Abstract: In a serial two-stage extruder, the first-stage extruder has a screw including a feed screw section having a length within a range of 5 to 9 the major diameter thereof, a mixing screw section having a hexagonal cross section and a pitch of 1 to 3 times the major diameter thereof, and a metering screw section having a screw groove of an appropriate depth. The second-stage extruder includes an extruding screw and a barrel. The extruding screw has a screw groove of an appropriate depth and a dulmage formed at the tip end of the screw. The dulmage has a plurality of fins cooperating with fins of the barrel. Alteratively, in the second-stage extruder, the dulmage may have a plurality of axially spaced stages of fins. Configurations of the fins in each respective stage are identical but various characteristics of the fins vary from stage to stage. In this case, the barrel does not have fins.

Abstract: In a serial two-stage extruder, the first-stage extruder has a screw including a feed screw section having a length within a range of 5 to 9 the major diameter thereof, a mixing screw section having a hexagonal cross section and a pitch of 1 to 3 times the major diameter thereof, and a metering screw section having a screw groove of an appropriate depth. The second-stage extruder includes an extruding screw and a barrel. The extruding screw has a screw groove of an appropriate depth and a dulmage formed at the tip end of the screw. The dulmage has a plurality of fins cooperating with fins of the barrel. Alteratively, in the second-stage extruder, the dulmage may have a plurality of axially spaced stages of fins. Configurations of the fins in each respective stage are identical but various characteristics of the fins vary from stage to stage. In this case, the barrel does not have fins.

Abstract: Convenient access for quick and thorough clean-out and maintenance of an openable mixing chamber and both rotors in two-rotor continuous mixers for plastic materials is advantageously achieved by making each rotor in three separate pieces: a drive journal, a rotor body (also called a "rotor section" or a "rotor") and a driven journal. These three separate pieces of each rotor are axially aligned, with the rotor body being positioned between the drive journal and the driven journal. Each rotor body is disengageably coupled to its respective drive and driven journals. The drive and driven journals are rotatably mounted in bearing assemblies which are separate from the mixing chamber barrel (also called a "mixing chamber housing").

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method and an arrangement for continuously producing a rubber base compound and a rubber end compound in a single stage for vehicle tires, drive belts, conveyor belts as well as for industrial rubber products. The rubber base compound and the rubber end compound are produced continuously in one and the same mixing arrangement which includes a twin-screw extruder.

Abstract: A mixing head for thoroughly mixing and uniformly dispersing a dry filler material within a single liquid or a reactive mix. Dry filler is supplied to the compression chamber of the mixing head. A compression auger is mounted in the compression head is driven by a first drive shaft and compresses the dry filler. The speed of rotation of the compression auger is altered in response to the relative pressure of the dry filler within the compression chamber as measured by a pressure sensor. Air expelled from the compressive dry filler is removed through a port in the compression chamber. The compressed dry filler is conveyed to the mixing chamber of the mixing head. The mixing element is rotatively mounted within the mixing chamber for thoroughly mixing the dry filler with the liquid components. The mixing element is driven by a second drive shaft and can be driven in an opposite direction of rotation from the compression auger.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for producing monodisperse powdered rubber and includes an extruder and individual conveying, grinding and discharge sections with respective cooling units corresponding thereto. The cooling units are arranged outside of the extruder and receive the grinding stock after each grinding process in order to cool and transport the stock to the feed opening of the following conveying, grinding and discharge section of the extruder.

Abstract: In a mixer comprising a body defining a mixing chamber in which two rotors are rotatably mounted, a processability sensing system is disposed in a port in the body. The system is operative to monitor the flow and deformation characteristics of the material being mixed. It is connected to a feedback control loop which leads to a computerised control operative to control mixing characteristics. This enables mixing to be closely controlled to provide a better product.

