Abstract: Disclosed is a method of managing random access of a User Equipment, UE, in a telecommunication network, comprising the steps of: the UE receiving, from a Base Station, BS, information regarding a response delay interval; the UE transmitting a preamble to a BS; the UE entering a power-saving mode for the duration of the response delay interval, before monitoring for a response from the BS to the preamble.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for reporting of acknowledgment information for groupcast/multicast communications. A method for transmitting a first physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) with first hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) information bits includes receiving information for a set of PUCCH resources. The method further includes determining values for the first HARQ-ACK information bits, determining a PUCCH resource from the set of PUCCH resources according to a combination of positive acknowledgement values and negative acknowledgement values for the first HARQ-ACK information bits, and transmitting the first PUCCH using the PUCCH resource.

Abstract: A wireless device receives one or more configuration parameters indicating a reference of a start-and-length-indicator value (SLIV). The wireless device receives, via a first monitoring occasion of monitoring occasions of a time slot, a repetition of downlink control information (DCI) scheduling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) reception with a PDSCH mapping Type B. The wireless device receives the PDSCH reception based on a starting symbol of a second monitoring occasion with a latest starting time among starting times of the monitoring occasions, in response to the one or more configuration parameters indicating the reference of SLIV.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for providing an IoT community service using a beacon, and specifically, to a service providing method and system, which allows the beacon to broadcast an arbitrary packet using a Bluetooth network, and allows a user terminal receiving the packet to use the community service through a wide area network.

Abstract: Described is allocating and deallocating baseband unit resources of a distributed unit based on anticipated and/or actual demand for the resources. For example, when user equipment transitions to a connected state, a corresponding message can be detected and used to determine whether sufficient baseband unit resources are needed to handle the traffic of the newly connecting user equipment. If not, additional baseband unit resources are allocated. When user equipment transitions to an inactive state, the corresponding command can be detected and used to determine whether the baseband unit resources are still needed for other traffic. If not, baseband unit resources are deallocated; that is, if a distributed unit's resources are no longer needed, the distributed unit's resources are deactivated to reduce resource consumption. Deallocation can be performed by changing the resources to a power conservation (e.g., sleep) state, with allocation performed by changing such resources back to an active state.

Abstract: A method at a sensor module within a sensor system for communicating with a gateway, the method including storing a timing profile for communications with the gateway; waking a radio core of the sensor module at a threshold time prior to a beacon signal being expected from the gateway; sampling a channel for the beacon signal at the radio core; if the beacon signal is detected: waking a processor on the sensor module; exchanging communication with the gateway; and powering down the processor and radio core upon completion of the exchanging communication.

Abstract: A method of processing a network slice based congestion, a device and a system thereof are provided. The method includes: receiving a message sent by a network including slice congestion information; and backing off a target network slice corresponding to the slice congestion information, according to the slice congestion information.

Abstract: A wireless station is allocated use of a time slot in a given direction, uplink or downlink, on a given channel. The wireless station monitors for presence of wireless energy during a portion of the time slot. Based on a detected level of the wireless energy in the time slot, the wireless station controls transmission of wireless communications in a direction opposite to the configured direction in a remaining part of the time slot.

