Abstract: A method for transmitting a protocol data unit (PDU) includes receiving one or more Ethernet packets and reading a header associated with each of the one or more Ethernet packets. The method further includes generating a transmit descriptor that includes a plurality of fields containing information for preparing a protocol data unit (PDU), and preparing a PDU according to the transmit descriptor. The method also includes transmitting a burst, wherein the burst includes one or more PDUs.

Abstract: A first control data generation unit configured to generate first control data, a control data allocation processing unit configured to perform allocation processing for the first control data in order to reserve an area for the first control data in a frame memory, a data write control unit configured to write user data in an area in the frame memory except the area where the allocation processing is performed, and a transmission unit configured to transmit transmission data based on the data written in the frame memory are included, and the data write control unit writes the generated first control data in the area where the allocation processing is performed in the frame memory after generation of the first control data and after the allocation processing of the first control data and after writing the user data and before the transmission data is transmitted.

Abstract: In a frame relay apparatus or a frame relay method, in order to be able to transfer data between channels having different maximum transfer units, payloads are fragmentized or combined and assembled into a frame, in response to the maximum transfer units of the channels. Fragmentized payloads are associated with the original data. By doing so, especially the number of frames in a channel with a large maximum transfer unit is controlled, and the transfer efficiency of frames of the entire network may be improved.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a packet including a packet data fragment and packet information with a transmission device, the method includes determining a concatenated quantity of packets based on size of the packet data fragment, generating a concatenated packet including packet data fragments corresponding to a plurality of first packets, wherein a number of the packet data fragments is determined based on the concatenated quantity, and packet information corresponding to the first packets, and transmitting the concatenated packet in any one of a plurality of communication cycles.

Abstract: A communication device includes a network interface that communicatively interfaces an IP protocol layer and an SMS protocol stack. The network interface includes an adaptation layer that receives IP packets from the IP protocol layer, and outputs the IP packets to the SMS protocol stack. A transmitter circuit transmits the SMS messages, which encapsulate the IP packets, to a remote device via a communication network. The adaptation layer also receives specially designated SMS messages from the SMS protocol stack. The received SMS messages include encapsulated IP packets. Upon receipt, the adaptation layer processes the SMS messages, and delivers the IP packets decapsulated from the SMS messages to an application through the IP protocol layer.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data, especially text messages, via communication networks such as Internet or mobile radio telephone services to a selection of addresses contained in a distribution list, Automatic compensation occurs in a network element managing the distribution list between the distribution list and an exclusion list added to the data that is to be transmitted, prior to forwarding said data.

Abstract: An apparatus for interfacing with a cell delay variation buffer and a re-assembly memory buffer includes a header and sequence number processing module that can interface with the cell delay variation buffer and a re-assembly processing module that can interface with the re-assembly memory buffer. The header and sequence number processing module causes payloads from the cells to be stored in annotated form in the cell delay variation buffer and then extracted. Payload information from the extracted annotated payload can be passed to the re-assembly processing module which causes it to be stored in the re-assembly memory buffer and extracted therefrom as needed. By splitting the cell delay variation and re-assembly buffer functions, less expensive commodity memory can be used for the cell delay variation buffer function.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for distributing network address translation. By having a gateway inform inside devices of global addresses, the gateway can avoid performing many functions of a traditional NAT box. Specifically, an inside device is informed of a global address shared by all devices on the inside device's network segment. Each device on that segment would be assigned a range of ports to distinguish messages from separate devices that use the same global address.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a transmitter having a radio protocol with an upper layer and a lower layer therein used for management of full header packet transmission when transmitting data packets to a receiver are provided. If the upper layer receives from the lower layer, information of a successful transmission of a full header packet, the upper layer decides to stop sending any additional full header packet that contains the same full header as the previously successfully transmitted full header packet.

Abstract: A storage device is communicatively coupled to a management station and comprises an interface manager to send a notification to the management station when a network address of the storage device is changed to a new address. The management station retains information on the network address of the storage device and, upon receipt of a notification, reestablishes a connection to the storage device using the new address. Related methods, and components of the system, are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for constructing a data unit that includes a buffer status report (BSR) such that when BSR triggering is performed, the size(s) of the necessary sub-header(s) are also to be considered together in addition to the BSR size. There is a checking unit that checks whether any padding region is available in a MAC PDU that was constructed, a comparing unit that compares the number of padding bits with the size of a buffer status report (BSR) plus its sub-header, and a processing unit that cooperates with the checking unit and the comparing unit to trigger a buffer status report (BSR) procedure if the number of padding bits is larger than the size of the BSR plus its sub-header, including the BSR and its sub-header in the MAC PDU, and setting an LCID in the sub-header to indicate a BSR is included, the BSR having been triggered due to padding. Using such apparatus allows the sub-header(s) to be inserted (included) into the MAC PDU (or transport block (TB) or other data unit).

