Abstract: Disclosed is a heating element for a dental furnace including a tube element for accommodating a heating coil inside the tube element. At least one closing element may be connected to at least one open end of the tube element, wherein electrical connectors may be led through the closing element and fused with the element. The tube element may be made from a ceramic material, such as oxide ceramics, that may be connected to the connector via a plurality of intermediate glasses/transition glasses and glass solder to compensate for different heat expansion coefficients such that up to 500° C. gas escaping from the tube element may not enter due to a thermal action, providing that operational safety of the heating element is ensured. Further, disclosed is a dental furnace including such a heating element.

Abstract: An electrode for a resistance analytical furnace has a crucible-engaging surface and an end spaced from the crucible-engaging surface having a plurality of grooves formed therein. A manifold mounted on the end of the electrode defines a dust recovery plenum and includes an outlet communicating with the plenum for coupling to a vacuum source to remove debris from the electrode. The improved electrode and electrode cleaning manifold positioned on the electrode provides a turbulent airflow for removal of dust and debris from an analytical furnace.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a cell assembly for use in a high-pressure cubic press comprises a substantially tubular heating element including a proximal end region having a proximal mouth, a distal end region having a distal mouth spaced from the proximal mouth, and a passageway extending between the proximal mouth and the distal mouth configured to receive at least partially receive at least one can assembly therein. A pressure transmitting medium extends about at least the substantially tubular heating element. A proximal electrical contact electrically contacts the substantially tubular heating element at the proximal end region thereof. A distal electrical contact electrically contacts the substantially tubular heating element at the distal end region thereof. A gasket medium defines a receiving space that receives at least the substantially tubular heating element and the pressure transmitting medium.

Abstract: A heat processing furnace comprises: a processing vessel for receiving an object to be processed by a heat process; a cylindrical heat insulation member surrounding the processing vessel; a helical heating resistor arranged along an inner peripheral surface of the heat insulation member; a support member for supporting the heating resistor. The support member includes a base part positioned on an inside of the heating resistor, and a plurality of support pieces extending radially outward from the base part through spaces between adjacent portions of the heating resistor so as to support the heating resistor, the support member being formed to have a comb-like shape. An upper surface part of each of the support pieces is formed to have a curved shape in order to reduce a frictional resistance generated when the heating resistor is moved upon a thermal expansion and a thermal shrinkage thereof.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a cell assembly for use in a high-pressure cubic press comprises a substantially tubular heating element including a proximal end region having a proximal mouth, a distal end region having a distal mouth spaced from the proximal mouth, and a passageway extending between the proximal mouth and the distal mouth configured to receive at least partially receive at least one can assembly therein. The at least one can assembly may hold a plurality of diamond particles positioned adjacent to a substrate. A pressure transmitting medium extends about at least the substantially tubular heating element. A proximal electrical contact electrically contacts the substantially tubular heating element at the proximal end region thereof and does not extend over the proximal mouth thereof. A distal electrical contact electrically contacts the substantially tubular heating element at the distal end region thereof and does not extend over the distal mouth thereof.

Abstract: A heat-processing furnace comprises: a processing vessel for housing an object to be processed to thermally heat the object to be processed; a cylindrical heat insulating member surrounding the processing vessel; a helical heating resistor disposed along an inner circumferential surface of the heat insulating member; and support members axially disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the heat insulating member, for supporting the heating resistor at predetermined pitches. A plurality of terminal plates are disposed outside the heating resistor at suitable intervals therebetween and attached to the heating resistor, the terminal plates radially passing through the heat insulating member to be extended outside. A plurality of fixing plates are disposed outside the heating resistor at suitable intervals therebetween and attached to the heating resistor, the fixing plates being fixed in the heat insulating member.

Abstract: Electric heating device comprising a radiant tube and an electrical heating element arranged in the radiant tube as well as a protective insert of electrically conductive material. The protective insert is arranged between the radiant tube and the electrical heating element. The device allows the use of higher element power.

