Abstract: A calibration arrangement has a sealable and thermally-isolated chamber comprising a socket mount having a number of reference samples in thermal contact with the socket mount and a number of sample sockets for devices-under test, DUTs, with each sample socket being arranged in proximity to and associated to at least one of the reference samples. The arrangement further comprises a thermal chuck and a circuit board, which is configured to provide electrical connection to the reference samples in the socket mount and DUTs in the sample sockets. The thermal chuck is configured to thermalize the socket mount and the circuit board to a temperature set point.

Abstract: A flow guiding and heat dissipating type dry block temperature calibrator, which belongs to the temperature calibration field. The temperature calibrator includes a furnace body located in a housing and at least one air flow generating device. The air flow generating device is on one side or at the periphery of the furnace body, and is one or a combination of a gas passage, a flow guiding fan, an air pump and a blower. The air flow generated by the air flow generating device is blown toward a handle of a device being tested that is inserted in the furnace body, such that the handle is cooled, thereby preventing the sensor inside the handle from failing due to high temperature, facilitating the heat dissipation of the internal electronic components of the instrument itself, and extending the service life of the temperature calibrator.

Abstract: A sensor device includes at least one sensor, a digital signal processor and an amplifier. The at least one sensor is configured to measure a variable physical quantity and provide a raw sensor signal at an output of the at least one sensor. The digital signal processor is configured to preprocess the raw sensor signal output by the at least one sensor into a sensor signal and to further process the sensor signal into a pulse-width-modulated output signal having a duty cycle that is dependent on the measured quantity using a plurality of device-specific correction parameters stored in a memory to convert the sensor signal into the pulse-width modulated output signal. The amplifier is configured to convert the pulse-width modulated output signal into an analog voltage or current signal.

Abstract: A calibration system for a climate system utilizing closed loop feedback and a phase change cell includes controlling a transfer rate of energy between a phase change cell and a thermal mass based on at least a temperature of the thermal mass. The transfer rate is controlled in order to control the temperature of the thermal mass and selectively move a material in the phase change cell through a phase change with transferred energy. In particular, the temperature of the thermal mass is controllable when the material is maintained in the phase change. A thermal sensor in the thermal mass may also be calibrated based on the temperature of a thermal sensor in the phase change cell during a predetermined portion of the phase change.

Abstract: An adaptive model training system and method for filtering asset operating data values acquired from a monitored asset for selectively choosing asset operating data values that meet at least one predefined criterion of good data quality while rejecting asset operating data values that fail to meet at least the one predefined criterion of good data quality; and recalibrating a previously trained or calibrated model having a learned scope of normal operation of the asset by utilizing the asset operating data values that meet at least the one predefined criterion of good data quality for adjusting the learned scope of normal operation of the asset for defining a recalibrated model having the adjusted learned scope of normal operation of the asset.

Abstract: A method of calibrating a reversible-binding sensor for detecting an analyte includes: (i) varying the temperature of a first calibration solution from a first temperature (T1) to a second temperature (T2) while the first calibration solution is in contact with a sensing region of the sensor; (ii) determining the sensor output for the first calibration solution as a function of temperature; (iii) varying the temperature of a second calibration solution from a third temperature (T3) to a fourth temperature (T4) while the second calibration solution is in contact with the sensing region, the second calibration solution having a concentration of analyte which is different from that of the first calibration solution; (iv) determining the sensor output for the second calibration solution as a function of temperature; and (v) using the determined sensor output from steps (ii) and (iv) to calibrate the sensor.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter is disclosed. The converter includes a gradient correction module that generates a correction term based on a model of gradient error. The correction term is then applied to the signal path in the digital domain or applied to the output of the digital-to-analog converter in the analog domain. The model used to generate the correction term is based on a vertical gradient error in the array of current source elements, which may be modelled and calibrated using a second-order polynomial. Further, a digital-to-analog converter having a Nyquist DAC and an oversampled DAC is disclosed. When the oversampled DAC is enabled, the resolution of the Nyquist DAC may be increased while slowing the conversion rate.

Abstract: A method for on-orbit calibration of the temperature sensors of a blackbody is disclosed. The method may include selecting a blackbody traveling in a micro-gravity environment and comprising a sensor, a container positioned proximate the sensor and containing a material, and a heat transfer device positioned proximate the at least one container. The heat transfer device may transition the material through a phase change. The temperature sensor may monitor the temperature of the material during the phase change. Additionally, the state of the material may be measured by displacement of the container to improve the accuracy of the plateau temperature measurement. A correction may be calculated to correct any disparity between the temperature reported by the temperature sensor during the phase change and the known plateau temperature, measured at a threshold state of the material, corresponding to that phase change.

