Abstract: A wavelength converting apparatus comprising: a laser resonator; a first wavelength converting element that converts a fundamental wave outputted from the laser resonator into a harmonic wave; a first temperature control element that controls the temperature of the first wavelength converting element; a second wavelength converting element that converts a fundamental wave outputted from the first wavelength converting element into a harmonic wave; a second temperature control element that controls the temperature of the second wavelength converting element; a first detecting portion that detects an output of a harmonic wave outputted from the first wavelength converting element; a second detecting portion that detects an output of a harmonic wave outputted from the second wavelength converting element; and a controller that manages temperature control of the first wavelength converting element by the first temperature control element, temperature control of the second wavelength converting element by the seco

Abstract: The invention relates to scanning pulsed laser systems for optical imaging. Coherent dual scanning laser systems (CDSL) are disclosed and some applications thereof. Various alternatives for implementation are illustrated, including highly integrated configurations. In at least one embodiment a coherent dual scanning laser system (CDSL) includes two passively modelocked fiber oscillators. The oscillators are configured to operate at slightly different repetition rates, such that a difference ?fr in repetition rates is small compared to the values fr1 and fr2 of the repetition rates of the oscillators. The CDSL system also includes a non-linear frequency conversion section optically connected to each oscillator. The section includes a non-linear optical element generating a frequency converted spectral output having a spectral bandwidth and a frequency comb comprising harmonics of the oscillator repetition rates.

Abstract: In an optical arrangement for pumping solid-state lasers, there is the object of producing an intensity distribution across the beam cross section of the pump radiation with a rectangular intensity profile, which intensity distribution is homogeneous at least in a region corresponding to the Rayleigh range in the direction of the beam propagation without the beam quality being substantially impaired by the homogenization. The pump arrangement contains a rod-shaped homogenizer (1) with two opposed, polished end faces (2,3), planar side limit faces (4), which are arranged parallel to the optical axis and with a cross-sectional area at right angles to the optical axis, which forms a regular polygon, with the regular polygon being restricted to those number of sides which permit a plurality of polygons to be positioned against one another on a surface in such a way that they fill the space.

Abstract: The invention provides a laser system (100) wherein the output may be selected from two or more different wavelengths of output laser light. The system (100) comprises a laser capable of having at least two different wavelengths of laser light resonating in the cavity (105) simultaneously. One of the frequencies is generated by a Raman crystal (135) which shifts the frequency of light generated by the lasing medium (125). A tunable non-linear medium (140), such as LBO, is provided in the cavity for selectively frequency converting at least one of the at least two different wavelengths of laser light. The conversion may be SHG, SFG or DFG for example. A tuner (145) is provided to tune the non-linear medium to select the particular wavelength to convert. Temperature tuning or angle tuning of the non-linear medium can be used. A Q switch (130) may also be provided in the cavity.

Abstract: It is aimed to suppress a local increase of an energy density per unit time in a nonlinear crystal. A fundamental wave emitted from a fundamental wave laser light source is condensed by a condenser lens and incident on a nonlinear crystal 11 having a poled structure. By displacing a focus position of a fundamental wave 50 by means of a scanning mirror 21, a local increase of the energy density per unit time in the nonlinear crystal 11 is suppressed.

Abstract: A wavelength converter including a fiber provided with a laser active substance and formed with first and second fiber gratings embedded in the fiber, a laser light source that allows pumping light to be incident on the fiber, a laser resonator formed by optically connecting the fiber and the laser light source, and a wavelength conversion element that converts the fundamental wave of a laser beam emitted from the laser resonator into a higher harmonic wave. The fiber absorbs a part of an output of the fundamental wave or the pumping light, and heats the second fiber grating. The temperature of the second fiber grating is adjusted in accordance with an output of the higher harmonic wave outputted from the wavelength conversion element.

Abstract: A diode-pumped intra-cavity frequency-tripled continuous laser device, this device includes: an amplifying medium, a birefringent non-linear medium for frequency doubling, a birefringent non-linear medium for frequency tripling; and a polarizing medium arranged so as to constitute an intra-cavity birefringent filter or Lyot filter, the Lyot filter being adapted to allow monofrequency output emission from the laser device.

