Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, a system for securely delivering source data to a destination system over a network includes a data manager system operatively connected to the network, where the data manager system includes circuitry configured to receive a public key from the destination system, generate a random session key, encrypt the session key with the public key using a public key cryptosystem, divide the source data into a number of chunks, compress each of the chunks, merge all of the compressed chunks into an assembled file, encrypt the assembled file with the session key using a symmetric-key cryptosystem, divide the encrypted assembled file into a number of parts, send each of the parts to the destination system over the network, and send the encrypted session key to the destination system over the network.

Abstract: Mechanisms are provided for “direct mode” (in-band) performance loss measurement in computer networks where packet loss is measured directly in the data plane using techniques based on ECMP paths. Counters on each of an ingress node and an egress node are configured by a network controller to count traffic for indicators associated with different equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) paths through a network between ingress and egress nodes. Each indicator is toggled on or off during a measurement interval during which traffic is measured by the traffic counters on the ingress and egress nodes for each ECMP path. The traffic counters (measured in bytes/packets) from the ingress and egress nodes are sent via event driven telemetry to the network controller for performance loss measurement determination.

Abstract: A method and a VPN server for VPN route optimization are described. The VPN server establishes a first VPN connection with a first client device and a second VPN connection with a second client device. The VPN server determines that the first and second client devices are part of a same local network; and responsive to determining that the first and the second client devices are part of the same local network, transmits, to the first client device through the first VPN connection, a second public network address of the second client device, and to the second client device through the second VPN connection, a first public network address of the first client device. The transmission of the first and second public network addresses causes the first client device to determine an optimal route from the first client device to the second client device for the traffic in the VPN.

Abstract: Techniques for implementing neighbor equivalence groups on a network device are provided, where a neighbor equivalence group is a group of peers of the network device that communicate identical control plane state information for a given network protocol to the network device. In the context of Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), these techniques can include (1) creating, by the network device, a neighbor equivalence group for a set of BGP peers that advertise the same BGP paths to the device, (2) maintaining, by the network device, a single path database for the neighbor equivalence group (rather than one path database for each BGP peer in the group), and (3) immediately processing by the network device, BGP path update/withdrawal messages received from any of the BGP peers in the group against the single path database, without waiting for the same message to be received from every peer.

Abstract: Examples include generating a Precision Time Protocol (PTP) packet for a first nexthop in an Equal Cost Multi-Path set and sending the PTP packet to the first nexthop. Examples also include receiving a response from the first nexthop that identifies a time delay associated with a route to the first nexthop and updating the ECMP based on the time delay.

Abstract: A network path optimization method includes: in response to a network access request, computing and sending an optimal path having a path code and carrying a path parameter; adding a path tag to the optimal path based on a real path; determining a parameter variation between the optimal path and the real path based on the path parameter and the path tag; and updating the optimal path and the path parameter based on the parameter variation.

Abstract: A network device may receive, from client devices, route information for one or more sets of routes. The network device may provide, based on receiving the route information, a request for route distribution instructions, which may cause a server device to provide the network device with the route distribution instructions. The network device may process the route distribution instructions to identify the one or more subsets of the route information that are to be distributed amongst network devices that are configured with route reflection capabilities. The network device may provide, using route reflection capabilities, the one or more subsets of the route information to the network devices based on the route distribution instructions. The network devices may use the one or more subsets of the route information and route copy instructions to generate route copy information for the one or more subsets of route information.

Abstract: A method for determining a path computation element and a communications device are provided, where location information and transmission capability information of a PCE are carried in a route advertisement message and are advertised to a PCC, so that the PCC can select, according to the transmission capability information of the PCE in the route advertisement message, a PCE that meets a transmission capability of the PCC, to perform path computation; therefore, a problem that a transmission capability mismatch between the PCC and the PCE causes a failure in establishing a PCEP session is avoided.

Abstract: Techniques are provided that leverage inband metadata techniques for use in a mobile core network in order to create relevant third generation 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) control plane interfaces between virtual control plane and virtual user plane elements that can be used to instruct the virtual entities to perform various functions, collect telemetry and other data from the virtual entities and signal maintenance messages between control plane and user plane entities. One control plane interface can be used to perform holistic performance analysis functionalities and identify the better performing path and accordingly use primary path and warm paths for control plane exchanges.

