Abstract: A network device includes a first switch, a second switch, address resolution logic (ARL), and a CPU. The first and second switch having a groups of ports which are a subset of the plurality of ports and are numbered by a different numbering schemes. The CPU coupled to the first switch and the second switch and configured to control the first switch, the second switch, and the ARL. A first link port of the first group of ports is coupled to a second link port of the second group of ports. The ARL is configured to perform address resolution based on the first and second numbering schemes such that when the first network port a data packet received at the first network port destined for the second network port is directly routed from the first network port to the second network port.

Abstract: A plurality of private address spaces where private addresses may possibly overlap are connected with a global address space. Respective private address spaces possess VLAN-IDs as identification information for VLANs. When connecting the respective private address spaces with the Internet, a duplicate network address translating device performs, with VLAN-ID and the private address of the respective private address spaces in pairs, mutual translation between the private address and global address of the Internet. A duplicate addresses-handling server is provided with a routing table which shows the relationship between virtual interfaces corresponding to VLAN-IDs and addresses of the respective private address spaces.

Abstract: A technique is disclosed for synchronizing NAT information stored on different network devices that have been configured to implement a network address translation protocol. Each of the network devices includes a respective NAT data structure configured to store NAT information. The NAT information includes at least one NAT entry relating to a network node engaged in a communication session with at least one other network node. At least one NAT entry in a first NAT data structure is modified. The first NAT data structure is associated with a first NAT network device. A first NAT transaction message is generated which includes information relating to the modifications performed on the first NAT data structure. The first NAT transaction message is transmitted to at least one other NAT network device to thereby cause that device to modify its respective NAT data structure using information from the first NAT transaction message.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for maintaining the state of a virtual connection supported by an active connection manager on a standby connection manager. The method includes configuring the standby connection manager to include a physical machine object that stores a physical IP address of a physical machine that is available to the active connection manager and a virtual machine object that stores a virtual IP address of a virtual machine that is implemented on the connection manager. A replication packet is received at the standby connection manager from the active connection manager wherein the replication packet includes a foreign IP address, the virtual IP address and the physical IP address. A standby connection object is stored in the connection manager. The standby connection object includes the foreign IP address, the virtual IP address and the physical IP address from the replication packet on the standby connection manager.

Abstract: A routing Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS) configured to enable Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE). The routing CMTS may bridge Ethernet frames related to a PPPoE connection from a first network to a second network. Bridging Ethernet frames allows terminals in different networks to establish a PPPoE connection. A routing CMTS may also collect state information regarding PPPoE connections. The routing CMTS may use the state information to only bridge Ethernet frames related to valid PPPoE connections. It may act as a firewall to prevent spoofing attacks.

Abstract: A system and method for auto-addressing devices on a multiplexing bus in which a plurality of devices are arranged in series, with each having a bus in and bus out. During an initial evaluation, and beginning with a low bus in, each device inverts the incoming signal so that a device with a low bus in has a high bus out. During a second evaluation, the high or low state of the bus in is inverted only if the bus out in the first evaluation was high. Similarly, during subsequent evaluations, the high or low state of the bus in is inverted only if the bus out state of all previous evaluations was high. Ultimately, only one device will have a high bus out, with all bus out states from previous evaluations also having been high, at which point all addresses are fully decoded.

Abstract: A method for retransmitting data between two sides including a reception side and a transmission side in a mobile communication system including one or more mobile stations and one or more radio networks includes the steps of: by the reception side, storing data received from the transmission side in a first storage unit; as a result of an error-checking procedure, if the data are erroneous, requesting the transmission side to retransmit the data; by the transmission side, transmitting to the reception side a first information related to retransmission and retransmitting the requested data; by a combination unit included in the reception side, combining the retransmitted data with the data stored in the first storage unit; if the combined data are not erroneous, clearing the data and the retransmitted data from the first storage unit and transmitting the combined data to a first upper layer included in the reception side; and in response to an ACK signal from the reception side representing that normal data a

Abstract: A network device having a plurality of ports including address resolution logic (ARL), a first switch, a second switch, and a CPU. The first and second switches include groups of ports which are a subset of the plurality of ports and are numbered by different numbering schemes, rate control logic for performing rate control functions related to switching data packets between the network ports, and local communications channels for transmitting messages between the groups of ports and the rate control logic. The first switch is configured to generate a rate control message and relay the rate control message to the second switch, and a first link port of the first switch is configured to generate a second rate control message based on the first rate control message, relay the second rate control message to the second switch, where the second rate control message is different than the first message.