Abstract: There is provided a temperature measuring device capable of achieving cost reduction even in the case where the same is a multichannel temperature measuring device. The temperature-measuring device comprises a thermocouple having two dissimilar metal wires, ends thereof, on one-side, being joined with each other, and the other ends thereof, being connected to one pair of contact terminals, respectively, a unit of a temperature-measurement set made up by joining together a plurality of the thermocouples, and a reference junction compensation circuit provided for every unit of the temperature-measurement set, wherein at least one of the reference junction compensation circuits of the temperature-measuring device is left out while the other reference junction compensation circuits of the temperature-measuring device are removed upon a plurality of the units of the temperature-measurement sets being disposed in series.

Abstract: A liquid based ice protection test method tests an aircraft part that includes at least a first heating element mounted on an inside surface of an aircraft skin. The method includes bringing the aircraft skin into contact with a low temperature bath and taking one or more temperature readings of the aircraft skin. A liquid based deicing test system includes a container that holds a low temperature bath, a fixture to suspend the aircraft part within the container, and a temperature sensing device for reading temperatures on an outside surface of the aircraft part. A liquid based ice protection test method includes sealing off ends of an aircraft part, attaching at least one temperature sensing device on the aircraft part and at least partially submerging it in a low temperature bath, and obtaining temperature information from the temperature sensing device.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system includes a first cold noise source, a first radiometer receiver, and a first detector. The first cold noise source generates a first thermal radiation signal having a first carrier frequency band. The first thermal radiation signal carries a first information signal. The first cold noise source also transmits the first thermal radiation signal through a first antenna. The first radiometer receiver receives the first thermal radiation signal through a second antenna, and the first detector extracts the first information signal from the first thermal radiation signal.

Abstract: A method of calibrating a heater system for heating a surface of a structure, the heater system including a heater element, a temperature sensor proximate the heater element for outputting a signal indicative of the temperature of the heater element, and a controller for controlling the supply of power to the heater element in dependence on the signal to maintain the temperature of the heater element at a first substantially constant temperature. The method comprises: immersing the structure in a fluid for maintaining the surface of the structure at a second substantially constant temperature; supplying an amount of power to the heater element; receiving the signal from the temperature sensor and determining a temperature at the temperature sensor; and determining a setpoint temperature for controlling the heater element in dependence on the signal and the second substantially constant temperature.

Abstract: A temperature measuring device incorporates a fixed point cell to provide an integrated structure. The fixed point cell houses a pure substance within a substantially cylindrical graphite crucible. The pure substance is to be melted to give an absolute temperature. The crucible is enclosed within a sealed metal container. An annular metal tube surrounds the container and the inner wall of the tube is formed by the outer peripheral wall of the container. This provides excellent heat conduction from the interior of the tube to the interior of the crucible. The tube is arranged to define either a heat pipe or a thermal siphon and includes an appropriate vaporizable fluid.

Abstract: To improve the precision of temperature compensation in an infrared sensor and obtain a sharp image, a correction is applied to a variation in output voltage (referred to as “background infrared radiation absorption intensity distribution” below) due to intensity distribution of background infrared radiation, which is light other than the incident infrared radiation on the infrared sensor, and the temperature characteristic of each individual bolometer constituting the infrared sensor. That is, the temperature of the infrared sensor is measured as a first temperature, a correction value for the output voltage of each bolometer is found by referring to a table, which indicates the background infrared radiation absorption intensity distribution versus the temperature of the infrared sensor, as well as the first temperature, and the variation in output voltage is corrected.

Abstract: A sensor part is provided with a printed circuit board that is made of resin and formed with a pair of electrically conductive metal patterns. Each of the pair of electrically conductive metal patterns includes: a first pattern part connected to a pair of electrodes of a temperature sensor; a second pattern part connected to a pair of conductive wires; and a connection part making a connection between the first and second pattern parts. The connection between the pair of electrodes of the temperature sensor and the first pattern part or between the pair of conductive wires and the second pattern part is made with the use of Dotite or solder.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for controlling a drywell including a receiver having upper and lower ends with the lower end being more insulated than the upper and having a temperature sensor in thermal contact therewith. Upper and lower heaters are in thermal contact with the upper and lower ends respectively. A controller includes an integrated circuit having a temperature sensor. A reading from the integrated circuit is used to control power to the upper heater and reduce a temperature gradient between the upper and lower ends of the receiver.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi fixed-point cell for calibrating a thermometer and a thermometer calibration apparatus using the same, wherein measuring errors can be checked by using a property of constant temperature of a metal on the basis of a phase transition and wide range of temperature region can be measured by one time calibration, thereby capable of increasing efficiencies of time and cost which are taken for calibration. In a multi fixed-point cell for calibrating a thermometer according to the present invention, a thermometer inserting hole in which a thermometer is inserted is formed at one side and at least two reference material inserting holes in which reference materials having different phase transition temperatures are inserted respectively are formed on a same plane as that of the thermometer inserting hole so as to be spaced apart each other.

