Abstract: In a method for cooling a process gas with a cooling gas being admixed into the process gas, wherein one or more streams of the cooling gas are injected into one or more streams of the process gas and the streams of the obtained gas mixture being brought into a spiral movement in a cylindrical mixing chamber with a central distribution chamber and being further provided with a number of spiral blades mounted on the distribution chamber and having perforations, so that each stream of the gas mixture periodically is divided into a number of substreams with a radial flow direction through the perforations of the blades towards the distribution chamber and into a number of substreams with a tangential flow directions along the blades towards the distribution chamber, andthe substreams are recombined in the distribution chamber.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for producing high quality closed cell foams for use in applications such as coatings, sealant beads, seam filling and gaskets. An in-line single pass static mixing device containing a very large number of individual mixing elements is used to homogeneously disperse a gas throughout a highly viscous liquid polymeric material such as a plastisol, silicone, butyl or urethane based material.

Abstract: Water conditioning apparatus including a housing adapted for connection into a fluid delivery system, the housing having a fluid flow chamber with aligned entrance and exit openings, the chamber having an inner generally tubular surface with inwardly directed spirally oriented flow control ribs and a unitary member coaxially arranged therein, the member having an axial length less than the length of the inner chamber. The chamber includes at least one water return scoop in the form of an annular V-shaped groove formed within the chamber about the exit opening. The surface of the unitary member is configured with undulate fin sections, with the fin sections cooperating with the spirally oriented ribs to promote turbulence of the fluid passing therethrough. The water return scoop further assists in the process by causing about one third of all water passing through the chamber to feed back into the chamber for greater turbulence.

Abstract: The static mixing element in a flow channel (7) has at least two deflectors (30) disposed on mountings (20) at a distance from the channel wall. The deflectors form an angle W of from 10.degree. to 45.degree. to the main flow direction Z. They have different orientations and the projection FZ of the deflectors in the main flow direction amounts to from 5% to 50% of the channel cross-section F. Cross-flows providing very efficient transverse mixing are therefore produced in a simple manner. When dispensing tubes (20, 21) are used as mountings a very effective mixing device is provided.

Abstract: A flotation device includes an injector having a flow channel with a variable cross sectional area with respect to the direction of fluid flow through the injector. The injector introduces a mixture of gas and liquid into the device. The injector flow channel has repeated narrowings and widenings in the direction of fluid flow through the injector.

Abstract: An improved multi-component mixing and dispensing apparatus having a replaceable nozzle associated therewith in which plural components are mixed before dispensing thereof. The apparatus includes improved component feed systems to maintain each component to be mixed and dispensed in a segregated condition until mixing is desired, such that the apparatus is especially suitable for the mixing and dispensing of chemically reactive components. The component feed systems include internal passages within the apparatus and is selectively actuated valve which is operable to allow flow of a component to an outlet port formed in the apparatus. A mixing and dispensing nozzle may be coupled into the apparatus so as to communicate with the outlet ports of the component feed systems, wherein improved mixing of the plural components is achieved within the nozzle assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for the microbubble flotation separation of very fine and coarse particles, especially coal, and minerals so as to produce high purity and high recovery efficiency. This is accomplished through the use of a flotation column, microbubbles, recycling of the flotation pulp, and countercurrent wash water to gently wash the froth. Also disclosed are unique processes and apparatus for generating microbubbles for flotation in a highly efficient and inexpensive manner using either a porous tube or in-line static generators.

Abstract: A motionless mixer tube for mounting on the end of a discharge nozzle of a dispensing device for mixing and dispensing extremely small volumes of a pair of liquid materials, such as chemical reacting resins. The mixer tube has an elongated housing with a female luer lock at one end for mounting the tube on the dispensing device, and a male luer lock on the other end for easily mounting a dispensing needle on the outlet end of the housing. A helical motionless mixer element is mounted in a bore of the tube housing and extends from immediately adjacent the outlet end of an inlet socket of the female luer lock to immediately adjacent the outlet end of a discharge nozzle of the male luer lock. The dispensing needle is mounted immediately adjacent the outlet end of the discharge nozzle and mixer element. This arrangement avoids dead spaces within the mixer tube to prevent the formation of disruptive air bubbles therein and enables secure and rapid attachments at both ends of the tube.

