Abstract: A kneading device kneads a main raw material of high viscosity and a secondary raw material of liquid or powder and continuously delivers a kneaded raw material obtained, and a ropesizer includes a sheet forming unit, and a delivering unit applies a second raw material onto a first raw material, which is elongated into a sheet shape and is conveyed by the sheet forming unit, so as to be in a strand form.

Abstract: A kneading device kneads a main raw material of high viscosity and a secondary raw material of liquid or powder and continuously delivers a kneaded raw material obtained, and a ropesizer includes a sheet forming unit, and a delivering unit applies a second raw material onto a first raw material, which is elongated into a sheet shape and is conveyed by the sheet forming unit, so as to be in a strand form.

Abstract: A method for mixing flowable polymer material with particulate additive utilizes a continuous process. A pre-blend of the polymeric material and additive is made in a hopper. The pre-blend is compacted and fed into a first mixing arrangement to form an intermediate blend. The first mixing arrangement has a rotor with a helical flight located within a chamber. The intermediate blend is fed into a second mixing arrangement to form a final blend. The second mixing arrangement has a conical rotor with blades. The rotors of the first and second mixing arrangements are coaxial but operate at different speeds.

Abstract: An extrusion molding machine has a main extrusion molding device, and a drive mechanism connected to the main extrusion molding device. The drive mechanism has a motor device, a transmission case, and a drive shaft connected to the motor device. The drive shaft passes through the transmission case. The main extrusion molding device has an upper feed inlet, a lower chamber, and a gear mechanism therein. The gear mechanism has a first pinion, a second pinion engaging with the first pinion, a third pinion engaging with the second pinion, a main gear engaging with the first pinion, a fourth pinion engaging with the main gear, a fifth pinion engaging with the fourth pinion, a sixth pinion engaging with the fifth pinion, and a seventh pinion engaging with the sixth pinion. The main gear encloses the drive shaft.

Abstract: A mixer and method of using the mixer is disclosed in which a closed chambered vessel capable of both holding pressure and vacuum is charged with a mixture of elastomer and materials taken from the group of tall oil, fatty acids and residues of tall oil production. The charge mixture is heated under pressure without excessive friction heat. After the heating cycle, the mixer atmosphere is evacuated under vacuum, and then the mix is discharged.

Abstract: To provide a dust-free rubber mixer which does not release contaminants such as dusts generated in the rubber mixer into a working room. In the dust-free rubber mixer comprising a rubber mixing section having a plurality of rubber mixing rolls and a driving section having a motor, the whole parts of the rubber mixer except the rubber mixing rolls are covered with a casing, air intakes are provided on the casing in a periphery of rotation shafts of the rubber mixing rolls, an exhaust duct is provided on the casing and air suction means for making the inside pressure of the casing reduced is provided on the exhaust duct.

Abstract: A food processor that is operable in a dough mixing mode and in at least one other mixing mode. When in the dough mixing mode, the mixing impeller is driven at a continuous speed in the range of about 1,400 to about 1,600 rpm and preferably form about 1,400 rpm to about 1,550 rpm. When in the other mixing mode, the impeller is driven at a speed in excess of 1,600 rpm. The impeller has a blade assembly with an upper blade and a lower blade that are offset vertically and sloped toward one another to thereby slice a relatively wide swath of the dough ball during mixing.

Abstract: High levels of treated fumed silica, processing fluid and high molecular weight silicone polymer are continuously compounded into a homogeneous silica filled heat-vulcanizable silicone composition by forming a premix in a continuous annular layer mixer and continuously discharging the premix into a compounding apparatus for compounding to form the filled heat-vulcanizable silicone composition.