Abstract: A UE may comprise: determining that uplink channels with different priorities overlap with respect to time; determining whether the uplink channels with the different priorities satisfy multiplexing timeline conditions; determining, on the basis of the non-satisfaction of the multiplexing timeline conditions by the uplink channels with different priorities, an uplink channel to be multiplexed, for uplink channels with the highest priority, that satisfy the multiplexing timeline conditions, from among the different priorities; and transmitting the uplink channel to be multiplexed.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and techniques for user equipment (UE) power control are described. A described technique includes receiving, by a UE, a discontinuous receiving (DRX) configuration from a base station; monitoring, by the UE on a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), for downlink control information (DCI) messages outside of a DRX active time, the DCI messages being of a predetermined format that is configured to provide wake-up signaling; receiving, by the UE, a DCI message outside of the DRX active time, the DCI message being of the predetermined format; and determining, by the UE, whether to wake-up based on the received DCI message.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems for communicating over multiple links, for example, indicating buffered units (BUs) per traffic identifier (TID) for transmission to multi-link devices (MLDs). One innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a method for wireless communication. The method can be performed, for example, by a non-access point (non-AP) MLD. The non-AP MLD can receive an indication of an association identifier (AID) associated with the non-AP MLD, wherein the indication of the AID indicates whether an AP has BUs for the non-AP MLD, determine one or more links associated with one or more TIDs based on a mapping of a plurality of TIDs, including the one or more TIDs, to a plurality of links, including the one or more links, receive the BUs associated with the one or more TIDs from the AP on the determined links.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods for a wireless device to perform methods for configuring a power savings signal in fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) networks. The wireless device may transmit, to a base station within a network, power savings requirements and receiving, from the base station, a configuration of a power saving signal, where the configuration indicates one or more functionalities of the power saving signal. The wireless device may periodically receive, from the base station, the power saving signal and interpret the power saving signal based on the configuration. The configuration of the power saving signal may be received via radio resource control signaling.

Abstract: Provided is a method of a terminal for performing communication by using a non-terrestrial network (NTN). The method may include receiving, from a base station, HARQ operation activation indication information for indicating whether to activate an HARQ operation; configuring a HARQ process based on the HARQ operation enabling indication information; and identifying and controlling HARQ operations for a downlink signal according to whether the HARQ process configured whether to enable or disable the HARQ operation.

Abstract: A communications device configured to receive signals from an infrastructure equipment of a wireless communications network is provided. The communications device is configured to periodically switch, in accordance with a first periodic rate, between a primary active operating mode and a primary reduced power operating mode in accordance with a primary discontinuous reception, DRX, operation.

Abstract: A method by a first wireless device, for determining a status of a first cell is described herein. The first wireless device operates in a communications network. The first wireless device sends a request to a plurality of second wireless devices operating in the communications network. The plurality of second wireless devices is within radio range. The request inquires whether or not the first cell is in sleeping state. The first wireless device receives, in response to the sent request, one or more responses from the plurality of second wireless devices. The first wireless device determines whether or not the first cell is in sleeping state, based on the received responses. The methods by a network node and another wireless device receiving an indication indicating a result of the determination are also described.

Abstract: Techniques discussed herein can facilitate configuration of a User Equipment (UE) with two or more Discontinuous Reception (DRX) configurations. A first set of techniques can facilitate configuration of the UE with independent DRX configurations for Frequency Range 1 (FR1) and for Frequency Range 2 (FR2). A second set of techniques can facilitate configuration of the UE with independent DRX configurations for a first set of one or more Component Carriers (CCs) associated with a first frequency band of a supported band combination and for a second set of one or more CCs associated with a second frequency band of the supported band combination. Various embodiments can employ techniques of one or more of the first set of techniques or the second set of techniques.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatuses for facilitating restricted target wake time (TWT) operation in a wireless local area network. The apparatuses include a non-access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) comprising a plurality of stations (STAs) and a processor. Each STA comprises a transceiver configured for broadcast TWT operation on multi-link operation (MLO) links with corresponding APs of an AP MLD. The processor is operably coupled to the transceivers, and configured to negotiate a broadcast TWT schedule over a first link between a first STA and a first AP of the AP MLD, apply the broadcast TWT schedule to the group of links, negotiate a restricted TWT schedule with the AP MLD over at least one link of the group of links, and establish the restricted TWT schedule on one or more links of the at least one link.

Abstract: An access point (AP) that supports the IEEE 802.11ba protocol may transmit a frame including a physical layer (PHY) preamble to one or more stations (STAs) over a channel. The PHY preamble may include a plurality of repeated modulated legacy signal (L-SIG) fields to spoof a recipient of the frame and protect a wake up signal (WUS) to be subsequently transmitted by the AP. The AP may transmit the WUS to at least a first STA of the one or more STAs, wherein the at least the first STA is a IEEE 802.11ba compliant STA.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for logical channel selection for non-discontinuous reception (non-DRX) enabled devices. A method may include determining a sidelink discontinuous reception state of at least one receiving user equipment. The method may also include examining one or more conditions associated with the at least one receiving user equipment. The method may further include selecting at least one sidelink destination related to a logical channel among the at least one receiving user equipment based on the determined sidelink discontinuous reception state and the examination.

