Abstract: Cutting elements for earth-boring tools comprise a substrate including at least one material selected from the group consisting of CoCr, CoCrMo, CoCrW, and Ti. A polycrystalline superabrasive material may be attached to the substrate. Earth-boring tools comprise a body. At least one cutting element is attached to the body. The at least one cutting element comprises a substrate including at least one material selected from the group consisting of CoCr, CoCrMo, CoCrW, and Ti. A polycrystalline superabrasive material may be attached to the substrate. Methods of forming cutting elements for earth-boring tools comprise disposing a substrate including at least one material selected from the group consisting of CoCr, CoCrMo, CoCrW, and Ti in a container. Particles of superabrasive material may be disposed in the container. The particles of superabrasive material may be sintered with the substrate in the container to form a polycrystalline superabrasive material attached to the substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display module includes a liquid crystal module and a polarizer stacked with each other. The polarizer includes a polarizing layer, a transparent conductive layer and a number of driving-sensing electrodes. The polarizing layer and the transparent conductive layer stacked with each other. The transparent conductive layer is an anisotropic impedance layer having a relatively low impedance direction. An electrical conductivity of the anisotropic impedance layer on the relatively low impedance direction is greater than electrical conductivities of the anisotropic impedance layer on other directions. The number of driving-sensing electrodes are spaced from each other and arranged in a row along a direction substantially perpendicular to the relatively low impedance direction and electrically connected with the transparent conductive layer.

Abstract: Two different sets of electrodes in a touch sensitive device are formed to produce an electric field gradient from one end of the electrodes to the other end when opposite ends of the electrodes are driven with different voltages. A signal measuring cycle is performed by alternately driving the ends of one set of electrodes, while using the other set of electrodes to receive signals. The roles of the sets of electrodes are then reversed, such that the set that that was driven is now used to receive signals from the other set of electrodes. Reference signals may be obtained by driving both sides of one set of electrodes, and then both sides of the other set of electrodes. The signals obtained are then used to determine the touch position on the touch sensitive device.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a transparent substrate, a transparent conductive layer, and at least two electrodes. The transparent conductive layer is formed on a surface of the transparent substrate. The transparent conductive layer includes at least two carbon nanotube layers, and each carbon nanotube layer includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged along a same direction. The carbon nanotubes in two adjacent carbon nanotube layers are arranged along the same direction. The electrodes are electrically connected with the transparent conductive layer. Further, a display device using the touch panel is also included.

Abstract: A composition of matter for the recording medium of nanometer scale thermo-mechanical information storage devices and a nanometer scale thermo-mechanical information storage device. The composition includes: one or more polyaryletherketone polymers, each of the one or more polyaryletherketone polymers having two terminal ends, each terminal end having two or more phenylethynyl moieties. The one or more polyaryletherketone polymers are thermally cured and the resulting cross-linked polyaryletherketone resin used as the recording layers in atomic force data storage devices.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a substrate, a transparent conductive layer, and a number of electrodes. The substrate includes a first surface. The transparent conductive layer is formed on the first surface. The transparent conductive layer includes a number of carbon nanotube wires. Opposite ends of each carbon nanotube wire are electrically connected to electrodes. Furthermore, a display device using the touch panel is also provided.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a first conductive coating (23), a second conductive coating (24), a first wire (L1), a second wire (L2), a third wire (L3), a first switch element (233), and a second switch element (243). The first and second conductive coatings are opposite to each other. The first wire is electrically connected to a left edge of the first conductive coating. The second wire is electrically connected to a right edge of the first conductive coating via the first switch element, and is connected to a lower edge of the second conductive coating via the second switch element. The third wire is electrically connected to an upper edge of the second conductive coating. A method of driving the touch panel and a display utilizing the touch panel are also provided.