Abstract: An apparatus for mixing and advancing a polymer melt, which includes a mixer and a conveying device. The mixer comprises a tubular mixing shaft (outer shaft) and an inner mixing shaft (inner shaft). The tubular outer shaft is arranged in surrounding relationship with the inner mixing shaft. Both mixing shafts extend in cantilever fashion into a mixing chamber, and a passageway is formed at the front end between the mixing chamber wall and the free end of the outer shaft, so that the mixing chamber is divided into an inner mixing chamber (inner chamber) and an outer mixing chamber (outer chamber), which are interconnected via the passageway. A melt inlet and a melt outlet are arranged in such a manner that the melt flow advances through the inner chamber and the outer chamber in opposite directions.

Abstract: A description is given of a mixing apparatus for the treatment of viscous substances which comprises a heatable housing 1 with a product inlet 6 on one side of the vessel and a product outlet 8 on the other side of the housing 1 and, if appropriate, an exhaust vapor nozzle 7, which comprises two or more mutually parallel counter-rotating shafts 2, 2′. Located thereupon there are paddles 3, 3′ extending in the circumferential direction and blades 4, 4′, 5, 5′ extending along the axial direction. The apparatus permits the active axial conveyance of the mixed substance, the moving internals fully cleaning themselves kinematically during operation of the apparatus.

Abstract: A continuous type kneading machine comprising a chamber formed by a pair of parallel cylindrical cavities communicated with each other at their sides and a pair of rotatable rotors housed in disengaging state in the cavities, wherein each of the rotors is formed in a blade form having a spiral angle and a constant cross section in the axial direction, and directions of the spiral angles of the rotors in the cavities are opposite to each other and a phase difference in the axial direction during rotation of the rotors is kept at constant.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for continuously reducing the viscosity of molten moldable polymeric material uses shear vibration under extensional flow to cause disentanglement. One or more station treatment cavities are defined by a gap composed of two closely separated surfaces in relative motion with each other at given speed and/or submitted to relative oscillations, with given frequency and amplitude to produce a shear deformation on the molten moldable material and a controlled variation of the gap dimension. The surface have a contour profile of ribs and/or bumps and/or grooves over which the molten moldable material can flow and/or can be dragged and/or is being pushed through and/or pumped through. The treatment cavities have an inlet through which the molten moldable material can pass into, and an outlet through which it can exit each treatment cavity.

Abstract: A device for kneading doughs and pastes consisting of a type of flour, a liquid such as water and other appropriate additives, which device consists substantially of a horizontal lying elongated trough provided with a curved bottom having standing side walls connecting thereto, and a rotatably driven mixing and kneading gear operating in the trough, wherein the mixing and kneading gear consists of at least two tubes or rods which are driven around the center line of the trough bottom and received in rotatable supports on either end of the trough, wherein the diameters of the rotating tubes or rods are practically identical and the circumscribed circle lies a short distance from the trough bottom, such that many types of dough mass can be made and the mixing and kneading gear is easy to clean.

Abstract: The apparatus for treating viscous substances described is composed of a heatable vessel with, on one side, an inlet for the materials of the mix and, on the other side, an outlet for the materials of the mix and of two or more corotating shafts to which mixer elements have been attached, characterized in that the mixer elements are composed of two layers of bars, which are arranged crosswise in relation to each other, connected to one another. There are pins running axially attached to the face sides of the bars. These clean the interstices between the bars of the mixer elements of the adjacent shaft.

Abstract: A method for producing a high solids aqueous solution of poly(vinyl alcohol) in which substantially dry poly(vinyl alcohol) is first fed into a specially designed single screw extruder. Heated water is introduced through a separate entry port downstream of the feed end of the extruder. A temperature of 38 to 121.degree. C. and a back pressure of at least 20,786 kPa are applied to the extruder. The mixture of poly(vinyl alcohol) and water is conveyed through transition and metering sections of the single screw extruder to dispersive and distributive mixing sections to produce a high solids poly(vinyl alcohol) solution which is substantially free of gels. The high solids poly(vinyl alcohol) solution can be used directly in the production of products such as fibers and sheets.