Abstract: Continuous mixers of plastic materials are equipped with greased journal bearing assemblies instead of bulky, expensive, pumped circulating-oil lubricating systems, usually involving oil-cooling heat exchangers with circulating water. Such pumped oil systems having traditionally been employed in the past for lubricating journal bearings of the two rotors in such mixers. Novel thermal isolation of the journals for the two rotors separates their bearing assemblies from the severe heat being generated during mixing of plastic materials by continuous rotation of the two rotors within the mixer barrel. Localized cooling provides heat sinks for the drive and driven journals of each rotor. The rotors are shown as three-piece assemblies with drive and driven journals separate from the main rotor body.

Abstract: A twin conical screw extruder which includes a twin conical container having a material inlet port, a material extruding port on the opposite side of the material inlet port, and an inner conical wall surface converging toward the material extruding port, a pair of conical screw rotors accommodated in the twin conical container, each of the conical screw rotors having a free end adjacent to the material extruding port and a base portion rotatably supported such that the screws of the two rotors intermeshingly rotated in two different directions and a pressurizing device provided in each free end of the screw rotors so as to forcibly keep the free ends of the screw rotors in contact with each other at a predetermined contact pressure so as to overcome a pressure arising from the extruding operation.

Abstract: In general, used thermoplastic liquid containers such as oil and solvent bottles are discarded. When recycling oil bottles, the usual practice is to wash the bottles with a solvent to remove oil therefrom. Washing of the bottles results in large quantities of used, oil-containing solvent, which present a disposal problem. A simple solution to the problem of recycling liquid containers with no preliminary washing or cleaning operation includes the steps of tumbling the bottles to promote liquid separation, shredding the bottles into small pieces and draining the liquid therefrom, grinding the pieces of plastic to yield a particulate thermoplastic, and mixing the particulate thermoplastic and any liquid remaining therein with an additive, e.g. an oil absorbent and a filler such as calcium carbonate, glass, mica or talc, and when the liquid is an oil, an absorbent to produce an extrudable mixture which can be used to form new containers.

Abstract: A process for continuously producing a heat-vulcanizable silicone rubber compound, which includes the steps of:(i) mixing (A) a diorganopolysiloxane having a viscosity as measured at 25.degree. C. of 1.times.10.sup.5 cP or more, (B) an inorganic filler and (C) a processing aid, as basic ingredients, by a high-speed mechanical shearing machine, thereby to obtain a flowable particulate mixture in which each ingredient is present in a substantially uniformly and finely dispersed state, and(ii) continuously feeding, at a constant feed rate, said particulate mixture to a continuously kneading and extruding machine through a feed opening thereof, which machine has two screws rotating in the same direction, thereby to obtain a homogeneous silicone rubber compound from a discharge opening of said kneading and extruding machine.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing materials within a bore is disclosed to provide separation of the bore-defining elements without any relative movement between surfaces which are in engagement. Such lack of relevant movement precludes generation of frictional forces which may have catastrophic results where materials being processed are volatile or unstable such as explosives.

Abstract: A method for the continuous preparation of a chewing gum mass is disclosed which includes reducing the agglomerations of the solid ingredients contained in the gum mass in minimum time. The method includes introducing powdered chewing gum ingredients and a first portion of a liquid gum base into an extruder and forming a premix and thereafter combining the premix with a second portion of gum base. The premix and second portion of gum base are then extruded over a distance and in a unidirectional flow to provide a substantially homogeneous chewing gum mass having minimal agglomerations of powdered chewing gum ingredients. In a preferred embodiment, the chewing gum mass is cooled during the unidirectional flow to the exit port to allow rolling, scoring and wrapping of the exiting chewing gum without requiring a separate cooling step.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant and wear resistant housing for a screw extruder having one or more axis-parallel bores, each of which accommodates a screw of the extruder. Support sleeves, which have a smaller internal diameter than the screw bore or bores and which guide the rotating screw or screws are disposed in the two end regions of the housing poritons, whereby the corrosion and wear caused by the material being extruded are primarily restricted to the support sleeves.

