Abstract: Provided in the present disclosure are a method executed by user equipment and user equipment, comprising: receiving an RRC message containing a pre-configured uplink resource configuration, the RRC message comprising a message related to an RRC connection configured by a base station, and the user equipment determining, according to carrier information in the pre-configured uplink resource configuration, whether the pre-configured uplink resource configuration is related to an anchor carrier or a non-anchor carrier.

Abstract: Communication devices and systems are disclosed. In one example, a communication device includes a LINK that performs protocol conversion of a signal from a Master and outputs the converted signal to a Slave SerDes, and of a signal from the Slave SerDes and outputs the converted signal to the Master. The LINK alternatively selects a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the LINK converts a 1-byte signal transmitted from the Master into a signal of a first communication standard in units of the 1-byte signal and transmits the converted signal to the Slave SerDes, then receives a signal of the first communication standard including an ACK signal representing an acknowledgement or a NACK signal representing a negative acknowledgement, and converts the received signal into a signal of a second communication standard and transmits the converted signal to the Master.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described in which a base station may configure a user equipment (UE) with a low latency mode indication that indicates one or more different retransmission timelines or repetition techniques relative to communications that are not associated with the low latency mode indication. The base station may provide the low latency mode indication in downlink control information (DCI) that may include a resource grant for uplink resources for an uplink communication, such as for a UE transmission of pose information of an extended reality (XR) application. The low latency mode indication may signal that no retransmissions of the uplink communication are to be transmitted, that a different retransmission timeline is enabled for low latency mode communications, that retransmissions may happen based on a particular timeline that is determined according to one or more timers, or any combinations thereof.

Abstract: A processing device writes file system data to a first area of a memory zone of a zoned block memory device based on a current position of a write pointer within the memory zone. The file system data comprises data files contained within a file system and file structure metadata describing a file structure of the file system. The processing device detects a write event based on the write pointer advancing past a predetermined memory address within the memory zone that corresponds to a checkpoint. The checkpoint is a second area within the memory zone that is designated for storing write event data. Based on detecting the write event, the processing device writes write event data to the checkpoint, the first write event data indicating a most recent memory address of a root node of the file structure within the memory zone.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications and, more particularly, to techniques for managing multi-link communications. Some aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for configuring data unit and control response transmissions on multiple links. The data unit and control responses may be configured such that a control response transmission does not overlap with a data unit reception at a station that is without simultaneous transmission and reception capability.

Abstract: A packet sending method of a controller includes obtaining a forwarding latency requirement of a service flow and a destination address of the service flow; determining a forwarding path that meets the forwarding latency requirement, and determining a number of a first cycle time in which an ingress node forwards a packet and a number of a second cycle time in which an intermediate node forwards the packet; sending a first entry to the ingress node that includes a sequence number of the packet and the first cycle time number; and sending a second entry to the intermediate node that includes the sequence number of the packet and the second cycle time number.

Abstract: Service transmission and service configuration sending methods and devices, a storage medium, a terminal, and a base station are provided. The service transmission method includes: receiving service configuration information, wherein the service configuration information comprises a correspondence between a service and a quantity of times of data transmission or a correspondence between the service and a quantity of times of data retransmission; and transmitting a candidate service data packet based on the service configuration information.

Abstract: Examples describe an egress port manager that uses an adaptive jitter selector to apply a jitter threshold level for a buffer, wherein the jitter threshold level is to indicate when egress of a packet segment from the buffer is allowed, wherein a packet segment comprises a packet header and wherein the jitter threshold level is adaptive based on a switch fabric load. In some examples, the jitter threshold level is to indicate a number of segments for the buffer's head of line (HOL) packet that are to be in the buffer or indicate a timer that starts at a time of issuance of a first read request for a first segment of the packet in the buffer. In some examples, the jitter threshold level is not more than a maximum transmission unit (MTU) size associated with the buffer.

Abstract: Packets received non-contiguously from a network are processed by a network interface controller by coalescing received packet payload into receive buffers on a receive buffer queue and writing descriptors associated with the receive buffers for a same flow consecutively in a receive completion queue. System performance is optimized by reusing a small working set of provisioned receive buffers to minimize the memory footprint of memory allocated to store packet data. The remainder of the provisioned buffers are in an overflow queue and can be assigned to the network interface controller if the small working set of receive buffers is not sufficient to keep up with the received packet rate. The receive buffer queue can be refilled based on either timers or when the number of buffers in the receive buffer queue is below a configurable low watermark.