Abstract: A multi-shaft screw-type extruder having a casing with two parallel intersecting casing bores and two shafts drivably disposed in the casing bores. Screw elements intermeshing kneading disks are fixed on the shafts The widths of the respective crest portions of the kneading disks are smaller than the disk width and form mixing-and-scraping-studs on the periphery of the disks. The mixing-and-scraping-studs on each kneading disk are axially misaligned relative to each other such that their peripheral faying surfaces jointly cover the entire disk width.

Abstract: A kneader mixer comprises at least two axial-parallel rotating shafts, each of the shafts having a plurality of kneading-transporting elements axially spaced on the shaft and separated from each other on the shaft by a tubular section.

Abstract: A mixing device for the treatment of viscous substances is described, which mixing device comprises a heatable container 1 with product inlet 5 on the one side of the container and product outlet 6 on the other side of the container, and where appropriate a vapor connection 7, which mixing device comprises a plurality of shafts 2,2' rotating in the same direction. Annular discs 4 are fitted to a shaft 2 by means of spokes 3; in this case, the annular discs 4 are corrugated in the axial direction, and annular discs 4 and spokes 3, together with the shaft 2 carrying them, kinematically clean the annular discs 4', spokes 3' and the adjacent shaft 2' carrying the latter. At all times, the housing 1 is kinematically cleaned by the annular discs 4,4' and spokes 3,3' in the course of rotation of the shafts 2,2'.

Abstract: A dough mixing apparatus for use in a bakery laboratory in order to test formulas and ingredients includes an upright mixing machine, a bowl with an upstanding center pin and a pair of dough arms approximating a double helix configuration. In operation, the mixing machine rotates the arms about their axes and eccentrically about the center pin to ensure efficient kneading and rapid dough development. The preferred apparatus also includes a strain gage for monitoring the torque on the dough arms and displaying a graph on a PC monitor of the torque over time in relation to a specification curve for monitoring dough development.

Abstract: A mixing unit for mixing rubber has a mixing chamber and at least one rotor positioned therein. A drive, for driving the at least one rotor, is positioned exterior to the mixing chamber. The at least one rotor has a shaft penetrating outwardly from the mixing chamber and connected to the drive. An inlet opening is positioned at the top side of the mixing chamber. A first closure closes the inlet opening. An outlet opening is positioned at the bottom of the mixing chamber and can be closed by a second closure. At least one first connector is provided for affecting pressure in the mixing chamber. An air-tight enclosure for the shaft penetrating from the mixing chamber is provided. The enclosure has at least one second connector for affecting pressure in the enclosure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fully self-cleaning reactor/mixer having a large freely usable volume, that cleans itself kinematically, consisting of two or more parallel shafts (2, 2') rotating in opposite directions, on which are located spirally arranged, axially offset paddles (3, 3') with scrapers (4, 4', 5, 5') on the front and rear of the paddles, and a surrounding housing (1). Since all the scrapers (4, 4') on the upstream side of the paddles (3, 3') convey the material concerned outwards and all the scrapers (5, 5') on the downstream side of the paddles convey the material inwards, axial conveyance is obtained.

Abstract: A polycondensation reactor for polyesters, polyamides or polyarylates, for example, in which a low viscosity material is introduced into the reactor and a relative high viscosity polymer exits the reactor. The reactor has at least two longitudinally intersecting cylindrical interior chambers, each with a rotating shaft through its length. Each shaft has a plurality of stirrers and spacers designed to wipe all interior surfaces of the reactor. The stirrers can be shaped as a cycloid or involute profile, for example. Generally the stirrers on each shaft are indexed from one another preferably by 90.degree. and intermesh with stirrers on the adjacent shaft. Stirring the low viscosity material by rotating the stirrers (on the shafts) spreads the material into a plurality of thin films. At the temperature and vacuum conditions of the reactor, a volatile component is removed, thus causing the material to polymerize, by condensation, forming a relatively high viscosity polymer.