Abstract: A system can include a network analysis platform that applies performance models to determine if a load imbalance exists at a cell, such as at a base station. The performance models are pre-trained based on network telemetry data. For a session at a cell, an expected load can be compared to an actual load to determine whether the session is impacted by a load imbalance. If the number of impacted sessions exceeds a threshold, the base station can be highlighted on a GUI. Additionally, the network analysis platform can perform root cause analysis of a victim cell based on session handoff analysis to determine how to decrease the imbalance impacts.

Abstract: Systems and methods providing a route optimization mechanism for transmitting data traffic across different autonomous systems based on real-time route performance detection. Regarding a request for routing data between a source node that is coupled to a first autonomous system and a destination node located in a second autonomous system, each of a plurality of edge nodes in the first autonomous system operates to detect and evaluate real-time route performance. The evaluation results are compared and used to select an edge node and an associated link for transporting data between the source node and the destination node. The route optimization mechanism can be adopted in an SDN-based or other virtual network autonomous system.

Abstract: Systems and methods for building routing tables for use in a data center network are provided. A switch is arranged in a network environment having a plurality of switches. The switch includes a plurality of inward-directed ports configured for direct connection with a plurality of servers and a plurality of outward-directed ports configured for direct connection with a subset of the plurality of switches. The switch also includes a processor configured to generate a Routing Table (RT) in an RT build process and to create a Forwarding Table (FT) for forwarding packets when the RT build process is complete. The outward-directed ports are configured to forward packets to one or more switches of the subset of switches according to the RT. The FT includes at least a Shortest Path (SP) route and one or more Off-Shortest Path (OSP) routes for forwarding the packets to the one or more switches.

Abstract: A method for operating a control unit, in particular for a motor vehicle, the control unit including at least one execution unit for executing task programs, a first task program and a second task program being executed at least intermittently, the first task program providing data for the second task program at the end of a first predefined time interval, wherein a transfer of the data from the first task program to the second task program only takes place after a particular last execution of the first task program within a predefined second time interval for the execution of the second task program, the second time interval being longer than the first time interval.

Abstract: A method in a node is disclosed. The method comprises determining (1304) a first route from a first source node (505 A) to a destination (510), the first route comprising one or more relay nodes (515, 615). The method comprises determining (1308) an energy-harvesting routing metric, the energy-harvesting routing metric for use in determining a second route from a second source node (505B) to the destination (510). The method comprises determining (1312) the second route from the second source node (505B) to the destination (510), the determined second route comprising one or more relay nodes (515, 615) selected to maximize the determined energy-harvesting routing metric.

Abstract: Techniques are described for providing logical networking functionality for managed computer networks, such as for virtual computer networks provided on behalf of users or other entities. In some situations, a user may configure or otherwise specify a network topology for a virtual computer network, such as a logical network topology that separates multiple computing nodes of the virtual computer network into multiple logical sub-networks and/or that specifies one or more logical networking devices for the virtual computer network. After a network topology is specified for a virtual computer network, logical networking functionality corresponding to the network topology may be provided in various manners, such as without physically implementing the network topology for the virtual computer network. In some situations, the computing nodes may include virtual machine nodes hosted on one or more physical computing machines or systems, such as by or on behalf of one or more users.

Abstract: A wireless sensor network node selection that efficiently manages active nodes using a Tabu heuristic coupled with minimum spanning tree routing protocol (TNS-MST) is presented. Nodal energy consumption is balanced to ensure all nodes are operating at the same energy level. To balance the energy consumption, nodes with high energy depletion are removed from routing by placing on them a Tabu list, which prevents the most used nodes, such as nodes close to a base station, from draining before their neighbors. The nodes in the Tabu lists are dynamically active according to the energy level of neighboring nodes. The Tabu list combined with Minimum Spanning Tree routing protocol, TNS-MST, greatly increases network lifetime by optimally balancing the energy of the sensor nodes.

Abstract: An advancement over previous techniques using only certain out-of-band probe PDUs to determine loss. Packet loss statistics for a SD-WAN overlay path can be calculated for every packet transmitted by one endpoint and every packet received at the other endpoint. The roles of the positions of circular buffers can be periodically rotated from active to pre-stable to stable to post-stable. Counters in the active role can be incremented whenever a packet is transmitted. A position identifier can indicate which counter to increment when the packet is received. Counters in positions that are stable can be used to produce loss statistics for the SD-WAN overlay path.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method for a managed forwarding element that processes packets through a set of packet processing tables by matching rules in the tables. The method receives an update that requires modification to at least one of the packet processing tables. Each rule in the packet processing tables is assigned a range of packet processing table versions in which the rule is valid for processing packets. The method modifies the packet processing tables according to the received update by at least one of (i) modifying the range of packet processing table versions in which an existing rule is valid to end after a current packet processing table version and (ii) adding a new rule with a range of valid packet processing table versions that begins with a next packet processing table version. The method increments the current version of the packet processing tables to commit the modifications.

