Abstract: Embodiments contemplate wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) transmissions of different types of uplink channels and/or signals in a system deployment where multiple destination points may exist. Some embodiments contemplate that a WTRU may select the destination point of a transmission on a dynamic basis. In one or more systems where destination point selection from among multiple potential destination points may be possible for a WTRU transmission, some embodiments contemplate the determination of the handling of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmissions and for different power headroom reporting mechanisms. Embodiments also contemplate the reduction and/or inhibition of WTRU transmissions to destination points to which the WTRU may have lost connectivity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for a user equipment (UE) to receive a reference signal from a base station in a wireless communication system. More specifically, the method includes receiving, from the base station, configuration information, wherein the configuration information includes first mapping information related to a mapping relationship between a plurality of mapping patterns, to which dedicated demodulation reference signals are mapped on a resource, and a plurality of transmission beams through which the dedicated demodulation reference signals are transmitted; receiving, from the base station, a first demodulation reference signal related to a demodulation of downlink data; and receiving, from the base station, the downlink data via a channel estimated based on the first demodulation reference signal.

Abstract: The present application at least describes a frame structure in new radio. The frame structure includes a self-contained transmission time interval. The transmission time interval includes a control information region including plural beams. The interval also includes a downlink transmission channel region including plural beams. The frame structure is configured for downlink control information to be swept through the time interval. The frame structure is also configured for an uplink or downlink grant resource subsequently to be swept through the time interval. The present application is also directed to a method for configuring user equipment.

Abstract: A method for reporting channel state information (CSI) by user equipment (UE) for beamforming based on an antenna array in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: receiving a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); generating channel state information using the CSI-RS and a codebook generated in advance; and reporting the channel state information. The channel state information includes information related to a codevector determined in the codebook, the antenna array has a three-dimensional shape having omnidirectional symmetry, the codebook is generated based on a position of the UE having a center of the three-dimensional shape as an origin, and the position of the UE is represented based on a polar coordinate system.

Abstract: A single-antenna device includes a single antenna, at least one processor, and at least one memory. The single-antenna device is operable to receive a signal including at least one frame. Each of said frame includes a repeating portion. The single-antenna device determines a difference of phase and amplitude of the repeating portion and further determines whether the signal is transmitted from a trusted source based at least in part on the difference of phase and amplitude of the repeating portion.

Abstract: A method of determining a communication path between a source edge application server (sEAS) and a target edge application server (tEAS) are provided. The method includes identifying a plurality of possible communication paths between the sEAS and the tEAS, and selecting one of the plurality of possible communication paths between the sEAS and the tEAS according to one or more predefined criteria.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication technique for combining IoT technology with a 5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate than 4G communication systems, and a system therefor. The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car or connected car, healthcare, digital education, retail, security- and safety-related services, etc.) on the basis of 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology. The present disclosure relates to a method and device for transmitting and receiving control information.

Abstract: A communication device for handling a power headroom report (PHR) for multiple transmission time intervals (TTIs) comprises a storage device for storing instructions and a processing circuit coupled to the storage device. The processing circuit is configured to execute the instructions stored in the storage device. The instructions comprise determining a single PHR for a first TTI of at least one first serving cell according to at least one PH level of the at least one serving cell, wherein the communication device is configured with at least one second serving cell of at least one second TTI; and transmitting the PHR to a network via one of the at least one serving cell; wherein a length of the first TTI is different from each length of the at least one second TTI.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for dynamic rate matching patterns for spectrum sharing are described. In some examples, a user equipment (UE) may measure one or more interference levels associated with resources of a physical resource block (e.g., interference levels associated with respective subcarriers or other division in the frequency domain, with respective symbol durations or other division in the time domain, or a combination thereof), and determine a rate matching pattern based on the interference level measurements. In some examples, the rate matching pattern may include a pattern of resources for communications between the UE and a base station (e.g., for downlink communications). The UE may transmit an indication of the rate matching pattern to the base station, and the base station may schedule or transmit one or more subsequent downlink transmissions based at least in part on the indication of the rate matching pattern received from the UE.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are system, method, and computer program product embodiments for providing traffic visibility in a network. An embodiment operates by a third-party component in communication with a network component—each located at a network's edge—maintaining a rule table including a first rule comprising first identifiers and a first action for deriving a first packet characteristic. The third-party component receives a first packet copy including second identifiers from the network component. Upon the second identifiers matching the first identifiers, the third-party component determines the rule table's second rule includes a second action for deriving a second packet characteristic. Thereafter, the third-party component receives a second packet copy comprising third identifiers from the network component.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electronic device (1) for determining a reachability of a further electronic device (15-18) over a wireless connection. The further electronic device is part of a wireless network. The electronic device is configured to determine whether the further electronic device is reachable using a first wireless communication protocol (31), determine whether the further electronic device is reachable using a second wireless 5 communication protocol (33), and provide an indication of a status of the further electronic device based on the reachability of the further electronic device using the first wireless communication protocol and the reachability of the further electronic device using the second wireless communication protocol.