Abstract: Techniques for generating terahertz (THz) radiation are provided in which each nonlinear crystal in an array of such crystals is coupled to one or more corresponding waveguides such that any THz radiation generated in any single crystal is coupled into that crystal's THz waveguide structure. After the THz radiation is generated in the crystals and coupled into the waveguides, the individual THz signals may be coherently combined to form a single THz signal (non-coherent configurations are provided as well). Crystal-waveguide arrays embodying the techniques can be used to implement efficient, robust, and compact THz sources suitable for applications such as security screening, medical imaging, quality control and process monitoring in manufacturing operations, and package and container inspection.

Abstract: Particular embodiments of the present invention relate generally to methods of controlling an optical package comprising a semiconductor laser, a spectral filter, and a wavelength conversion device. The spectral filter and the wavelength conversion device collectively define a wavelength transfer function comprising a transmission bandwidth component attributable to the spectral filter and a conversion bandwidth component attributable to the wavelength conversion device. The transmission bandwidth component of the wavelength transfer function is less than one free spectral range of the semiconductor laser. The method comprises directing the native laser output through the spectral filter and the wavelength conversion device and tuning the semiconductor laser to modulate the intensity of a wavelength-converted laser output of the optical package by shifting the native wavelength spectrum by less than one free spectral range of the semiconductor laser. Additional embodiments are disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method to control the nucleation and to achieve designed domain inversion in single-domain ferroelectric substrates (e.g. MgO doped LiNbO3 substrates). It includes the first poling of the substrate with defined electrode patterns based on the corona discharge method to form shallow domain inversion (i.e. nucleation) under the electrode patterns, and is followed by the second crystal poling based on the electrostatic method to realize deep uniform domain inversion. Another objective of the present invention is to provide methods to achieve broadband light sources using a nonlinear crystal with a periodically domain inverted structure.

Abstract: Fiber lasers for producing Band I wavelengths include a laser cavity having an optical fiber with specific parameters in length and thickness and doping concentration, and having high reflectivities. Examples show the feasibility of producing such fiber lasers. Fiber lasers for producing Band IV wavelengths include a depolarized laser oscillator, at least one amplifier and a polarizer. Depolarized laser oscillator is an inherently depolarized CW laser, or a depolarized laser diode, which is depolarized by a depolarizer. Additional fiber lasers in accordance with embodiments of the present invention include a double clad active optical fiber having a pump power entry point for sending pump energy through the active optical fiber in a first direction, and a loop portion at a second end of the fiber for sending pump energy through the active optical fiber in a second direction which is opposite to the first direction.

Abstract: A wavelength converting laser device includes a laser diode producing laser light and including an optical resonator having a pair of facing reflectors, including a reflecting surface having a shape reducing loss in the optical resonator, with regard to a specific horizontal transverse mode of laser light as compared to the loss in the optical resonator for other horizontal transverse modes, and a wavelength converter for converting the laser light into harmonic light.

Abstract: It is an object to enable control according to an optimum temperature condition for a wavelength conversion device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laser projection system (1) having means for reducing the coherence of a generated laser beam (3) in order to reduce the occurrence of annoying speckle artifacts in images produced by the system. Coherence is reduced by letting the laser beam (3) pass through a transparent cell (6) comprising first (A) and second (B) immiscible fluids having different refractive indices. The fluids are displaced in the cell, preferably using an electrowetting technique. The cell (6) may thus be realized as an electrowetting lens, which is driven with a pseudo random driving signal.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion laser device includes a solid-state laser element having a waveguide structure including a laser medium that amplifies laser beams by providing a gain generated due to absorption of pump light to the laser beams and outputs a fundamental wave, and a wavelength conversion element having a waveguide structure including a nonlinear optical material that converts a part of a fundamental wave output from the solid-state laser element to a second harmonic, to resonate the fundamental wave by an optical resonator structure including the solid-state laser element and the wavelength conversion element and outputs a second harmonic from the wavelength conversion element.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to wavelength conversion devices and laser projection systems incorporating the same. According to one embodiment of the present invention, wavelength conversion devices are provided without limitation of their field of use to laser projection systems. For example, the wavelength conversion device may comprise an axial waveguide portion and a pair of lateral planar waveguide portions confined between a pair of relatively low index cladding layers. The effective index of refraction in the axial waveguide portion of the waveguide region and the effective index of refraction in the lateral planar waveguide portions of the waveguide region are established such that the relatively low intensity laterally distributed parasitic light is characterized by a scattering angle ? that is at least as large as the beam divergence angle of the relatively high intensity light propagating in the axial waveguide portion.