Abstract: A recording member cutting device for cutting a continuous recording material along a side of a plurality of cutting areas defined in the continuous recording material includes a nick cutting mechanism, and an area cutting mechanism. The nick cutting mechanism includes a first cutting unit configured to form a hole-shaped nick for each cutting area. Each nick is located outside the plurality of the cutting areas, on a downstream side of the corresponding cutting area in the conveying direction and on a line extending along one side of the corresponding cutting area. The one side is along the conveying direction. The area cutting mechanism includes a second cutting unit configured to insert into the nick. The second cutting unit cuts, when the nick has been formed, the continuous recording material along the one side from a position of the nick.

Abstract: A data sensing interface comprising a surface of a recording medium and a tip of a data sensor positioned to sense data stored on the recording medium and a layer of polyphenyl ether disposed between the tip and the surface to function as a lubricant. A method of reducing wear within the data sensing interface includes providing a layer of polyphenyl ether between the tip of the data sensor and the surface of the recording medium to act as a lubricant.

Abstract: A magnetic data storage system having a scanning tip array based system and a shape memory thin film-based data storage medium. Prior to storing data, the medium is in its non-ferromagnetic austenitic phase. Indentation stress locally induces martensitic transformation of the medium, which in turn generates a locally ferromagnetized surface. By measuring the magnetic force interaction between the tip and the medium surface, inscribed magnetic information can be read. The shape memory thin film enables the stress-induced local magnetic transition to provide a fast data storage system with high data storage density.

Abstract: A recording member cutting device for cutting a continuous recording material along a side of a plurality of cutting areas defined in the continuous recording material includes a nick cutting mechanism, and an area cutting mechanism. The nick cutting mechanism includes a first cutting unit configured to form a hole-shaped nick for each cutting area. Each nick is located outside the plurality of the cutting areas, on a downstream side of the corresponding cutting area in the conveying direction and on a line extending along one side of the corresponding cutting area. The one side is along the conveying direction. The area cutting mechanism includes a second cutting unit configured to insert into the nick. The second cutting unit cuts, when the nick has been formed, the continuous recording material along the one side from a position of the nick.

Abstract: A method for writing data to and/or reading data from locations on a surface via a tip comprises moving the tip between the locations on the surface. At each location, energy is selectively applied to the surface via the tip and the tip and the surface are selectively forced together in synchronization with the application of energy.

Abstract: A cantilever stylus with an integrally formed conical tip is provided for atomic force microscopy AFM. The method for forming a stylus includes forming a circular masking pattern on the surface of a silicon substrate and anisotropically etching the silicon to form a post under the masking pattern. The post is then isotropically etched to produce a conical silicon tip mold. In one embodiment of the invention the silicon substrate and the conical silicon tip mold are thermally oxidized to form a cantilever stylus having including a cantilever arm with a conical tip fixed to its free end. In another embodiment of the invention the silicon substrate and the conical silicon tip mold are coated with a thin film of a dielectric material to form a cantilever stylus with a conical tip. In this embodiment the backside of the stylus is coated with a conductive material and a strong electric field is applied to the tip to cause electromigration of the conductive material to the point of the tip.

Abstract: A stylus for tracking stereophonic and quadrophonic sound grooves in gramophone records is designed to resemble a cutting tool, but is provided with tracking or contact edges in lieu of cutting edges, the tracking edges being of a much longer radius of curvature than comparable cutting edges. A tip (1, 11, 21, 31) of the stylus (2, 12, 22, 32) has at least one substantially flat surface (5, 15, 29, 39) forming a leading front side of the stylus during tracking and has an isosceles triangular, trapezoidal or circular segment-shaped section bounded by tracking edges (6, 7; 16, 17; 26, 27; 36, 37) having a relatively long radius of 3 to 8 .mu.m.

Abstract: An arrangement is disclosed for cutting information into a record carrier made of metal, particularly of copper by means of a diamond, with the diamond body being adjusted for cutting under a canting angle and being ground in such a manner that, deviating from the prior art manner, the cutting edge does not coincide with a diamond zone of optimum hardness but deviates from the optimum position by an angle which is preferably equal to the canting angle.