Abstract: SR-enabled network nodes capable of replicating and recombining data packets in a manner that enables reliable, low-latency communications. In an example embodiment, a replicator node transmits to a combinator node multiple copies of a payload over different respective network paths, with the SR headers of the corresponding packets each having a replication segment identifier or a respective SID stack that includes the replication segment identifier. The combinator node delivers/forwards to the corresponding application/destination only the first-to-arrive payload copy and discards any subsequent payload copies based on the replication segment identifier. Some embodiments may beneficially reduce latency and packet loss concurrently and consistently. For example, packet loss may be reduced due to the transmission of multiple copies of the same payload over multiple network paths. Effective latency may be reduced due to the selection of the first-to-arrive payload copy for delivery/forwarding.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a processor to: receive a request to perform speech-to-text conversion of a speech data set; perform pause detection to identify a set of likely sentence pauses and/or speaker diarization technique to identify a set of likely speaker changes; based the set of likely sentence pauses and/or the set of likely speaker changes, divide the speech data set into data segments representing speech segments; use an acoustic model with the data segments to derive sets of probabilities of speech sounds uttered; store the sets of probabilities in temporal order within a buffer queue; distribute the sets of probabilities from the buffer queue in temporal order among threads of a thread pool; and within each thread, and based on set(s) of probabilities, derive one candidate word and select either the candidate word or an alternate candidate word derived from a language model as the next word most likely spoken.

Abstract: A load control system may include a network of devices configured to communicate with one another. The load control system may include control devices configured to operate as a leader device or another router device on the network. The control device may process advertisement messages from other router devices in the network. The control device may receive advertisement messages from non-leader router devices and compare the device identifier and the sequence number in the advertisement messages with the device identifier and the sequence number in previously-received advertisement messages from the non-leader router devices. The control device may process each advertisement message received with a different sequence identifier or a different device identifier than previously received advertisement messages from the non-leader router devices.

Abstract: A data processing method is provided in which a transmission frame is received from a transmitting device. The transmission frame is based on a split stream for one of a plurality of channels and channel bonding signaling information. Further, the received transmission frame is processed. The channel bonding signaling information includes signature information that uniquely identifies the input stream, and the signature information is contained in a header of the transmission frame of a plurality of channels and transmits the split streams, for example.

Abstract: A base station device includes: a storage that stores a group indicating unit data subject to retransmission out of predetermined number of unit data included in transmission data to be transmitted to a terminal device, and identification information to identify the group, in an associated manner; a receiver that receives, from the terminal device, identification information corresponding to transmission data transmitted to the terminal device; a communication controller that refers to the storage based on the received identification information, and that determines retransmission of unit data included in a group corresponding to the received identification information out of the transmission data; and a transmitter that transmits unit data included in the group determined to be retransmitted by the communication controller, to the terminal device.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention is a device-to-device (D2D) signal receiving method in which a terminal receives a D2D signal in a wireless communication system. The method includes the steps of: receiving a first medium access control protocol data unit (MAC PDU); receiving a second MAC PDU; and determining whether to combine the first MAC PDU and the second MAC PDU in order to decode; wherein whether to combine the first MAC PDU and the second MAC PDU in order to decode is determined from the number of transmissions of MAC PDUs and an NDI that have been instructed to the terminal.

Abstract: A system and methods for designing single-stage hardware sorting blocks, and further using the single-stage hardware sorting blocks to reduce the number of stages in multistage sorting processes, or to define multiway merge sorting networks.

Abstract: A method is used for uninterrupted data flushing in a storage system. A barrier in a page descriptor ring is determined to distinguish between a filling flushing work set (FWS) and a frozen FWS. A sequence number of an I/O request is compared to the barrier. A FWS corresponding to the I/O request is identified based on the comparison. The I/O request is committed to the identified FWS.