Abstract: The invention concerns a machine for making, cutting and shaping pasta, including at least one unit head for making, cutting or shaping pasta, in which is installed at least one pair of rollers, adjacent to each other and rotating around their respective substantially horizontal and parallel axes; it is equipped to process dough into sheet form or a sheet in the form of pasta, including, according to the invention, a hopper detachably fastened to the unit head to feed dough composed of flour and eggs or a sheet of pasta into the unit, this being without manual intervention of the operator after the introduction of the dough or sheet of pasta between the rollers in the unit head.

Abstract: A dough hook for a planetary mixer, the use of which prolongs the life of mixer parts such as the shaft, gears and the hook itself and which is characterized in that the following points are located on common edge of the hook portion:______________________________________ Distance from Distance from Angle of Rotation (degrees) Centerline of Baseline of from a Fixed Point on said Hook Portion (in.) Hook Portion (in.) Hook Portion ______________________________________ 3.5 6.2 71.5 3.0 8.7 106 2.1 10.6 140 0 12.

Abstract: A continuous kneading machine for doughs comprises a tub-shaped container, open at the top, which contains at least one pair of identical synchronously counterrotating kneading shafts. A series of U-shaped bracket components are attached to each kneading shaft longitudinally. The U-shaped bracket components are angularly offset relative to each other around the shaft circumference, with each bracket component being inclined in the direction of motion, such that the bracket components form a helical profile along the kneading shaft. A "manual" type of kneading is achieved due to the shearing off, pulling apart, and pressing together actions of the inventive shaft and bracket configuration.

Abstract: A multi-axis mixer/reactor with a large available useful capacity, which is kinematically self-cleaning, comprising at least one housing one, two or more parallel, contrarotating shafts 2, 2', on which intermeshing groups of gear wheels 3, 3' are disposed in an axially spaced-apart manner. The gear wheels 3, 3' are connected to one another by kneading bars 5, 5', while further kneading bars 4, 4' which are connected in each case only to one gear wheel are likewise disposed on the end faces of the gear wheels.

Abstract: A self-cleaning reactor/mixer, in particular a disk reactor, with a large available useful capacity, which cleans itself kinematically, comprising at least two or more parallel shafts rotating in the same direction, on which axially offset, not necessarily circular disks with scrapers distributed on their circumference are situated, and a surrounding housing. The reactor/mixer on account of the special geometry of its rotors, which extensively avoids acute product-side angles, is particularly suitable for processing solids-bearing materials to be mixed.

Abstract: The method for manufacturing rubber mixtures includes the steps of plasticizing batchwise rubber in a first inner kneader to produce a batch of plasticized rubber and transporting the batch of plasticized rubber, while still hot, into a second inner kneader. In the second kneader nonreactive additives are mixed into the batch of plasticized rubber.

Abstract: In a kneading machine for food products, the product to be kneaded is fed within an endless channel defined within a circular bowl. In the channel there are located helical kneading tools each rotating around a respective axis while all moving simultaneously along the endless channel. Within the channel there project walls, each obstructing the channel immediately behind a respective kneading tool, so that each kneading tool is contained within a kneading chamber separated from the remainder of the channel, this kneading chamber moving along this channel from a loading area for the product to be kneaded to an unloading area for the kneaded product. The machine receives a continuous elongated mass of product to be kneaded and discharges at its outlet a sequence of batches of kneaded product which form again a continuous elongated mass of dough.

Abstract: A multipurpose electric food mixing appliance specially adapted to mix and knead bread dough in combination with a blender device utilizes one power source to drive both the blender and the mixer. The appliance can sense when dough is properly kneaded and automatically shut itself off. The load on the appliance motor during kneading of the dough is monitored by monitoring the power supplied to such motor and the motor is stopped when the load on the motor begins to decrease after a period of increasing load. With an A.C. motor, the phase angle of power supplied to the motor while keeping the speed of the motor substantially constant is a measure of the load on the motor.