Abstract: A stylus for a capacity change detection type disc system which reads information signals such as audio or video signals out of a track which is formed in a disc surface as an arrangement of pits corresponding to the information signals has a body portion which is made of a diamond. Argon plus ions are implanted in the stylus body portion from the surface of the diamond portion to graphitize the diamond to provide a conductive layer which serves as a detecting electrode portion. The graphitizing rate is highest at the surface portion of the electrode portion which consists of the formed conductive layer. The graphitizing rate changes from the surface portion toward a portion remote from the surface portion, where the graphitizing rate is lowest, with a variation rate smaller than that of the graphitizing rate which would result from a single implantation of ions into the diamond.

Abstract: An information generating stylus to regenerate an information signal on a stylus base on which an electrode is applied as a variance of electrostatic capacity in conjunction with a running disc recording medium in which the information signal is recorded as a variance in a geometrical shape and a manufacturing method thereof, which comprises forming a prism with a part of the side on which said electrode is provided working as one side therefor on a tip of the conical or pyramidal stylus base with the electrode formed on one side, forming a sliding face with the disc recording medium on a tip of the prism.

Abstract: A head for recording an information signal in and reproducing the same from a semiconductor recording medium comprises an electrode stylus for recording and reproducing recording information by relatively sliding on the semiconductor recording medium, the recording information being recorded and reproduced through the electrode stylus, and a nonconductive supporting substrate, provided on the side surface of the electrode stylus, for supporting the electrode stylus. A hardness of the electrode stylus is lower than a hardness of a surface medium which constitutes the semiconductor recording medium and is higher than a hardness of the supporting substrate.

Abstract: An oxidation resistant soldering compound is deposited in a bore formed on an end of a ceramic shank. A diamond grain is placed in the bore of the shank and heated at an elevated temperature in a vacuum to solder the diamond with the ceramic shank. The soldered diamond and ceramic body are lapped into the shape of a stylus. The stylus is subsequently placed in an environment containing a small amount of oxygen and heated at a temperature lower than the solidus temperature of the soldering compound to convert the surface area of the diamond into a conductive layer of carbon which is lapped into an elongated form to serve as a stylus electrode.

Abstract: A diamond body is heated in an environment of vacuum or inert gas containing a small amount of oxygen at a predetermined elevated temperature to allow the carbon atoms of the surface areas to form a layer of graphite on the diamond body. The diamond body is then lapped so that the graphite layer is shaped into the form of a stylus electrode.

Abstract: An information generating stylus to regenerate an information signal on a stylus base on which an electrode is applied as a variance of electrostatic capacity in conjunction with a running disc recording medium in which the information signal is recorded as a variance in a geometrical shape and a manufacturing method thereof, which comprises forming a prism with a part of the side on which said electrode is provided working as one side therefor on a tip of the conical or pyramidal stylus base with the electrode formed on one side, forming a sliding face with the disc recording medium on a tip of the prism.

Abstract: A stylus assembly for cutting information in a recording medium comprises a stylus having a leading face; a mount comprising a bar having a groove extending in a face of the bar generally parallel to the length dimension of the bar. The stylus is received in the groove such that the leading face of the stylus is oriented away from the groove and slightly projects therebeyond in its entirety.

Abstract: A reproducing stylus for a record having a sound groove, said stylus formed by removing front and back portions of its contact area with the sound groove to obtain an edge line portion having an orientation perpendicular to the direction of record travel and a width d where the effective radius of curvature of the stylus tip is approximately 1/2 d. The edge line portion is formed by reciprocally moving and grinding the tip on a grinding groove.

Abstract: A pickup stylus is secured to a plastic stylus holder at one end thereof by inserting it into the holder in a direction that bears a desired, non-perpendicular angle in respect of the longitudinal axis of the stylus holder. The one end of the stylus holder is provided with a surface which is disposed at right angles to the direction of stylus insertion into the holder in order to reduce the possibility of stylus misalignment and mislocation. The stylus holder has a cutout which is shaped and dimensioned such that the resonance frequency of the stylus holder is located near the upper end of the audible frequency range. The stylus holder, which has these and other features, is not only simple and inexpensive, but also has the desired performance characteristics.