Abstract: A PPPoA (point-to-point (PPP) over asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)) spoofing function utilizing an asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) modem to form a single network between a client PC and a network access server (NAS) by allowing the ADSL modem to make a PPP connection to the NAS when the client PC is booted, by allowing the NAS to transmit Internet protocol (IP) configuration information, including a global IP address, to a DHCP server of the ADSL modem through a PPP Internet Protocol control protocol (IPCP), and by allowing the ADSL to transfer the IP configuration information received from the NAS to the client PC, thereby forming a bridge by the ADSL modem between the client PC and the NAS to enable IP packets to be transferred between the client PC and the NAS.

Abstract: Assignment of network addresses, e.g., IP addresses, to network nodes in a passive optical network (PON) may involve assignment of IP addresses within a common subnet scope to network nodes coupled to different optical fiber links and different interface modules in the PON. In this manner, excessive waste of IP addresses can be avoided. Instead of assigning an entire subnet scope of addresses to the nodes coupled to a single optical fiber link, a common subnet can be allocated across a PON having multiple, independent interfaces, increasing the number of subnet IP addresses that are actually used. Accordingly, the IP address space within a subnet scope can be distributed more efficiently. In addition to conserving IP addresses, the number of subnets allocated by ISPs can be reduced, along with the significant expense incurred by ISPs in reserving and maintaining multiple class C subnets.

Abstract: Switch frames are arbitrarily concatenated to allow for any available time slots to be used for carrying concatenated switch frames. Methods and apparatus transport switch frames in available time slots, and keep track of which time slots correspond to a group of concatenated switch frames. The switch frames are transported through the switch and synchronized on the outgoing side of the switch so that arbitrarily concatenated switch frames are synchronized with each other.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture for reducing frame overhead in communications on local area networks are disclosed herein. The frame overhead is reduced in communications on local area networks by removing unnecessary addressing information from frames prior to transmission on the network. Logical addressing information, such as an Internet protocol address, is utilized to determine the corresponding physical addressing information, such as an Ethernet media access control address, via an address resolution protocol. The physical addressing information is then incorporated into the frames, and the logical addressing information is removed (or not incorporated into the frame) to provide additional space to carry data, thereby increasing the data throughput of the network connection and potentially reducing the number of frames needed to transmit a given communication from a source to a destination within the network.

Abstract: A real time data transmission method is used in a network in which a real time media gateway is provided to allow access to the internet backbone in addition to the usual GPRS specific gateway. The method involves changing the header in a real time data stream as it passes through the network so that it can pass directly to the real time gateway without passing through the GPRS specific gateway. This ensures that the data stream travels along a more direct route and shortens the headers used in the data stream in the process.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for a spanning tree network. A communication device can connect to a piconet network and the communication device can transmit at least one available piconet identifier prior to receiving a request for the available piconet identifier from a dependent communication device, the available piconet identifier providing a parent piconet coordinator identification for the dependent communication device. A dependent communication device can connect to the piconet network, determine if the communication device can support a dependent piconet, and receive at least one available piconet identifier prior to requesting information regarding establishing a dependent piconet, the available piconet identifier providing parent piconet identification for the communication device for the dependent piconet.

Abstract: A packet communication method of performing communication employing a packet having a transmission-source address and destination address, comprises the steps of: making a predetermined number of bits of the transmission-source address and a predetermined number of bits of destination address be fixed addresses; a repeating node for repeating a packet from a transmission-source terminal first converting the fixed address of the transmission-source address of the received packet into an address of an higher-rank station of the repeating node; and the repeating address converting the fixed address of the destination address of the received packet into an address of an higher-rank station of a last repeating node for a destination terminal, and transferring the packet.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for enhancing the infrastructure of a network such as the Internet is disclosed. Multiple edge servers and edge caches are provided at the edge of the network so as to cover and monitor all points of presence. The edge servers selectively intercept domain name translation requests generated by downstream clients, coupled to the monitored points of presence, to subscribing Web servers and provide translations which either enhance content delivery services or redirect the requesting client to the edge cache to make its content requests. Further, network traffic monitoring is provided in order to detect malicious or otherwise unauthorized data transmissions.