Abstract: A laser system that includes a diode pump source. A frequency doubled solid state visible laser is pumped by the diode pump source and produces a pulsed laser output with a train of pulses. Resources provide instructions for the creation of the pulsed output, with on and off times that provide for substantial confinement of thermal effects at a target site. This laser system results in tissue specific photoactivation (or TSP) without photocoagulation damage to any of the adjacent tissues and without causing full thickness retinal damage and the associated vision loss.

Abstract: A laser light source device includes a laser light source that emits a laser beam as a fundamental wave and an optical wavelength conversion element that converts the fundamental wave into a second harmonic. An optical lens system including a first surface having positive power and a second surface having negative power is arranged between the laser light source and the optical wavelength conversion element. The first surface and the second surface are arranged in order from the laser light source side.

Abstract: A fiber laser system includes a master oscillator configured to generate linear polarized infrared laser radiation with wavelengths of 1015-1085 nm, pulses with durations of 100 ps to 10 ns, pulse train repetition rates of 1 kHz to 10 MHz, spectral bandwidth less than 0.5 nm, and a predominately single spatial mode and a polarization-maintaining optical isolator optically coupled to the master oscillator. The fiber laser system also includes a fiber amplifier system optically coupled to the optical isolator and including a power amplifier configured to amplify the laser radiation transmitted through the optical isolator. The power amplifier includes a polarization-maintaining, large-mode-area, multiple-clad Yb-doped gain fiber having a core, an inner cladding, and at least an outer cladding, one or more diode pump lasers emitting pump light of a nominal wavelength of 976 nm, and a pump coupler configured to couple the pump light into the gain fiber.

Abstract: A wavelength-converted light generating apparatus 1A includes: an excitation light source 10 supplying excitation light L0 of a predetermined wavelength; and a wavelength conversion element 20, in which an aggregate 22 of crystals of a dye molecule is held by a holding substrate 21 and which, by incidence of the excitation light L0, generates converted light L1 that has been wavelength-converted. The excitation light source 10 supplies the excitation light L0 of a wavelength longer than an absorption edge of the dye molecule to the wavelength conversion element 20. The wavelength conversion element 20, by incidence of the excitation light L0 on the crystal aggregate 22, generates and outputs the converted light (for example, visible light) L1 that has been wavelength-converted to a shorter wavelength than the excitation light (for example, near-infrared light) L0.

Abstract: A laser device with frequency conversion, the device comprising a complex optical cavity comprising two cavity parts with two different levels of circulating intracavity power wherein there is placed at least one non-linear crystal (30) is placed within the cavity part of higher circulating power and an active medium (21) in the cavity part of lower circulating power, the power enhancement achieved in two steps and the total enhancement being the product of the enhancement factors in each step, providing additional freedom in design allowing both the condition for high enhancement of the interacting laser power inside the intracavity non-linear crystal and the condition for maximum power output from the laser to be satisfied simultaneously and wherein said complex optical cavity the first cavity part provides the initial step of power enhancement and comprises at least a laser cavity back mirror (20), highly reflective about a laser radiation fundamental frequency ?, and an active (gain) medium.

Abstract: A laser beam generating apparatus includes a semiconductor element and a second harmonic generating element that performs a wavelength conversion on fundamental light emitted from the semiconductor element, the laser beam generating apparatus is an external resonance-type laser diode that has an external resonator structure and emits a transversal single mode laser beam, and the second harmonic generating element is a waveguide-type second harmonic generating element that includes a single mode waveguide.

Abstract: Methods of controlling semiconductor lasers are provided where the semiconductor laser generates a wavelength-modulated output beam ?MOD that is directed towards the input face of a wavelength conversion device. The intensity of a wavelength-converted output ?CONV of the device is monitored as the output beam of the laser is modulated and as the position of the modulated output beam ?MOD on the input face of the wavelength conversion device is varied. A maximum value of the monitored intensity is correlated with optimum coordinates representing the position of the modulated output beam ?MOD on the input face of the wavelength conversion device. The optical package is operated in the data projection mode by directing an intensity-modulated laser beam from the semiconductor laser to the wavelength conversion device using the optimum positional coordinates. Additional embodiments are disclosed and claimed. Laser controllers and projections systems are also provided.

