Abstract: A communication apparatus for performing half duplex communications has: a memory circuit storing transmission data; a transmission processing circuit generating a transmission frame; a transmission/reception processing circuit outputting as a transmission signal the transmission frame generated by the transmission processing circuit and generating a reception frame by receiving a transmission signal; and a transmission/reception managing circuit making the transmission processing circuit generate a transmission frame containing the transmission data in the confirmation response and supply the transmission frame to the transmission/reception processing circuit if a confirmation response to the reception of the transmission signal at the transmission/reception processing circuit is to be issued and if the transmission data is stored in the memory circuit.

Abstract: Systems and methodologies are described that provide support for signal acquisition in wireless communication systems that utilize half-duplex communication in the presence of asynchronous sectors. Forward link and reverse link superframes can be structured such that a given frame position in a superframe alternates between forward link communication and reverse link communication for a particular half-duplex interlace. More particularly, an odd number of frames can be grouped into respective forward link and reverse link superframes, from which frames can be assigned to a first half-duplex interlace and a second half-duplex interlace in an alternating fashion. By varying the communication link used by a half-duplex interlace at a given frame location, terminals operating on a single half-duplex interlace can detect asynchronously operating sectors irrespective of the transmission timeline of such sectors.

Abstract: It was not clear as to who is entitled to speak next in conventional conversation session. In the multi-casting communication system, on receipt of a signal transmitted from one of mobile communication terminals with a half-duplex communication switch thereof being on, the PoC server 25 records a user of the mobile communication terminal in a subscriber list as a next speaker, if there is another mobile communication terminal presently making multi-casting communication, and further if no mobile communication terminals are recorded in the subscriber list. Thus, it is clear who speaks next.

Abstract: A half-duplex communication network comprises a plurality of communication links, each link being configured a priori to communicate in one direction; and a plurality of nodes, each node coupled to a first and second direct neighbor nodes and a first and second skip neighbor nodes via the plurality of communication links. Each node comprises propagation logic adapted to arbitrate conflicts between concurrent messages based on at least one of higher level policies and a comparison between a priority of each message, wherein each node is adapted to communicate a message without waiting to determine if another node is transmitting another message with a higher priority.

Abstract: Optical transceivers used in data communications equipment are typically bidirectional and require two-way communications in order to maintain their operability. However, in some applications such as cable television, the traffic is highly unbalanced with very high bandwidth requirements in one direction and minimal bandwidth requirements in the opposite direction. Hence for such efficient and cost effective one-way communication applications, unidirectional fiber optic transceivers are useful. There is provided here a unidirectional transceiver provided internally with a keep-alive signal generator to enable unidirectional transmissions. The keep alive signal is, for instance, idle characters for a Gigabit Ethernet communication system, or any other suitable handshake signal which provides the desired operability.

Abstract: A file transmission technique that does not make retransmission control complex even in a case in which a transmission error occurs is provided. A communication terminal executes a transmission job for transmitting an inspection indication file to the apparatus. When there is an error either in transmitting the inspection indication file or in receiving an inspection result file, the communication terminal executes a retransmission job after a predetermined time lapses. At this time, if there is a new transmission job generated for the same apparatus, the retransmission job is deleted. Alternatively, if there is a different retransmission job for the same apparatus, a retransmission job that has been generated first is deleted.

Abstract: A communication system (100) includes a first communication unit (101, 102, 103, 104) capable of communicating over a full-duplex persistent-connection link provided by a full-duplex network (105) and a second communication unit (151, 152) capable of communicating over a half-duplex dispatch link provided by a dispatch RF system (150). The system (100) also includes a dispatch gateway (120). The dispatch gateway (120) receives signals from a first communication unit (101, 102, 103, 104) over a full-duplex persistent link through a full-duplex network (105) and provides communication between the first communication unit and a single dispatch communication unit (151, 152) or a group of dispatch communication units (151, 152) over a half-duplex communication link through a dispatch RF system (150). The gateway operates in a manner so as to permit communication between full-duplex terminals (101, 102, 103, 104) and half-duplex terminals (151, 152).

Abstract: Systems and methodologies are described that provide half-duplex communication in a frequency division duplex (FDD) system. Communications in an FDD system may be divided into half-duplex interlaces, wherein a terminal may receive at one time period and transmit at another time period. An access network in an FDD system may then utilize half-duplex communication to communicate with an access terminal that is not capable of transmitting and receiving simultaneously by using a half-duplex interlace. Further, an access network may also utilize full-duplex communication to communicate with an access terminal that is capable of transmitting and receiving simultaneously.