Abstract: An apparatus for mixing pulp and fluid includes a housing with a center line an inlet and outlet for the pulp; an inlet for the supply of fluid and two walls are arranged in the housing and have opposite sides which between them define a gap-shaped surface through which the pulp will flow and has inlet and outlet openings communicating with the pulp inlet and outlet respectively; the walls are arranged concentrically in the housing and are non-rotatable with opposite sides thereof being arranged to extend around the central line of the housing, spaced therefrom, the gap-shaped space thus acquiring the shape of a concentric annular gap; the annular gap has an extension in excess of 20 mm in the main flow direction of the medium flowing through it; there is a distribution chamber communicating with and arranged axially upstream of the annular gap in order to distribute the pulp uniformly around the entire concentric inlet opening of the annular gap.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and apparatus for mixing oxidizable reactants with oxidant and/or oxidizing oxidizable reactants. Through using particular mixing and/or oxidizing arrangements, the risk of flammable or explosive reactions can be significantly reduced or prevented. When ammonia is used as the reactant, nitric acid can be obtained.

Abstract: The injection of a second gas, in a flow of a first gas which flows in a portion of a main channel, is carried out by an ejection head which is coaxial with respect to the axis of the channel portion and causes a deflection, typically by radial vanes, of the second gas in at least two flows which are directed substantially radially towards the outside, with a tangential component. Application for example to the over-oxygenation of air in processes of oxidation in gas phase.

Abstract: This invention relates to apparatus for producing and delivering a rapidly setting composition and method of delivering a rapid setting cementitious grout. The rapidly setting composition comprises a first interactive component and a second interactive component. The first component comprises a retarded cementitious grout and the second is a gelling agent therefor, the rate of addition of the gelling agent being selected so as to control the rate of set of the deliverable composition. The particular apparatus includes means for supplying the gelling agent through an auxiliary pipeline to the main supply pipeline and means for monitoring the flow rate of the first component through the main supply line, means for monitoring the flow rate of the gelling agent through the auxiliary supply line, and means for adjusting the flow rate of the gelling agent to reduce difference between the monitored value and a reference value.

Abstract: A primary-secondary circuit hydraulic interface is disclosed for use in chilled water and hot water systems in which a suction manifold header is used to tie in the secondary return water, the primary supply water, and the suction side of the primary and secondary pumps. The hydraulic interface is installed within the suction manifold at the location where the secondary return water enters the suction manifold. The hydraulic interface allows the bypass water (which is excess primary supply water) and the secondary return water to easily enter the hydraulic interface into a downstream portion of the manifold through large openings and forces the two streams of water to collide together, thereby ensuring a turbulent mixing to take place. The hydraulic interface forces the mixed water to exit the hydraulic interface through much smaller openings into a downstream portion of the manifold, thereby ensuring that the bypass water and secondary return water are thoroughly blended together as they exit.

Abstract: A heat exchanger comprising an outer tube, one or more inner tubes disposed with interstice within said outer tube, and a spiral element extending longitudinally within said inner tube(s). The spiral element is made up of a plurality of unit elements connected together with a connection angle of 0.degree.. Each of the unit elements has a twist angle of 180.degree., with the direction of twist being reversed from one to a neighboring unit element. Channeling phenomenon is effectively avoided. Heat exchange medium with Rheynolds number Re>10.sup.4 is suitable.

Abstract: An improved multi-component mixing and dispensing apparatus having a replaceable nozzle associated therewith in which plural components are mixed before dispensing thereof. The apparatus includes improved component feed systems to maintain each component to be mixed and dispensed in a segregated condition until mixing is desired, such that the apparatus is especially suitable for the mixing and dispensing of chemically reactive components. The component feed systems include internal passages within the apparatus and is selectively actuated valve which is operable to allow flow of a component to an outlet port formed in the apparatus. A mixing and dispensing nozzle may be coupled into the apparatus so as to communicate with the outlet ports of the component feed systems, wherein improved mixing of the plural components is achieved within the nozzle assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a homogeneous material from a mixture of a plurality of reactive components is disclosed. Included is an injector having first and second spaced apart end portions. The injector defines a plurality of cylindrical passages each having a predetermined length and a predetermined cross sectional area. The passages have an inlet at the first end portion and an outlet at the second end portion. Each of the reactive components is delivered at a pressure within a predetermined pressure range to the injector. The reactive components are adapted to pass through the passages, exiting the injector at respective flow velocities. A mixing tube having a first end portion, a second end portions, and a middle portion of a predetermined length is also included. The middle portion is located between the first and second end portion. The second end portion of the injector is in communication with the first end portion of the mixing tube.