Abstract: A method for forming an article from recyclable plastic materials includes progressively heating thermoplastic solid particles simultaneously with mixing, melting and conveying the particles, prior to delivery of molten material to an extruder. The process is particularly suitable for the continuous extrusion of elongated members having a plurality of internal wall surfaces defining elongated cavities within the member. The apparatus embodying the present invention includes a heated mixer-conveyor that simultaneously heats, melts, mixes and conveys thermoplastic material from an inlet port at which the material is received in solid particulate form, to a discharge port at which the material is in a substantially liquid state. A die particularly adapted for the continuous extrusion of an elongated member having internal walls shaped by surfaces within the die cavity is also disclosed.

Abstract: A batch type kneader (1) is provided with a chamber (3) having a material supply port (5) which can be closed, a pair of rotors (4A, 4B) which are disposed in the chamber (3) so as to be rotatable in opposite directions, and wings (10) provided over the outer circumferential surfaces (10A) of the rotors (4A, 4B) in such a way that they (10) mesh with each other. In this kneader (1), a ratio S/D of a clearance S between the outer circumferential surfaces (10A) of the wings (10) of the rotors (4A, 4B) and an interior wall surface of the chamber (3) to an inner diameter D of the chamber (3) is set in the range of 0.01-0.02. The lands on the wings of the rotors have chamfers.

Abstract: A conical-bottom silo, particularly suitable for small-sized pieces of plastic material with properties of high elasticity, includes a conical screw stirrer inserted axially in the conical bottom of the silo. The conical screw of the stirrer is discontinuous and divided into several sections. The silo has a structure for discharging the material arranged below an outlet port positioned laterally in relation to the stirrer and including two co-operating cylindrical screws. The stirrer can be provided with apertured grill outlets for heated, forced air.

Abstract: A multiple-shaft mixer/reactor with a large free usable volume which cleans itself kinematically consists of two or more parallel shafts (1) rotating in opposite directions, on which are mounted, helically offset, feed blades (2) which are connected to one other by axially extended kneading bars (3), and a surrounding casing (4) as well as optionally an inlet (5) and an outlet (6) for the material to be mixed.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparing rubber mixtures has a ram mixer for mixing rubber and non-reactive additives to form a rubber base mixture and a ramless mixer for finely dispersing the non-reactive additives within the rubber base mixture. The ramless mixer is positioned below the ram mixer and connected to the ram mixer such that the rubber base mixture is directly introduced into the ramless mixer for finely dispersing the non reactive additives. Accordingly, in a ram mixer a batch of rubber and non-reactive additives is mixed to form a rubber base mixture. The rubber base mixture is transferred into the ramless mixer. The ramless mixer serves to finely disperse the non-reactive additives within the rubber base mixture. The rubber mixture with the finally dispersed non-reactive additives is then conveyed to a second mixing stage. In the second mixing stage reactive additives are added and the rubber base mixture together with the reactive additives is finishing-mixed to form a finished rubber mixture.

Abstract: An apparatus for stirring and, respectively, or kneading dough includes a frame (1) into which a receptacle (17) for the dough to be treated can be carried in by chassis (22). In its carried-in position, the receptacle (17) can be lifted by a lifting device (23) into a position in which at least one tool (15) extends from above into the receptacle (17). Each tool (15) is disposed eccentrically with respect to the axis (42) of the receptacle (17) and is carried by a tool carrier (4) driven around the axis (42) by a drive (41). In additon thereto, a further drive (50) for the tools (15) is provided which are movable relative to the tool carrier (4). The tool carrier (4) is bearingly supported with its periphery on a collar (2) of the frame and closes the upper opening of the receptacle (17) in its lifted position like a cover. Thereby a particular intensive and continuous treatment of the dough in the receptacle (17) is obtained and the stresses on the receptacle (17) are reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed is an automatic breadmaker having a pan which is longer than it is wide. Such pan has a pair of pivot-mounted collapsible kneading members spaced horizontally along the bottom of the pan. Each kneading member is coupled to a separate drive shaft extending up through the pan bottom and both shafts are powered by a motor and drive linkage. For easy attachment to and removal from its drive shaft for washing, each kneading member has a hub which forms a grip member. The new breadmaker facilitates automatic preparation of a loaf of normal configuration, having a curved or "crown-like" risen topside extending along its length.