Abstract: An access technology integrated header compression method or apparatus sends an IP-based speech data packet over a radio interface without sending information related to changes in the IP identification, RTP sequence number, or RTP time stamp. The omission of information related to changes in these fields from the header reduces the bandwidth consumed by the header. These fields are then reconstructed at the receiver side of the radio interface.

Abstract: When a plurality of information signal processing apparatuses are connected via IEEE 1394 communication control buses, these buses are connected via bridges, and bus reset occurs on a remote bus other than connected buses (step S1501), occurrence of remote bus reset is notified (steps S1502, S1505). Thus, even if bus reset occurs, the consistency of bus reset processing in an upper protocol layer can be ensured to realize normal data communication between buses.

Abstract: An IPv6 mobile packet communication network in which mobile VPN service can be provided without having to use a mobile tunnel. A control signal for enabling packet data transmission and reception is sent from a mobile terminal to a gateway node. Using destination-of-connection information contained in the control signal, the gateway node checks whether mobile VPN service is requested or not. Upon detection of a mobile VPN service request, the gateway node returns IP address information of the gateway node to the mobile terminal via a subscriber node. The mobile terminal then assembles an IPv6 header (210) and an IPv6 routing header (220) so that packet data will be unexceptionally transferred through the gateway node.

Abstract: The present invention supports the initialization of an interface between a wireless network and a packet-based communication network, including the exchange of initial endpoint address information and the revision of such endpoint address information through an addition and/or deletion procedure.

Abstract: A mobile communications system that uses IP packets to transmit data between end nodes, such as mobile devices, is described. In order to facilitate session establishment, maintenance, security, and handoff operations, access nodes through which end nodes communicate with one another include a session signaling server module and a mobility agent module. The session signaling server module may be implemented as a SIP server while the mobility agent module may be implemented using Mobil IP signaling. The mobility agent and SIP server within an access node are identified using a single shared identifier, IP address. The same security method and common secret may be used to provide security with regard to both mobile IP messages and SIP messages. Sessions admission decisions and resource allocation for admitted sessions can also take place internally to the access node of this invention without need for signaling to external elements.

Abstract: A method for a mobile station to acquire a IP network address from a gateway in GPRS system. First the mobile station generates a link identifier. Next the mobile requests a network address by sending a link identifier over a wireless to a gateway along with a request for the gateway to check to see if the link identifier is unique. Upon receiving the network address request the gateway checks to see if the link identifier is unique. The gateway responses by either confirming that the network link identifier is unique or by sending a different unique link identifier to the mobile station. The gateway also has the ability to respond by sending a network prefix to the mobile station. Upon receiving the network prefix the mobile station combines the network prefix with the interface identifier to generate a IP network address.

Abstract: In a gateway, a packet received from a first network contains first address data conforming to the first network in the packet header and second address data conforming to a second network in an auxiliary header. The first address data of the packet is then rewritten with the second address data of the packet and transmitted from the gateway to the second network.

Abstract: A multicasting network route provisioning system for use in allowing an in-session multicast application to switch its path on need includes a datastore of multicast addresses operable to route multicasting traffic over different network paths. It also includes a datastore of multicasting sessions having flows of various flow patterns, wherein a flow pattern is defined in terms of a set of source and destination network nodes, and corresponds to multiple routing network paths. Further, a session management module is adapted to aggregate multicasting session flows by allocating multicast addresses to multicasting sessions based on correspondence between the network paths and flow patterns of the multicasting sessions, thereby ensuring that flow patterns corresponding to different sets of network paths do not share a same multicast address.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for transmitting information from a mobile computer to a server utilizing point-to-point protocol (PPP). The system enables a PPP session to be maintained between a mobile user device and a PPP termination device. A Mobile IP address is assigned to customer premise equipment (CPE) associated with the user device, e.g., a PC. The CPE includes a Mobile IP Mobile Node and L2TP access concentrator (LAC). The Mobile IP address is registered with a Home Agent. The PC initiates a PPP session to the LAC, which initiates an L2TP session to an L2TP Network Server (LNS) via a tunel between the Home Agent and a Foreign Agent. The Mobile IP Mobile Node registers with the Home Agent each time it detects a new base station. Thus, the Home Agent is informed of the new location to forward IP packets for the mobile computer.

