Abstract: A thermostatic device particularly usable in sensing the surface tempoerature of a rotatable member in a fuser includes a rotatable roller mountable in rolling engagement with a moving surface. A heat sensor located inside the roller senses temperature variations in the roller. For example, a pin that is spring-urged against the inside surface of the roller, moves a switch between open and closed conditions as the inside diameter of the roller varies with a change in its temperature. Alternatively, a bimetallic disc positioned in engagement with the inside surface of the roller is sensed to open or close a switch in response to the roller temperature reaching a given threshold.

Abstract: Disclosed is a temperature-sensing member including a columnar or hollow cylindrical base having a configuration of a circular or polygonal column or a hollow circular or polygonal cylinder; and at least one strip member of a material having a different coefficient of thermal expansion from that of the base, wherein the strip member is provided on at least a portion of an outer peripheral surface of the base at an acute angle with respect to an axis of the base and in such directions as to intersect each other on opposite sides of the base. In a case where two or more of the strip members are provided on the base, the strip members are disposed in mutually different directions with respect to an axis of the base and at an acute angle with respect to the base.

Abstract: A method of estimating yarn temperature comprises, measuring the temperature of a guide pin in contact with the yarn; measuring the tension of the yarn with a tensiometer; and estimating yarn temperature using the correlation:Tyarn=k1+k2.times.Tpin-k3.times.(F-k4)wherein Tyarn is the estimated temperature of the yarn:k1, k2, k3 and k4 are empirically determined constants; Tpin is the temperature of the guide pin; and F is yarn tension.

Abstract: The melting point of a powdery or particulate material is determined by allowing a sample of the material to contact a heated surface. If the material does not melt it is removed from the surface and the temperature of the surface is increased. The process is repeated until the material is observed to melt on the surface, the temperature of the surface at that time being observed in order to determine the melting point in question.

Abstract: An apparatus suitable for measuring the surface temperature of a moving strip at an elevated temperature comprises a sensing head connected to a pneumatic actuator through a ball joint. Air under pressure is supplied to a chamber in the head and flows through a ring of passages to form an air cushion between the sensing head and the surface S whose temperature is to be measured. Part of the air flows inward across the surface S to a central aperture in the bottom plate of the head and its temperature is measured by a thermocouple in the aperture. The aperture leads to a cavity above plate and the cavity is vented by passages. The temperature recorded by the thermocouple is a measure of the temperature of surface S.

Abstract: A transducer is provided for determining the concentration of contaminants in fabric webs. The transducer includes an insulated measuring roller with two electrode rings separated by insulation and extending to the surface of the roller. The roller is supported on swing arms and the electrode rings are connected in the circuit of a conductivity meter. The swing arms cooperate with springs to provide for pressing of the roller against an insulated guiding roller for the fabric web under test. Additional metallic rings can be included in the roller which include temperature sensors used for compensating for the temperature dependency of the conductivity measurement. The guiding roller comprises a metallic roller with an insulating coating. Pairs of the rollers can be included in a device for washing fabric webs.

Abstract: A temperature measuring device for a rotating roll comprises a housing with guide rollers around which a belt is looped and held under tension by an idler roll. One boundary of the housing is arched concavely in accordance with typical roll diameters to enable the blet to run freely in this region outside the housing and press against a roll surface in a looping region to drive the belt as the roll rotates. The inner side of the belt facing away from the roll may be blackened and the energy radiated therefrom may be measured by a radiation pyrometer to determine the temperature of the roll.

Abstract: A surface temperature sensor is disclosed, which comprises a contact member and a position restricting portion for guiding the contact member, of which the contact member comprises a contact surface formed of an elastic material and having a generally C-shaped or .OMEGA.-shaped section, a first deformable portion connected to and extending from respective ends of the contact surface, a second deformable portion connected to and inwardly extending from respective ends of the first deformable portions along the contact surface, and a support portion formed at respective free ends of the second deformable portions and pivotally supported about pins, and of which the position restricting portion has ends thereof located in the vicinity of points at which respective first deformable portion and the second deformable portion are connected to each other.

Abstract: Method of measuring the temperature of a running filiform element, without mechanical contact with the element, and devices for implementing such method. According to the invention, a fluid of which the temperature and the flow rate have been measured is supplied to a chamber through which a filiform element is moving. Part of the fluid is collected in order to measure its temperature. The temperature of the element is determined from the flow rate and injection exit temperatures of the fluid. The invention is particularly applied in metallurgy to temperature measuring of yarns, tubes, sheets or metal strips, sections, and the like.