Abstract: An electric furnace has a furnace wall, a cylindrical spiral member made of a wire of heat resistant material, a part of the cylindrical portion of which being embedded into the furnace wall and the remaining cylindrical portion of which being projected from an inner surface of the furnace wall, and a heating member inserted into the remaining cylindrical portion of the spiral member. The wire is wound along circles, ellipses, triangles, or quadrangles. The heating member has a circular, quadrangular, triangular or elliptical cross section.

Abstract: A heating element (12) made of metal wire is installed at an internal circumferential surface of a cylindrical main thermal insulation body (11) of an electric heater according to the present invention. The heating element (12) comprises a plurality of resistance heat emitting portions (61)–(64) (71)–(74) (81)–(84) as segments along its length direction. The resistance heat emitting portions (61)–(64) (71)–(74) (81)–(84) are connected in parallel.

Abstract: A container for molten metal which uses heat of solidification for heating the molten metal.

Abstract: The invention comprises an electric heating assembly having improved heat transfer, the heater comprised of a receptacle for containing amalgam heat transfer media. An amalgam heat transfer media is provided in the receptacle for purposes of heat transfer. An electric heating element is located in the amalgam. When the amalgam reaches a solidified condition, a receptacle or mold is not required for the electric heating assembly.

Abstract: The invention comprises an electric heating assembly having improved heat transfer, the heater comprised of a receptacle for containing amalgam heat transfer media. An amalgam heat transfer media is provided in the receptacle for purposes of heat transfer. An electric heating element is located in the amalgam. When the amalgam reaches a solidified condition, a receptacle or mold is not required for the electric heating assembly.

Abstract: The present invention is a heat insulating material being a single unit having superior insulating performance as well as sufficient mechanical strength itself to constitute furnace walls, an electric heating unit having the heat insulating material and a method of manufacture of the heat insulating material and the electrical heating unit. The heat insulating material of the present invention includes an outer layer having mainly refractory inorganic fibers and a core layer supported within the outer layer. The outer layer has greater mechanical strength than the core layer. The core layer has a composition having a better insulating performance than the outer layer and extends in a plane substantially perpendicular to the thickness of the heat insulating material. The electrical heating unit of the present invention has a heating element embedded in the heat insulating material.

Abstract: This invention presents a high-pressure high-temperature reaction vessel having a metallized graphite heater for improved performance. The metallized heater consists of a graphite tube comprising a refractory metal. Metallization of the graphite heater is accomplished either by coating the graphite tube with a refractory metal, by intermixing a refractory metal in the graphite, or by positioning a refractory metal sheet or cylinder adjacent the graphite heater. The refractory metal constrains the graphite heater, adds toughness to the heater, shields the heater from outside contamination, and provides an electrical contact for a thermocouple.

Abstract: An improved crucible for containing a body of molten aluminum and maintaining the molten aluminum at a predetermined temperature for transportation, the crucible comprised of a bottom and sides joined together to contain the molten aluminum and a liner comprised of a refractory substantially inert to the molten aluminum. A series of heating element receptacles are provided in the liner, the receptacles are lined with a ceramic tube fabricated from a material selected from the group consisting of mullite, boron nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, and silicon aluminum oxynitride, zirconia, stabilized zirconia and mixtures thereof. An electric heating element is provided in the ceramic tube for transferring heat to the body of aluminum.

Abstract: A tower furnace for the heat treatment of metal strips comprises a muffle (3) extending over the entire furnace height, through which muffle passes the strip (6). At the top of the muffle (3) an insulated stopper (1) with an electric heater (2) has been inserted into the muffle (3). Below this stopper (1) a gas-heated preheating space (4) is provided in the muffle (3).

Abstract: A helical heating wire is disposed so as to surround a reaction tube, and is held by a heat insulating structure. Support members are arranged at predetermined pitches on the inner circumference of the heat insulating structure to support the heating wire on the inner circumference of the heat insulating structure so as to enable the heating wire to make thermal expansion and thermal contraction. Fixing means are attached to one loop out of every suitable number of loops of the helical heating wire to fix the heating wire to the heat insulating structure.