Abstract: An improved high yield apparatus for producing sodium hydrosulfite is disclosed wherein sodium borohydride, sulfur dioxide, sodium hydroxide and sodium bisulfite are reacted. Improved results are obtained according to the invention by a novel feed system that requires the introduction of a first reaction mixture comprising sodium borohydride, sodium hydroxide and water (i.e., BOROL) into a process flow stream upstream from, i.e. prior to, the introduction of a second reaction comprising either (1) water and sulfur dioxide (first embodiment) or (2) sodium bisulfite and sulfur dioxide (second embodiment).The best results are realized by combining the just described novel feed arrangement with a system where intimate mixing of both the first reaction mixture and the seocnd reaction mixture and the flow stream.

Abstract: A hydraulic jet flash mixer in a system for treating waste water jets a secondary flow of water through a high-velocity nozzle towards a deflector assembly. In one embodiment, the deflector assembly is formed by a tip and a body, and the tip is spaced from, but spring biased toward, the body. The space between the tip and body acts as a nozzle for radially injecting a coagulant fed to the body by a pressurized supply line. In another embodiment, the deflector assembly is one piece, and the supply line is inside of and extends through the high-velocity nozzle such that coagulant is injected from a point between the nozzle and the deflector assembly.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for the microbubble flotation separation of very fine and coarse particles, especially coal and minerals, so as to produce high purity and high recovery efficiency. This is accomplished through the use of a flotation column, microbubbles, recycling of the flotation pulp, and countercurrent wash water to gently wash the froth. Also disclosed are unique processes and apparatus for generating microbubbles for flotation in a highly efficient and inexpensive manner using either a porous tube or in-line static generators.

Abstract: The invention relates to the alternate high-molecular arrangements manufactured through apparatus wherein the layers of at least two component high-molecular fluids are formed into layers and so combined with another high-molecular fluid that the former's layers intersect the latter's and the combined flow of the layers is divided into a number of layers.In accordance with the invention, islands in alternate high-molecular arrangements can be increased to a high ratio easily and economically.

Abstract: The interzone mixing device of the present invention is positioned in a multi-zoned vessel for flow of fluid generally vertically therethrough. The interzone mixing device includes a horizontally disposed first plate that has a central opening in it and a cylindrical cap extending upwardly from the first plate and sized and positioned to cover the central opening therein. The cap has a plurality of angular slots in the side wall to direct the flow of fluid passing therethrough in a swirling direction toward the central opening in the first plate. The interzone mixing device also includes a horizontally disposed second plate which has a plurality of openings in an annular ring around the periphery of the second plate. Additionally, a horizontally disposed circular table is positioned on the second plate and is aligned with the central opening in the first plate.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for treating effluents is disclosed for selective solids control and/or dewatering of effluents, for example drilling fluids (or mud), slurries or sludges, or other clean up involving solids removal from a hydraulic system where flocculation would be employed. The apparatus is compact and portable for ease of on-site delivery and hookup and includes a plurality of mixers for mixing polymer materials with water and/or the effluent, a plurality of pumps for controlling the flow of effluents, water and mixed liquids, and a plurality of conveniently located valves and pump controls for control of the various functions of the apparatus from a centrally located control panel. An improved mixing device is provided for blending of shear-sensitive fluids which includes multi-port injection sites and a series of geometrical flow altering elements.

Abstract: A fill pack for heat and mass transfer in counter-flow, in particular for the cooling of water in cooling towers by air, is provided. The fill pack includes a plurality of vertically or obliquely positioned corrugated or folded sheets or plates which are superposed and joined to each other in such a manner that the corrugations or folds of adjoining sheets cross each other only in the upper part of the fill pack, while the corrugations or folds of adjoining sheets are generally parallel to each other in the lower part of the fill pack.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of hydrogen peroxide by the anthraquinone process. A reaction mixture into which there are fed hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas and a working solution, i.e. an anthraquinone derivative in an organic solvent, is circulated via a tubular static mixing zone (9) which is continuous or comprises several parts, in order to hydrogenate the anthraquinone derivative in the presence of a solid catalyst, and by removing hydrogenated working solution (13) and gas (11) from the circulating reaction mixture (8). According to the invention, the reaction mixture (14) is circulated (8) via a catalyst-coated static mixing zone (9), where it is simultaneously both mixed and catalyzed.