Abstract: A stylus suitable for use with a video disc player of a type in which signals representing changes in electrostatic capacity with respect to a video disc are detected, including a scanning surface brought into contact with the video disc for scanning same, a plurality of inclined surfaces, and a plurality of ridges formed by the inclined surfaces. At least one of several meeting points of the plurality of ridges located in a direction in which scanning is performed is chamfered to render the point blunt. A stylus of the aforesaid shape is produced by a grinding method consisting in using a grinder pan composed of a plate of soft resin having a coat of hard material applied to its surface and forcing a forward end of a stylus against such grinding pan.

Abstract: For detection of signals recorded in the form of minute pits along tracks as capacitance variations, a record stylus is disclosed as comprising a shank having a portion of cross-sectional area decreasing toward one end of the stylus. A diamond, partially embedded in the shank, has a decreasing cross-sectional area toward said end of the stylus as a continuation of the decreasing cross-section of the shank. The bottom and rear face of the diamond are inclined so that the adjacent angle therebetween is smaller than 90 degrees. An electrode attached to the rear face of the diamond extends from the bottom of the diamond toward the other end of the stylus. The electrode is thus inclined in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the recording medium to provide less concentration of electric lines of force on the rear bottom edge thereof.

Abstract: An electrostatic capacitance type pickup stylus for use on an information storage disc comprises a crystal of diamond including a sliding face for slidable contact with the information storage disc, an electrode face supporting thereon a conductive electrode layer for detecting signals on the information storage disc as changes in electrostatic capacitance, a pair of first and second angularly spaced back faces adjoining the electrode face, and a pair of first and second angularly spaced guide faces adjoining each other and the first and second back faces, respectively.

Abstract: A reproducing stylus traces a track of a recording medium, in which track an information signal is recorded as variations of geometrical shape, and reproduces as variations in capacitance the information signal thus recorded. The reproducing stylus comprises a reproducing stylus main structure having a tip part with a flat sliding contact face for slidingly contacting at least one track of the recording medium at a time, and an electrode secured to the reproducing stylus main structure at the tip part thereof and adapted to trace one track and reproduce the information signal as the variations in capacitance in accordance with the variations in geometrical shape. The electrode has over a specific distance over the tip part of the stylus main structure from the extreme tip thereof, a width in the width direction of the track which is less than said width of the track. The extreme tip of the electrode having a flat or linear tip end contacting the track.

Abstract: A reproducing stylus traces a track of a recording medium, in which track an information signal is recorded as variations of geometrical shape, and reproduces as variations in capacitance the information signal thus recorded. The reproducing stylus comprises a reproducing stylus main structure having a tip portion with a sliding contact face for slidingly contacting at least one track of the recording medium, and an electrode disposed on the reproducing stylus main structure to trace one track and reproduce the information signal as the variations in capacitance in accordance with the variations in geometrical shape. The electrode has an end edge and side edges. The side edges are substantially parallel at least in the vicinity of the tip portion of the reproducing stylus main structure. The sliding contact face has a leading part and a trailing part respectively at the foremost end and the rearmost end in a relative sliding direction of the sliding contact face on the recording medium.

Abstract: A capacitance detection type record stylus comprises a conductive shank and a diamond partially embedded in the shank so that the diamond projects downwardly from one end of the shank. The shank is formed with a bottom face for making slidable contact with the disk record. The shank and diamond are formed with a pair of common rear faces inclined with respect to the axis of the stylus to define an electrode forming face therebetween which extends from the bottom face of the diamond partially into the shank. The electrode forming face is inclined at an acute angle with respect to the axis so that the lower end of the electrode forming face is located at a point forward with respect to the upper end thereof and subtends at the lower end thereof at such an angle that the diamond can be lapped without causing defects to occur on the lapped surfaces.