Abstract: A method and system of heating a body of molten aluminum, for example, contained in a heating bay, the method comprising providing a body of molten aluminum; projecting an electric powered heater into the body of molten aluminum; passing electric current through the element and adding heat to the body of molten aluminum. The heater is comprised of a sleeve suitable for immersing in the molten aluminum. The sleeve may have a closed end and is comprised of a composite material comprised of an inner layer of titanium or titanium alloy having an outside surface having a refractory coating thereon exposed to the molten aluminum, the refractory coating resistant to attack by the molten aluminum. An electric heating element is located in the sleeve in heat transfer relationship therewith for adding heat to the molten aluminum.

Abstract: A high temperature furnace formed from a stack of ceramic fiber--toroidal discs each fabricated to have an upper and lower groove for accommodating a heating coil so as to permit thermal elongation without buckling. The stacked array form a hollow cylindrical inner chamber which receives heat in the form of radiation through a window formed by removing a portion of the material between the groove and inner chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved electric heater assembly suitable for heating molten metal, the electric heater assembly having a sleeve comprised of a closed end suitable for immersing in the molten metal. The sleeve is fabricated from a composite material comprised of titanium alloy and having an outside surface to be exposed to the molten metal coated with a refractory resistant to attack by the molten metal; and an electric heater located in the sleeve in heat transfer relationship therewith.

Abstract: A reactor is provided for heating a workpiece in a sealed environment. The reactor has a chamber with a gas inlet port, a gas outlet port, and at least one tube for receiving a heat source. The tube passes from outside the chamber into the inside of the chamber without breaking the chamber seal. Alternately, the tubes may be used for treating the workpiece with light, in combination with or instead of heat treatment.

Abstract: A heating element for a Deglor furnace includes a heating bar being surrounded by a protective tube. The protective tube is provided with a flange for mounting. The flange is formed by a separate ceramic ring or a metal clip and is permanently connected mechanically or chemically to an outer surface of the protective tube.

Abstract: A multi-apertured ceramic disk heat conductor support for use in a heating element for electrically heating industrial furnace installations. The ceramic disk has a center aperture extending between exterior surfaces on an axis of symmetry for receiving a supporting element. Further apertures extend are provided for receiving heat conductors. The further apertures are equidistantly disposed around at least one circle which is coaxial with the center aperture. The further apertures have a respective axial portion, and a respective widening portion at least at one end thereof which increases in diameter from the axial portion toward a respective exterior surface of the ceramic disk. A rounded transition region between the axial portion and the widening portion is provided and the length of the axial portion is less than one-half the thickness of the ceramic disk.

Abstract: Apparatus for heating an object such as a nuclear target bundle to release and recover hydrogen and contain the disposable residue for disposal. The apparatus comprises an inverted furnace, a sleeve/crucible assembly for holding and enclosing the bundle, conveying equipment for placing the sleeve onto the crucible and loading the bundle into the sleeve/crucible, a lift for raising the enclosed bundle into the furnace, and hydrogen recovery equipment including a trap and strippers, all housed in a containment having negative internal pressure. The crucible/sleeve assembly has an internal volume that is sufficient to enclose and hold the bundle before heating; the crucible's internal volume is sufficient by itself to hold and enclose the bundle's volume after heating. The crucible can then be covered and disposed of; the sleeve, on the other hand, can be reused.

Abstract: A glass melter having a lid electrode for heating the glass melt radiantly. The electrode comprises a series of INCONEL 690 tubes running above the melt across the melter interior and through the melter walls and having nickel cores inside the tubes beginning where the tubes leave the melter interior and nickel connectors to connect the tubes electrically in series. An applied voltage causes the tubes to generate heat of electrical resistance for melting frit injected onto the melt. The cores limit heat generated as the current passes through the walls of the melter. Nickel bus connection to the electrical power supply minimizes heat transfer away from the melter that would occur if standard copper or water-cooled copper connections were used between the supply and the INCONEL 690 heating tubes.