Abstract: A thermocouple for use with a brake block outputs a signal indicative alternatively of the steady state temperature of the brake block friction element and of the transient temperature of the friction element brake drum interface.

Abstract: A radiation thermometer comprises two radiation detectors for detecting radiation in wavelength bands centered on two different wavelengths .lambda..sub.1,.lambda..sub.2 (where .lambda..sub.1 >.lambda..sub.2) from a rotating body such as a gas turbine motor and for generating first and second signals S.sub.1,<S.sub.2 >respectively related to the radiance profile around said body and the average radiance around said body. A time averaging circuit generates a signal <S.sub.1 >representing an average value of said first signal. A dividing circuit generates a signal related to the ratio of <S.sub.1 >to <S.sub.2 >; and a monitor monitors at least one of said signals, predetermined arithmetic combinations of said signals, and quantities related thereto and provides corresponding output signals.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the temperature of a hot body by a non-contact technique. It comprises a chopping disc 2 which may be disposed in the path of the radient heat energy from the object so providing a pulsed output of radient heat energy directed towards a pyroelectric element 7. Between the pyroelectric element 7 and the disc 2 is a further rotatable disc 4 having a pair of wavelength filters 6 and 6'. A microprocessor 14 operates to rotate the disc 4 to interpose each filter 6 and 6' in turn in the path of the pulsed output from the disc 2 at predetermined time intervals. The consequent output from the pyroelectric element 7 is, after amplification, rectification and smoothing in suitable circuits, fed to the microprocessor 14, which then calculates the ratio of the signal from the element 7 representative of power output through one of the filters, and the signal from element 7 representative of power output through the other filter.

Abstract: A rotary cylindrical drum used in a commercial laundry flatwork finisher, having a jacket type construction so as to provide an annular fluid cavity for uniformly heating the exposed surface of the drum. The flatwork finisher includes fluid circulating system providing a temperature sensing probe exteriorly of the drum for measuring and regulating the temperature of the circulated fuel by controlling the operation of a heating element associated therewith.

Abstract: A device and process for measuring infra-red radiation for determining the temperature of wires in lengthwise movement in front of a black background of a heated enclosure constituting a black body and emitting infra-red radiation, and comprising two infra-red-transparent convergent lenses for effecting two optical paths through two spaced windows of the enclosure, respectively; a plane mirror for directing the infra-red radiation resulting from each of said optical paths on an infra-red detector; a rotatable notched disc placed close by said lenses so that the obturation and opening of the lenses by the rotating disc produces a "diaphram effect".

Abstract: A gas heated direct fired center tube revolving ironer for use in an automated fabric ironing environment features improved roller surface temperature distribution control. An adjustable hot air recirculation system with a venturi throat, a high momentum gas burner, an improved temperature control system and an exhaust blower cooperate to provide an even temperature along the ironing surface. Multiple high and low temperature controls provide backup and ensure accuracy and safety. The gas fuel consumption is minimized thereby reducing operating costs.

Abstract: A thermocouple, for measuring the temperature of flat strip moving horizontally through a furnace, extends vertically into the furnace and can move vertically within a fixed guide assembly. The ceramic insulated thermocouple element, inside an outer thermocouple member, can move within the outer thermocouple member, in response to the urging of a spring, and has a contact pad composed of a metal with a melting point such that a layer of molten metal forms on the contact pad from frictional heat from the moving strip. In a second embodiment, for measuring vertically moving strip, with the thermocouple assembly horizontally positioned, the thermocouple assembly includes a second spring to urge the thermocouple assembly horizontally into the furnace against the moving strip.

Abstract: An infrared tunnel oven includes one or more oven tiers each having a horizontal cooking tunnel with entrance and exit at opposite ends, the tier(s) being supported by a base. Each tunnel is divided along its length into multiple heating zones. The roof and hearth surfaces of each tunnel are heated by electrical heating panels for direct IR emission from the roof and hearth for direct absorption by food products conveyed through the tunnel by a continuous speed-controllable conveyor. Microprocessor-controlled circuitry monitors, by a thermocouple arrangement, the temperature of the roof and hearth in each zone, controlling the electric heating panels to maintain preselected roof and hearth temperatures in each such zone. The microprocessor also controls the conveyor speed for conveying of products along the length of the tunnel within a preselected cooking time. User selection of temperatures in the different zones and cooking time, as well as other functions, is provided by keypad entry.