Abstract: A receiving apparatus receiving data separated into a plurality of fragments comprises a detection unit adapted to detect the fragment size of the fragments, and a management unit adapted to manage the arrival status of the plurality of received fragments using the detected fragment size as a unit.

Abstract: A method of classifying, scheduling, prioritizing, and optimizing data to provide a final data packet ready for transmission by the modem to the head end. Additionally, a feedback loop is provided to improve scheduling, prioritizing and optimizing data by providing real-time bandwidth availability related information and maximum packet size to be sent over the physical layer.

Abstract: A start code detecting apparatus comprises a data inputting unit which inputs PES data, a start code searching unit which searches for a code of a predetermined byte included in the PES data inputted by the data inputting unit, a separated start code estimating unit which refers to a stream located next to a code of a predetermined byte searched by the start code searching unit and estimates whether there is a separated ES start code or not based on the reference result, and a data outputting unit which outputs predetermined data. The start code searching unit generates location data which represents a location of the PES start code or the ES start code based on the searching result and the estimation result of the separated start code estimating unit. The data outputting unit outputs the location data generated by the start code searching unit.

Abstract: A method is provided for offloading packet protocol encapsulation from software. In operation, pointer information is received. Furthermore, packet protocol encapsulation is offloaded from software by assembling packets in hardware, using the pointer information.

Abstract: Provided is a data transmission method using time slicing, the method includes: generating a plurality of transmission frames by realigning a plurality of pieces of data of a same layer among data of a plurality of original frames classified in a hierarchical structure based on a resolution; and transmitting the plurality of transmission frames according to a transmission order based on the hierarchical structure.

Abstract: In general, in one aspect, the disclosures describes a method that includes receiving multiple ingress Internet Protocol packets, each of the multiple ingress Internet Protocol packets having an Internet Protocol header and a Transmission Control Protocol segment having a Transmission Control Protocol header and a Transmission Control Protocol payload, where the multiple packets belonging to a same Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol flow. The method also includes preparing an Internet Protocol packet having a single Internet Protocol header and a single Transmission Control Protocol segment having a single Transmission Control Protocol header and a single payload formed by a combination of the Transmission Control Protocol segment payloads of the multiple Internet Protocol packets. The method further includes generating a signal that causes receive processing of the Internet Protocol packet.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for packet processing by re-insertion into network interface circuitry. A method for handling a burst of packets sent to network interface circuitry includes checking for a connection table entry for received packets, and responsive to non-existence of the connection table entry for the received packets, sending the packets to network interface software for processing. The network interface software processing includes: building the connection table entry; processing the packets; and sending the packets as processed to the network interface circuitry. Additionally, a method for re-inserting a packet responsive to an active audit mode is described.

Abstract: A communication control device comprises a calculation part for calculating the number of frames and the frame length for transmitting the transmit data, a payload division part for dividing the transmit data into frame units based on the calculation results of the calculation part, and a header generation part for generating a header to be appended to the transmit data of frame unit based on the calculation results of the calculation part in the midst of dividing the transmit data by the payload division part. Thereby, the parallel processing ability of the hardware can be exhibited, a memory management method can be simplified, and the transmit data can be outputted as the frame at high speed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for assembling a first network layer data unit from one or more second layer data units is described. The approach comprises receiving multiple second network layer data units, identifying whether all second network data layer units required for assembling a complete first network layer data unit have been received and, if not, assembling a partial first network layer data unit from the received second network data layer unit.

Abstract: A parser system is arranged to receive a data stream (1) having interleaved sections derived from a plurality of different packets, and to extract data from each section as it arrives. The parser system has a scanning section which receives information about each of the sections of data defining which packet it relates to, and employs this information and the properties of the data stream, to identify the locations of layer (2), layer (3) and layer (4) data. This information is passed to parser units (7), (9) which extract data based on this data and also offsets. The offsets for the parser (7) are stored in user-programmable registers (9).

Abstract: A system and method of sending video and audio data over a network. At least some of the illustrative embodiments may be a method comprising writing at least a portion of encoded video data and accompanying encoded audio data to a first buffer (the first buffer accumulating payload of a first datagram), writing transactional data to the first buffer, running a timer simultaneously with the writing, ceasing writing transactional data to the first buffer the earlier of when the first datagram payload meets a predetermined size or the expiration of the timer after a predetermined time, and then sending the first datagram over a network.