Abstract: A multi-shaft thin-layer reactor for treating fluid materials in which gaseous material is present during such treatment. The treatment involves the addition of gas to the fluid material or the removal of gas therefrom. The reactor includes a housing in which a plurality of axis-parallel conveying shafts are disposed. The housing is cylindrical and the shafts are disposed around the inner periphery thereof in such a manner that each shaft meshes with the two shafts adjacent thereto. The meshing shafts jointly define the outer periphery of a treatment chamber within the housing. At least one sun-and-planet roller extrusion assembly rotates the shafts and is adjacent at least one end of the shafts in a form-locking manner. The conveying shafts also scrape against the internal wall of the housing so that thin layers of the fluid materials fed into the reactor are formed and these thin layers become disposed on the conveyor shafts.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating molten material wherein a gas is present during such treatment either by being removed from the molten material or by being added thereto. The apparatus comprises a housing having a continuous spindle or a pair of spindles disposed therein. The continuous spindle is externally threaded at least in its end regions, and the pair of spindles is externally threaded. A plurality of planet spindles are dispoed circumferentially around the spindle are spindles. The planet spindles are also threaded and intermesh with one another as well as with the spindle or spindles. Furthermore, the internal wall of the housing is threaded and intermeshes with the threaded planet spindles. A treatment chamber is defined within the housing and the planet spindles define a wall surface of such chamber. The intermeshing components produce thin layers of the molten material which is carried, by the planet spindles, into the treatment chamber.

Abstract: A continuous mixer having a series of end-to-end mixing compartments each with two parallel shaft-driven agitator ribbons arranged for folding a product into the middle and for end-to-end mixing, as in a batch mixer. As the product is being mixed in each compartment it is gradually and continuously transferred at a controlled rate to the next compartment for further mixing. The completely mixed product in the last compartment is discharged continuously at a rate substantially equal to the rate of transfer between compartments. The mixer has steam jackets for heating each of the compartments so that the mixer may be used for cooking. By adjusting the steam pressure, the amount of heat going into each compartment can be controlled to suit the heating requirements of a variety of products. For example, the compartments may be heated to progressively higher temperatures to prevent burn on.

Abstract: A method for continuous production of a chewing gum slab in the absence of separate cooling is disclosed. The method includes introducing chewing gum ingredients and gum base into an extruder and extrusion mixing the ingredients with the gum base over a distance to provide a substantially homogeneous chewing gum mass. The mass is also cooled over the distance so that the chewing gum slab is provided which is suitable for rolling and scoring is extruding into a rope without a separate cooling step.

Abstract: A novel plastic extruder is taught which employs a compound feed screw having both a flights' section, and a wiper section adjacent thereto. The compound feed screw is positioned in a jacketed extruder barrel through which a foam plastic melt is propelled and cooled by means of a coolant circulated through the jacket, or other cooling means, prior to being forced through a die to form a cellular plastic sheet. The flights' section of the feed comprises a helical spiral ridge machined on a rotatable shaft, while the wiper section comprises a plurality of wiper blade assemblies mounted longitudinally on pairs of spaced apart, raised circular ridges, machined on the shaft, adjacent wiper blade assemblies being mounted radially displaced relative to each other.

Abstract: A continuous granulator of the double-screw type includes a mechanism by which the degree of kneading can be controlled, and prevents lateral communication between the screw ends. A gear pump connected after the screw cylinders delivers the material to the cutting unit.

Abstract: A twin screw extruder which significantly reduces extruder wear through provision of separate, complemental, interfitted frustoconical screw and barrel sections adjacent the outlet end of the extruder barrel which create an even, bearing-type support for the rotating screws as material passes through the apparatus. In preferred forms, the screws are intermeshed along the majority of the extruder barrel, but diverge at the region of the final frustoconical screw sections and are received within respective complemental barrel sections; in this fashion the material being processed is split into juxtaposed, non-communicating streams, and thereby evenly flows around and supports the adjacent screw section to lessen the tendency of the screws to separate themselves and come into wearing contact with the surrounding barrel walls. The extruder can be used to process a wide variety of plant-derived materials, but is particularly useful for viscous substances (e.g.