Abstract: Embodiments of a User Equipment (UE) and methods for communication are generally described herein. The UE may select, from a plurality of short transmission time intervals (TTIs), a short TTI for a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) sidelink transmission by the UE. The short TTIs may occur within a legacy TTI. The short TTIs may be allocated for V2V sidelink transmissions by non-legacy UEs. The legacy TTI may be allocated for V2V sidelink transmissions by legacy UEs. The UE may transmit, in accordance with the legacy TTI, a legacy physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) to indicate, to legacy UEs, the V2V sidelink transmission by the UE. The UE may transmit, in accordance with the selected short TTI, a short PSCCH (sPSCCH) to indicate, to non-legacy UEs, the V2V sidelink transmission by the UE.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive, from a base station, control signaling indicating an activation of a beam failure detection (BFD) procedure for detecting beam failure on a per-beam basis for a set of beams. The UE may receive control signaling indicating BFD parameters for each beam to use in accordance with the BFD procedure. The UE may monitor for a set of reference signals via the set of beams and maintain, at a medium access control (MAC) layer, a separate beam failure indication (BFI) counter and a BFD timer for each beam. The MAC layer may receive the BFIs from a physical layer at the UE such that if the BFI counter for a beam satisfies a configured BFI threshold count before a configured BFD timing duration, the UE may transmit a beam failure recovery request to the base station for the beam.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and devices for wireless communication that support dormant bandwidth part (BWP) configurations that may be used for full-duplex operation. In a first aspect, a user equipment (UE) in a full-duplex mode may, in at least one symbol, receive a downlink signal in a dormant downlink BWP and transmit an uplink signal in an uplink BWP. In a second aspect, a dormant downlink BWP may be further configured into one of multiple possible resource bandwidths (RBWs), which may include at least one dormant RBW. Each of the multiple RBWs that may be configured in the dormant BWP may be associated with a size and location as well as a set of one or more operational constraints. In a third aspect, a dormant downlink BWP may be further configured into one of multiple possible RBWs, which may include a downlink dormant RBW and an uplink dormant RBW.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes apparatuses and techniques of adaptive PLMN management for varying network conditions. In some aspects, a PLMN manager of a user equipment (UE) searches, as part of a registration procedure, a data repository of PLMN information that includes a PLMN blocked from registration for a duration of time and determines that the PLMN is blocked due to a signal-related condition with a cell of the PLMN (e.g., weak signal). The PLMN manager then determines, during the duration of time, that the signal-related condition between the UE and the cell has improved. In response to the improvement, the PLMN manager unblocks the PLMN before expiration of the duration of time. By so doing, the UE may reattempt registration with the unblocked PLMN at least once before the duration of time expires, which may allow the UE to register more quickly and reestablish network services.

Abstract: A method for channel state information (CSI) reporting comprises receiving, by a user equipment (UE) from a base station (BS), a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) signaling including a quasi co-location (QCL) indication between a first resource and a second resource and activation of the second resource, wherein the UE is configured with the second resource for CSI reporting; and identifying, by the UE from the MAC-CE signaling, the activation of the second resource and a QCL relation between the first resource and the second resource based on the QCL indication.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatus, methods, processing systems, and computer readable mediums for configuring DRX parameters for groups of serving cells operating in different frequency bands. An example method generally includes receiving first discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration parameters for communications with a first group of cells and second DRX configuration parameters for communications with a second group of cells, wherein the first DRX configuration parameters and the second DRX configuration parameters share common starting time parameters; monitoring for communications by cells operating in first frequency resources based on the first DRX configuration parameters; and monitoring for communications by cells operating in second frequency resources based on the second DRX configuration parameters.