Abstract: Adaptive communication method and apparatus are provided for third generation mobile transmission system (UMTS). A third layer module is provided to dominate transmission resources. A second layer module is provided to perform quality control. A first layer module is provided to perform signal transmission and reception. It is detected whether the first layer module supports a high speed protocol. If the first layer module supports the high speed protocol, the high speed protocol is used for transmission. If the first layer module does not support the high speed protocol, a conventional protocol is used for the transmission.

Abstract: Systems and methods provide a secure network path through an inner and outer firewall pair between a mobile node on a foreign network and a corresponding node on a home network. One aspect of the systems and methods includes providing a mobile IP proxy between the mobile node and a VPN gateway inside the firewalls. The mobile IP proxy acts as a surrogate home agent to the mobile node, and acts as a surrogate mobile node to a home agent residing on the home network.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of transceiving a bit stream, by which a video bit stream is stably transmitted by the effective use of two logic channels when communication is established by the two logic channels during transmission of the video bit stream in a communication network, is provided. In this method, a source is encoded into a bit stream using a predetermined type of coding. Then, the encoded bit stream is transmitted to each communication protocol layer, while the header of each communication protocol layer is added to a payload. The header is transmitted separately from the bit stream.

Abstract: A system and method for transmitting information to a group of recipient devices according to a transmission schedule. A sequence of M blocks of information are transformed into N transformed blocks, where M and N are integers and N?M. Each of the N transformed blocks are transmitted to a group of user devices in a network in accordance with a transmission schedule. At one of the user devices at least some of the N transformed blocks are received. When K distinct transformed blocks have been received, where K is an integer and K<N, the information is reconstructed from the K transformed blocks. In some implementations, at least one recipient device reduces power, after receiving a recipient schedule including a transmission time of at least one desired content, until or near the transmission time of the at least one desired content.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for transmitting data over a wireless mesh network include generating a first mesh header having a plurality of fields, and extending the first mesh header by prepending a protocol header to generate a second mesh header. The second mesh header may be inserted into a protocol data unit for transmitting the protocol data unit via the mesh network.

Abstract: A packet processing system architecture and method are provided. According to one implementation, the system can include a first and second memory elements and a processor. The first memory element may be utilized for storing: A plurality of packet quality of service indicators; A first packet quality of service field; and A second packet quality of service field. The second memory element is utilized for storing a plurality of second packet quality of service indicators. The processor is operatively coupled to the memory elements for receiving quality of service commands, wherein the service commands include a plurality of third packet quality of service indicators. The processor uses an index to search the second memory element and the search returns a subset of the plurality of second packet quality of service indicators. The index may be the egress marking set or a queue number.

Abstract: Load balanced transport of best efforts traffic together with delay-bounded traffic over a multilink bundle combines fragmentation and fragment distribution for best efforts packets with per-flow balancing for delay-bounded traffic. In the preferred embodiments, the best efforts packets receive Multilink Protocol treatment, including fragmentation and addition of sequence headers. Fragments of packets for one such communication go over the various links within the bundle, as appropriate for load balancing on the links. For each delay-bounded flow, such as for a VOIP service, the sending node hashes the packet header data and applies all packets for the flow to one of the links, assigned as a function of the hash value. Different flow headers produce different hash results; therefore the node sends different flows over the different links in a substantially balanced manner.

Abstract: An uncompressed packet header can be compressed in size to form a smaller, compressed packet header, such that the compressed header can include values that can be used to reproduce the uncompressed header. A compressed header can include at least two such values. A first value of the at least two values can be computed based on a second uncompressed header and can be used to derive the uncompressed header. Similarly, a second value of the at least two values can be computed based on a third uncompressed header and can be used to derive the same uncompressed header. Accordingly, the uncompressed header can be derived based on the first value and the second uncompressed header, or based on the second value and the third uncompressed header. The uncompressed header, second uncompressed header, and third uncompressed header can be associated with different packets.

Abstract: A reorder engine classifies information relating to incoming data items as belonging to either a first, second, or third region. The information relating to the data items may arrive at the reorder engine out of order. The data items each include a sequence number through which the reorder engine may reconstruct the correct order of the data items. Based on the classification, the reorder engine may either process the data items normally or drop certain ones of the data items. The majority of incoming data items will fall in the first region and are processed normally. Data items arriving in the second region indicate that a previous data item is late or delayed. If this previous data item is delayed but does eventually arrive, it will arrive in the third region and is simply ignored.