Abstract: An apparatus in which a glass rod is inserted into a spinning oven to perform spinning and glass fiber yarn is drawn out at a shutter located in the lower end of the spinning oven, comprising a timer for measuring a time from the start of heating of the glass rod inserted into the spinning oven until the fall of glass drops formed by the heating of the glass rod and a detector below the shutter for detecting the fall of the glass drops, for the purpose of automatically opening the shutter when a preset time of the timer is over and automatically closing the shutter by detection by the detector, thereby dispensing with a worker's monitoring of the spinning oven for opening and closing the shutter and preventing a danger of giving damage to the shutter and the spinning oven in the event of delayed shutter opening-closing timing.

Abstract: A method of constructing or reconstituting a shaft and paddle assembly for mixers and processors wherein radially aligned paddles on parallel shafts revolving at the same speed in the same direction of rotation both co-wipe and completely wipe the interior of the barrel of the mixer or processor which has a mixer chamber comprising interconnecting cylindrical bores. The co-wiping paddles are formed with paddle bores of a configuration comprising alternating lobular projections and root recesses, and arcuate corner portions on the lobular projections and root recesses. The arcuate corner portions of the projections are tangential to the arcuate corner portions of the root recesses. The shafts are formed with intermeshing matching projections and root recesses.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously processing viscous liquids and masses has axially parallel satellite shafts (23) disposed in a ring within a housing (4) and driven in the same direction which bear meshing processing means (24) and are driven by a central shaft (17) bearing central gearwheels (19; 20). Each satellite shaft (23) bears two axially spaced coaxial pairs of pinions (27; 34), one pinion (28; 36) of each pair of pinions engaging a central gearwheel (19; 20) and the other pinion (29; 35) engaging the internal toothing of an annular gear (5; 9) fixed on the housing. The toothings of the pinions (28, 29) of one pair of pinions (27) are formed with a module which results in an integral number of teeth on the central gearwheel (19) or on the internal toothing of the annular gear (5) from satellite shaft (23) to satellite shaft (23). The central shaft (17) is supported on the annular gears (9, 10) only via the central gearwheels (19, 20) and the pinions (28, 29; 35, 36).

Abstract: In a mixing kneader for carrying out mechanical, chemical and/or thermal processes, having at least two rotating shafts (5, 6) with their axes parallel, disk surfaces (21) with kneading bars (25) fitted to their periphery are to be provided at least on the one shaft designated as the main shaft (5). These kneading bars will be swept by a cleaning and/or kneading and transporting elements (7) which are fitted to the other shaft designated as a stripping shaft (6). In this arrangement, the kneading bars (25) of two neighboring disk surfaces (21) on the main shaft (5) maintain a mutual spacing (a), through which passes the cleaning and/or kneading and transporting element on the stripping shaft (6).

Abstract: The invention relates to disc reactors with a large free usable volume which are kinematically self-cleaning, consisting of two or more parallel counterrotating shafts, on which toothed discs with scrapers, which are distributed over their circumference, are disposed, and a surrounding housing. The toothed discs are arranged perpendicularly to the axes of rotation in planes which are echeloned one behind the other such that they mesh with one another.