Abstract: An information processing device (20) is provided with: a statistical information acquisition unit (211) which acquires statistical information about communication with another machine connected by a cable; an abnormality determination unit (212) which refers to the statistical information acquired by the statistical information acquisition unit (211) and determines an abnormality in the communication; and an abnormality notification unit (213) which notifies a master device of the determination result, when the determination result from the abnormality determination unit (212) indicates that the communication is abnormal.

Abstract: A method for identifying a specific location on a specific route, a daily specific route of a user may be predicted based on a daily behavior habit of the user, and a specific action related to the predicted specific route may be performed, for example, changing a network search interval; or searching for different network signals based on a network standard change; or when a terminal device runs an application, generating a message to indicate a time point at which the terminal device accesses an abnormal base station, to remind the user to cope with a network exception; or generating the message to send a cache request to a corresponding server.

Abstract: A method for performing, by a first device, wireless communication and an apparatus for supporting same are provided. The method includes: receiving a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) from a second device; determining a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) resource associated with the PSSCH; and transmitting, to the second device, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback on the PSFCH resource. Here, at least one subchannel for the PSSCH is associated with at least one first PSFCH resource including at least one second PSFCH resource, each second PSFCH resource included in the at least one first PSFCH resource is associated with each slot on the at least one subchannel, and the PSFCH resource may be determined on the basis of information related to the at least one subchannel for the PSSCH, information related to at least one slot for the PSSCH, and a source ID of the second device.

Abstract: A base station includes a plurality of antennas, a data unit (DU) comprising a first processor and a first memory containing instructions, which when executed by the first processor, cause the DU to receive a signal to be transmitted via the plurality of antennas, obtain per-antenna-power-constraint (PAPC) information, determine an estimated effective transmission power (Peff) based on the PAPC information, and pre-schedule the signal for transmission based on the Peff. The base station further includes a massive MIMO unit (MMU) comprising a second processor and a second memory containing instructions, which when executed by the second processor, cause the MMU to receive, from the DU, the pre-scheduled signal, perform pre-coding on the pre-scheduled signal based on a current value of a PAPC determined at the MMU to normalize per-antenna gain of antennas of the plurality of antennas, and provide the pre-coded signal for transmission via the plurality of antennas.

Abstract: A user terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes: a measurement section that performs an L1 measurement by using a given reference signal in a particular frequency band; and a control section that controls data transmission and/or reception on the particular frequency band at a time of the measurement, based on a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) of the given reference signal. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, even in a case of performing a measurement other than an SSB measurement, data transmission and/or reception which is simultaneous with the measurement can be appropriately controlled.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment may receive, from a base station, a random access configuration indicating synchronization signal block (SSB)-to-random access channel (RACH) occasion mapping information, wherein the SSB-to-RACH occasion mapping information is associated with a first set of RACH occasions and a second set of RACH occasions, select a RACH occasion based at least in part on the SSB-to-RACH occasion mapping information, and transmit, to the base station, a physical RACH communication using the RACH occasion based at least in part on selecting the RACH occasion. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for configuring frequency measurement and determining a time reference for gap calculation in New Radio with dual connectivity is disclosed. In one embodiment, a method for configuring a frequency measurement by a first wireless communication node, includes: transmitting a first message to a second wireless communication node, wherein the first message comprises at least one of the following: a first maximum number of allowed intra-frequency measurement identities and a first maximum number of allowed inter-frequency measurement identities, and wherein the first message is used by the by the second wireless communication node to determine a first configuration of the frequency measurement for a wireless communication device.