Abstract: A method for operating a first network device of a communications network, wherein the method comprises: determining or receiving, by means of an ingress interface, an ingress data stream comprising payload data to be transmitted towards a second network device; determining or receiving, by means of a correlation observer, at least one correlation value for a plurality of communication paths between the first network device and the second network device, wherein each of the plurality of communication paths comprises a different one of a plurality of physical channels; determining, by means of a multi-connectivity controller, a plurality of egress data streams in dependence on the at least one correlation value and in dependence on the ingress data stream; and transmitting, via a respective one of a plurality of egress queues, wherein each egress data stream is associated with a different one of the plurality of paths.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described that support control and data multiplexing in uplink wireless transmissions. Described techniques provide for efficient communication of uplink control information (UCI) through rate-matching uplink data around uplink control information in uplink transmissions, including information on amounts or types of UCI to be transmitted by a UE, indications in downlink transmissions of allocated UCI resources and whether associated UCI is to be included in allocated UCI resources, formatting and multiplexing of multiple wireless services at the UE, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The disclosure discloses a method and apparatus for reducing overhead of an Ethernet frame, a method and apparatus for efficiently performing a connection resume procedure of a terminal, and a method and apparatus for preventing a loss of data when performing an uplink user data compression procedure.

Abstract: Examples disclosed herein relate to a method comprising detecting a plurality of port sets between a first networking device with a first plurality of ports and a second networking device with a second plurality of ports, wherein each port set includes a first and second port of the first device having a same available interface rate. The method may comprise determining an interface rate and an operational state for each port set that is available to form a Link Aggregation Group and determining each grouping of port sets between the first and second device, wherein each grouping has at least one port set and each port set in the grouping has a same interface rate. The method may comprise calculating the interface rate for each grouping, determining a group with a highest interface rate from among the groupings and programing ports of the group into the LAG distribution.

Abstract: A communication system consists of a satellite constellation including a number of NGSO satellites, one or more gateways and a control center. The satellites facilitate communication for multiple user terminals. Each gateway communicates with the satellites and user terminals and provides connectivity to the terrestrial networks, and the control center controls operation of the satellites, the gateways and the user terminals. The satellites, the user terminals, the gateways and the control center include hardware that may be software-defined network (SDN) enabled to ensure efficient admission control, precision handover management and quality-of-service (QoS) enforcement algorithms.

Abstract: A source device executing the application can transmit the streaming content to the playback device. The size of the buffer can be changed during the playback of streaming content. To perform the change seamlessly, embodiments can cause the application to provide the streaming content at an increased or decreased rate, depending on how the size of the playback buffer is to be changed. The new buffer size (i.e., smaller or larger amount) can provide improved playback of the streaming content, e.g., based on a latency-reliability tradeoff as determined using various factors (e.g., quality of connection between the devices). The changed rate for providing the streaming content can be achieved by slowing down or speeding up a clock signal that is provided to the application.

Abstract: Certain embodiments provide systems and methods to perform in-line translation of message content according to FIX protocol variants in a trading system. An example method includes receiving, at a computing device, a message formatted according to a FIX protocol, the message including message content and a message wrapper, the message wrapper providing session and delivery information for the message to a target. The example method includes performing in-line translation of the message content of the received message to adjust the message content according to a predefined set of rules without affecting the message wrapper (with the possible exception of the message size) and message routing session. The example method includes facilitating routing of the message to the target based on the message wrapper.

Abstract: The presentation invention relates to methods and apparatus for managing cable network power consumption. An exemplary method in accordance with one embodiment includes the steps of: receiving, by a cable modem positioned between a cable modem termination system (CMTS) and a wireless base station, CMTS buffer information; receiving, by the cable modem, wireless base station buffer information; switching, by the cable modem, from a first mode of operation to a second mode of operation after performing one or both of: (i) transmitting uplink data to the CMTS, and (ii) transmitting downlink data to the wireless base station, the second mode of operation being a power savings modem of operation; remaining in the power savings mode of operation for a first time period, the first time period being based on at least one of said CMTS buffer information or said wireless base station buffer information.

Abstract: Information is removed from data transmitted over networks and stored in data storage facilities by generating non-informational data as an output from a series of nodes (routers, computing devices or logical routing applications) by using a function that applies random data to the data received at each node. The function may be an XOR and the random data may be a pseudorandom string of the same length as the informational data. The non-informational data may be managed normally without concern for security. When the informational data is needed it can be re-generated using the non-informational data and a cascade of the random data from the series of nodes as inputs to an inverse function (XOR is its own inverse). The random data may be generated from a smaller random seed.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques are described for proactively computing configuration information for policy-driven on-demand tunnel creation and deletion between sites in a software-defined networking in wide area network (SD-WAN) environment. In some examples, a controller device is configured to precompute configuration data for an overlay tunnel through the wide area network to connect a first site and a second site of a plurality of sites in the SD-WAN environment. The controller device is further configured to obtain, after precomputing the configuration data, an indication to configure the overlay tunnel. The controller device is also configured to send, in response to receiving the indication to configure the overlay tunnel, at least some of the configuration data to the first site to configure the first site with the overlay tunnel.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure are drawn to a client device for use with an access point device. The client device includes: a memory; and a processor configured to execute instructions stored on the memory to cause the client device to: obtain a value associated with a capability of the client device, create a response including a header and a payload, the header including a reserved field including a bit reporting that the payload of the response includes the value associated with the capability, and transmit the response to the APD.

