Abstract: The invention relates to a computer system capable of automatically duplicating data into discs with automatically blank-disc-supplying. The invention can be implemented by software, hardware, or any of the combinations. Since the invention does not utilize a mechanical arm to move the discs, the structure of the invention saves space compared with a traditional disc duplicating machine; moreover, the cost is less than that of the prior art.

Abstract: Information to be stored is input to a plurality of information carrier storage means that interact with each other. A unit amount of information carriers is added to a position selected from the information carrier storage means, and nonlinear diffusion of information carriers is executed from the selected information carrier storage means to its neighboring information carrier storage means, and at the same time, nonlinear dissipation is executed from the information carrier storage means. At that time, the dissipation amount is determined so that the amount adding the difference between the amount of addition and the amount of dissipation to the input representation does not exceed a predetermined threshold value. When equilibrium is confirmed as a result of judgement whether changes in amount of information carriers of each information carrier storage means has become small or not, the amount of information carriers stored in the information carrier storage means is output as a numerical value.

Abstract: A driving device in which when a cartridge is inserted with a correct orientation, a retainer protrusion of a drawing-in member engages a retainer recess of the cartridge, so that a sliding shaft of the drawing-in member slides along a guide surface to draw in the cartridge. When the cartridge is inserted with a reversed orientation, the drawing-in member is pushed sideways, so that the sliding shaft slides along a relief guide portion at the exterior side of the guide plate, causing the drawing-in member to be driven in the X1 direction. Since the drawing-in member is driven along the relief guide portion, locking of the mechanism does not occur. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent locking of a mechanism, which occurs when the cartridge is inserted with a wrong orientation, and the drawing-in member, which is not retained by the cartridge, is driven in the drawing-in direction, in a disk device in which a drawing-in member is used to draw in a cartridge of, for example, a mini-disk.

Abstract: In a disk loading apparatus of the present invention, a tray storage section for storing in a stacked manner a plurality of trays on which a tray is to be placed is disposed in the front side of the apparatus, and a reproduction device is disposed in the back side of the disk loading apparatus. A tray at the lowest position among the trays stacked in the tray storage section is transferred to a reproduction position by a tray driving mechanism which is operated by a single driving source. A disk which has been reproduced is returned onto a tray at the highest position in the tray storage section so that the stacked trays are sequentially circulated between the tray storage section and the reproduction device.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes first and second MOS transistors connecting a pair of data lines with a specific potential supplying node. A power transmitting circuit couples the specific potential supplying node with a power supply circuit of an equalizing potential after said first and second switching elements are made conductive. The power transmitting circuit isolates the specific potential supplying node from the power supply circuit when the equalization begins. As an alternative to the power transmitting circuit, a supplying circuit may be connected to supply a precharge potential to the specific potential supplying node when the equalization begins, and supply an equalizing potential to the specific potential supplying node when the switching elements are both turned on.

Abstract: A drive arrangement effects movement of a disk conveying portion to a plurality of first positions and to a second position relative to a case and a rotatable turntable. The drive arrangement includes a driving gear, a slide member having a gear portion engaging the driving gear, and a movable slide plate engaged by the slide member, the slide plate having a stepwise cam portion which effects movement of the disk conveying portion between its positions. The disk conveying portion has two rotatable rollers which can engage an edge of a disk in the case when the disk conveying portion is in one of its first positions, and which rotate in order to extract the disk. As the disk conveying portion moves to its second position, the disk supported by the rollers moves to the turntable, and a clamp member is moved from a retracted position to a clamping position to hold the disk against the turntable, after which the rollers are disengaged from the disk.

Abstract: A record load-unload device has a curved guide device which engages the periphery of a record being inserted into and removed from said load-unload device. A friction drive member engages the edge of the record, and a drive device moves the record along the guide device for inserting and removing a record into and out of the load-unload device.

Abstract: A transfer arm includes a magnet which can be placed in alignment with the spindle aperture of a recording disc. A spindle is mounted to a support at a stacking station for receiving the aperture of the disc on the transfer arm when the disc is released. The extended tip of the spindle includes a swivel member made of magnetic material which is placed in alignment with the disc aperture by the magnetic field produced by the magnet. The disc is then released from the arm at the stacking station and slips over the aligned swivel tip onto the spindle for stacking.