Abstract: A method of assembling a plurality of frames including cell/packet-formatted data according to a predetermined frame format for transmission in a communication signal in a wireless or satellite environment. The method begins by assembling a data payload for each frame having a first variable size, including at least one of a partial data cell/packet and a complete data cell/packet. Then, for each frame a block code having a second variable size is generated for use in error correction. Each frame is provided with a frame header which defines aspects of said frame. Finally, the data payload, the block code and the format header are combined to form a frame corresponding to the plurality of frames, the format header defining a first portion of the frame, the data payload defining a second portion of the frame and the block code defining a third portion of the frame.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus and method is described that determines, on a frame-by-frame basis, whether to transmit a compressed frame or a non-compressed frame, depending upon whether the compressed frame or the non-compressed frame will actually be smaller in size. The frame that is smaller is indicated for transmission, with a header of the frame being adapted to include a compression flag indicating whether that frame is the compressed or the non-compressed frame. After wireless transmission and reception, the received frame is, if needed, decompressed if so indicated by the compression flag.

Abstract: A host device connected to a network includes a storage unit configured to store first identification information dynamically assigned to a device connected to the network and second identification information unique to the device, and an updating unit acquiring the first identification information and the second identification information from the device and updating the first identification information stored in the storage unit with the acquired first identification information based on the acquired second identification information.

Abstract: A packetized data bus interface may be placed in a mode where data packets may be transmitted that are much larger than the standard packet size. The mode may allow the interface device and any other devices, networks, or transmission lines attached to the interface device to be more thoroughly exercised than previously able. The mode may be used for characterizing various aspects of the data interface.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for increasing data transfer efficiency between networks. The invention being particularly well suited when establishing connectivity between wireless networks, such as based on IEEE 802 standards, and traditionally wired network protocols (often referred to as internet protocols), such as TCP/IP and UDP. The invention provides formatting of network packets and then processing of network packets according to one or more optimization processes. One optimization process comprises performing partial packet retransmissions to increase network efficiency, especially in high bit error rate networks such as wireless networks. Another optimization process comprises suppressing unnecessary packet acknowledgements, therein reducing burst traffic and saving substantial overhead in lossy networks. Additional aspects of the invention provide further benefits.

Abstract: A method of operating a mobile wireless network is described to ensure proper function of protocol entities during the transmission of data units between two wireless stations of the mobile wireless network. In this case, user data is assembled by a first convergence protocol layer of the first wireless station into at least one first data unit, particularly a packet data unit, before transmission to a second convergence protocol layer of a second wireless station, particularly on the same protocol level, with the user data being supplied to the first convergence protocol layer by at least one user in a network layer. At least one protocol entity of the first convergence protocol layer is configured as a function of a configuration request received by the second wireless station, in order to form the at least one first data unit from the data received from the at least one user and to transmit it through a carrier to a link control layer.

Abstract: A communication apparatus according to the invention can be applied to constitute each of relay nodes in a novel wireless communication network, in which the number of relaying stages formed with the relay nodes can be freely set without restriction by the amount of communication information to be processed, and consequently, a multistage-relayed communication extending over a long distance can be carried out to realize a long-distance communication.

Abstract: Various regulatory domains promulgate standards to define how wireless devices should operate in certain frequency bands. The 5 GHz spectrum is of particular importance to certain regulatory domains because of radar systems also operating in this spectrum. To avoid interference with such radar systems, wireless devices operating in this spectrum should be able to detect radar and quickly vacate any channels currently used by the radar systems. Techniques are provided for performing startup scans for radar, identifying backup channels for a possible channel switch, and efficiently changing channels in the event of radar detection in the operating channel. These techniques advantageously meet current regulatory standards governing DFS while minimizing network startup delays and disruption to users during a radar event.

Abstract: Fast recovery from losses is an important problem for reliable data communication protocols. The Internet standard TCP protocol (Transmission Control Protocol) implements two algorithms for that: an original one based on a special timer, and a later addition to TCP that is triggered when there are three packets received by the client after the missing one. Web communications are most frequently carrying rather small objects that are generally ineligible for anything other than timeout-based retransmission schemes. The present invention describes a system delivering performance improvements to TCP (and other reliable data communication protocols) that are compliant with present Internet standards. One improvement is to send duplicates of packets without waiting for a timeout to occur. Another is to split particular parts of a data stream into smaller packets. A third is to send packets out-of-order to force the remote host to acknowledge all packets that were successfully received.