Abstract: A method and system for the synchronization of the transmission of digitally converted analog modem signals between two or more modems using either RF over-the-air or A/C power line communication channels. This invention provides for modem speed optimization by minimizing or eliminating clock variance between the modems in a digital communication system. A fixed delay is created and maintained during modem operation. This invention is also adapted to function in a full-duplex communication system maintaining a fixed delay in both directions.

Abstract: An initiator transceiver for operating in a two-way half-duplex communication mode with multiple recipient transceivers. The transceivers includes a body having a cavity and a control device, positioned within the cavity, for receiving a recipient identification code that identifies a remote transceiver and for transmitting an initiator identification code and the recipient identification code to the remote transceiver. The control device scans a plurality of channels for a signal or interference and designates a first available channel as a primary channel and a second available channel as a standby channel.

Abstract: A duplex aware adaptive playout method includes detecting a packet communication mode as either a full-duplex mode or a half-duplex mode, calculating a playout delay for a current packet based on the detected packet communication mode, and delaying playout of the current packet by the calculated playout delay. When the packet communication mode is detected to be the half-duplex mode, the calculated playout delay for the current packet is set longer than when the packet communication mode is detected to be the full-duplex mode. A duplex aware adaptive communications device includes a playout buffer, a playout controller, a network delay estimator, and an active detector that detects a packet communication mode. The playout controller determines playout delays of packets in the playout buffer from estimated network delays and a detected packet communication mode being a full-duplex mode or a half-duplex mode.

Abstract: A computer program product, apparatus, and method for communicating on a half-duplex channel includes transmitting a first frame; terminating transmission of the first frame when a collision is detected during the transmission; and transmitting a second frame before retransmitting the first frame when the second frame has a higher class of service than the first frame.

Abstract: A digital network based communications system that establishes communications sessions to communicate via a simulated circuit-switch environment. Exemplary embodiments communicate between a first communications station (104) and a second communications station (106) using Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) techniques. Calls are setup (700), maintained and torn down (800) using Session Initiation Protocol and Session Description Protocol messages. Call modes are able to be changed between duplex and simplex without disconnection. Duplex calls are also able to be interrupted with a request for a simplex call. A receiver (104) engaged in a duplex call can receive a request for a simplex call, accept the simplex call or send a response message, and then resume the duplex call, all while maintaining the duplex call data communications session.

Abstract: A method for managing communication sessions in a packet-oriented communication system, consisting of a central control unit and a plurality of mobile stations, which can be interconnected via the central control unit. To achieve this, a communication session is established between mobile stations that are assigned to a first communication group. Session priorities are then defined for a first mobile station of the first communication group, said station being in addition assigned to at least a second communications group. Finally the session priorities are transmitted to the central control unit. A second communication session is also established between those mobile stations that are assigned to the second communication group(s), including the first mobile station. Both the first and the second communication session are established via the central control unit, in such a way that the latter can manage the first mobile station in both communication sessions according to the transmitted session priorities.

Abstract: Base stations having potentially interfering terminal stations that are geographically located on the same or similar diagonal or Line of Sight (relative to the base station) operate on a first set of time frames (e.g., “even” time frames). Similarly, base stations having potentially interfering terminal stations that are not geographically located on the same or similar diagonals operate on a second set of time frames (e.g., “odd” time frames). By alternating in their use of the even and odd frames, the potential for co-channel interference between terminal stations is minimized. Systems and methods are disclosed which reduce co-channel and adjacent channel interference between terminal stations of different cells as well as adjacent channel interference between terminal stations of adjacent cells. The methods and systems so described can be used during the deployment or expansion of a communication system in a region.

Abstract: A port on a network device engages in auto-negotiation on a network link during a first operational state to select a transmission mode, either half duplex or full duplex. If half duplex operation is selected, the port commences half duplex operation in a second operational state. During the second operational state, the link is monitored for an error condition indicating that another network device attached to the link may not be operating in a half duplex mode. This error condition includes the occurrence of excessive collisions or late collisions. When the error condition is detected, the port commences full duplex operation in a third operational state, based on the presumption that device at the other end of the link may be configured for fixed full duplex operation. If proper operation ensues, the port remains configured for full duplex transmission.

