5 V, and wherein the output voltage is at least about 1.25 kV, and wherein the power circuit comprises a magnetic component and a switching component for charging and discharging the magnetic component, wherein the switching component has a high resistance of at least about 5 ohms.

Abstract: A convertible charge-pump circuit includes: a charging circuit having a plurality of charging capacitors and a pumping circuit having an output port coupled to a pumping capacitor. The charging circuit is configured for charging the charging capacitors to store a plurality of potential differences, respectively, when the convertible charge-pump circuit is in a charging phase. The pumping circuit is configured for selecting at least one charging capacitor from the charging capacitors charged in the charging phase to generate an output voltage level at the output port according to a potential difference stored in the selected charging capacitor when the convertible charge-pump circuit is in a pumping phase.

Abstract: This invention provides a power supply comprising a mother board, a first socket, and a DC-DC converter module. The mother board comprises a transformer operative for transforming an input power into a first AC output power and a filter operative for receiving the first AC output power and filtering the first AC output power into a first DC output power. The first socket is mounted on the mother board and electrically coupled to a circuitry of the mother board by way of at least one conductor terminal operative for providing the first DC output power. The DC-DC converter module mounted on a printed circuit board electrically coupled to the mother board comprises a DC-DC converter operative for receiving the first DC output power and converting the first DC output power into a second DC output power and a third DC output power and a second socket operative for providing the second DC output power and the third DC output power by means of a conductive path of the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A charge pump has circuitry and implements a method for monitoring a synchronous load by using a first voltage threshold below a target output voltage and a second voltage threshold above a target output voltage. An output terminal is coupled to the load. Charge is demanded by clocking the load. When the target output voltage passes below the first voltage threshold, a first value representing a present size of a charging capacitance is stored as a stored first value, and a second stored value representing a needed changed size of the charging capacitance is used. The present size of the charging capacitance is changed in response to the passing of the target output voltage below the first voltage threshold. When demand for charge from the load is reduced, a present value is saved and a prior value is restored to change the size of the charging capacitance.

Abstract: A high voltage generator includes: a detection unit for comparing a reference voltage with a high voltage and detecting a voltage level of the high voltage; an oscillator selection unit for generating a first control signal and a second control signal in response to an output signal of the detection unit and a selection signal corresponding to a data operation mode; an oscillator for generating clock signals having different frequencies in response to the first control signal and the second control signal; and a pumping unit for generating the high voltage by performing a charge pumping operation in response to the clock signals.

Abstract: A chip-on-glass (COG) display driver comprises a direct current to direct current converter (DC-DC) converter that uses “off-glass” and/or “off-chip” inductive/capacitive (LC) components. The DC-DC converter can be configured to use either an internal or external switch (such as a power FET) in response to a mode signal. Selection of an internal or external mode allows a single converter chip design to be optimized for various applications.

Abstract: A boost device boosts an input voltage to an output voltage across an output capacitor, and includes an output diode coupled to the output capacitor, and a transformer coupled to a first switch, a clamp circuit and a boost circuit. The clamp circuit is coupled across a first winding of the transformer, and includes a clamp capacitor coupled in series to a second switch. The output capacitor is capable of being charged through the output diode with an induced voltage across a second winding of the transformer. The boost circuit is capable of being charged with the induced voltage across the second winding, and of charging the output capacitor so as to boost the output voltage across the output capacitor.

Abstract: Provided are an internal supply voltage generator capable of reducing latch-up and a semiconductor device having the same. The internal supply voltage generator generates at least one internal supply voltage, and includes a first booster circuit that generates a first voltage from a first reference voltage and an input voltage and outputs the first voltage via a first output terminal, a second booster circuit that generates a third voltage from a second voltage and the first voltage and outputs the third voltage via a second output terminal, and at least one switch that is disposed to correspond to at least one of the first output terminal and the second output terminal and adjusts at least one of the first voltage and the third voltage.

Abstract: A DC-DC converter includes a charge pump unit and a clock pulse generator unit. The charge pump unit precharges a boost node in response to a precharge clock pulse and boosts the boost node to a boosted voltage in response to a pump clock pulse. The clock pulse generator unit generates the precharge clock pulse and the pump clock pulse in which corresponding pulse widths increase during multiple time intervals over time.

Abstract: A negative voltage supply device includes a negative voltage detector and a negative voltage pumping unit. The negative voltage pumping unit pumps a negative voltage in response to a detection signal. The negative voltage detector detects a level of a negative voltage by using a first element and a second element, which are different in the degree of change in their respective resistance values depending on the temperature, and outputs the detection signal. The detection signal informs the negative voltage pumping unit that pumping of the negative voltage is no longer needed.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for controlling power factor correction (PFC) in mixed operation modes, a frequency of the input voltage is obtained by detecting the zero crossing points of the input voltage. A peak of the input voltage is obtained by detecting input voltage with 90 degree phase. Thus, the present invention predicts the input voltage by its frequency and peak and the characteristic of the sine wave. A digital signal processor computes the duty and frequency of a boost switch, switching the operation mode of the boost converter among continuous mode, critical mode and discontinuous mode according to input voltage or the load. According to another aspect, the operation is switched to critical mode from the average current mode when a zero current is detected before the charging and recharging cycle of the boost switch is finished. Overcurrent protection may be achieved by controlling current in response to detected voltage to provide a substantially constant power level.

Abstract: A device and method for harvesting, generating, storing, and delivering energy to a load, particularly for remote or inaccessible applications. The device preferably comprises one or more energy sources, at least one supercapacitor, at least one rechargeable battery, and a controller. The charging of the energy storage devices and the delivery of power to the load is preferably dynamically varied to maximize efficiency. A low power consumption charge pump circuit is preferably employed to collect power from low power energy sources while also enabling the delivery of higher voltage power to the load. The charging voltage is preferably programmable, enabling one device to be used for a wide range of specific applications.

Abstract: A charge pump circuit for generating an output voltage is described. The charge pump includes multiple output generation stages connected in series and a corresponding set of multiple gate stages connected in series, where the output stages have the same structure as the corresponding gate stages. The switches that the provide the output of each output generation stage are controlled by the corresponding gate stage. The number of output stages that are active in boosting the voltage self-adapts according to the output level being regulated, with the later stages changing from a boosting operation to a filtering function with not being used to active boost the output.