Abstract: A recording and/or reproducing apparatus for discs includes a housing unit housing a large number of discs, a recording and/or reproducing unit on which one of the discs held within a large number of disc holders provided in the housing unit is selectively loaded, and a transporting mechanism for transporting the disc held within a selected one of the holders of the housing unit to the recording and/or reproducing unit. The disc transporting mechanism detects whether or not the disc is held in the holder. A detection switch is activated when no disc is present in the holder. The housing unit includes a plurality of the holders positioned radially such that the disc surfaces are held upright. The selected disc held in the holder of the disc transporting mechanism is transported by the transporting mechanism in the upright position to the disc reproducing unit and loaded therein.

Abstract: A p-channel MOS transistor is connected in series to a floating gate n-channel MOS transistor forming a memory cell, so that the p-channel MOS transistor functions as the load of the memory cell. The operational characteristic of the p-channel MOS transistor determines the data-writing current of the memory cell. Hence, hardly any change occurs in the data-writing current, even if the operation characteristic of the memory cell changes. A semiconductor memory includes memory cells constituted by floating gate n-channel MOS transistors. The memory further includes a data-reading, column-selecting circuit comprising n-channel MOS transistors, and a data-writing, column-selecting circuit comprising p-channel MOS transistors. By way of the above structure, the data-writing voltage can be prevented from being lowered.