Abstract: An addressing scheme for a packet-based multiaccess mobile communications system, which includes a plurality of mobile user stations and a plurality of network nodes, is provided. In such addressing scheme, each mobile station is assigned an address which is a combination (preferably, a concatenation) of a unique identifier of a network node with which the mobile station is currently associated and an identifier of the mobile station. The network node identifiers may be uniquely assigned by a network administrator, while the identifiers of the mobile stations may, for example, be set to a universal MAC address assigned to the station. The address may also include a port identifier which indicates the particular application flow associated with the accompanying packets. Similarly, each network node is assigned an address which is a combination (preferably, a concatenation) of its network node identifier and, preferably, an interface identifier. The address may also include a port identifier.

Abstract: According to the invention, a method and apparatus are disclosed for dynamically assigning a public network address for a private network host in response to a request generated external to the private network. A requesting host desiring access to a host with the private network queries a domain name server for the public network address of the private network host. Then, the domain name sever queries a network address translator of the private network, and receives a reply indicating a dynamically allocated public network address for the specified private network host. The requesting host can then use this returned public network address for communicating with the private network host. In this manner, a set of public addresses can be shared, with a public network address being dynamically allocated to a private network host in response to a request for access by a host external to the private network. Moreover, a public network address is assigned to a private network host for a limited period of time.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to computer networks and more particularly to a system and method in a network device for caching Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) data transported in an Internet Protocol (IP) Datagram sent on a socks connection established over a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection between a source port on a source device and a destination port on a destination device.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described for providing access to a network via a first one of a plurality of network access nodes in the network. The network access nodes each have a network address associated therewith which is unique on the network, the first network access node having a first network address associated therewith. The first network address is associated with a first computer while the first computer is connected to the first network access node thereby providing access to the network. Transmissions associated with the first computer are monitored to determine address information. The transmissions are then processed in response to the address information.

Abstract: A local network router learns to route IP traffic among customer premises equipment on a local network rather than permitting the IP traffic to be routed through a broadband cable network and selected internet service provider (ISP) to the internet. The local network router dynamically generates a routing table from address resolution protocol (ARP) packets exchanged between the CPE and the external network. For each IP data packet received from a CPE that is destined for another local CPE, the local network router replaces a default gateway with the destination CPE. Accordingly, network resources for routing traffic are significantly reduced.

Abstract: A technique implements a MAC address pool containing a plurality of unique MAC addresses adapted for assignment to a virtual interface or aggregate of a server in a computer network. The MAC address pool is created from original MAC addresses assigned to physical interfaces of a network interface card (NIC) that is used in the server. The physical interfaces and their underlying physical links are organized as the aggregate. Upon system initialization, a virtual interface process of the server collects the originally assigned MAC addresses of the NIC, modifies them and organizes them as a pool. Each originally assigned MAC address is modified by asserting its locally administered bit. Each modified MAC address is a distinct MAC address that does not conflict with other MAC addresses within, e.g., a local area network of the computer network.

Abstract: An asymmetrical network for coupling customer-premises Internet hosts such as personal computers to the Internet. The head end of a CATV system has a high-bandwidth connection to the Internet. The down link connecting the personal computers to the Internet is the cables provided by the CATV system; the up link is a telephone connection to the head end. A router is connected to the down link by means of a RF modem, to the up link by means of an analog modem, and to a LAN which is connected to the Pcs. The router routes IP packets for the hosts that are received on the CATV cable to the hosts via the LAN; it routes IP packets from the hosts that are destined for the Internet to the head end via the telephone line. The asymmetrical network conserves IP addresses and addresses on the CATV cable by dynamically allocating the IP addresses for an RF modem's hosts and an address on the CATV cable for the RF modem in response to a request made by the RF modem via the telephone line.

Abstract: A technique for enabling a shared storage provider (SSP) to provide shared data storage to a plurality of customers while providing greater privacy and security of each customer's data by implementing a virtual private (VP) addressing scheme is disclosed. The technique also allows a storage networking service carrier to provide connectivity between a plurality of customer storage networking sites, keeping each customer separate from each other. In one embodiment, the technique is realized by network architecture and a scheme to separate and virtualize storage traffic and stored data on a shared infrastructure.