Abstract: A method for routing communication traffic in a network includes detecting that a link in a parallel link configuration has failed and, in response, adjusting one or more metrics associated with other links in the parallel link configuration to indicate that none of the links in the parallel configuration are available. A router connected to a direct link in a parallel link configuration including one or more other routers connected to one or more indirect links, respectively, includes a memory storing configuration parameters specifying a minimum number of links required to be operational in the parallel link configuration and an artificially high cost, and a link metric adjustment module operable to set a metric of the direct link to the artificially high cost until the minimum number of required links are operational after startup of the router or failure and reactivation of the direct link.

Abstract: Various approaches for allocating resources to an application having multiple application components, with at least one executing one or more functions, in a serverless service architecture include identifying multiple routing paths, each routing path being associated with a same function service provided by one or more containers or serverless execution entities; determining traffic information on each routing path and/or a cost, a response time and/or a capacity associated with the container or serverless execution entity on each routing path; selecting one of the routing paths and its associated container or serverless execution entity; and causing a computational user of the application to access the container or serverless execution entity on the selected routing path and executing the function(s) thereon.

Abstract: Novel tools and techniques might provide for implementing combined broadband and wireless self-organizing network (“SON”) for provisioning of services. In some embodiments, a computing system might receive, from one or more first sensors and one or more second sensors, first operational states of fixed broadband network nodes and second operational states of wireless network nodes, respectively. The computing system might analyze the received first and second operational states, might determine an optimal network pathway and/or an optimal network backhaul pathway, and might establish the optimal network pathway and/or the optimal network backhaul pathway, through a determined combination of fixed and wireless network nodes, thereby implementing the combined broadband and wireless self-organizing network (“SON”) for provisioning of services.

Abstract: Techniques proactively deploy analytics to a computerized edge device. The techniques involve receiving data from the edge device. The data is conveyed through the edge device from a set of sensors disposed at a particular location. The techniques further involve performing analytics on the data to identify a set of edge device rules that defines a set of actions for the edge device to carry out under a set of predefined conditions potentially sensed by the set of sensors. The techniques further involve providing a command to the edge device. The command (i) includes the set of edge device rules and (ii) directs the edge device to, at a future time, start operating according to the set of edge device rules to protect against unsuccessful deployment of the command to the edge device due to subsequent delayed communication between the processing circuitry and the edge device.

Abstract: Systems and methods reduce delivery delay jitter in a delivery network. A processor identifies a plurality of routes between an originating node and a destination node. Each route has a respective mean delivery delay time and a respective delivery delay jitter. The processor solves a convex optimization problem for a plurality of values of delivery delay, thereby yielding a plurality of solutions. Each solution represents a corresponding allocation of traffic among the plurality of routes. Each allocation of traffic has a corresponding mean delivery delay time and a corresponding mean delivery delay jitter. The processor selects, from the plurality of solutions, a selected solution, which has a mean delivery delay jitter less than the delivery delay jitter of any route of the plurality of routes. Traffic is automatically distributed over the plurality of routes according to the allocation of traffic that corresponds to the selected solution.

Abstract: At least one bandwidth-guaranteed segment routing (SR) path through a network is determined by: (a) receiving, as input, a bandwidth demand value; (b) obtaining network information; (c) determining a constrained shortest multipath (CSGi); (d) determining a set of SR segment-list(s) (Si=[sl1i, sl2i . . . slni]) a that are needed to steer traffic over CSGi; and (e) tuning the loadshares in Li, using Si and the per segment-list loadshare (Li=[l1i, l2i . . . lni]), the per segment equal cost multipath (“ECMP”), and the per link residual capacity, such that the bandwidth capacity that can be carried over CSGi is maximized.

Abstract: A data delivery service of a service provider may receive respective job specifications for different data transfer jobs between computing infrastructure collections (e.g., data centers). A job specification for a data transfer job may include an amount of data to be transferred for the data transfer job, one or more destinations of data transfers for the data transfer job, and/or one or more flexibility parameters for successful transfer of the data for the data transfer job (e.g., a deadline to transfer the data, available data delivery techniques). The data delivery service may determine a schedule for performing different data transfer jobs between two or more infrastructures based on an analysis of the amount of data to be transferred for each job, the destinations of the data transfer for each job, the flexibility parameters for each job (e.g., included in the respective job specifications), and the connectivity between computing infrastructure collections.