Abstract: A diamond body is irradiated with a pulsed laser beam in an environment containing a small amount of oxygen to convert the carbon atoms of the diamond into a conductive layer which serves as a stylus electrode. The conversion process may be preceded by a process in which the diamond body is placed in an environment containing a large amount of oxygen and irradiated with the laser beam to carbonate the irradiated area to form a groove so that the electrode can be formed on the bottom of the groove. This prevents the electrode from being damaged when the stylus pitches as it moves on the record surface.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave recording device is constructed for use in recording video signals in the surface of a master substrate. The device includes a pyramidal-shaped tip having a plurality of transducer electrodes for launching surface acoustic waves on the surfaces of the device structure. Surface acoustic waves launched from the plurality of transducers are focused at the apex of the record device. A stylus, for example, of diamond, affixed to the apex of the pyramidal structure vibrates in consonance with the signal to be recorded to cut the video signals into the surface of the master substrate.

Abstract: A pickup stylus comprises a diamond stylus body having a rough surface and a conductive coating deposited onto said rough surface. The rough surface is made by ion bombardment process.The pickup stylus is useful for information playback in video and/or audio disc system.

Abstract: A keel-tipped stylus has a constricted terminal portion which is mounted on narrow shoulders which is in turn mounted on wide shoulders. The keel-tipped stylus is formed from a V-shaped stylus which engages into a spiral groove formed in an abrasive lapping disc. As the lapping disc rotates, the V-shaped stylus runs along the groove to lap the constricted terminal portion together with the narrow and wide shoulders.

Abstract: A playback stylus for a capacitive information disc comprising a shank, a dielectric material at one end of the shank, a first conical region of a first angle in an end portion of the dielectric material, a second conical region adjacent to the first conical region of a second angle less than the first angle, and an information recovering terminal region in the first conical region for recovering information recorded in an information track of a capacitive information disc.

Abstract: A playback stylus comprising a dielectric support element having a conical end, two flats in the conical end, and a constricted terminal portion defined by side surfaces, shoulders interconnecting the side surfaces and the flats, a prow defined by a first region between the flats, a second region remote from the prow and a disc engaging surface defined by the prow, side surfaces, and the second region.

Abstract: A capacitive information disc playback stylus comprising a dielectric support element having in one portion a conical body terminating in a constricted tip. The tip comprises a curved prow surface, a flat electrode surface remote from the prow, shoulders joining the constricted tip to the conical body, and side surfaces which join the prow and the flat surface. The side surfaces, the flat surface, and the prow surface define the edges of a disc-engaging surface.

Abstract: A playback stylus adapted for use in recovering information recorded in an information disc record which acts as a first conductive plate of a capacitor. The stylus includes a body of a first dielectric material having a first dielectric constant, a first layer of a second dielectric material having a dielectric constant less than the first dielectric constant overlaying the body, a second conductive layer overlaying the second dielectric material which acts as a second conductive plate of a capacitor, and a third layer of a dielectric material having a dielectric constant less than the first dielectric constant overlaying the conductive layer.

Abstract: A stylus for tracking a stereophonic or quadraphonic sound groove that consists of a mounting part and a taper. The tracking edges of the taper is V-shaped and has a rounded tip. The two ground sections which form this edge are symmetrical and run convex for optimum playback.

Abstract: A diamond body is heated in an environment of vacuum of inert gas containing a small amount of oxygen at a predetermined elevated temperature to allow the carbon atoms of the surface areas to form a layer of graphite on the diamond body. The diamond body is then lapped so that the graphite layer is shaped into the form of a stylus electrode.

Abstract: A capacitance detection type record stylus comprises a body of artificial diamond having flat faces lying parallel to the crystal planes {111} and {100} wherein adjoining identical crystal planes are either {111} or {100}. A crystal plane {110} is formed between any two of the adjoining identical crystal planes by lapping the edge between them. A conductive material is deposited on the crystal plane {110} to form an electrode for detecting signals recorded as geometric variations on a recording medium. Because of the aligned carbon atoms beneath the crystal plane {110}, a substantial amount of the conductive material penetrates deeply into the diamond making the electrode resistant to wear.