Abstract: One embodiment relates to a method for sidelink related operation of a receiving (RX) user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising the steps in which: the RX UE receives first SCI from a transmitting UE (TX UE) through a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH); and the RX UE receives a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and second SCI from the TX UE on the basis of the first SCI, wherein the second SCI includes information about activating physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) transmission related to the PSSCH, and whether to start a retransmission timer on the basis of the PSFCH transmission being dropped is determined on the basis of whether the dropped PSFCH transmission is related to either NACK or ACK.

Abstract: This application relates to a discontinuous reception method. In the first time unit, for example, the first symbol, after a hybrid automatic repeat request HARQ feedback occasion of a sidelink HARQ process, a first terminal may start a drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerSL and start a drx-RetransmissionTimerSL when the drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerSL expires. During running of the drx-RetransmissionTimerSL, the first terminal monitors a physical downlink control channel. In this way, sidelink retransmission efficiency can be improved, an increase of a sidelink retransmission delay can be avoided, and sidelink-based applications, such as unmanned driving, automatic driving, assisted driving, intelligent driving, networked driving, intelligent networked driving, and car sharing in the field of artificial intelligence can be better supported.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide user equipment (UE) performing unicast sidelink communication with the second UE and methods therefor. A method of a first UE that performs direct sidelink communication with a second UE includes: receiving a first indication comprising sidelink signalling; in response to receiving the first indication, performing at least one of: updating a configuration for performing a transmission/reception procedure of the first UE in order to update a key based on the updated configuration for performing a transmission/reception procedure; suspending at least one data transmission/reception procedure; and resuming at least one data transmission/reception procedure.

Abstract: Provided are a method for managing a beam performed by a terminal in a wireless communication system and a device using the method. According to the method, the terminal performs a power saving operation on a first cell and receives a PDCCH through a second cell, wherein the PDCCH requests to measure a reference signal transmitted aperiodically in the first cell. The reference signal is received at a particular time for a DRX cycle related to the power saving operation. The terminal generates beam related information to be used in the first cell by measuring the reference signal in the first cell.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed. In an example from the perspective of a first device, the first device performs sidelink communication with a first set of destinations, wherein one or more devices, associated with a destination of the first set of destinations, discontinuously monitor one or more sidelink control channels and/or one or more sidelink control informations (SCIs). The first device receives a sidelink grant from a network, wherein the sidelink grant is for performing a sidelink transmission at a first timing. The first device selects, from among a second set of destinations, a first destination for the sidelink transmission, wherein each destination of the second set of destinations is determined to have an active time for sidelink containing the first timing.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems for distributed transmission of short training fields in a power spectral density limited frequency band. In one aspect, a device receives a distributed resource unit (dRU) assignment for transmission of a dRU portion of a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU); determines a spatial stream global cyclic shift delay (CSD) index for an short training field (STF) of the dRU portion of the PPDU; and transmits, based on the spatial stream global CSD index, the EHT of the dRU portion of the PPDU across a dRU spreading bandwidth associated with the dRU assignment using a tone plan and sequence corresponding to a regular resource unit (rRU) transmission mode.

Abstract: A method and wireless device for handling a periodic RNA update timer are disclosed. A method is implemented in a wireless device (WD) for stopping an update timer based on a condition including that the WD: receives an RRC Setup message triggering transition of the WD to an RRC_CONNECTED state in response to an RRC Resume request message; receives an RRC Suspend message indicating that the WD is to stay in an RRC_INACIVE state in response to an RRC Resume Request message; receives an RRC Release message triggering transition of the WD to an RRC_IDLE state in response to an RRC Resume Request message; fails to receive an RRC Resume message, RRC Suspend message or an RRC Release message after sending an RRC Resume Request message; or the WD enters the RRC_IDLE state from the RRC-INACTIVE state without transitioning through the RRC_CONNECTED state.