Abstract: The purpose of the invention is to provide means for non-contacting sensing of the surface temperature of objects. A member, adapted to be brought in the vicinity of the object, has an opening leading to a protective enclosure in which a temperature sensing element is mounted. Pumping means are provided to suck the ambient fluid, usually air, from the surface of the object through the opening into the protective enclosure, whereby the temperature sensing element takes up the fluid temperature, providing a fluid temperature signal. A gap is formed between the object and the member and the fluid flows in this gap before entering the opening and takes up a temperature between the object temperature and the member temperature. A second temperature sensing element is adapted to take up the temperature of the member providing a member temperature signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for accurately sensing the temperature of articles being heated in a microwave oven. Basic structural elements of the invention are a housing that defines an oven chamber, a door providing access thereto and an energy source for transmitting microwave energy into the chamber. A temperature responsive sensor is positioned within the chamber and is adapted to sense the temperature of articles being heated therein. Enclosing the sensor is an elongated sensor body formed of an electrically conductive material so as to provide a shield for microwave energy and having a length that establishes therfor a detuned antenna condition at the microwave transmission frequency of the source. An electrical control circuit is coupled between the source and the sensor and controls energization of the source in response to temperature levels sensed by the sensor.

Abstract: A roller bearing hot box sensor utilizing a metallic temperature sensitive longated wire element. The wire element contracts at temperatures in the range of about 125.degree. F. to about 225.degree. F. so that when the contraction movement of the wire is attached to a connector means that operates a firing pin. Movement of the wire element initiates an electrical battery or other power source and thereby transmits electrical current to a signaling device, that gives a signal.

Abstract: A temperature probe having a sensor mounted on a flexible sheet having a low coefficient of friction surface that contacts the surface to be sensed and a coefficient of conductivity to permit rapid transmission of heat through said flexible sheet to a sensor mounted on the side of the flexible sheet remote from the contact surface, the flexible sheet being formed into a configuration to permit same to flex when contacting the surface to be sensed and thereby tend to conform to the shape of the surface being sensed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a passive, fast-response thermocouple probe for accurately measuring temperatures of fixed or moving areas of surfaces, particularly of lightweight, low-thermal-conductivity materials, with only a minimal modification of their temperatures being caused by the probe's contact therewith. In making the probe, an approximation of the areal heat capacity of the object, the surface temperature of which is to be obtained, is determined. This information is then utilized to determine the required thickness, density, specific heat, and thermal conductivity of the layer of insulating material which is mounted on the mounting block of the probe. A thin, low-areal-heat capacity thermocouple is positioned on the upper surface of the insulating layer, and a thin, low-areal-heat capacity cover film is mounted over the foregoing elements and extends partially down the sides of the mounting block.

Abstract: In a method of continuously measuring the temperature of the surface of a strand over the length of a continuously cast strand within a roller guide of a continuous casting plant, at least one thermoelement with its measuring junction and the thermocouple connecting the measuring junction with equalizing conduits are applied onto the strand surface and moved together with the strand surface. In order to make the method insensitive to the conditions prevailing within the cooling chamber, for example, the presence of a high level of humidity or steam, and to keep free the space laterally of the strand by providing a measuring arrangement for carrying out the method which is designable in a constructionally simple manner, the thermoelement is rolled into the strand surface in the longitudinal direction of the strand.

Abstract: A bearing assembly includes a lubricated bearing and a thermistor mounted in or adjacent the lubricant flow path through to or from the bearing. The thermistor is in heat exchange relationship with the lubricant and is connected in an electrical circuit so as to operate in the self heating mode to respond to a deleterious change in the flow of lubricant along the path. The rate of flow of lubricant determines the rate of dispersion of heat from the thermistor and thereby determines the temperature of the thermistor.

Abstract: A device for continually sensing the temperature of an advancing glass ribbon has a thermocouple temperature sensing junction mounted within the area circumscribed by a pair of rotating wheels and spaced from the periphery of the wheels. The wheels engage the ribbon and are rotated thereby as the temperature sensing junction remains in a fixed position in a plane containing the rotating axis of the wheels and normal to the glass surface to continually sense the temperature of the advancing ribbon.

Abstract: A system for monitoring the temperature of a plurality of bearings and motors, for example in a grain elevator, includes a plurality of sensors associated with the respective bearings and motors whose temperatures are to be monitored. A first circuit energizes a display for providing a readout of the temperature at each sensor location, and a second circuit compares the temperature at each sensor with a maximum desired temperature for its associated bearing or motor, and energizes an alarm when this desired maximum is exceeded. A third circuit drives a display indentifying the sensor being monitored by the first and second circuits. A malfunction detector circuit produces an observable indication in response to an open circuit condition at any of the sensors.