Abstract: An improved static mixer for use in a plural component dispensing apparatus is disclosed having a spacer intermediate a plurality of mixing elements to enhance the mixing and blending of the plural components. The static mixer may employ an air assist to increase the mixing energy within static mixer.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed which are used to mix two fluids, two gases, or a fluid and a gas. The preferred embodiment is useful primarily for the aeration of water but can be used to mix any gas with a liquid. The method involves creating relative movement between an elongate element and a fluid whereby a low-pressure area will be developed on the lee side of the element. The gas is then admitted to the low-pressure area and bubbles are formed. The element is preferably pointed to form a tine, and the bubbles are moved along the tine by a component of the relative motion toward the tip. When the bubble reaches the tip it will be detached and entrained in the fluid. When a plurality of tines is used, significant air induction capacities are observed. one embodiment employs tines mounted to a rotating body and other embodiments use arrays of parallel tines mounted to fixed structures and immersed in a stream of fluid.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a centrifugal contactor for solvent extraction systems. The centrifugal contactor is provided with an annular vertically oriented mixing chamber between the rotor housing and the rotor for mixing process liquids such as the aqueous and organic phases of the solvent extraction process used for nuclear fuel reprocessing. A set of stationary helically disposed vanes carried by the housing is in the lower region of the mixing chamber at a location below the process-liquid inlets for the purpose of urging the liquids in an upward direction toward the inlets and enhancing the mixing of the liquids and mass transfer between the liquids. The upper region of the mixing vessel above the inlets for the process liquids is also provided with a set helically disposed vanes carried by the housing for urging the process liquids in a downward direction when the liquid flow rates through the inlets are relatively high and the liquids contact the vane set in the upper region.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises two containers, which are adapted to be connected to a vacuum pump. The upper container contains a rotationally symmetrical guiding body. A distributing space is defined by the shell of the upper container and the closed peripheral surface of the guiding body and extends from the cover of the upper container to pipe lengths, which terminate at their lower end over cups arranged in the lower container. As a result, the apparatus permits an economical making of molds in series and meets the requirements arising in practice regarding the batchwise processing of batches in quantities which vary within an extremely wide range.

Abstract: A static material-mixing apparatus is disclosed. The static material-mixing apparatus comprises a conduit having an axis and defining a chamber extending longitudinally therethrough opening on first and second ends of the conduit and a mixing element including two continuous segments in the chamber between the first and second ends, each having a generally sinuous cross-section between the first and second ends, the segments being disposed in radially spaced relationship with each other.

Abstract: A bubble generator for producing cellular concrete which comprises an interchangeable housing containing a plurality of particles. The housing is releasably connected to a first and second retaining means at its respective first and second ends for retaining the particles in the housing. The particles contained in the housing can be the same or different in size, substantially spherical or nodular in shape, and about 100 to 6000 in number. The device generates uniform and strong bubbles of frother solution for cellular concrete.

Abstract: The element is disposed in a vessel receiving a fluid flow. The vessel wall is porous at least for a proportion of the fluid and bounds an inner chamber communicating through the vessel wall with a chamber outside the vessel. The element is in the shape of a plate or tube and is so devised that the porous wall either on its own or in combination with other similarly shaped elements to form a module, forms a turbulence generator particularly in the form of a static mixer for the fluid flow. The resulting turbulence on the wall of the elements ensures that the wall remains porous.

Abstract: Diclosed are a fluid mixing element in which at least one helical shaft provided with at least one helical groove on an outer peripheral wall thereof throughtout its length is inserted in a cylindrical passage tube provided with at least one helical groove on an inner peripheral wall thereof throughout its length.According to the mixing element of the present invention, the fluid supplied into the mixing element flows partly along the helical groove formed in the passage tube and partly along the helical groove formed on the helical shaft to produce the turbulent mixing of the fluid in the mixing element. When the fluid flows through the helical grooves formed in the passage tube and on the helical shaft of the mixing element, the phase transfer is also carried out at planes perpendicular to the flow direction by inertia of the fluid. Accordingly, the fluid in contact with the helical grooves and the fluid out of contact therewith are replaced with each other in series.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatus for effecting a selected pattern of fluid flow wherein a first fluid is caused to flow along the surface of a body and a second fluid is caused to flow out of a plurality of holes in the surface of the body. The holes are arranged in a pattern so that the flow of the second fluid creates a baffle to change the direction of flow of the first fluid. The pattern is a grouping of holes wherein the grouping may be a straight line or a helix around a tubular body. The holes are rectangular in cross-section to form a fan-shaped pattern in the fluid passing through the holes. The longitudinal axis of each hole does not intersect the center of adjacent holes.