Abstract: A system and method for providing group communication services is disclosed. Each of a plurality of group communication devices coverts media, such as video, audio, image and/or data into data packets suitable for transmission over a data network, such as the Internet. The data packets are selectively transmitted through the data network to a communications manager. The communications manager acts as a configurable switch, allowing communications from any communication device to be selectively routed to the plurality of communication devices based on the types of the communication devices and/or the requests received from the corresponding users. The communications manager further allows users of other communication systems and devices to participate in group communications with each other.

Abstract: A system controller on a half-duplex communication bus architecture gathers statistical data from at least one line card. The line card automatically collects statistical data for the system controller in a controlled manner in an information buffer. Then, the line card reports a subset of the statistical data in the buffer to the system controller when polled either for the statistical data or for some other reason and the statistical data is selected to be reported. The line card reports the statistical data in place of reporting a null response in the preferred embodiment whenever possible.

Abstract: A method and system for auto-detection of communication mismatch, such as in a networking environment. A device using a communication protocol uses a technique for protocol augmentation to determine sufficient information about whether there is a protocol parameter mismatch, and to determine how to adjust its protocol parameters so that the parameter mismatch is obviated. In a preferred embodiment, the protocol includes an Ethernet protocol, and the mismatch includes information about whether devices at ends of a communication link are using half-duplex or full-duplex settings. A first device using the Ethernet generates messages that force a set of second devices using the same Ethernet to generate responsive messages to send to the first device; the first device determines, by examining features of the responsive messages from the second devices, what protocol settings the second devices are using.

Abstract: A method of half duplex transmission of a packetized digital data includes the steps of inputting a new packet to be transmitted to a first-in-first-out storage, determining whether the new packet contains time information related to synchronization with other electronic device, responsive to the determination that the new packet contains time information, updating a local timer of the electronic device with a prescribed value, continuously incrementing the local timer, responsive to a timing enabling transmission of the new packet by the transmitting/receiving unit of the electronic device, reading the new packet from the first-in-first-out storage, determining whether the new packet contains time information or not, changing the time information by using a value of the local timer to prevent mismatch in synchronization with other electronic device, and outputting to the bus through the transmitting/receiving unit.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to arrange so that the digital signal transmission between specific equipments connected with each other by the transmission line of a fixed standard can be performed securely and satisfactorily. When a digital signal destination is caused to receive a fixed digital signal sent out of a digital signal sender, the digital signal destination acquires at the request of the destination from the digital signal sender data on modes in which the digital signal sender is able to send out the digital signal, and a transmission mode of the digital signal is caused to be set by a command based on the acquired mode data from the digital signal destination. Moreover, when a digital signal destination is caused to receive a fixed digital signal sent out of a digital signal sender, a flag is added to the digital signal sent out of the digital signal sender, which indicates that the transmission rate is being adjusted based on the command from the digital signal destination.

Abstract: An apparatus transmits information, by a communications network, to any one of a plurality of communication terminals connected to the network in response to a failed communications attempt by any one of the terminals. The apparatus comprises: an identification facility for identifying a network address of a terminal making a failed communications attempt, at least one data storage for storing a plurality of network addresses so identified, and an information transmission facility for transmitting information to a terminal making the failed communications attempt. The information transmission facility is adapted to access the data storage facility, to locate a network address stored therein and to transmit the information to a network address so located.

Abstract: A communication format control method is used in a mobile communication system which is capable of providing a communication service to a mobile station in each zone via a plurality of base stations by a simplex or duplex communication format. The communication format control method includes a step of call-connecting a calling mobile station which calls by a simplex communication request and a called mobile station by a duplex communication format, when the calling mobile station is located in a zone different from a zone in which the called mobile station is located.

Abstract: Method for terminating a startup session of a full duplex or half duplex communication to be established between a central terminal and the remote terminal. When predetermined data is transmitted upon reception of an ACK message transmitted by one of the central or remote terminals, a data transmission in the startup session is suspended. If the other one of the central or remote terminals receives the predetermined data and thereafter detects a predetermined period of silence, the startup session is terminated.

Abstract: An adapter permits bi-directional communications between a full duplex mode, two data wire serial data bus and a half duplex mode, one data wire serial data bus. Settings or preferences for the full duplex mode bus may be set by the half duplex mode bus using a command format. Processing by the adapter controller may be interrupt driven, except during the processing of the half duplex mode serial data bus, when the interrupts may be disabled.