Abstract: A method for detecting an attack on a serial communications system which determines the status of messages transmitted via the serial communications system to obtain a sequence of statuses, compares the sequence of statuses with at least one reference sequence, and determines that there is an attack on the serial communications system in response to the sequence of statuses deviating from the reference sequence. The status of one of the messages is based on properties of the message and properties of a preceding message.

Abstract: Described embodiments provide systems and method for intelligent path selection to reduce latency and maintain security. A client can request access to a server and multiple connections can be initiated to the requested destination, for example, a direct connection from a branch office and a backhauled connection through a data center. Traffic via the second connection can be controllable by application of at least one rule of the data center. A device can determine a delay in the exchange of data via the connections and a security level of the connections. The determination of the delay in the exchange of data via the another connection can be based on in part feedback about the application of the rule. The device can connect a client device to a server through one of the connections using the determination of the delay and the security level of the connection.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication arrangement (110, 130) adapted for link aggregation of a plurality of communication links (120a, 120b, 120c), comprised in an Aggregation Group, AG, (121). The communication arrangement (110, 130) is adapted to communicate via the plurality of communication links (120a, 120b, 120c) and comprises a traffic handling unit (112, 132) that is adapted to obtain data segments (414-423) to be transmitted, and to determine a risk of re-ordering of data segments within a certain data flow (401, 404) comprising a certain data segment (416, 417; 421). Said risk is associated with transmitting said certain data segment via a certain communication link out of the plurality of communication links (120a, 120b, 120c).

Abstract: Various aspects related to various apparatuses, methods, and computer-readable medium are described herein. Some aspects may enable an apparatus to protect downlink (DL) communication(s). Some aspects may enable an apparatus to perform DL communication(s). Some aspects may enable an apparatus to communicate regarding uplink (UL) communication(s). Some aspects may enable an apparatus to perform operation(s) related to an allocation vector. Some aspects may enable an apparatus to perform operation(s) related to random access. Some aspects may enable an apparatus to perform UL communication(s). The written description and appended drawings provide detailed descriptions regarding these and many other aspects.

Abstract: A method and apparatus decode packetized data in the presence of packet erasures using a finite sliding window technique. A decoder receives packets containing uncoded and coded symbols. When a packet with a coded symbol is received, the decoder determines whether a packet sequence number is within a sliding window of w consecutive sequence numbers that are no greater than a decoder sequence number, where the number w is fixed prior to encoding. When this is the case, the decoder decodes the coded symbol into one or more of the w input symbols using the coefficient vector. Decoding may use a forward error correcting (FEC) window within the finite sliding window. Decoding also may use a technique of Gaussian elimination to produce a “shifted” row echelon coefficient matrix.

Abstract: Surgical hub systems are disclosed. A surgical hub system comprises a surgical hub configured to communicably couple to a modular device comprising a sensor configured to detect data associated with the modular device and a device processor. The surgical hub comprises a hub processor, a hub memory coupled to the hub processor. The surgical hub system also comprises a distributed control system executable at least in part by each of the device processor and the hub processor. The distributed control system is configured to: receive the data detected by the sensor; determine control adjustments for the modular device according to the data; and control the modular device according to the control adjustments. When in a first mode, the distributed control system is executed by both the hub processor and the device processor. In a second mode, the distributed control system is executed solely by the device processor.

Abstract: A data packet transmission method and device, a storage medium and a terminal are provided. During multi-link transmission, a first failed data packet in a transmission window is duplicated to at least one other link of multiple links, where the multiple links include a first link on which the first failed data packet is transmitted and the at least one other link. The first failed data packet is retransmitted on the at least one other link and the first link, wherein the first failed data packet is a data packet whose transmission does not succeed and which has a smallest sequence number in the transmission window.