Abstract: An apparatus for blending particulate materials comprising means defining an upper chamber for holding a supply of material to be blended, the material holding means having at least one wall, the wall of the material holding means having at least two outlet ports spaced vertically and about a perimeter of the material holding means for reeiving therethrough particulate material from the upper chamber by gravity flow, means defining a lower chamber for blending particulate material, the material blending means having at least one wall, the wall of the material blending means having at least two inlet ports, means intercommunicating each of the outlet ports with one of the inlet ports for guiding material from the upper chamber to the lower chamber, flow diverting means disposed in the lower chamber, the flow diverting means having means positioned to intercept the flow of material through each of the inlet ports for dividing the flow of material into separate streams, each of the material flow intercepting mea

Abstract: The invention relates to motionless mixers and baffles thereof and includes a baffle having a pair of substantially symmetric opposing major surfaces generally helically twisted along a central longitudinal axis of the baffle and a first pair of substantially planar surfaces connecting the pair of major surfaces at one end of the baffle, one of the first pair of planar surface extending both substantially transversely and substantially parallel to the central longitudinal axis. The intersection of the first planar surface and one of the major surfaces forms an edge at the one end of the baffle. Such geometry enables a plurality of the baffles to be formed as a single insert unit by conventional injection molding techniques using only a pair of mold halves. The major surfaces are concave in cross-section normal to the longitudinal axis to form with a housing a pair of passages of generally ovoid (or elliptical) cross-section.

Abstract: The invention relates to motionless mixers and baffles thereof and includes a baffle having a pair of substantially symmetric opposing major surfaces generally helically twisted along a central longitudinal axis of the baffle and a first substantially planar surface connecting the pair of major surfaces at one end of the baffle, the first planar surface extending both substantially transversely and substntially parallel to the central longitudinal axis. The intersection of the first planar surface and one of the major surfaces forms a knife-like edge at the one end of the baffle. Similar additional knife-like edges can be provided, a second knife-like edge on the one end of the baffle radially disposed on opposite sides of each of a pair of axes through a central longitudinal axis of the baffle to form leading edges of the baffle and a like pair of knife-like trailing edges on an opposite end of the baffle.

Abstract: A flow splitting junction of a pipeline network for a two-phase fluid is internally fitted with a static mixer, a multi-duct stratifier and a divider wall. The turbulent fluid exhausted from the mixer is separated by the stratifier into two separated sets of alternating laminarly flowing strata to be discharged to opposite sides of the divider wall as two separate fluid streams of the same gas-liquid ratio which are conducted into separate downstream branches of the junction.

Abstract: A device for mixing at least two materials as they are discharged to pass through a flexible mixing tube to a nozzle characterized by an arrangement to move or shake the tube to change the configuration of the tube as the material passes therethrough. Preferably, the tube includes a mixing element which is loosely received therein and moved independently within the tube to cause a stirring of the material as it is moving along the tube.

Abstract: In a method of mixing two or more gas flows, the gas flows are passed through an array of at least three parallel adjacent guide conduits so as to emerge from said conduits into a mixing zone as a corresponding array of parallel adjacent streams flowing in the same direction. The gas flows are distributed alternatingly in said conduits so that each said stream has, as each of its neighbors, a gas stream from a different said gas flow. To improve mixing and shorten the required length of the mixing zone, the streams derived from the respective gas flows have different velocities at their emergence from the guide conduits into the mixing zone.

Abstract: A portable dispensing mixer for intermixing and dispensing two contiguous streams of material in a preset volumetric ratio. The dispensing mixer includes a syringe with two compartments, discharge assembly for discharging material from the syringe and a nozzle assembly for dispensing the discharged material from a common nozzle. The nozzle assembly comprises a common nozzle, a static mixing element with an arm extending from one end and a head. The head has an end stop for stopping rotation of the arm. The mixing element is caused to rotate by the ingress of material fed through the nozzle until the arm hits the end stop.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating fluids flowing at high velocity, for mass and heat transfer, for gas-liquid contacting and for contaminant particulate, mist or fume separation, including a plurality of perforated or unperforated cylinders arrayed staggered in rows perpendicular to the direction of flow of the fluid. The elements are spatially separated from each other. Diagonal by-pass flow through the array is blocked by a partition extending from each element generally parallel to the direction of flow of fluid bisecting the space between a pair of elements of an adjacent row with the elements of the pair symmetrically spaced with respect to the partition.Also, a method of removing contaminants from gas by passing the gas through this array between and injecting a liquid into the array. Capture of the contaminants by the drops is effected because of the difference in acceleration of each as the contaminated gas passes in and out of the gap between each cylinder and its adjacent partitions.