Abstract: A network device which is for use in an Ethernet packet-based communication system has at least one port which is capable of auto-negotiation to select between half duplex and full duplex working on a link to which the port is connected. The device includes means for monitoring the existence of late collisions between packets on said link, means for monitoring the existence of packet fragments on the link, and monitoring means for detecting and correcting for a duplex mismatch on the link partner. This monitoring means is operative to determine whether there are any late collisions and in the absence of a detection of fragments to configure the port from a half duplex mode to a full duplex mode. The monitoring means is also operative to detect the presence of fragments when the port is in full duplex mode and thereby to provide an indication that a rule relating to network size is infringed.

Abstract: A repeater, useable for connecting switches in a data communication network, is provided in a distributed and/or modular fashion. The repeater includes a plurality of separate and distinct components or modules connected to or at least partially housed in, the various switches which the repeater modules couple. Preferably, the repeater autodetects and/or autoconfigures some or all aspects of repeater operations, such as detecting and/or configuring appropriate full/half-duplex mode operation or detecting and/or configuring in response to appropriate or approved cable-type connections. The distributed and/or modular repeater facilitates accommodating various switching or repeater needs as a network grows or contracts.

Abstract: A port on a network device engages in auto-negotiation on a network link during a first operational state to select a transmission mode, either half duplex or full duplex. If half duplex operation is selected, the port commences half duplex operation in a second operational state. During the second operational state, the link is monitored for an error condition indicating that another network device attached to the link may not be operating in a half duplex manner. This error condition includes the occurrence of excessive collisions or late collisions. When the error condition is detected, the port commences full duplex operation in a third operational state, based on the presumption that device at the other end of the link may be configured for fixed full duplex operation. If proper operation ensues, the port remains configured for full duplex transmission.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for providing full-duplex audio communication utilizing a half-duplex audio circuit in an audio communication system. The method comprises the steps of: (1) configuring an idle state, a listen state, and a talk state; (2) receiving an event triggered by one of an incoming speech, an outgoing speech, and a talk request from the half-duplex audio circuit; and (3) transitioning from one of the states to any one of the states in response to the event to provide full duplex communication.

Abstract: Frame collisions on communication channels connecting half-duplex units and a full-duplex unit are avoided using MAC and LLC layer protocols adapted to arbitrate channel usage. One or more flags can be included in MAC and LLC packet headers and/or acknowledgements to indicate whether subsequent packet transmissions will be attempted by sending units. Units receiving set flags can hold off transmission until receiving cleared flags from the sending units. In this manner, packet collisions can be avoided.

Abstract: A serial intelligent cell (SIC) and a connection topology for local area networks using Electrically-conducting media. A local area network can be configured from a plurality of SIC's interconnected so that all communications between two adjacent SIC's is both point-to-point and bidirectional. Each SIC can be connected to one or more other SIC's to allow redundant communication paths. Communications in different areas of a SIC network are independent of one another, so that, unlike current bus topology and star topology, there is no fundamental limit on the size or extent of a SIC network. Each SIC can optionally be connected to one or more data terminals, computers, telephones, sensors, actuators, etc., to facilitate interconnectivity among such devices. Networks according to the present invention can be configured for a variety of applications, including a local telephone system, remote computer bus extender, multiplexers, PABX/PBX functionality, security systems, and local broadcasting services.

Abstract: Signal processing techniques are applied to data rates at state-of-the-art circuit speeds (presently 1.6 Gbit/sec) by carrying out the signal flow graph of a cannonical FIR filter algorithm using hybrid analog and digital circuit techniques. A plurality of digital to analog converters (DACs) generate analog currents that are the analogue of the tap coefficients of the FIR filter model. The DACs are used as programmable current sources for the tail current sources of respective differential pair stages. Differential delay signals that are the analogue of the FIR delay-line tap signals are connected to the inputs of respective ones of the differential pair stages. The drains of the input devices of the differential pair stages are connected in parallel to common complementary load circuits. The delay signals act to steer the tap coefficient currents to one or the other of the common load circuits.

Abstract: A receiver receives a signal transmitted by a time-division multi-access method that divides one frame into a plurality of communication slots in conducting communication. In this receiver, a detection circuit detects whether a received RF signal is stronger than a predetermined level. The received RF signal is demodulated by a demodulation circuit. An oscillation circuit generates a clock that is used to decode the data obtained by demodulation. The data obtained by demodulation is stored in a memory in synchronism with a clock reproduced from the received signal, and is then retrieved from the memory in synchronism with the clock generated by the oscillation circuit. This eliminates jitters. After jitter elimination, the data is decoded by a processing circuit. The writing/reading operation against the memory is initialized in accordance with a result output from the detection circuit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a simplex/duplex switching system which can easily cope with a simplex configuration or a duplex configuration. The simplex/duplex switching system includes a first device for outputting a predetermined frame signal carrying a plurality of time slot signals; and multiple second devices, each of which is paired with another device having the same structure, wherein, when paired second devices serve together as a simplex device, each of the second devices alternately receives the time slot signals included in the predetermined frame signal; and wherein, when paired second devices serve together as a duplex device, both of the second devices receive all of the time slot signals included in the predetermined frame signal.