Abstract: A method for aligning a beam spot with a waveguide portion of a wavelength conversion device includes scanning a beam spot over the input face of the wavelength conversion device while measuring the output intensity of the device such that an output intensity for each of a plurality of fast scan lines is generated. A first alignment set point is then determined based on the output intensity of each fast scan line. A second scan of the beam spot is then performed over the fast scan line containing the first alignment set point while measuring the output intensity for each point along the fast scan line. A second alignment set point is then determined based on the output intensities measured during the second scan. The beam spot is then aligned with the waveguide portion using the first alignment set point and the second alignment set point.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of optical parametric oscillators (OPO), especially to an essentially vertical monolithic system (S) for parametric conversion from a pump wave with a pump wavelength, said system comprising at least two resonant cavities (6, 7). Said cavities are coupled by at least one coupling mirror (3), at least one of the cavities comprising an active non-linear medium, and the at least one coupling mirror being arranged in such a way that the parametric frequencies associated with the pump wavelength are located in the stop line of the at least one mirror for an injection direction of the pump wave essentially according to the axis of the system.

Abstract: A laser apparatus includes: a laser light source; an output member for receiving and transmitting a laser light flux generated by the laser light flux, and outputting a laser light flux; an optical aligning member for positioning the laser light flux generated by the laser light source to the output member; a drive for driving the optical aligning member; a drive controller; an output detector for outputting a detected output representing an intensity of a laser light flux outputted from the output member; and an output controller. The drive controller controls the drive to drive the optical aligning member and the output controller changes a power of the laser light flux generated by the light source, based on the detected output.

Abstract: A short wavelength light source of the present invention comprises a nonlinear crystal having a periodical polarization reversal structure. The polarization reversal structure of the nonlinear crystal is divided into a plurality of regions and the polarization reversal structure and the optical axis of the fundamental wave are inclined with different angles in the respective regions, so that higher harmonic generated is divided into a plurality of beams. By dividing the higher harmonic component into a plurality of beams, it is possible to reduce the power density of the higher harmonic and generate walk off in the fundamental wave and the higher harmonic, thereby to suppress generation of the sum frequency waves of the fundamental wave and the higher harmonic so as to enhance the tolerance to high output. Therefore, SFG generation is suppressed, and a high output power coherent light source is realized.

Abstract: A compact optically-pumped solid-state laser designed for efficient nonlinear intracavity frequency conversion into desired wavelengths using periodically poled nonlinear crystals. These crystals contain dopants such as MgO or ZnO and/or have a specified degree of stoichiometry that ensures high reliability. The laser includes a solid-state gain media chip, such as Nd:YVO4, which also provides polarization control of the laser; and a periodically poled nonlinear crystal chip such as PPMgOLN or PPZnOLT for efficient frequency doubling of the fundamental infrared laser beam into the visible wavelength range. The described designs are especially advantageous for obtaining low-cost green and blue laser sources.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to multi-faceted wavelength conversion devices and laser projection systems incorporating the same.

Abstract: A laser apparatus in which the elimination of separate optical components to provide intra-cavity polarization and compensation for thermally induced birefringence, and their associated losses, results in an improvement in efficiency and reduction in complexity over prior art designs.

Abstract: Laser apparatus is disclosed in which fundamental-wavelength optical pulses delivered from a mode-locked laser resonator at a pulse-repetition frequency (PRF) are converted to harmonic-wavelength pulses in an optical delay loop. One example is disclosed in which the harmonic-wavelength pulses are delivered directly from the delay loop. Another example is disclosed in which the harmonic-wavelength pulses are divided by the delay loop into a number of temporally spaced-apart replicas thereof, and the delay loop delivers bursts of replicas of different one of the harmonic wavelength pulses at a burst-repetition frequency equal to or a multiple of the PRF of the resonator.

Abstract: A light emitting device including a waveguide having an electrically pumped gain region, a saturable absorber, a nonlinear crystal, an inclined mirror, and a light-concentrating structure. Light pulses emitted from the gain region are reflected by the inclined minor and focused by the light-concentrating structure into the nonlinear crystal in order to generate frequency-converted light pulses. The gain region, the saturable absorber, the light-concentrating structure and the inclined minor are implemented on or in a common substrate. The resulting structure is stable and compact, and allows on-wafer testing of produced emitters. The folded structure allows easy alignment of the nonlinear crystal.