Abstract: A UE may comprise: determining that uplink channels with different priorities overlap with respect to time; determining whether the uplink channels with the different priorities satisfy multiplexing timeline conditions; determining, on the basis of the non-satisfaction of the multiplexing timeline conditions by the uplink channels with different priorities, an uplink channel to be multiplexed, for uplink channels with the highest priority, that satisfy the multiplexing timeline conditions, from among the different priorities; and transmitting the uplink channel to be multiplexed.

Abstract: A method by which a first device performs wireless communication and an apparatus for supporting same are provided. The method comprises the steps of determining a selection window; selecting Y candidate slots within the selection window; determining at least one slot related to the Y candidate slots, on the basis of a resource reservation period value set for a resource pool; selecting at least one sidelink (SL) resource from among SL resources included in the Y candidate slots, on the basis of sensing the at least one slot; and performing SL communication on the basis of the at least one SL resource, wherein the value of Y may be a positive integer.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for protecting latency-sensitive communications among multi-link devices (MLDs). An access point (AP) MLD may establish multiple communication links with a non-AP MLD and schedule a restricted target wake time (r-TWT) service period (SP) on one of the links (the “r-TWT link”). In some aspects, when a transmit opportunity (TXOP) acquired on a non-r-TWT link overlaps the r-TWT SP, the TXOP may be extended to support an exchange of latency-sensitive traffic on the non-r-TWT link. In some other aspects, any TXOPs occurring on non-r-TWT links may be terminated prior to the start of the r-TWT SP so that latency-sensitive traffic can be exchanged on the r-TWT link during the SP. An AP MLD also may schedule SPs on multiple communication links. In some aspects, the AP MLD may transfer a TWT agreement between the communication links.

Abstract: Provided are a method and device for sending and receiving a Wake Up Signal (WUS), and an electronic device. The sending method includes: negotiating, by a communication node, with a terminal about a service type of the terminal; and sending, by the communication node, a WUS according to the service type.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. In one example, a method for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE) includes determining one or more performance metrics related to communications over a wireless channel and comparing the one or more performance metrics with a performance level for the communications over the wireless channel. The method may include selecting a power mode for the UE based at least in part on the comparing and determining an operating state of a subset of a plurality of radio frequency front end elements of at least one active radio frequency chain of the UE based at least in part on the power mode and a priority of the one or more performance metrics. The method may also include adjusting the subset of the plurality of radio frequency front end elements based at least in part on the operating state.

Abstract: A technique for power saving, comprising establishing a radio resource control (RRC) connection with a wireless system, entering an RRC connected mode based on the established RRC connection, receiving, from the wireless system, configuration information indicating a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle time, a DRX on time period, and an offset time, determining an enhanced wake-up signal (EWUS) monitoring occasion for a DRX cycle based on the offset time and the DRX on time period, monitoring, during a first DRX cycle, for an EWUS during the EWUS monitoring occasion associated with the first DRX cycle, receiving, from the wireless system, the EWUS during the EWUS monitoring occasion, determining that the EWUS indicates that the wireless device skip one or more future EWUS monitoring occasions, and skipping monitoring for the EWUS based on the indicated skipped one or more future EWUS monitoring occasions.

Abstract: Wireless communication devices, systems, and methods related to handling wake-up behavior for power saving, including during discontinuous reception (DRX) operation are provided. For example, a method of wireless communication includes transmitting, by a base station (BS) to a user equipment (UE), a default wake-up configuration associated with a discontinuous reception (DRX) operation; determining, by the BS, whether to transmit a wake-up signal (WUS) to the UE during a WUS occasion based on a traffic load; and transmitting, by the BS, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) signal during a duration associated with the WUS occasion.