Abstract: A multipurpose electric food mixing appliance specially adapted to mix and knead bread dough in combination with a blender device utilizes one power source to drive both the blender and the mixer. The appliance can sense when dough is properly kneaded and automatically shut itself off. A special dough hook/stator arrangement reduces drag on the motor and an upwardly extending cover maximizes the effective volume of the mixing receptacle. A special blender blade configuration increases the effectiveness of the blender.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing rubber mixtures, including a ram kneader for the master batch, and disposed therebelow a ram-less kneader that operates in a batch process and to which the master batch is supplied without intermediate storage thereof. To rapidly cool the master batch in the ram-less kneader and to be able to reliably and rapidly carry out the finish mixing process, only a portion of the active surface of the rotor of the ram-less kneader is provided with a surface wear protection layer. This layer is preferably provided only in the region of the active edges of the raised portions of the rotor, while the remaining portion of the active surface is free of such a wear protection layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for mixing plural flowable materials, for example liquids, is disclosed having a disk-shaped rotor connected to a rotating drive shaft and housed in a cylindrical chamber. The rotor has engraved on one or both faces a spiral-shaped groove to provide sufficient mixing turbulence and prevent unmixed solute from exiting the chamber. The chamber is defined by walls of two stationary end plates separated by an outer cylindrical barrel. When configured in multiple stages having a plurality of rotors connected with a single rotating drive shaft and housed in a plurality of axially arranged such chambers, a centrally-drilled passage intervening between chambers connects adjacent chambers. Additional solvent liquid is introduced at each mixing stage through a radially drilled passage. The materials to be mixed are confined to a narrow interstice between the rotor, adjacent walls and barrel, and pass in sequence from one chamber to the next.

Abstract: A continuously-operating kneading machine for food products includes a channel-shaped element along which the mixture is advanced and a plurality of kneading tools disposed in the channel-shaped element so that the product advancing along the channel-shaped element encounters them in succession. The kneading tools are rotatable about axes substantially transverse the direction of advance of product along the channel-shaped element.

Abstract: A method of constructing or reconstituting a shaft and paddle assembly for mixers and processors wherein radially aligned paddles on parallel shafts revolving at the same speed in the same direction of rotation both co-wipe and completely wipe the interior of the barrel of the mixer or processor which has a mixer chamber comprising interconnecting cylindrical bores. The co-wiping paddles are formed with paddle bores of a configuration comprising alternating lobular projections and root recesses, and arcuate corner portions on the lobular projections and root recesses. The arcuate corner portions of the projections are tangential to the arcuate corner portions of the root recesses. The shafts are formed with intermeshing matching projections and root recesses.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for producing a controllable, uniform conveying pressure for processing highly viscous, temperature sensitive rubber or thermoplastics material. The apparatus includes two rotating conveying elements that conjointly form a tooth-like sealing profile and that are arranged on respective shafts in a housing. The root circle diameters of the conveying elements more or less correspond to the diameters of the shaft sections axially adjacent to the conveying elements. For this reason, the radial end faces of the conveying elements are avoided and so are the difficult sealing problems which would otherwise be present at these end faces. The shaft sections adjacent the conveying elements guide and keep the toothed profiles in alignment with each other as they rotate to convey the material.

Abstract: A continuous kneading machine capable of achieving selfcleaning, improvement in kneading efficiency, and reduction in abrasion of paddles is provided. This continuous kneading machine is characterized in that sectional shape of one paddle in a section perpendicular to a rotation shaft is formed of n (where n is an integer, and n.gtoreq.2) pairs of major radius parts and minor radius parts which are alternately arranged with equal angle and formed by a gentle curve, and that sectional shape of another paddle is formed of m (where m is an integer, m.gtoreq.2, and n.noteq.m) pairs of major radius parts and minor radius parts which are formed by an escribed envelope curve drawn by rotation in cooperation with the one paddle, and in which rotation of another paddle is performed in a direction different from the one paddle at a different ratio of rotation frequency.

Abstract: In a mixer comprising a body defining a mixing chamber in which two rotors are rotatably mounted, a processability sensing system is disposed in a port in the body. The system is operative to monitor the flow and deformation characteristics of the material being mixed. It is connected to a feedback control loop which leads to a computerised control operative to control mixing characteristics. This enables mixing to be closely controlled to provide a better product.