Abstract: A fiber laser system includes a predominately single spatial mode, linearly polarized master oscillator providing a set of optical pulses and a polarization-maintaining optical isolator optically coupled to the master oscillator. The fiber laser system also includes a fiber amplifier optically coupled to the optical isolator and including a power amplifier comprising a double clad gain fiber, one or more pump lasers, and a pump coupler. The fiber laser system further includes a pulse compression stage optically coupled to the fiber amplifier. The pulse compression stage includes a volume holographic phase grating. Moreover, the fiber laser system includes a nonlinear frequency conversion stage optically coupled to the pulse compression stage.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling second harmonic efficiency of laser beam interactions. A laser system generates two laser beams (e.g., a laser beam with two polarizations) for incidence on a nonlinear crystal having a preferred direction of propagation. Prior to incidence on the crystal, the beams are optically processed based on the crystal's beam separation characteristics to thereby control a position in the crystal along the preferred direction of propagation at which the beams interact.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion laser device and a nonlinear optical crystal used in the same. The wavelength conversion laser device includes a laser light source for emitting a predetermined wavelength beam, and a laser medium for exciting the predetermined wavelength beam from the laser light source into a fundamental beam. The wavelength conversion laser device further includes a nonlinear optical crystal composed of a KTiOPO4 (KTP) crystal having b-c crystal plane as an incident surface of the fundamental beam to provide type II phase matching conditions. The KTP crystal converts the fundamental wavelength beam into a second harmonic generation beam.

Abstract: A device for generating light pulses includes a seed laser source for generating input light pulses. An optical pre-amplifier having variable gain receives the input light pulses from the seed laser source. An optical power amplifier receives the light pulses from the optical pre-amplifier and amplifies and compresses the received light pulses. The light pulses are compressed in the optical power amplifier in such a manner that the pulse duration of the output light pulses of the optical power amplifier is tunable via adjusting the gain of the optical pre-amplifier. Wavelength-tunable light pulses are obtained by supplying the output light pulses of the optical power amplifier to a highly non-linear optical fiber.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion module according to the present invention includes an external resonator, a semiconductor laser module and a wavelength conversion device for converting a wavelength of light output from the semiconductor laser module into a shorter wavelength. This wavelength conversion device includes at least one of a nonlinear crystal for generating SFG (Sum-frequency Generation) light and a nonlinear crystal for generating SHG (Second Harmonic Generation) light. Each of the SFG generating element and the SHG generating element of the wavelength conversion device may have a periodically-poled ridge-waveguide structure or a periodically-poled proton-exchanged-waveguide structure.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, an optical package comprises one or more semiconductor lasers coupled to a wavelength conversion device with adaptive optics. The optical package also comprises a package controller programmed to operate the semiconductor laser and the adaptive optics based on modulated feedback control signals supplied to the wavelength selective section of the semiconductor laser and the adaptive optics. The wavelength control signal supplied to the wavelength selective section of the semiconductor laser may be adjusted based on the modulated wavelength feedback control signal such that the response parameter of the wavelength conversion device is optimized. Similarly, the position control signals supplied to the adaptive optics may be adjusted based on the modulated feedback position control signals such that the response parameter of the wavelength conversion device is optimized.

Abstract: A method is given for aligning an optical package comprising a laser, a wavelength conversion device, at least one adjustable optical component, and at least one actuator. The adjustable optical component may be moved to a command position by applying a pulse width modulated signal to the actuator. The command position represents an optimized alignment of the laser and wavelength conversion device. The actual position of the adjustable may be measured by measuring an output of a position measuring circuit, which may measure the voltage amplitude of an oscillation in a resonator tank circuit during an “off” period of the pulse-width modulated signal. The resonator tank circuit may comprise a capacitive element electrically coupled to the electrically conductive coil. The pulse-width modulated signal may then be adjusted to compensate for any difference in the actual position and the command position of the adjustable optical component. Additional embodiments are disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: A light source device includes: a light source unit configured to emit light; a wavelength conversion element configured to convert the wavelength of light emitted from the light source unit; a light source housing configured to accommodate at least the light source unit and the wavelength conversion element; and a temperature control unit configured to control temperature of the wavelength conversion element. The temperature control unit is disposed outside the light source housing.

Abstract: Particular embodiments of the present invention relate generally to altering the effective conversion efficiency curve of an optical package employing a semiconductor laser and an SHG crystal or other type of wavelength conversion device. For example, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a method of controlling an optical package is provided where the optical package is tuned such that ascending portions of a transmission curve representing a spectral filter are aligned with descending portions of a conversion efficiency curve representing a wavelength conversion device. With the filter and wavelength conversion device so aligned, the optical package is further tuned such that the wavelength of the fundamental laser signal lies within a wavelength range corresponding to aligned portions of the ascending and descending portions of the transmission and conversion efficiency curves. Additional embodiments are disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: A fiber laser cavity that includes a laser gain medium for receiving an optical input projection from a laser pump. The fiber laser cavity further includes a positive dispersion fiber segment and a negative dispersion fiber segment for generating a net negative dispersion for balancing a self-phase modulation (SPM) and a dispersion induced pulse broadening/compression in the fiber laser cavity for generating an output laser with a transform-limited pulse shape.