Abstract: A system and method in a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network for automatically configuring Network Service Entity Identifiers (NSEIs) in a Base Station System (BSS) and a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) when the BSS is reconfigured. The Gb interface between the BSS and the SGSN is modified to operate using the Internet Protocol (IP), and the BSS and the SGSN are configured to run on IP. Whenever a new Network Service Entity (NSE) is added to an existing BSS, or a new BSS is added to the network, the BSS automatically sends a modified Network Service (NS?)-Reset message to the SGSN requesting an NSEI. The SGSN dynamically allocates a free NSEI from a pool of NSEIs and sends it to the BSS. When an NSE is removed from the BSS, the BSS automatically sends a modified NS?-Reset message to the SGSN to free an NSEI. The SGSN de-allocates the NSEI, and returns the NSEI to the pool of free NSEIs.

Abstract: A group of network devices, such as Ethernet switches, are logically configured as a single cluster, with one commander device and one or more member devices. Each network device in the cluster contains an embedded HTML server that facilitates configuration and management of the network device via a management station running a Web browser. Each device in the cluster is identified by a unique Universal Resource Locator (“URL”). However, only the cluster commander is required to have a public IP address. The cluster commander automatically assigns private IP addresses to the other devices in the cluster. Network devices in the cluster constantly monitor network traffic on all their ports to detect conflicts between the automatically assigned IP addresses and the IP addresses of network devices outside of the cluster. When a conflict is detected, the cluster commander assigns a different private IP address to the cluster network device that caused the conflict.

Abstract: A wireless LAN communications system capable of supporting communications within a multidisciplinary group or team of individuals, each person equipped with a wireless LAN radio and assigned to one of a number of possible roles in carrying out the mission of the team. A multicast IP address corresponding to a specific role within the group, a multicast IP address corresponding to a specific subgroup within the group, or a multicast IP address corresponding to a generic subgroup within the group is assigned to each LAN radio.

Abstract: In automatically configuring network-layer addresses for network nodes in a network region, a specified router on each link generates link number request messages for the link. An address-assigning node assigns a region-wise unique link number to each link identified in a request message, and returns link number assignment messages containing the assigned link numbers. Each specified router assigns the link number from a received link number assignment message to a field of the network-layer addresses of the nodes on the associated link. According to a variation of the method, each specified router self-selects a link number and communicates with the other specified routers to avoid conflicts. Each specified router receives messages from the other specified routers containing numbers selected as region-wise unique link numbers for other links. Each specified router stores the received link numbers in association with the respective links in a local database.

Abstract: A method for improving signaling efficiency and load balancing in a non-broadcast, multiple access network environment. The standard next hop resolution protocol (NHRP) essentially is extended to provide peer to peer, i.e., source station to destination station, communication regarding resource availability and intemetwork layer address to NBMA subnetwork layer address resolution, rather than client-server communication between a source station and a server that communicates with the source station on behalf of the destination station, as is the case in standard NHRP.

Abstract: A communication system, in which data transmission is interrupted for a bus reset, includes a source and a destination with a receiving buffer. The source is adapted to transmit a segment of data to the destination using address information corresponding to a part of the receiving buffer of the destination. Transmission of the data is interrupted if a process of resetting a bus between the source and the destination occurs. After the process of resetting the bus ends, the transmission of the data resumes without retransmitting data determined by the source to be already stored in the receiving buffer.

Abstract: Packet processing circuitry comprises a look-up engine and a processor. The look-up engine transfers a first selector to a CAM and receives a corresponding first result from the CAM. The look-up engine retrieves a first context structure based on the first result. The look-up engine builds a summation block using the first context structure and transfers the summation block. The processor receives and processes the summation block to control handling of the communication packet.

Abstract: Methods and systems for transmitting attachments to text messages without turning terminals into e-mail clients are described. When an attachment is to be transmitted, an address of an attachment server is appended to the text message. The text message is then forwarded to the intended recipient, e.g., via an SMS server, while the attachment is sent to the attachment server. Upon receipt of the text message, the recipient can then download the attachment from the attachment server using the address included in the text message.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of automatically downloading configuration files and binary code for a customer premises telecommunications hub. Upon initial power up, the hub sends a DHCP request to the central office DHCP server. The DHCP server sends to the hub an IP address for the hub, the name of an appropriate configuration file, the domain name of a configuration file server and an IP address of a domain name server. The hub requests the IP address of the configuration file server from the domain name server. It then requests the configuration file from the configuration file server, downloads the file and parses it. The hub then requests the binary file named in the configuration file from the configuration file server. The binary code is downloaded and written into flash memory. The hub then resets so that the new binary code is transferred into the operating RAM.