Abstract: When a signal such as a normal link pulse signal outputted from a network apparatus is inputted to a physical device 16 via a first or a second connector 1, 2 and a pulse transformer 15, content of a predetermined register is set according to the inputted signal in the physical device 16, the content is read by a central processing circuit 52, and an operation mode of the network apparatus is judged so that either one of a first to a sixth LEDs 17 to 22 is lighted by the central processing circuit 52 via an LED display circuit 53 according to the result of the judgment and normality of the operation of the network apparatus and its operation mode can be confirmed/judged.

Abstract: Methods for reducing interference from initializing network devices in a data-over-cable system. The method includes aligning Initial Maintenance intervals for multiple upstream channels of the data-over-cable system. A cable modem termination system determines if usage intervals for the upstream channels may accommodate Initial Maintenance intervals that start at a common time. If so, the cable modem termination system constructs Bandwidth Allocation MAP messages for the usage intervals that contain Initial Maintenance intervals timed to start at the common time. In response to the MAP messages, initializing network devices range when there are no scheduled data transmissions on any upstream channel. The method may shorten a cable modem's time for ranging and may decrease collisions with data transmissions on the upstream paths when cable modems try to initialize.

Abstract: A method for solving a mismatched negotiation result between an auto-negotiation mode and an enforce mode in an Ethernet. The method is applied to a local device with an auto-negotiation mode, the local device is connected to a remote device, and the local device has a plurality of registers including at least an auto-negotiation advertisement register (ANAR) for recording information advertised to the remote device by the local device, and an auto-negotiation link partner ability register (ANLPAR) for recording an ability of the remote device. First, turn on the auto-negotiation mode. The contents of the ANAR register are set according to a transmission mode enforced by a user when the remote device is in the auto-negotiation mode, and then the auto-negotiation mode is restarted. Next, the contents of the ANAR and the ANLPAR registers are determined whether they are matched.

Abstract: A first device detects whether a second device implements full duplex communication. When the first device begins receiving a network packet from the second device, the first device transmits a jam signal to the second device. When transmission of the network packet from the second device to the first device has been completed, the first device determines whether a check value within the network packet is valid. When the check value is valid, the first device recognizes that the second device implements full duplex communication. When the check value is not valid, the first device recognizes that the second device does not implement full duplex communication.

Abstract: A transmission direction switching device for a half-duplex communication apparatus includes a data transmission detector connected to a universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART) via a sending line and a direction-switching rule executor connected to a half-duplex communication interface driver having a signal subtraction function via a direction control line. The data transmission detector detects any data to be sent and sends the data if such data exists.

Abstract: A data-communication apparatus for performing data communication by using a modem with a plurality of modulation/demodulation modes, operated in a mode specified from among the plurality of modulation/demodulation modes, is capable of distinguishing signals in a plurality of modulation/demodulation modes which may be simultaneously received by the data-communication apparatus. Specifically, a frequency-detection function provided in a modem is used to detect the frequency of the V.8 protocol signal CI while the modem is receiving the signal in the V.21 mode in the T.30 protocol. When the frequency is detected, a CPU causes the mode of the modem to switch to the V.8 mode for signal reception.

Abstract: A network switch having a shared memory architecture for storing data frames has a set of programmable thresholds that specify when flow control should be initiated on a selected network port. The network switch includes a queue for storing free frame pointers, each specifying available memory locations in an external memory for storing data frames received from a network station. The network switch takes a frame pointer from a free buffer queue for each received data frame, and stores the received data frame in the location in external memory specified by the frame pointer while a decision making engine within the switch determines the appropriate destination ports.

Abstract: This invention relates to duplex and to half duplex transmission schemes and more particularly to the application of such schemes in TDMA and other multiple access environments. In accordance with a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of multiplexing signals transmitted by a number of terminals onto a communications link; the link having a capacity less than the total capacity of the terminals; the method including the step of varying the rate of encoding of said signals transmitted by said terminals whereby the bandwidth o the transmitted signals corresponds to the portions allocated to the terminals. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, there is provided a system for the communication of signals in real time over a channel; said system adapted to vary the bandwidth of at least one signal such that the number of signals multiplexed onto said channel can be dynamically varied.