Abstract: An apparatus/method which may comprise: a very high power line narrowed lithography laser light source which may comprise: a solid state seed laser system which may comprise: a pre-seed laser providing a pre-seed laser output; a fiber amplifier receiving the pre-seed laser output and providing an amplified seed laser pulse which may comprise: a pulse having a nominal wavelength outside of the DUV range; a frequency converter converting to essentially the wavelength of the amplifier gain medium; a first and a second gas discharge laser amplifier gain medium operating at different repetition rates from that of the seed laser output; a beam divider providing the amplifier gain mediums with output pulses from the seed laser; a beam combiner combining the outputs of each respective amplifier gain medium to provide a laser output light pulse beam having the pulse repetition rate of the solid state seed laser system.

Abstract: Apparatus for effecting harmonic conversion of a laser beam of predetermined frequency, to provide plural harmonic components of the laser beam at frequencies different from the predetermined frequency, includes a housing (40) defining a hermetically sealed chamber able to be maintained at a pressure below atmospheric pressure. Also provided are port means for evacuating the chamber, and means (36, 37) defining an optical path for the laser beam and the components thereof through the housing and the chamber. A plurality of individual holders (70, 72, 74) are arranged for retaining respective frequency conversion crystals at spaced locations in the optical path. The crystals (20, 22, 24) can be aligned individually and heated within the chamber.

Abstract: Fundamental laser light having a wavelength of 1,064 nm, for example, is generated by a solid-state laser medium. The fundamental laser light is reflected by a flat mirror and amplified again passing through a Q-switch, a solid-state laser medium, a Q-switch, a Q-switch, a solid-state laser medium, and a Q-switch. The fundamental laser light furthermore reflects from a flat mirror, passes through a flat mirror for second-harmonic resonance, passes through a lens, then reflects from a flat mirror for laser light separation, and enters a nonlinear optical crystal for the third harmonic and a nonlinear optical crystal for the second harmonic. A solid-state laser generator can thereby be obtained in which second-harmonic laser light obtained in an intermediate stage can be used with good efficiency and be converted, for example, to third-harmonic laser light and higher-harmonic laser light with higher efficiency and higher output.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided that includes a laser that produces light at a first wavelength, an optical element that converts the light at the first wavelength received at an input end thereof into light at a second wavelength, and an optical interface proximate the input end of the optical element that directs light at the second wavelength through the optical element toward an output end of the optical element.

Abstract: A solid-state laser apparatus includes: a semiconductor laser light source for emitting laser light; an optical resonator having a solid-state laser medium to be excited by incidence of the laser light to oscillate fundamental laser light, and a mirror; and a quasi phase matching wavelength converting element, disposed in the optical resonator, for converting a wavelength of the fundamental laser light, wherein the quasi phase matching wavelength converting element is formed with a polarization inversion region having a predetermined cycle, and the length of the polarization inversion region in an optical axis direction is 1.0 mm or less.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion laser is provided with a pair of fundamental wave reflecting surfaces for reflecting a fundamental wave to define a plurality of fundamental wave paths passing a wavelength conversion element at different angles, and a control unit for controlling wavelength conversion efficiencies so that the wavelength conversion efficiency on a specific one of the plurality of fundamental wave paths extending in different directions between the pair of fundamental wave reflecting surfaces is highest.

Abstract: A light source can have a conversion element disposed at one end of an optical waveguide and a semiconductor light source disposed at the other end. The optical waveguide can include a heat-conducting layer at its end proximate the converter.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a laptop-size high-order harmonic generation apparatus using near field enhancement. The laptop-size high-order harmonic generation apparatus using near field enhancement includes a femtosecond laser generator, light transfer means for transferring light output from the femtosecond laser generator, micro patterns formed of metallic thin films and configured to have nano-sized apertures for generating near field enhancement when the light output from the light transfer means passes through the micro patterns, a gas supply unit for supplying inert gas to the light when the light transferred through the light transfer means passes through the micro patterns, and a vacuum chamber for accommodating the micro patterns and the gas supply unit under a vacuum atmosphere.