Abstract: A communications apparatus includes a receiver and a processor. The receiver is configured to receive wireless signals. The wireless signals include a plurality of packets. The processor is coupled to the receiver and includes a first logic configured to perform operations of a first protocol layer and a second logic configured to perform operations of a second protocol layer higher than the first protocol layer. The operations of the first protocol layer includes: starting a timer in response to receiving a first packet with a first count value that is different from a deliver count value; and delivering a second packet with a second count value that is different from the deliver count value to the second logic before the timer expires.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus include computer programs encoded on a computer-readable storage medium, including a system that controls content distribution using a feedback loop. Content is distributed over multiple different online channels using a same initial selection value for distribution over each different online channel. An observed user actions required for distribution of the content over the multiple different online channels is received through a feedback loop and for multiple different distributions of the content. Based on the observed user actions received through the feedback loop, a predicted user action rate is determined for the multiple different distributions across the multiple different online channels. The selection value is adjusted based on a difference between the predicted user action rate and a reference distribution amount specified by a provider of the content. The content is distributed over the multiple different online channels using the adjusted selection value.

Abstract: This application provides a method and an apparatus for avoiding packet fragmentation. In the embodiments of this application, when receiving a first service packet sent by a first device, a second device first determines whether a length of the first service packet is greater than that of a first MTU maintained by the second device, where the first MTU is determined based on both a second MTU of an IP link and a packet header encapsulated based on a GTPU tunnel; and when the first service packet is greater than the first MTU size, the first MTU size is sent to the first device. Based on this, in the embodiments of this application, the second device may be prevented from fragmenting a service packet, and the third device may be prevented from reassembling the service packet, thereby improving data transmission efficiency of a GTPU tunnel.

Abstract: Embodiments herein disclose a method for handling PDCP operation by an EN-DC capable UE in a wireless communication system. The method includes receiving, by an EN-DC capable UE, LTE PDCP PDUs from the LTE RLC entity by a receiver LTE PDCP entity upon re-establishing LTE RLC entity based on the indication that indicates a PDCP version change from a LTE PDCP to a NR PDCP. Further, the method includes processing the LTE PDCP PDUs at the receiver LTE PDCP entity using a LTE format. Further, the method includes reestablishing the receiver LTE PDCP entity and a transmitter LTE PDCP entity of the UE.

Abstract: A packet sending method, a network node, and a system, where a controller obtains a forwarding latency requirement of a service flow and a destination address of the service flow, determines a forwarding path that meets the forwarding latency requirement, and determines a number of a first cycle time in which an ingress node forwards a packet and a number of a second cycle time in which an intermediate node forwards the packet. The controller sends a first entry to the ingress node. The first entry includes a sequence number of the packet and the first cycle time number. The controller sends a second entry to the intermediate node. The second entry includes the sequence number of the packet and the second cycle time number.

Abstract: The present technology relates to a demodulation device, a processing device, a reception device, and a data processing method for more flexibly coping with change in transmission method. Provided is a demodulation device including a demodulation unit configured to demodulate a first transmission packet obtained from a broadcast signal, and an output unit configured to output a divided packet via a predetermined interface, the divided packet being obtained by dividing the first transmission packet that is a variable-length packet used in a first transmission method into a packet length according to a second transmission packet that is a fixed-length packet used in a second transmission method and arranging the first transmission packet in a payload, and adding a header including information for restoring the first transmission packet to the payload. The present technology can be applied to, for example, a demodulation IC incorporated in a television receiver or a set top box.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for efficient data transfer within a user space network stack. Unlike prior art monolithic networking stacks, the exemplary networking stack architecture described hereinafter includes various components that span multiple domains (both in-kernel, and non-kernel). For example, unlike traditional “socket” based communication, disclosed embodiments can transfer data directly between the kernel and user space domains. Direct transfer reduces the per-byte and per-packet costs relative to socket based communication. A user space networking stack is disclosed that enables extensible, cross-platform-capable, user space control of the networking protocol stack functionality. The user space networking stack facilitates tighter integration between the protocol layers (including TLS) and the application or daemon. Exemplary systems can support multiple networking protocol stack instances (including an in-kernel traditional network stack).