Abstract: A series of preferably superimposed low inclination troughs containing serial inclined blade rotating mixers and transporters is provided to react dry materials and liquids, and in particular borax with water and acid, in a manner which avoids the formation of refractory lumps and the like. Those are at least two series of rotating blades to both mix and lift the materials into a gas drying stream passing along the troughs. A shearing type grinder or hammer mill is positioned intermediate of the troughs to grind or break up the material part way through the apparatus. Material is discharged from the apparatus in a dry finely comminuted form which does not form lumps upon standing.

Abstract: A back-pressure bearing arrangement for a twin-screw extrusion device which prevents any back-pressure forces from affecting a gear arrangement used for driving the screws. By disposing the back-pressure bearings between the gear arrangement and the housing of the extrusion device and by providing a bearing plate, which is supported by adjustment bolts or tension rods, the bearings are frictionally disconnected from the gear arrangement housing and the back-pressure forces of the screw shafts are effectively prevented from adversely affecting the gear arrangement.

Abstract: A double screw extruder includes two conical extruder screws whose screw shafts are arranged at an angle to one another corresponding to the conicity of the extruder screws, and a drive apparatus for driving one of the screw shafts. The other screw shaft is driven from the first screw shaft through a bevel gear drive provided with teeth arranged in herringbone or arrow fashion.

Abstract: A degassing device on a worm extruder having a worm housing accomodating the worm or worms and provided with at least one degassing passage opening into the worm chamber of the housing is provided with a return delivery device for material which has penetrated from the worm chamber into the degassing passage. The free surface (evaporation area) of the extruder material within the degassing passage amounts to more than about 40% of the degassing passage cross-section, and the smallest gas passage cross-section of the return delivery device amounts to at least about 0.1 times, the degassing passage cross-section. Especially in the case of pasty material this reliably prevents a blockage of the degassing passage by the material processed in the worm extruder.

Abstract: A housing section for a twin screw shaft machine which has a load-bearing outer housing with a substantially rectangular outer cross section, an inner housing designed as an abrasion insert and a heating device encompassing the outer housing. The outer cross section of the inner housing and the inner cross section of the outer housing are substantially rectangular and the heating device and the outer housing are divided approximately diagonally in the longitudinal direction. The individual parts are therefore easy to manufacture and may be tightened against one another in even overall engagement.

Abstract: An extrusion device comprises feed means and extrusion means. The feed means comprises a feed hopper having a feed aperture formed therein, said feed aperture feeding material into a hollow barrel in which a single screw rotates. The single screw conveys the material to the extrusion device. The extrusion device comprises twin screws rotating in a further barrel. The two barrels are co-axial with one another and are in series with one another. The diameter of the single screw is at least twice the diameter of each of the twin screws.

Abstract: A screw element for use in a material-processing machine comprising at least one screw formed by a central driving shaft (2) on which are mounted a plurality of hollow elements (12, 13 . . . ) provided on their inner wall with grooves (31) engaging with corresponding splines (21) of the central shaft (2). A cylindrical inner collar (3) made from a product resistant to the mechanical driving stresses and on the inner wall (32) of which are formed the grooves (31) corresponding to the splines (21) of the shaft, and an outer collar (4) made from a product resistant to the abrasion of the processed material and on which are formed, within the body of the outer collar, helical threads (42) or other peripheral material-processing means, the outer collar (4) being mounted without clearance on the inner collar (3) and being connected to the inner collar for rotation therewith. The invention is applicable in particular to the construction of extruding machines.