Abstract: Heat radiation tubes for furnaces and the like heating devices, mainly for industrial processes.Heating can be obtained by electrical heating elements or by combustion for example of gas. The radiation tube is a circular tube having end walls, flanges etc. as required.The radiation tube is a seam-less tube made from iron-chromium-aluminum thereby greatly reducing oxide spalling and enhancing strength thereof at high temperatures. Preferably the tubes are made by extrusion whereby conditions are chosen to provide a rough surface with grooves and ridges which further improves the adhesion of the oxide layer.

Abstract: The system comprises at least one coolant-carrying tubular support carrying at least one rider. The latter consists of a heat-resistant cast housing provided with at least one cutout into which a ceramic carrier is inserted. The carrier is of sufficient compressive strength even at a temperature in excess of 1,200.degree. C. The housing remains at a temperature below 1,200.degree. C. and therefore provides a very good support for the carrier which it holds and transfers the loads that occur into the tubular support. The housing is detachably connected with the tubular support by means of a bolt.

Abstract: A low-voltage electric heating device for application in a carburizing furnace is provided with an outer housing or sleeve for replaceable disposition within the furance, the outer housing radiating heat directly into said furnace; at least one current path conductor is positioned within the outer housing, the current path conductor being electrically connectable to a source of power and electrically insulated from a substantialy part of the outer housing. The heat radiated from the heating device is concentrated in the lower part because a current path has in series at least the current path conductor and at least a corresponding part of the outer housing, the resistance of the lower part of the outer housing being relatively large with respect to the remainder of the current path.

Abstract: A zig-zag picket graphite heater for use in high temperature furnaces of the type used for crystal growing, for example, utilizes a plurality of discrete graphite arcuate shell segments having vertically extending slots alternating from the upper and lower ends thereof. The edge pickets are adjacent slots which extend upwardly from the lower end of the segment and have extensions projecting below the other pickets so as to provide pads below the level of the slots. Graphite connectors span the adjacent pads of adjacent arcuate segments and certain of the connectors are also connected to electrical power supply terminals.

Abstract: The method according to the present invention relates to supply of heat energy to a metal melt or a similar electroconductive fluid (1,11). According to said method rod-like elements are partly immersed in the metal melt or a similar electroconductive fluid, the end portions (6,15) of said elements projecting from the melt are connected to electric power, and said end portions (6,15) and the other end portions (5,16) of said element consist of an electroconductive material, whereas the relatively long center portion (3, 13) of said element being immersed in the melt consists of electric resistance material, and at least said resistance material is coated with an electric insulating heat conductive and melt bath resistant coat (4, 14) which, thus, transfers the heat energy created in the resistance material of the elements to the melt.The invention, furthermore, relates to a heating element for use with said method.

Abstract: A nonfocused infrared panel emitter and method of making the same. The panel emitter includes a primary emitter positioned between an insulating layer and a secondary emitter. Preferably, the panel emitter comprises a metal foil primary emitter, woven alumina cloth secondary emitter, and alumina silica board insulating layer bonded together by means of an alumina silica binder. In the method of making the panel emitter, a mesh sheet is preferably positioned adjacent the foil and the sheet is vaporized by heating prior to bonding to create a void adjacent the foil to allow thermal expansion and contraction of the foil.

Abstract: A high temperature electric furnace has along its side walls vertical hollow electric resistance heating tubes (57) interconnected in serpentine fashion by conductive bridge plates (55). The tube ends and bridge plates are so contoured as to provide substantially uniform resistance along all possible current paths, thereby to avoid preferential current conduction with localized overheating. The bridge plates (55) and/or the tube ends are supported by air-cooled hollow hangers (28,45).

Abstract: A furnace and method producing a precisely controlled temperature gradient within a central bore by a plurality of heating elements sandwiched between respective insulating layers with each heating element loosely thermally coupled to a thermally conductive ring extending concentrically outward from the furnace bore. Thermal sensors at each layer provide data to data processing equipment which controls and moves temperature gradients within the furnace by program.

Abstract: A furnace producing a precisely controlled temperature gradient within a central bore by a plurality of heating elements sandwiched between respective insulating layers with each heating element loosely thermally coupled to a thermally conductive ring extending concentrically outward from the furnace bore. Thermal sensors at each layer provide data to data processing equipment which controls and moves temperature gradients within the furnace by program.