Abstract: The embodiments of the present application discloses a radio resource configuration method, a network-side device and a user-side device. The method includes: receiving configuration information for indicating to perform activation or deactivation of a radio resource configuration; wherein the radio resource configuration includes a CORESET configuration and/or a quasi co-location (QCL) related configuration; activating or deactivating the radio resource configuration according to the configuration information. In the application, the activation or deactivation of the radio resource configuration is achieved; moreover, the rapid activation or deactivation of the radio resource configuration is achieved; it is ensured that the times known by the network-side device and the user-side device, at which the activation or deactivation operation on the user-side device is performed, are consistent; and the utilization efficiency of air interface resources is improved.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention are a relay transmission method and, device, enabling reduction of complexity of relay transmission and a decrease of transmission latency. The method comprises: a relay terminal apparatus receives a first lower-level data frame sent by a transmitting-end apparatus to a receiving-end apparatus, wherein the first lower-layer data frame is obtained by the transmitting-end apparatus by means of processing a MAC PDU carrying identifier information of a remote terminal apparatus; the relay terminal apparatus determines, at the lower layer, whether the first lower layer data frame is required to be forwarded; and the relay terminal apparatus forwards, at the lower layer, the first lower-layer data frame, wherein the transmitting-end apparatus is the remote terminal apparatus, and the receiving-end apparatus is a network apparatus; alternatively, the transmitting-end apparatus is a network apparatus, and the receiving-end apparatus is the remote terminal apparatus.

Abstract: Provided are systems and methods for reliable, out-of-order transmission of packets. In some implementations, provided is an apparatus configured to communicate with a network and a host device. The apparatus may receive messages from the host device at a send queue, where each message includes destination information. The apparatus may further determine, using the destination information and an identify of the send queue, a transport context associated with a destination on the network. The apparatus may further, for each message and using the transport context, generate a packet including the message and transmit the packet over the network. The apparatus may further monitor status for each transmitted packet.

Abstract: The present technology relates to a demodulation device, a processing device, a reception device, and a data processing method for more flexibly coping with change in transmission method. Provided is a demodulation device including a demodulation unit configured to demodulate a first transmission packet obtained from a broadcast signal, and an output unit configured to output a divided packet via a predetermined interface, the divided packet being obtained by dividing the first transmission packet that is a variable-length packet used in a first transmission method into a packet length according to a second transmission packet that is a fixed-length packet used in a second transmission method and arranging the first transmission packet in a payload, and adding a header including information for restoring the first transmission packet to the payload. The present technology can be applied to, for example, a demodulation IC incorporated in a television receiver or a set top box.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a 5G (5th generation) or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate than a 4G (4th generation) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). In accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure, a device in a Central Unit (CU) connected to a Distributed Unit (DU) and a fronthaul in a wireless communication system may comprise: a communication interface for performing signaling between the CU and the DU; and at least one processor for determining whether to control a congestion state of the DU on the basis of the signaling, and when controlling the congestion state of the DU, stopping transmission of at least one packet to the DU before processing a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP).

Abstract: A communication method for controlling a first radio communication apparatus and a second radio communication apparatus. The first radio communication apparatus to include a first transmitting radio link control (RLC) entity which is a primary RLC entity, a second transmitting RLC entity which is an additional RLC entity, and a transmitting packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) entity to send an identical packet to both the first transmitting RLC entity and the second transmitting RLC entity. The second radio communication apparatus to include a first receiving RLC entity which is a primary RLC entity to receive a packet from the first transmitting RLC entity, a second receiving RLC entity which is an additional RLC entity to receive a packet from the second transmitting RLC entity, and a receiving PDCP entity to receive packets from both the first receiving RLC entity and the second receiving RLC entity.

Abstract: A wireless device receives one or more messages from a base station. The one or more messages indicate one or more monitoring occasions for a DCI. A first downlink reference signal is selected from one or more downlink reference signals based on a received signal strength of the first downlink reference signal being above a value. A radio network identifier is determined, based on at least one index indicating a time resource in which the first downlink reference signal is received. The DCI addressed to the radio network identifier is received. The DCI indicates one or more random access occasions (ROs). A preamble is transmitted, via one of the one or more ROs, in response to receiving the DCI.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are provided for operating HARQ in a mobile communication system. The method includes receiving a number of HARQ processes of a semi-persistent resource allocation and semi-persistent resource allocation interval information for a first transmission; receiving data in the first transmission at a subframe based on the semi-persistent resource allocation interval information; calculating a HARQ process IDentifier (ID) using the number of HARQ processes of the semi-persistent resource allocation, the semi-persistent resource allocation interval information, and time information; receiving control information including the HARQ process ID on an L1 control channel; receiving data in a retransmission based on the control information including the HARQ process ID; combining the data received in the first transmission and the data received in the retransmission; and decoding the combined data.