Abstract: A 200 Mbps PHY/MAC combination for providing full duplex operation at 400 Mbps is disclosed. The PHY/MAC uses all 4 pairs of wire to create a single channel. A transmit and receive port of a physical layer device is connected to a first end of four pairs of category 5 wiring. A media access control entity sources PLS primitives to manage the flow of frames eight bits a nibble to and from the four pairs of category 5 wiring through the physical layer device. A switch is provided for trunking the four pair of category 5 wiring into a single channel comprising separate 200 Mbps throughput transmit and receive data paths to the physical layer device or into two channels comprising separate 100 Mbps throughput transmit and receive data paths to the physical layer device comprising separate 100 Mbps throughput transmit and receive data paths to the physical layer device.

Abstract: There is disclosed a voice/data protocol for use with half duplex digital radios. The protocol modifies the X.21 HDLC protocol which is widely employed in the transmission of data for digital radios. The X.21 protocol utilizes a control "C" and an indicate "I" signal. In the steady state in conventional systems, both the C and the I leads are "off". When either a DTE or DCE requires service, the units set their C lead to the "on" condition. The opposite end detects the request for service on the I lead and when communications occur, sets the C lead to the "on" condition. When both the DTE and DCE have send and detected "on" conditions on their C and I leads the circuit transfers to the data transfer state and is ready to proceed to data synchronization. In the present protocol, the C signal is defined as a push-to-talk transmit request to the radio. The I signal is defined as a radio busy. When the I signal is asserted by the radio, the radio is busy transmitting voice, receiving voice or receiving data.

Abstract: In a data transmission method and circuit for communication between a programming apparatus and a user apparatus to be programmed, such as a hearing aid, data as well as clock pulses are transmitted by the programming apparatus to the user apparatus for the individual adjustment of application-specific data of the user apparatus. The data and clock pulses are transmitted in half-duplex operation using a single signal line. Differently fashioned clock pulses of an outgoing signal with digital information are supplied to the signal line, and the digital information is recovered at the user apparatus by means of clock pulse variation, and the recovered information is subsequently processed with the transmitted clock pulse.

Abstract: A network hub which allows the transmission of data at varying data transfer rates. Data is divided into different transfer protocols and converted by an exchange unit to transform the data of different groups into appropriate speed networks.

Abstract: A system for providing an IR-link between a mobile phone and its accessories to transmit audio, control, and data signals between them in an apparent full-duplex real time mode using a conventional half-duplex IR-transceiver with suitable FIFO registers and control means. The "direction" of the half-duplex channel is "switched" by the system which may be embodied in an IR-link module, having transmission channels for digital full-duplex audio signals, slow data messages and fast data messages, and for some control data. The module is connected to the baseband of a phone through a baseband interface (BBIF) and communicates through a media interface (MIF) and an infrared interface (IRIF) with free air space or a lightguide. A link-specific low-level protocol is used for audio and slow data message transmission but the link hardware of the module may also support other protocol implementations. The system may be implemented in hardware and/or software.

Abstract: A method is provided for placing a call from a two-way radio subscriber unit operating within a two-way radio communication system (100). A user operates the subscriber unit in a call address search mode (310), and provides search criteria data that references a communication target (320). The search criteria data is transmitted in a query to system equipment which provides, in response, a list of matching identifiers and corresponding call addresses (330, 340). This list is presented to the user and a selection obtained (350, 360). A call address corresponding to the user selection is used to initiate the call to the communication target (370).

Abstract: A method of increasing the terminal coupling loss in a digital half-duplex handsfree terminal is provided. When the terminal receive channel is active an idle code which is effectively zero is transmitted by an idle code generator. When the terminal transmit channel is active a normal speech signal is transmitted. To determine which channel is active, a receive speech signal level is measured at the receive channel input, and a "virtual" transmit speech signal is computed from a signal in the transmit channel before the idle code generator.

Abstract: In a communication system, a method comprises the steps of receiving (401) at least one information bundle intended for subsequent outbound transmission, receiving (403) at least one reservation request that corresponds to at least one information bundle intended for subsequent inbound transmission, and selecting (407) from amongst the at least one information bundle and the at least one reservation request to provide at least one selected information bundle to be transmitted. At least a part of a communication resource is assigned (409) to support transmission of the at least one selected information bundle.