Abstract: A signal transmission apparatus is connected to a network as one node among a plurality of nodes involved in the network which is provided with an audio signal transmission period for transmitting a plurality of channels of audio signals each transmission cycle and a control data transmission period for transmitting control data of the plurality of the nodes each control cycle by using an idle time period other than the audio signal transmission period. In the signal transmission apparatus, a storage section stores configuration information of the one node. A transmitting section transmits the control data including an error checking code of the configuration information. A receiving section receives request data from another node, the request data requesting the one node for transmission of an information block of the configuration information. A control section controls the transmitting section to transmit the information block in response to the request data.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus for stably transmitting or receiving data of high priority is provided. In the transmission apparatus of the present invention, processing of the priority packet to be transmitted and processed by priority and processing of the non-priority packet are conducted separately. At transmission side, the above-mentioned priority packet is transmitted by priority by making its average transmission interval shorter than its average generation interval, and said non-priority packet is transmitted during the transmit margin period caused by the above-mentioned processing. At receive side, in the layer of processing the receive frame as a layer lower than the layer of processing the priority packet and non-priority packet, the priority packet and the non-priority packet is sorted based on the communication protocol header of the receive packet stored in the receive frame, and processing of the priority packet and that of the non-priority packet are conducted separately.

Abstract: An apparatus is described having a plurality of network processors that identify, for each of a plurality of packets, which multidimensional queue from amongst a plurality of multidimensional queues that each one of the plurality of packets should be enqueued into. Each of the network processors is able to identify a particular multidimensional queue for a different one of the plurality of packets.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transceiving multiple service data from multiple communication services to a SONET/SDH communication system or network are provided. A SONET/SDH universal framer (SURF) bidirectionally provides communication between a SONET/SDH communication port and multiple service communication ports using their native data format. A SONET/SDH byte engine processes complex hierarchical SONET/SDH frames storing intermediate states when it changes to process a byte of data of a different STS-1 equivalent frame in a SONET/SDH STS-N frame. A service byte engine processes the multitude of service data formats and generally intermediate states are restored, processed, and saved when the service byte engine changes to process a different data stream or a different frame of data of a given service.

Abstract: A packet parser is described that parses a packet by identifying the locations of respective packet layers. A staged approach to parsing the packet is employed whereby a first stage tests the packet data units within a first window for the presence of a first packet layer, and a second stage, at least partly in parallel with the first stage, tests the packet data units within a second overlapping window for the presence of a second packet layer. In response to an embedded packet comprising a first packet forming the payload portion of a second packet, the parser produces a data structure comprising first data that identifies the location of the first packet, second data that identifies the location of the second packet, third data that identifies one or more layers of the first packet, and fourth data that identifies one or more layers of the second packet.

Abstract: In a method and arrangement for providing services, a first data processing device provides a service for a remote second data processing device, the first service being implemented according to a service configuration and the first service configuration is modularly composed of a plurality of components, with at least one of the components of the service configuration being modifiable to update the service.

Abstract: The processing of multi-streaming communication includes an association between a sender and a receiver established over a communications network. The processing also includes identifying each of more than one independent multi-streamed messages transferred over the association. Each of the multi-streamed messages are separated at the receiver, and each separated message is processed in parallel with the other messages on a corresponding unique processor at the receiver.

Abstract: There is provided a packet processing device for, when decoding variable length data that is split into packets, realizing a reduction in processing load at a decoder, by providing information for identifying a start position of the data. A header analyzing section (11) determines whether data stored in a packet is start data containing start information or other data. A data extracting section (12) extracts data from a packet and stores the data in a buffer (13). A buffer controlling section (14) causes a start position memory (15) and a number-of-starts counter (16) to retain an address position and the number of start data stored in the buffer (13). A decode section (20) refers to the start position memory (15) and the number-of-starts counter (16) and executes a decode process for the data stored in the buffer (13).

Abstract: A cable modem termination system that connects to cable modems includes a scheduler and a system manager. The scheduler schedules transmission opportunities for the cable modems and operates in multiple fragmentation modes. The scheduling of transmission opportunities by the scheduler differs among the fragmentation modes. The system manager compares one or more processing parameters associated with the cable modem termination system to one or more thresholds and causes the scheduler to transition among the fragmentation modes based on a result of the comparison.

Abstract: A system, method, and router in a packet-switched communication network for enhancing network performance when data packets are transported utilizing a link layer protocol such as the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). Lengthy low priority data packets are fragmented at each hop. A router receiving the fragments of the data packets routes the fragments to a subsequent hop independent of whether other fragments from the same data packets have reached the router. High priority data packets are passed through unfragmented.