Abstract: A method for solving an under-determined inverse problem or network inference/tomography problem in per-flow size, delay, loss and throughput inference in a computer network, through a system is presented. The method includes the following steps, which are not necessarily in order. First, establishing the computer network having a plurality of nodes wherein the per-flow size, the delay, the loss and the throughput inference are unknown. An original observation or routing matrix determines how flows are appeared on the links and construct the measurements. Next, performing a learning phase to obtain an optimal observation matrix or pseudo-optimal observation matrix. After that, performing a computer controller adaptive measurement and inference phase to estimate the set of unknowns using the measurement quantities, and a function of one of the set consisting of: the optimal observation matrix, the original observation matrix, or both.

Abstract: A node maps end-user bearers to backhaul bearers in an adaptation layer. The node maps a plurality of end-user bearers to backhaul bearers in consideration of QoS classes for the end-user bearers and a distance from the node to a destination relay node for each of the plurality of end-user bearers, such that at least one of the backhaul bearers carries end-user bearers with different QoS classes and different distances to the destination relay node. The distance from the node to the destination relay node for at least one of the end-user bearers may be considered in terms of a number of remaining hops from the node to the destination relay node and/or in terms of an estimated end-to-end delay from the node to the destination relay node.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for managing content delivery in a packetized network. The network provide content to a plurality of clients via a plurality of nodes. A security threat associated with one of the nodes is detected and in response the host uses border gateway protocol to communicate non-forwarding table information informing one or more nodes of the network of the threat. In another variant, communication allows the nodes to take local action to protect themselves. This same local action occurs on the host, allowing it to continue serving content. The host utilizes BGP to dynamically inform nodes of changes in the network traffic delivery rules, such as causing traffic to different clients having different levels of reliability and/or provided on a best-effort basis. The BGP may be utilized to add/remove routes or nodes and to identify and respond to potentially malicious activities, changes in network configuration, and/or delivery requirements.

Abstract: A method for path optimization comprises: obtaining, at an edge node of a network including a plurality of nodes, locations and performances of one or more nodes from among the plurality of nodes in the network; determining performance indices associated with the one or more nodes based on the locations and the performances of the one or more nodes and a service level objective (SLO), a performance index indicating a difference between a performance of a respective node and the SLO; and determining, based on the locations of the one or more nodes and the performance indices, a target path for delivering a packet from the edge node to a destination node. Advantageously, the path for transmitting the packet flow is optimized in real time according to dynamic changes in the network environment, so that an end-to-end service level objective is met as much as possible.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. In some systems, a user equipment (UE) may implement a dynamic threshold for antenna switching. The dynamic threshold may improve the percentage of time that a UE operates using an “optimal” antenna (e.g., an antenna with the highest reference signal received power (RSRP)) as compared to a static threshold. For example, a UE may communicate with another device using a first antenna. The UE may track a current communication measurement for the first antenna (e.g., an RSRP value) and may perform an antenna switching test based on the measurement. For the test, the UE may update the dynamic threshold for antenna switching based on a machine learning agent, where the agent may include a neural network that determines the updated dynamic threshold value. The UE may perform a comparison with the dynamic threshold to determine whether to switch operating antennas.

Abstract: An example network orchestrator of a SD-WAN is configured to classify, based on operating health information, each branch gateway of a cluster in an operating health class of a set of operating health classes. A bucketmap is generated based on the classifications of each branch gateway of the cluster. The bucket map may be transmitted to a leader branch gateway of the cluster. Each branch gateway may be reclassified in an operating health class. An updated bucketmap may be transmitted to a leader branch gateway.

Abstract: For a flooded packet transmitted from a first base to a second base connected to a transport network, a first edge node in the transport network first sets path selection information for selecting a return path for transmitting a packet from the second base to the first base, and then transmits the packet to the second base via the path configured in advance. When receiving the flooded packet, a second edge node selects the return path on the basis of the path selection information from a plurality of path candidates configured in advance between the first base and the second base and learns the path in association with information indicating the transmission source.