Abstract: An improved process for incorporating glass fibers into a thermoplastic synthetic resin wherein the glass fibers are continuously mixed with a molten thermoplastic synthetic resin and the resulting mixture is shaped into a desired article, involves preheating the glass fibers to a temperature not more than the melting point of the synthetic resin, feeding the preheated glass fibers and the molten synthetic resin separately to a premixing chamber, intermixing the resin and fibers within the chamber and thereafter introducing the resultant premix continously and directly into a two-stage degasifying screw-type extruder for effecting further homogenization of the premix and for extruding the desired article. The two-stage degasifying screw-type extruder used for carrying out this process is provided with a screw having a constant screw pitch in the two stages and in each stage with a low pressure zone and a high pressure zone in succession.

Abstract: Apparatus for the continuous production of high molecular polymers in which a plurality of parallel screw shafts coupled together for rotary movement in the same direction within a casing are partially disposed in trough-like recesses in the casing wall and enclose a devolatilization chamber having an opening for connection to a vacuum and forming an extrusion unit with the casing and in which the shafts carry spaced noncircular kneading disks oriented in staggered relationship on the shaft axes with the disks of adjacent shafts meshing to scrape the substance to be treated from each other.

Abstract: In a twin screw extruding machine, a reduction gear system comprises a casing, an input shaft and two output shafts supported by said casing, each in alignment with a respective one of said screws. A respective first pinion is fitted to each output shaft, these first pinions being offset relative to one another in the axial direction. The first pinion on each of the output shafts is a helical pinion so as to develop a component of force in the axial direction opposite a reaction to the thrust exerted by the associated screw of the extruding machine. Two first helical gears mesh with the first pinion on each of said output shafts at diametrically opposite points thereon. A respective second helical pinion meshes with each first helical gear. Each of the second helical pinions is keyed to a respective thrust shaft. There is a respective thrust bearing at one end at least of each thrust shaft. A respective second helical gear is keyed to each thrust shaft.

Abstract: In the case of an apparatus for dewatering and plastifying water-wet mixts of materials for manufacturing explosives, as for example mixtures for producing propellent charges, using a screw extruder with one or more screws having kneading and conveying elements and a housing, possibly made up of axial sections, with a filling port for the said mixture as wetted with water, certain steps are taken for stopping the formation of slurries at the back end or part of the screw extruder, that is to say at the filling port there is an outwardly widening drain port with a drain duct joined thereto in which there is a conveyor for clearing the expressed water and the solids therein and moving them to the back end of the screw extruder.

Abstract: An automatic dough-producing system including a controllable mixing stage into which are fed flour and a dough-forming solution to produce a paste which is then supplied to a development stage yielding dough. In the development stage, the incoming paste is fed through a lateral inlet to a screw rotating within an elongated tube at a variable speed, the inlet position being adjustable along the screw to vary the length of that portion of the screw which acts to knead and develop the paste to produce the dough, this adjustment being independent of the mixing stage.

Abstract: A reclaiming machine for scraps of expanded foam thermoplastic material including an electrical source, a housing having a first and second material feeding poet formed therein, a first and second cylinder positioned within the housing and in communication with the first and second port, respectively, a first and second threaded screw shaft rotatably mounted in the first and second cylinder, respectively, wherein the thread diameter of the first and second screw shafts increase in a direction away from the first and second port, respectively, a mechanism operatively associated with the first and second shafts for selectively driving the first and second shafts; a third cylinder positioned between the first and second cylinder and forming a discharging port located adjacent the first and second material feeding port, first and second tubes interconnecting the first and second cylinders to the third cylinder at an end thereof opposite the first and second port; and band heaters enclosing an external wall of the

Abstract: A lower guide bearing arrangement for twin screw mixer of the nauta-type wherein the mixing chamber is comprised of an inverted, truncated cone housing a pair of screws supported at their upper ends from the ends of a swing or orbit arm which rotates at a relatively slow speed, the lower ends of the screws being received in guide bearing arrangements mounted on a support member which rotates at the same speed as the orbit arm. Means are provided to drive the screws 15 at a relatively high speed depending on the mixing requirements.Each lower guide bearing arrangement for the screws of the twin screw mixer is comprised of a shaft mounted on the lower support member, the shaft being received within a bearing housing containing a spherical roller bearing. The housing has a driving engagement with a load ring attached to the lower end of the screw. This driving engagement is achieved by means of a linear sleeve bearing manufactured of a nylon-like material.