Abstract: A sensor part is provided with a printed circuit board that is made of resin and formed with a pair of electrically conductive metal patterns. Each of the pair of electrically conductive metal patterns includes: a first pattern part connected to a pair of electrodes of a temperature sensor; a second pattern part connected to a pair of conductive wires; and a connection part making a connection between the first and second pattern parts. The connection between the pair of electrodes of the temperature sensor and the first pattern part or between the pair of conductive wires and the second pattern part is made with the use of Dotite or solder.

Abstract: A fixed-point cell for connection with a thermometer protecting tube and apparatus for estimating the lifetime of thermometerin the thermometer protecting tube including: a reference temperature material layer made of high-purity metallic materials to indicate a reference temperature based on a phase change of material, which coexists in a two-phase or three-phase state; a container part of a multiple structure having the reference temperature material layer embedded and sealed therein for achieving thermal correlation between the reference temperature material layer and the thermometer protecting tube having a thermometer contained therein, the thermometer protecting tube being inserted into the central hole of the fixed-point cell while being in contact with the inner circumference of the container part; and fixing devices disposed on the top portion of the container part for fixing the thermometer protecting tube to the container part in a fastening manner.

Abstract: A device (10) for calibrating tympanic thermometers includes an enclosure (12) which may be heated or cooled depending upon the testing temperature. Within the enclosure (12) there is provided a sealed flask (14) which contains substance (16) which melts at the test temperature (this may be ethylene carbonate, melting point 36.3° C.). Located within the sealed flask (14) is a re-entrant well (18) which provides the blackbody for testing tympanic thermometers and a viewing aperture (20). The well (18) is treated to achieve a high surface emissivity. The device (10) allows the testing of thermometers by measuring the triple point or melting point of the substance (16). As the temperature of the substance (16) is accurately known, so is the temperature in the blackbody cavity (18) and thermometers can be calibrated thereby.

Abstract: A centrifuge temperature pre-calibration apparatus including a memory storage device having correction coefficients for temperature, a controller, an un-calibrated temperature sensor and a calibrated temperature display device connected to a computer which based on data from these connections calculates a slope of a line and calculates actual temperature based on this slope and an offset value. The slope is determined by the ratio of the difference between a second data point and a first data point of the calibrated temperature display device and the difference between the second data point and the first data point of the un-calibrated temperature sensor.

Abstract: A food safety thermometer is provided that is easily calibratable. The thermometer includes a digital display for displaying the temperature of food items under measurement. A calibration unit is coupled to the digital display. The calibration unit generates a calibration alert when the measured temperature is maintained within a calibration range for a predetermined period of time (the calibration period). If the user elects to calibrate the thermometer during the calibration period, the may activate the calibration unit and the calibration unit drives the measured temperature to the calibration temperature.

Abstract: An apparatus for calibration of temperature sensors, comprising a cavity (2) for receiving a sensor (10) to be calibrated, a heat-transferring medium (5) for surrounding the sensor in the cavity, and a means for heating/cooling of the medium to a desired temperature. The cavity (2) receives at least one sensor-surrounding thin-walled calibrator body (3) which is made of a pliable material having a high thermal conductivity and which defines a volume (4) which is filled of a heat-transferring medium, the calibrator body (3) having an inner wall (8) defining at least a part of an inner opening (9) for receiving at least one sensor (10), and being arranged to be subjected to a pressure influence to bring the opening-defining wall (8) of the calibrator body into tight-fitting abutment against the sensor (10) or sensors.

Abstract: There are provided an apparatus for temperature calibration of temperature sensors, and a liner for use in such an apparatus, wherein the liner (9) is adapted to be placed in a cavity (5) in a dry block (1) in the apparatus, and is arranged to receive at least one sensor to be calibrated. The liner has a cavity (10) which is adapted to receive a heat transferring liquid (11) and one or more sensors (13, 14) in the liquid-filled cavity (10). The liner preferably constitutes a container having an open end which is provided with a cap (12) for closing the container.

Abstract: In a method of fabricating a substrate, a substrate is submerged into a chemical bath so that the thickness of the substrate changes. The temperature of the chemical bath is monitored to ascertain a change in the thickness of the substrate.