Abstract: A system and method for providing connectivity to a foreign network for a device configured for communication over a home network without reconfiguring the device include intercepting packets transmitted by the device, selectively modifying intercepted packets which are incompatible with the foreign network to be compatible with network settings of the foreign network, and selectively providing network services for the device corresponding to network services available on the home network to reduce the delay associated with accessing the network services from the foreign network, or to provide network services otherwise inaccessible from the foreign network. Network services are provided by or through a configuration adapter connected to the device or to the foreign network.

Abstract: A method of identifying a plurality of slave processors using a master processor is provided which includes assigning a unique identification code to each of the plurality of slave processors, and transmitting an attention command from the master processor to the plurality of slave processors. The master processor then transmits a request for the slaves' unique identification code to the plurality of slave processors. The master processor then determines whether one of the plurality of slave processors unique identification code matches the classification characters. If there are no matches, a last added classification character is incremented by 1. If only one matches, the master processor identifies the one of the plurality of slave processors, and removes a last added classification character. Otherwise, if more than one matches, the master processor adds a new classification character, and sets a last added classification character to a minimum identification code character value.

Abstract: A network device includes a first switch, a second switch, address resolution logic (ARL), and a CPU. The first and second switch having a groups of ports which are a subset of the plurality of ports and are numbered by a different numbering schemes. The CPU coupled to the first switch and the second switch and configured to control the first switch, the second switch, and the ARL. A first link port of the first group of ports is coupled to a second link port of the second group of ports. The ARL is configured to perform address resolution based on the first and second numbering schemes such that when the first network port a data packet received at the first network port destined for the second network port is directly routed from the first network port to the second network port.

Abstract: A packet-based, hierarchical communication system, arranged in a spanning tree configuration, is described in which wired and wireless communication networks exhibiting substantially different characteristics are employed in an overall scheme to link portable or mobile computing devices. The network accommodates real time voice transmission both through dedicated, scheduled bandwidth and through a packet-based routing within the confines and constraints of a data network. Conversion and call processing circuitry is also disclosed which enables access devices and personal computers to adapt voice information between analog voice stream and digital voice packet formats as proves necessary. Routing pathways include wireless spanning tree networks, wide area networks, telephone switching networks, internet, etc., in a manner virtually transparent to the user.

Abstract: The objective is to provide a data transfer control device and electronic equipment that are capable of reducing processing overheads, thus enabling high-speed data transfer within a compact hardware configuration. In a data transfer control device in accordance with IEEE 1394, a packet shaping circuit (160) shapes each packet that is transferred in from another node into a form that can be used by an upper layer, and a packet division circuit (180) writes the header of the thus-shaped packet into a header area in RAM and the data thereof into a data area. A data pointer that has been passed from the packet division circuit is appended to the header of the packet during packet shaping. Tags are used to divide packets. Information indicating broadcast information, error status information, and whether or not the packet was received during a self-ID period is appended to the trailer of the packet during the packet shaping.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are provided for monitoring the switching paths of a time/space coupling network in a coupling network (SN), having an originating address generator (UAG) for generating an originating address (UA) to be switched, a target value address generator (SE) for producing an expected target value address, and a comparator apparatus (V) for acquiring and comparing a switched originating address (UA′) on a predetermined output line (AKL) of the time/space coupling network (ZRKN) with the expected target value address. In this way, the time/space coupling network can be monitored or, respectively, tested reliably and completely.

Abstract: In a third generation telecommunications network, quality of service can be provided to a mobile in a foreign network by providing a quality of service session divided into a first section from the correspondent node (24) to the home network (50) and a second section from the home network (50) to the mobile node (28); a quality of service enquiry message is sent through both sections, but a quality of service response message is not returned in the first section until the response message from the second section has been received by the home network (50).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for enhancing the infrastructure of a network such as the Internet is disclosed. Multiple edge servers and edge caches are provided at the edge of the network so as to cover and monitor all points of presence. The edge servers selectively intercept domain name translation requests generated by downstream clients, coupled to the monitored points of presence, to subscribing Web servers and provide translations which either enhance content delivery services or redirect the requesting client to the edge cache to make its content requests. Further, network traffic monitoring is provided in order to detect malicious or otherwise unauthorized data transmissions.