Abstract: A process for regulating the mixing process of rubber mixtures utilizes an internal or closed mixer having a casing containing two paddles with feed and mixing blades mounted on shafts which extend with parallel axes through a mixing chamber. The shafts are arranged to be driven in opposite directions at variable speeds and the mixer is provided with a pressure-operable plunger for closing the mixing chamber. The temperature of the mixing process is controlled with the aid of a thermometer probe and the mixing sequence is controlled on the basis of energy marks and a superimposed desired/actual value follower control of the mixing temperature via the specific energy supplied to the mixture in the mixing chamber, the speed at which the shafts and hence the paddles are driven and/or the pressure applied by the plunger serving as variables for the temperature control.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating powdery rubber mixtures to form processed intermediate products comprises volumetric metering means; a filling extruder; a mixing and plasticizing portion located at the downstream end of the filling extruder and having a central toothed spindle, toothed planetary spindles and an internally toothed housing; and forming out means shown as an extruder cascade connected to the mixing and plasticizing portion and extruding material through a perforated plate with cutting blades. The mixing and plasticizing portion is of only short length and can effect intensive working but does so for only a short period of time on the material passing therethrough so that the material is not damaged by being over-heated.

Abstract: A double-worm press, especially an extrusion or plastifying press for thermoplastic materials and particularly high viscosity thermoplastics, has generally conical worms, at least the discharge zones of which are formed so that the material is treated generally adiabatically therein. For this purpose, the end of the discharge zone has a depth of the worm flight which is between 24 and 33% of the worm diameter, preferably between 26 and 30%, with the ratio of the depth of the flight (or height) to the diameter of the worm increasing progressively away from the discharge end, counter to the direction of feed of the material.

Abstract: Glucose-containing products can be manufactured in apparatus comprising a continuous screw conveyor member rotatable in a continuous press cylinder having three regions in cascade arrangement between an intake opening and an output opening. The regions comprise an intake region for the rapid and economical intake of different kinds of products, a compression region for building up a very high pressure of from about 20 to 300 bars for disintegrating the products and for heating the product by intensive shearing thereof to a temperature of up to 250.degree. C., and a catalyst injection region for intensive action on and mixing or hydrolysis of the cellulosic substances with trifluoroacetic acid or the like injected through nozzles.

Abstract: An extruder for thermoplastic or elastomeric materials has a mastication stage with one or more feedscrews preceded by a preheating zone in which the incoming bulk material is circulated and possibly recirculated by two screw-type conveyor members or augers in a loop within a heated extension of the extruder housing. The augers may be counterrotatingly disposed in two juxtaposed cylindrical compartments or may be coaxially nested and corotating with opposite pitch.

Abstract: A two-stage extruder having a first, vertical stage and a second, separately driven, horizontal stage, the two stages being off-set from one another and lying at tangents to one another in the region of a connecting passage. The first stage has a rotatable plasticizing member with kneading blades off-set from one another and located between conveying screw components of said member and cylindrical pins projecting into the working chamber of said first stage. A bearing is provided for the member at its upper end and a cylindrical sleeve surrounds the lower end of the member and can be turned to control the effective size of the connecting passage or to eject material through a second outlet.