Abstract: A cylindrical diamond body is shaped to form a truncated conical portion. A conductive layer is deposited on the diamond body extending from the truncated end to the other end of the body. The conical portion of the body with the conductive layer being attached thereto is lapped to remove portions of the layer and the diamond body to form a pair of substantially flat surfaces extending from the truncated end toward the opposite end leaving the conductive layer to form a narrow width electrode for picking just one information signal stored in the form of minute pits along a spiral track or concentric tracks.

Abstract: A technique for manufacturing a uniform configuration for at least two video disc styli, each stylus having a shank and a tip at one end of the shank, comprising the step of attaching an edge of a first plate of shank material to one edge of a strip of tip material different from the shank material, the strip having a face thereof oriented along a predetermined crystallographic plane. The strip is cut into the individual tips while the plate remains attached to the strip. The plate is then separated into the individual shanks to form the separate styli, whereby the orientation of the crystallographic plane with respect to the shank is uniform for all styli.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming a pick-up stylus having a record engaging edge located at a predetermined angle with respect to an electrically conductive surface. Two identical jewel elements each having a flat surface, joined together along their flat surfaces. The forward end of the joined work product is ground to a conical tip and the work product is then separated into the two elements each now having a semi-conical tip. A pair of flats are gound on each tip on opposite sides of the semi-cone apex. The flats extend from the previously joined flat surface and intersect each other along an edge which defines the predetermined angle with the previously joined flat surface.

Abstract: An improved information storage and playback system comprising a playback stylus and a disc record. The information is recorded in the surface of the disc record and there is relative motion between the disc and the playback stylus during recovery of the recorded information. The stylus is fabricated out of a dielectric support material and contacts the record disc surface during the recovery of the information. The improvement comprises employing a playback stylus whose dielectric support material is single crystal magnesium aluminate spinel. The spinel composition comprises a ratio of MgO to Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 of from about 1:1 to about 1:2.5.

Abstract: A stylus for tracking a stereophonic or quadraphonic sound groove that consists of a mounting part and a taper. The tracking edges of the taper is V-shaped and has a rounded tip. The two ground sections which form this edge are symmetrical and run convex for optimum playback.

Abstract: A stylus for detecting signals as electrostatic capacitance variations of the information recorded in the form of geometric variations on a disc record comprises a diamond body and a stylus electrode attached to one surface of the body which makes contact with the disc record. The electrode extends downward to the plane of the contact face of the diamond body to detect the recorded information. The crystallographic orientations of the diamond body are such that the contact face is inclined at a predetermined angle to a crystallographic plane having the tendency to wear substantially at the same rate as the wearing rate of the electrode at its downward tip so that the electrode keeps contact with the record surface for a long period of use.

Abstract: A stylus tip is fabricated from a portion of a synthetic diamond stone having a plurality of facets oriented along the {100} family of planes. The portion is bounded by a right circular cylinder having a base thereof centered along one of the {100} facets having a surface area larger than the average surface area of the {100} facets, and having a base diameter and height equal to about half the width of the one facet.

Abstract: An improved method for fabricating a diamond video disc playback stylus. The method comprises the steps of preparing a bottom surface which contacts the video disc and producing a conductive layer adjacent to the bottom surface by ion implantation. The improvement lies in annealing the diamond at about 850.degree. to about 1500.degree. C.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave (SAW) pickup and record stylus is constructed from an elongated substrate which supports the propagation of SAW. The substrate is tapered to a tip at one end and a fan-shaped interdigital electrode structure having curved fingers is formed thereon. During operation in the pickup mode a beam of SAW is focused to the tip of the stylus which is arranged in contact with a record medium. During playback, the beam reflected by the record medium generates a signal in the interdigital electrode of the stylus representative of the acoustic conditions at the stylus tip and, correspondingly, of the information recorded on the record medium surface. In the record mode the stylus is brought into contact with a record medium. During recording, the input power applied to the interdigital electrode is increased to effect a deformation of the surface of the record medium representative of the information to be recorded.