Abstract: An information handling system of a first gateway access point in a wireless network includes at least one wireless adapter for receiving a plurality of reply messages including information that can be used to calculate a plurality of traffic factor values describing traffic flow between one of a plurality of gateways in the wireless network and a cloud computing resource, and a processor executing code instructions of a wireless network gateway sink nomination system. The wireless network gateway sink nomination system may calculate a traffic factor value for each of the plurality of gateways, based on the reply messages, received from with each gateway identify a most desirable sink gateway from the plurality of gateways, and transmit the identity of the most desirable sink gateway to the plurality of gateways for transmitting data bound for the cloud computing resource via the most desirable sink gateway.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for monitoring and controlling electronic devices using wired and wireless protocols are disclosed. The systems and apparatus may monitor their environment for signals from electronic devices. The systems and apparatus may take and disambiguate the signals that are received from the devices in their environment to identify the devices and associate control signals with the devices. The systems and apparatus may use communication means to send control signals to the identified electronic devices. Multiple apparatuses or systems may be connected together into networks, including mesh networks, to make for a more robust architecture.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for providing route advertisements to provider edge devices on virtual private networks implemented using different protocols. An illustrative method includes receiving, from a first provider edge device on a first virtual private network (VPN), a route advertisement in a first format, wherein the first format corresponds to a first standard, determining whether the first format is translatable to a second format, wherein the second format corresponds to a second standard, in response to determining that the first format is translatable to the second format, identifying parameters for translating a route included in the route advertisement from the first format into the second format, generating a translated route advertisement by translating the route included in the route advertisement in accordance with the identified parameters, and transmitting, to a second provider edge device on a second VPN, the translated route advertisement including the translated route.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are techniques to provide a unified display stream for multiple modes of a display specification. The display stream can include a link layer control protocol packet comprising link control information inserted between a set number of packets comprising display data. A packet can comprise indications of display data for a single stream or multiple streams.

Abstract: The present invention which relates to HoneyNet method, system, and computer program for mitigating link flooding attacks by exposing Honey Topology in SDN (Software Defined Networking) includes a Honey Node detecting unit configured to detect Honey Node Set of static metric and dynamic metric calculating from a SDN controller and OF (OpenFlow), a Honey Topology generating unit configured to arrange Honey Topology by applying probability model for the Honey Node Set, and an access determining unit configured to detect packet-in triggered to a Honey Node, and control transmission of packet to the Honey Topology from the Honey Node.

Abstract: An information synchronization method includes sending, by a controller, a first message to a network device, where the first message carries control routing protocol (CRP) routing entry information, and is used to advertise a CRP route, and the first message includes first identification information, and after receiving the first message, storing, by a forwarding device, the CRP routing entry information into a CRP routing table of the network device as indicated by the first identification information. Hence, because a route advertised by the controller and a route advertised using a routing protocol between forwarding devices are stored in different routing tables, a related application of the route advertised using the routing protocol between the forwarding devices is not affected.

Abstract: A method and a system for controlling the access of a plurality of client computers to storage media, the system including: a processor, a Random-Access Memory (RAM) device; and a Network Interface Controller (NIC), configured to establish a plurality of connections with the clients. The processor may dynamically allocate a buffer memory space to each connected client computer on the RAM device, and the NIC may be configured to receive at least one storage access request from at least one client, over at least one computer network connection. The RAM device may accumulate data of the at least one storage access request in the buffer allocated to the respective connected client computer, and the processor may be configured, upon completion of the accumulation of data, to propagate the buffered data to at least one storage device of the storage media.

Abstract: A radio channel control method includes: collecting a real-time user experience index for access to a media service by a user terminal, and collecting a media service transmission parameter of the media service provided by a server; determining whether the real-time user experience index is less than a user experience index defined in a user experience level of an ordered traffic package of the user terminal, and if the real-time user experience index is less than the user experience index defined in the user experience level of the ordered traffic package of the user terminal, calculating, by using the real-time user experience index and the media service transmission parameter, a radio channel parameter that is required by the user experience index; and transmitting the radio channel parameter to a core network device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring network traffic. A server may receive data packets originated from a first remote computer system, the data packets having a destination of a second remote computer system. The server may determine a user of the first computer system and, based thereon, identify network traffic monitoring tools configured to connect to the server through respective distinct network addresses. The server may determine a routing path for the packets including a sequence of network addresses including the respective distinct addresses of the identified network traffic monitoring tools and a second network address corresponding to the second computer system. The second network address may be ordered after the respective distinct addresses of the identified network traffic monitoring tools in the sequence. The server may send, according to the routing path, the packets to the identified network traffic monitoring tools and the second computer system.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for operating a system for management of implantable medical devices (IMDs), comprises: conducting communications sessions with a plurality of clinician programmer devices, wherein some of the communication sessions occur while the plurality of clinician programmer devices are engaged in respective programming sessions with IMDs; conducting communications sessions with a plurality of patient controller devices, wherein the communication sessions with the patient controller devices include communication of data pertaining to offline programming of IMDs; reconciling programming session data received from the plurality of clinician programmer devices with programming session data received from patient controller devices to identify instances of unauthorized IMD programming; and distributing revocation data to patient controller devices to be downloaded to corresponding IMDs, wherein the revocation data identifies cryptographic keys that are no longer trusted.