Abstract: A method for power saving, comprising: establishing a radio resource control (RRC) connection with a wireless device, transmitting, to the wireless device, configuration information indicating a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle time, a DRX on time period, and an offset time, transmitting an enhanced wake-up signal (EWUS) monitoring occasion for a DRX cycle, the EWUS monitoring occasion based on the offset time and the DRX on time period, determining that the wireless device can skip monitoring one or more future EWUS monitoring occasions, transmitting, during a first DRX cycle, a EWUS for the wireless device during the EWUS monitoring occasion associated with the first DRX cycle, the EWUS indicating that the wireless device can skip the one or more future EWUS monitoring occasions, and skipping transmitting the EWUS to the wireless device during the one or more future EWUS monitoring occasions.

Abstract: Disclosed in embodiments of the present invention are an access control method and a related product. The method comprises: a user equipment obtains access category information of an access policy for uplink access, the access category information at least comprising first access category information separately defined by an access layer AS entity; and the user equipment initiates uplink access according to the access category information. The embodiments of the resent invention help to reduce reservation overheads of access policy information of an NAS layer, reduce signaling over heads between the NAS layer and an AS layer and improve the access control efficiency of a user equipment in an NR system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wireless communication terminal to communicate wirelessly. The wireless communication terminal includes: a first wireless transceiver configured to transmit and receive signals modulated by a first modulation method; a second wireless receiver configured to receive a signal modulated by a second modulation method different from the first modulation method; and a processor. The processor is configured to sequentially receive a plurality of fields of a wake-up radio (WUR) frame included in a WUR physical layer processing data unit (PPDU) transmitted by the second modulation method, and when a predetermined condition for the plurality of fields is satisfied, stop receiving the WUR frame without determining whether values of the plurality of fields are valid.

Abstract: Embodiments are provided for resource monitoring and power saving in a user equipment (UE) operating according to a discontinuous reception (DRX) in new radio (NR) wireless communication system. The UE, operating in the DRX mode, monitors for a wake up occasion in control signal prior to the DRX ON time. If the wake occasion is detected, then the EFE monitors for a channel state information (CSI) resource signal (RS) prior to the DRX ON time. If no wake up occasion is detected, then at least a portion of the UE remains in a sleep mode prior to DRX ON time.

Abstract: Described are a method for controlling the power consumption of a terminal, and a storage medium. The method comprises: obtaining a power consumption rate of the terminal; and in response to the power consumption rate being greater than a power consumption rate threshold, controlling the terminal to disable a dual-connection mode thereof based on a power consumption adjustment strategy; wherein the terminal supports the dual-connection mode; the terminal is configured to communicate with communicates with a first base station and a second base station in the dual-connection mode; the first base station is a primary base station, and the second base station is a secondary base station.

Abstract: An embodiment relates to a method for operating a transmitting user equipment (TX UE) for performing sidelink communication in a wireless communication system, the method comprising the steps of: receiving, by a TX UE, a power saving (PS) signal transmitted by a base station; and on the basis that the power saving signal indicates not performing skipping during an on-duration period and the TX UE has traffic to be transmitted to a receiving UE (RX UE), transmitting the traffic in at least a part of an SL on-duration period by the TX UE.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are related to a wireless communication. In one aspect, a wireless communication device receives a frame including a first indication that indicates the wireless communication device to disable transmission during a quiet period. The quiet period may overlap with a restricted service period of a restricted target wake time (TWT) schedule of the wireless communication device. In one aspect, the wireless communication device may determine to ignore the first indication for the quiet period based on a defined rule or a separate indication indicating the wireless communication device to ignore the first indication.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for power saving operation in a wireless communication system, wherein the method comprises: receiving configuration information for the power saving operation; monitoring a power saving signal based on the configuration information; and determining whether to monitor a PDCCH based on the power saving signal.

Abstract: A network node (12, 17) dynamically configures and controls assistance information transmissions by wireless communications devices (14) in a wireless communications system (10). The assistance information facilitates performance of power saving adaptations for the wireless communications device (14). The network node (12, 17) configures what information to indicate in assistance information messages, how the message is sent by wireless communications devices (14), and/or when the message should be signaled. The wireless communications devices (14) transmit assistance information messages in accordance with configuration parameters signaled by the network node (12, 17).