Abstract: An improved mixing apparatus involves a vessel having an interior surface in the shape of at least two intersecting conical frustums with axes parallel and substantially vertical. At least two interengaging helical screw elements are rotatably mounted within the vessel such that when co-rotated they interengage along their length and also conform to the interior surface of the vessel to effect a complete cleaning of each other and of the interior surface of the vessel. The bottom portion of the screw elements form a pressure generating zone and the upper portion of the screw elements form a mixing zone having a hollow center described by the co-rotating screw elements. In the mixing zone each screw element includes a continuous transition from a multilobal cross-section, e.g., trilobal cross-section (bounded by three equal arcs), to a circular cross-section. The circular cross-sections of the screw elements in the upper part of the mixing zone, i.e.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyacetal homopolymer or copolymer which comprises continuously feeding a liquid starting mixture containing molten trioxane and a catalyst and optionally a comonomer through a feed opening of a reactor, said reactor being a continuously stirring-type mixer having two stirring shafts having a plurality of plate-like paddles fixed thereto the cross-section of each of said paddles taken perpendicularly of the axial direction of the stirring shaft having a shape of a convex lens, an ellipse or a quasipolygon inscribing a phantom circle at each vertex, one of said paddles facing another paddle fixed to the other stirring shaft and said one paddle being positioned such that it rotates while the edges thereof keep a slight clearance from the inner surface of the barrel and the other paddle; polymerizing the starting mixture while moving it toward the discharge opening by the rotation of the paddles, the improvement wherein the profiles of the paddles are changed, or the arrangement of the

Abstract: A kneading and mixing machine for plastic materials having a housing with a rotor rotatable therein to convey material from an inlet aperture fed by a feed hopper to an outlet passage and to plasticise the material during such conveying, and a throttling member in the form of a cylindrical sleeve concentrically surrounding the rotor within the housing having an aperture therein and being rotatable to alter the extent of the alignment of the aperture with the passage and thus the size of the effective output aperture of the machine.A discharge extruder may be fed via the aperture or the sleeve can be rotated to eject the output of the machine through a second outlet.

Abstract: The apparatus has an extruding means and a spreader means whereby a continuous dough sheet is formed. To preserve the "softness" within the dough and the finished cooked product the extruding means has a double feed screw housing preferably disposed side-by-side and having their outlets joined by a Y-type fitting to form a single feed conduit which is coupled to a spreader means having a downwardly distending outwardly flaring passageway. To prevent dough from sticking to the surfaces of the passageway the opposing triangular shaped surfaces are each provided with a plurality of parallel grooves oriented at an angle to the dough path travel. To ensure no separation of dough when in the sheet form, the feed conduit is provided with a twister or helical thin member which ensures the interface surface within the dough is oriented at an angle of less than 90 degrees with the elongated cross-section the spreader means.

Abstract: The invention relates to a small volume outlet apparatus for multiple shaft screw machines for highly viscous materials at the discharge end of a multiple shaft screw having a sieve changing device arranged in it.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns a continuous mixer for plastic material and of the type which permits control of the pressure on the material being mixed in the mixer by resisting the flow of mixed material displaced from the mixer when unmixed material is fed into the mixer. The resistance to the discharged flow is effected by one or more elements which engage the flow and which are movable.

Abstract: A two stage extruder comprising a first, vertical extruder and a second, horizontal extruder with the working chambers of the two stages connected by a connecting passage and off-set from one another so that each lies at a tangent to the other in a region which is a lower outlet region of the vertical stage and a drawing-in region of the horizontal stage; the vertical stage has a plasticizing portion with a planetary arrangement, a screw shaft supported in a lower axial pressure bearing and a butting ring for the planetary spindles disposed on the screw shaft. A lower cylindrical liner for the vertical stage has an aperture therein and the effective size of the connecting passage can be adjusted by rotating the liner.

Abstract: Multi-stage apparatus for plasticizing and extruding plastic material comprising a first extruder having a first screw, a planetary roller unit and a second extruder having a second screw, the second screw receiving its drive from the first screw via the planetary roller whereby a speed increase or reduction is obtainable between the two extruder screws depending upon the particular arrangement and tooth ratio of the planetary roller unit.

Abstract: A separating device for separating materials from each other having different melting points, particularly a mixture of plasticized and non-plasticized solid material, includes a housing having a bore and a plurality of successively arranged disc within the bore. The discs are located relative to each other and are of such configuration as to define screening gaps. The plasticized material is separated by passage through the screening gaps as the mixture including substantially all of the solid material passes through the bore.