Abstract: In a system where a first node provides a first area of TDD coverage on a first TDD carrier using a first TDD configuration and an adjacent second node provides a second area of TDD coverage on a second TDD carrier using a different second TDD configuration, the first node could additionally provide an area of FDD coverage on a first FDD carrier, including causing the area of FDD coverage to sit at least partially between the first and second areas of TDD coverage and therefore to define a spatial buffer between the first and second areas of TDD coverage. For instance, the first access node could restrict its service on the first TDD carrier to be for user equipment devices (UEs) that are relatively close to the first access node and could restrict its service on the first FDD carrier to be for UEs that are relatively far away from the first access node.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods, apparatus and machine-readable mediums relating to buffer status reporting in wireless communication systems. One aspect provides a method performed by a user equipment. The user equipment is configurable to communicate with a radio access node via a plurality of communication protocols, and to communicate with a network node via at least one congestion-controlled application transport protocol. The method comprises: generating a buffer status report comprising an indication of a first amount of data available for transmission from the user equipment, the first amount of data including at least data stored in a buffer for data conforming to the congestion-controlled application transport protocol; and transmitting the buffer status report to the radio access node.

Abstract: A method for adjusting a target clock of a wireless device and a wireless device thereof are provided. The method includes receiving two consecutive broadcast packets from a transmitter to obtain time information corresponding to each of the two broadcast packets; obtaining a time interval between the two broadcast packets according to the time information; and adjusting the target clock of the wireless device according to the time interval and a target value, to achieve the effect of automatically adjusting the target clock, the target clock being related to waking of the wireless device from a standby mode.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for channel state estimating and reporting schemes in wireless communication are described. In one aspect, a wireless communication method is provided to include transmitting, by a communication device, a channel state report message that includes at least one of a first field indicative of a value of a parameter or a second field that includes a deviation or a change rate of the parameter.

Abstract: Traffic optimization in virtual private networks (VPNs) is described. A client device establishes a first VPN connection with a first server according to a first VPN route configuration that specifies a first VPN route to the first server. Flow(s) of traffic is forwarded through the first VPN connection to the first server. The client device receives a second VPN route configuration that specifies a second VPN route to a second server of the plurality of servers for establishing a second VPN connection, where the second VPN connection satisfies a set of traffic optimization criteria. The client device establishes the second VPN connection with the second server according to the second VPN route configuration. Traffic is forwarded through the second VPN connection to the second server.

Abstract: To meet different latency requirements a solution for a system having one or more apparatuses using a first type of relaying or a second type of relaying, the first type requiring more processing time at an apparatus than the second type, is disclosed. In the solution a type of relaying for a child apparatus is determined at least based on one or more of a latency requirement and feedback information on channel; and transmissions to or from child apparatuses are scheduled at least according to a determined type of relaying, wherein transmissions using the first type of relaying are scheduled to take place in the time domain of a transmission slot after transmissions using the second type of relaying; and transmissions to or from the child apparatus are processed according to the determined type of relaying.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A communication link between the UE and a serving base station may be established. The UE may measure, at an application layer of the UE, a set of quality of experience variables associated with different service types. The UE may measure, at an access stratum of the UE, a set of radio resource management variables associated with the communication link between the UE and the serving base station and a communication link between the UE and a corresponding set of one or more neighboring base stations associated with the communication links. The UE may transmit a measurement report to the serving base station indicating information associated with the quality of experience variables and the radio resource management variables in a multi-layer readable format.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed from the perspective of a first UE (User Equipment) to update Layer-2 Identities (IDs). In one embodiment, the method includes the first UE establishing a unicast link with a second UE, wherein a first Layer-2 ID of the first UE and a second Layer-2 ID of the second UE are used for data transmission and reception on the unicast link. The method further includes the first UE transmitting a Link Identifier Update Request message for the unicast link to the second UE, wherein the Link Identifier Update Request message includes a new first Layer-2 ID of the first UE. The method also includes the first UE receiving a Link Identifier Update Accept message for the unicast link from the second UE, wherein the Link Identifier Update Accept message includes a new second Layer-2 ID of the second UE.

Abstract: A method for receiving and processing a covert transmission within a TCP/IP protocol stack is described. An IP protocol layer receives a datagram comprising covert data. The datagram is adapted to appear as an error at a TCP layer. The datagram is intercepted at an IP layer routine below the TCP layer. The intercepted datagram is processed by an extension of an IP layer routine.