Abstract: Embodiments herein disclose methods for selecting one or more paths for routing application traffic based on application performance metrics for hosted applications. In an embodiment, to select the best path, the available paths can be monitored to understand the performance of specific applications through those paths. Subsequently, the performance data is used to derive an application link score for any given combination of application and path, wherein the application link score is generated as a function of packet delay and packet loss. The ALS is then be used to determine the best path for a given application.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to reflect routes from a virtual route reflector are disclosed. An example method includes requesting, at a virtual route reflector remote from an autonomous system, topology information and external route information from the autonomous system. The external route information identifies a plurality of border routers through which a remote destination can be reached. The example method also includes selecting, using the topology information, a first path from among a plurality of paths emanating from a selected node in the autonomous system, the plurality of paths exiting the autonomous system at respective border routers of the plurality of border routers. The example method further includes advertising, from the virtual route reflector to a client router in the autonomous system, a route to the remote destination, the route including a first border router at which the first path exits the autonomous system.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) communication device includes an RF spectral sensor that senses a dynamically changing RF spectral environment, and RF circuitry having at least one settable parameter. A controller dynamically sets the at least one settable parameter thereby affecting power consumption and RF communication performance by using an artificial intelligence (AI) model based upon the power consumption and the RF communication performance in the dynamically changing RE spectral environment.

Abstract: Embodiments generally disclosed herein include a computer-implemented method for monitoring and correlating network traffic data associated with a primary network that is in communication with a plurality of secondary networks. The method generates a network traffic data set by monitoring network traffic between the primary network and the plurality of secondary networks. The method also determines a mapping of network connectivity by monitoring inter-network routing information between the primary network and the plurality of secondary networks. In addition, the method generates a traffic measurement data set by monitoring network utilization statistics between the primary network and the plurality of secondary networks. With the collected data sets, the method then calculates a relational network mapping between the primary network and the plurality of secondary networks by correlating the network traffic data set, the mapping of network connectivity, and the traffic measurement data set.

Abstract: A base station system transmits a data stream towards a user entity. The data stream has first data and second data, the first data being associated with a first transmission quality requirement, and the second data being associated with a second transmission quality requirement. The base station system comprises: a multiple-in-multiple-out (MIMO) base station that is configured to handle communications of the user entity in a communication cell using beamforming; at least one remote transmitter, which is arranged spaced apart from the MIMO base station in the communication cell; and a further remote transmitter which is arranged spaced apart from the MIMO base station and from the remote transmitter in the communication cell, the further remote transmitter being configured to support communications towards the user entity in the communication cell.

Abstract: A packet processing method includes: receiving, by a first network device, a packet, where the packet includes match object information and match condition information; determining, by the first network device, a to-be-matched network device among one or more network devices according to the match object information, determining, by the first network device, whether device information of the of the to-be-matched network device matches with the match condition information; and performing, by the first network device, forwarding processing or discarding processing on the packet according to a result of the determination.

Abstract: In embodiments, a communication node of a multi-node communication network includes a communication interface and a controller communicatively coupled to the communication interface.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for automatically discovering applications/clusters in a network and mapping dependencies between the applications/clusters. A network monitoring system can capture network flow data using sensors executing on physical and/or virtual servers of the network and sensors executing on networking devices connected to the servers. The system can determine a graph including nodes, representing at least the servers, and edges, between pairs of the nodes of the graph indicating the network flow data includes one or more observed flows between pairs of the servers represented by the pairs of the nodes. The system can determine a dependency map, including representations of clusters of the servers and representations of dependencies between the clusters, based on the graph. The system can display a first representation of a first cluster of the dependency map and information indicating a confidence level of identifying the first cluster.