Abstract: There is provided a mixer for continuously mixing fluids together.The mixer comprises a hollow cylindrical body having an enlarged diameter central portion and inlet and outlet ports at the opposite ends of the body; an impinging disc vertically disposed in the enlarged diameter central portion within the body and having a peripheral projection which defines an annular clearance between the outer surface of the projection and the inner surface of the enlarged diameter central portion of the body.

Abstract: A gas injector element for use in a mixing apparatus having a plurality of mixing elements, where the injector element is airfoil-shaped and is installed adjacent to the first of the plurality of mixing elements. The airfoil-shaped injector is fabricated from a metal or other suitable material having a porosity within a range of 0.5 to 100 or more microns, such that fluid injected into the mixing conduit through the injector will be released from the injector and will immediately contact material flowing through the conduit without the undesirable result of bubbles of the fluid or gas flowing from the injector coalescing with larger bubbles resulting in ineffective mixing of the gas with the material in the mixer.

Abstract: An apparatus to reduce the pressure drop in a riser reactor equipped with a horizontal tee joint connection which uses a mechanical implant located at a point juxtaposed the connection of the horizontal and vertical tubes to prohibit fine particle catalysts from backflow down through the elongated riser reactor which thereby provides an easy upflow of catalysts through the riser reactor.

Abstract: An improved window gasket assembly and the apparatus and associated method for reaction injection molding such assemblies, as well as other molded articles, are disclosed. The gasket is preferably integrally molded from an elastomeric material such as urethane onto a substantially transparent window panel. The gasket and window assembly can then be mounted and secured directly to a vehicle body panel opening, for example, with adhesives, thereby eliminating the need for discrete mechanical fasteners. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, an improved aftermixer and gating apparatus includes a mixing body in which a flowable multi-constituent molding material is separated into a number of generally serpentine mixing passageways and reunited in a common mixing cavity before being conveyed through a fan-gate passageway to the mold cavity.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for enclosed flow-line semiconductor wafer treatment includes a wafer-containing vessel and a mechanism for imparting plug-flow to a treatment fluid flowing into the vessel. One plug-flow imparting mechanism includes a flow-expansion input element and a fixed helical flow-diverting surface. Another mechanism incorporates a rotating flow diverting surface.

Abstract: An improved mixing column for mixing a plurality of liquid or paste-like components of a material has several tiers having at least two flow-division chambers which overlap each other at least partially, and where each of these superimposed flow-division chambers has a flow-division wall which divides the incoming fluid. A different passage opening of the tier is connected with each of the superimposed flow-division chambers. The flow-division chambers are connected to mixing chambers arranged on either side thereof. Successive tiers are oriented at 90.degree. with respect to each other and each successive tier is shifted an additional 90.degree. in the same direction of rotation such that the mixing chambers of a lower tier are in communication with the passage openings in the floor of the adjacent upper tier. In this way, improved mixing of the components is achieved with a more compact construction as well as simplified manufacture.

Abstract: Vanes operatively attached to external sleeves are provided in a conduit to implement on the outside of the conduit change in the swirl angle of incoming fluids.

Abstract: An improved concrete apparatus is disclosed herein which is particularly well suited for a wide variety of applications wherein it is necessary to supply a granulated or powdered material in either wet or dry form to a remote worksite. The apparatus of the present invention employs a rotary valving arrangement whereby a plurality of charging bowls may be successively supplied with the desired material and thereafter evacuated under pressure into a central mixing chamber from where the material is conveyed to a suitable conduit which in turn conducts the material to the desired worksite again under pressure. The apparatus includes feeding arrangements whereby water, air, or other desired additives may be automatically fed into and mixed with the material in the mixing chamber before it reaches the remote application nozzle thus affording a greater time for proper absorption of water or the like by the material.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating fluids flowing at high velocity, for mass and heat transfer, for gas-liquid contacting and for contaminant particulate, mist or fume separation, including a plurality of perforated or unperforated cylinders arrayed staggered in rows perpendicular to the direction of flow of the fluid. The elements are spatially separated from each other. Diagonal by-pass flow through the array is blocked by a partition extending from each element generally parallel to the direction of flow of fluid bisecting the space between a pair of elements of an adjacent row with the elements of the pair symmetrically spaced with respect to the partition.Also, a method of removing contaminants from gas by passing the gas through this array between and injecting a liquid into the array. Capture of the contaminants by the drops is effected because of the difference in acceleration of each as the contaminated gas passes in and out of the gap between each cylinder and its adjacent partitions.