Abstract: Configuration of measurement requirements on cells and beams in NR is made more efficient by, in a user equipment, UE, receiving, information from a network node, which information indicates: a first number K of beams to be measured by the UE, and a second number L of cells in which the UE is required to measure the first number K of beams. The UE then carries out measurements using the received information; and performs at least one operational task based on a result of the measurements.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for transmitting uplink control information. The method includes: a User Equipment (UE) receives Uplink Control Information UCI configuration information, wherein the UCI configuration information includes information for determining a periodicity, an offset and a Physical Uplink Control Channel PUCCH for Periodic-Channel State Information P-CSI to be report in one subframe and configuration information for transmission of Hybrid Automatic Retransmission reQuest-Acknowledgement HARQ-ACK; processes one or more kinds of UCI in the subframe, and transmits the on resources using a PUCCH format. According to the method of the present disclosure, the transmit power for transmitting the UCI on the channel using the PUCCH format is optimized. During the transmission of the P-CSI, the PUCCH resource most preferable for the transmission of the P-CSI is determined. The uplink resource utilization ratio is increased.

Abstract: The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, or apparatuses that support channel state information feedback for semi-open-loop and open-loop schemes. The described techniques provide for a user equipment (UE) to determine an open-loop, semi-open-loop, or closed-loop transmission scheme for deriving channel quality information (CQI). In the case of determined open-loop transmission scheme, the UE may select a transmission scheme corresponding to a time offset value and a precoder cycling granularity value. The UE may determine one or more of a time offset value, a precoder cycling granularity value, and a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) for a channel state information (CSI) report, and generate CQI accordingly. Additionally, the UE may include the determined values in the CSI report to indicate the transmission scheme used for the CQI derivation. Based on the CQI, the base station can then determine the transmission scheme and perform link adaption accordingly.

Abstract: Techniques are described for wireless communication. One technique includes receiving a service via a component carrier, wherein the component carrier may be in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. One or more signals transmitted on the component carrier may be measured to estimate channel state information of the component carrier in the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band.

Abstract: The subject application relates to methods and apparatuses. According to some embodiments of the subject application, a method includes: transmitting an identifier of a first communication device; and transmitting an identifier of a parent communication device of the first communication device, wherein the first communication device, the parent communication device, and a first base unit constitute a first backhaul link.

Abstract: A wireless device initiates a beam failure recovery procedure based on a beam failure of at least one beam of a cell. A radio link failure is determined based on a failure of the beam failure recovery procedure. A radio link failure report is transmitted. The radio link failure report comprises: a first field indicating that the failure of the beam failure recovery procedure is a cause of the radio link failure; and a second field indicating a random access resource for the beam failure recovery procedure.

Abstract: A disclosure of the present specification provides a method for accessing another Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) instead of a subscribed third PLMN. According to the method, a terminal may access a second PLMN, which provides a service, instead of a first PLMN that is roaming-agreed with the third PLMN. In addition, according to the method, the terminal may display, on a screen, information indicating that access is made to the second PLMN. The second PLMN may provide only a limited service.

Abstract: A radio communication system includes: a plurality of cells having different scrambling sequences, respectively, wherein at least two cells communicate with at lease two user terminals connected to different serving cells; and a controller which controls the plurality of cells and provides a single scrambling sequence to said at least two cells and said at least two user terminals for control signal transmission and reception.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A first device may indicate a dynamic beam correspondence operation for communications with a second device. For example, the dynamic beam correspondence operation may be declared in a time-dependent manner, for certain transmission configuration indication (TCI) states or time-dependent TCI states. Further, the first device may declare no beam correspondence and associated power savings and thermal reductions that result from the lack of beam correspondence. Subsequently, based on the dynamic beam correspondence operation, the second device may identify parameters (e.g., which TCI states, subarrays) for the first device to use for different modes or procedures (e.g., at a corresponding time) based on parameters that correspond to a full beam correspondence or no beam correspondence. For example, the parameters may be used for initial access, beam failure recovery, low power modes, or high temperature modes.