Abstract: A battery management apparatus is discussed, and includes: a measuring unit connected to a battery and configured to operate in a measurement mode during a predetermined measurement time at each preset measurement cycle and measure battery information including at least one of voltage and temperature of the battery while operating in the measurement mode; and a control unit configured to operate in a communication mode during a preset operation time at each preset communication cycle, receive the battery information from the measuring unit while operating in the communication mode, set a next operation time point at which the measuring unit is to operate in the measurement mode based on at least one of the communication cycle and a measurement time, and change an operation time to operate in the communication mode at each subsequent communication cycle based on the measurement time.

Abstract: A method for configuring a network parameter includes: transmitting, by a terminal device, a configuration change request to a base station through a first physical layer resource, the first physical layer resource being a physical layer resource corresponding to a first network configuration parameter, and the first network configuration parameter being a target network configuration parameter requested by the terminal device; receiving a configuration change response from the base station, the configuration change response for indicating whether to employ the first network configuration parameter to adjust network parameter configuration; and determining whether to adjust the network parameter configuration based on the configuration change response.

Abstract: Techniques, systems, and devices to support user equipment (UE) in an extended discontinuous reception mode are described. A described technique performed by a radio access network (RAN) includes managing UE that is in an extended discontinuous reception mode and in an inactive state; sending a notification message to an access and mobility management function (AMF), the message comprising buffer support information for a user plane function (UPF) to buffer data; receiving a notification request message from the AMF, the notification request message comprising a request to obtain information regarding reachability of the UE; sending a notification response message to control when the UPF provides downlink data to the RAN for transmission to the UE; performing a connection resume procedure with the UE to cause the UE to switch to a connected state from the inactive state; receiving the downlink data; and transmitting the downlink data to the UE.

Abstract: Proposed is a method of performing wireless communication by a first apparatus. The method may include receiving one or more reference signals, each generated by one or more apparatuses, from the one or more apparatuses, and determining discontinuous detection (DTX) related to one or more second apparatuses among the one or more apparatuses based on the one or more reference signals, and transmitting hybrid automatic repeat request (HARD) feedback to the one or more second apparatuses.

Abstract: Provided are a monitoring method/device for monitoring a downlink control channel of a terminal in a wireless communication system, and a downlink control channel transmission method/device corresponding to the monitoring method/device. A PS-PDCCH including power saving information is monitored in a DRX-on period, and when the PS-PDCCH is detected, a PDCCH is monitored on the basis of same. The PS-PDCCH may provide notification about a specific search space set among a plurality of search space sets, and exceptionally skip PDCCH monitoring for the specific search space set.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. Disclosed is a method of controlling timer T3440 or T3540 in a User Equipment, UE, the timer being operable to guard a time during which the UE maintains a certain type of connection to a telecommunication network, wherein the timer has a default first time period in the absence of a first condition and a second condition being met, wherein if both the first condition and the second condition are met, then the first default time period is extended to a second time period.

Abstract: A terminal device for use with a wireless telecommunications network, the terminal device including a transceiver; and a controller configured to control the transceiver to exchange data with the wireless telecommunications network using one of a first communications service and a second communications service, the first communications service being associated with a first quality of service for exchanging data and the second communications service being associated with a second quality of service for exchanging data. The controller is configured to control the transceiver to establish one of a first set of radio connection states with the wireless telecommunications network and one of a second set of radio connection states with the wireless telecommunications network, and control the transceiver to establish the radio connection state of the first communications service independently of the radio connection state of the second communications service.

Abstract: Proposed are a method and device for receiving a feedback frame for MIMO beamforming in a wide band in a wireless LAN system. Specifically, a reception STA receives an NDPA frame from a transmission STA. The reception STA receives an NDP frame from the transmission STA. The reception STA transmits a feedback frame to the transmission STA on the basis of the NDP frame. The feedback frame includes information about a feedback subcarrier for the wide band. When the wide band is a continuous 320 MHz band and the grouping value is Ng, the indexes of the feedback subcarrier are set to [?2036:Ng:?1540], [?1532:Ng:?1036], [?1012:Ng:?516], [?508:Ng:?12], [12:Ng:508], [516:Ng:1012], [1036:Ng:1532] and [1540:Ng:2036].