Abstract: A system and apparatus for addressing the different types of mobility of a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) in a network. A radio access network (RAN) may send a request for configuration information to a gateway device including a device ID of a WTRU, a service ID, and a RAN address. Once the RAN receives configuration information from the gateway device including a forwarding table, the RAN may be prepared to receive non-IP data from a WTRU including a routing tag. The routing tag may be based on the device ID of a WTRU and service ID. The RAN may transmit the non-IP data received from the WTRU to the gateway device over a routing path based on the routing tag and a forwarding table where the non-IP data is forwarded on to its detention, such as another WTRU or an Application Server.

Abstract: An example method of providing, by a source edge data network, a service to a terminal in a wireless communication system includes: identifying a target edge data network, to which the terminal is expected to perform a handover, based on position information of the terminal; determining whether transmission of expected data, which the target edge data network is expected to transmit to the terminal in relation to the service after the handover is performed, will be delayed; transmitting a message requesting the expected data to the target edge data network, based on the determination that the transmission of the expected data will be delayed; receiving data related to the service corresponding to the expected data from the target edge data network; and transmitting the data related to the service to the terminal.

Abstract: Systems are methods are provided for implementing cloud survivability which mitigates the loss of secure communication via a cloud orchestrated IPsec tunnel, due to a loss of connectivity to a cloud service. For example, devices can establish IPsec tunnels which are orchestrated by a cloud service, such as SD-WAN Tunnel Orchestration. Then, according to the disclosed cloud survivability techniques, if the connection to the cloud service fails, a cloud survivability phase can be triggered which fails-over from IPsec tunnel to a survivability tunnel. In some implementations, a method includes: determining, by an initiator device, whether there is a loss of connectivity of the initiator device or the responder device with a cloud service. Further, in response to determining that there is a loss of connectivity, automatically establishing a survivability communication link between the initiator device and the responder device.

Abstract: Some examples of handling FTM requests comprises receiving a plurality of fine timing measurement (FTM) requests from a second network device over a first channel. Determining a channel traffic along the first channel. Adjusting a FTM response frequency based on the channel traffic. Responding based on the FTM response frequency, to a first number of FTM requests out of the plurality of FTM requests.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive first measurement indication information indicating an activation of measurement reporting. The WTRU may determine a first set of resource elements (REs) based on the first measurement indication information. Further, the first set of REs may be associated with measurement-related time and frequency resources. Also, the WTRU may receive one or more measurement-related signals in the indicated first set of REs. Additionally, the WTRU may perform a measurement of each measurement-related signal. The WTRU may transmit, based on the first measurement indication information, a measurement report based on the measurement of each measurement-related signal. Further, the WTRU may receive second measurement indication information indicating a deactivation of measurement reporting.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A method of wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) is described that may include receiving a data packet transmission over a wireless channel from a base station. The method may further include determining a set of intrinsic log likelihood ratios (LLRs) based at least in part on the data packet transmission and determining an accumulated capacity for the wireless channel based at least in part on the set of intrinsic LLRs. The method may also include determining a channel quality indicator index or a transmission rank for the wireless channel based at least in part on the accumulated capacity and transmitting a feedback message that indicates the channel quality indicator index or the transmission rank for the wireless channel to the base station.

Abstract: In response to a vehicle being switched from an IGN OFF state (non-operating state) to an IGN ON state (operating state) in a state in which a mobile terminal has been activated, the use of wireless communication (Wi-Fi communication) by the mobile terminal via a network using an in-vehicle device as a base station can be started. In response to the vehicle being switched from the IGN ON state (operating state) to the IGN OFF state (non-operating state) in the state in which the mobile terminal has been activated, the use of wireless communication (Wi-Fi communication) by the mobile terminal via the network using the in-vehicle device as the base station is stopped.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment, there is disclosed a method comprising: receiving, by a user equipment in a wireless network, beam information from a serving cell and each neighboring cell; assessing a beam quality of the serving cell and each neighboring cell from the information; determining a subset of the serving cell and neighboring cells comprising the serving cell and each neighboring cell with a beam quality within a first offset of the serving cell and each neighboring cell with a highest quality beam; ranking each cell of the subset in descending order from highest to lowest quality.