Abstract: A blackbody cavity having two types of wall surfaces wherein a first type has high emissivity and a second type has low emissivity. The low emissivity wall surface has an aperture from where the infrared radiation escapes the cavity, and is preferably shaped to minimize the escape through the aperture of radiation emanated directly from the low emissivity wall itself. The combination of high and low emissivity wall surfaces allows the blackbody to reduce the influence of the environmental temperature while maintaining emissivity approaching unity.

Abstract: A triple point cell comprising: 1) An outer vessel and an inner vessel; 2) an elastomeric stopper that fits inside the open end of the outer vessel; the elastomeric stopper has two holes, one through which the inner vessel is tightly fitted, and a second through which unwanted gasses is allowed to escape; 3) water in the volume between the outer and inner vessels. 4) a vent plug for plugging up the second hole after all the unwanted gases has been driven out of the triple point cell by water vapor that has been generated by boiling the water. Triple point is reached by freezing some of the water in the cell, and then letting the ice, water, and water vapor come to thermal equilibrium.

Abstract: In a method of fabricating a substrate, a substrate is submerged into a chemical bath so that the thickness of the substrate changes. The temperature of the chemical bath is monitored to ascertain a change in the thickness of the substrate.

Abstract: A thermometer stem is inserted into a thermally controlled receptacle housed by the calibrator to bring the thermometer to a calibration temperature. A socket in the housing engages and holds the adjustment nut of the thermometer so that the casing of the thermometer can be adjusted while the thermometer remains inserted in the calibrator. The socket includes multiple openings of progressively smaller dimension to allow calibration of thermometers using different size adjusters without having to attach or remove an adapter. A wrench can be included for rotating thermometer casings, enhancing ease of use of the device.

Abstract: A method of calibrating a characteristic sensor of a transponder having a memory characteristic of a host including the steps of placing a transponder in a liquid bath having a known temperature, measuring the value of the bath with the transponder, outputting the temperature value measured by the transponder, receiving the output signal and computing the temperature value of the bath, comparing the computed value of the bath with the known value of the bath and storing the difference between the computed value and the known value in a predetermined memory location in the transponder.

Abstract: A thermometer stem is inserted into a thermally controlled receptacle housed by the calibrator to bring the thermometer to a calibration temperature. A socket in the housing engages and holds the adjustment nut of the thermometer so that the casing of the thermometer can be adjusted while the thermometer remains inserted in the calibrator. A wrench can be attached to the calibrator for rotating thermometer casings, enhancing ease of use of the device. An adapter can be placed over the socket to allow use with adjusters of various sizes and shapes.

Abstract: A black body for calibrating an infrared thermometer includes a cavity and is configured to float stably on a surface of a volume of liquid with the cavity in close thermal contact with the liquid and the opening exposed above the surface.

Abstract: A thermistor is employed for sensing refrigerant temperature in a refrigeration system and an electronic controller continuously measures changes in resistance of the thermistor as an indication of refrigerant temperature for generating a control signal for controlling compressor clutch and condenser for the thermistor is calibrated at installation by flowing constant temperature air over the thermistor, measuring the resistance of the thermistor, comparing the measured value with a standard value and storing the comparison in the microcomputer non-volatile memory or externally such as non-volatile memory, diodes, program PINS, etc. as correction factor for operational use in controlling the system with refrigerant flowing over the thermistor.

Abstract: A portable device is provided herein for testing a plurality of thermostats in situ, each thermostat being connected to an associated one of heat sensing units which are located within a liquid coolant circulation system of a manifold of a locomotive engin. The portable device includes a double-open-ended tubular casing fitted with an electric heater, whereby liquid coolant may be heated while it flows through the tubular casing. A first conduit is connected to one open, outflow, end of the tubular casing, the first conduit being provided with a pressure safety valve, the first conduit being connectable to a liquid coolant inflow line leading from a main liquid coolant reservoir, for conducting liquid coolant liquid to the manifold. The first conduit is provided with a first portion of a first, quick-connect coupling.

Abstract: A method for measuring a surface temperature of a sensor being heat-transferably contacted with a subject fluid by employing an electrically heating method in which the surface temperature is measured while passing an electrical current through an electrical conductor included in said sensor. In this measuring method, the surface temperature is expressed as a function of a specific value inherent in the sensor, an amount of the electric current supplied to the electrical conductor, and a temperature of the electrical conductor. The sensor is heat-transferably contacted with another fluid whose physical properties are previously known, a surface temperature of the sensor contacted with the another fluid is determined by satisfying a relational equation between the physical properties of the another fluid and the surface temperature, and the specific value inherent in the sensor is determined by using the determined surface temperature.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for rating a thermometer probe, wherein the thermometer probe includes a small thermistor sensing element and a pair of conductors connected with the thermistor contacts and being supported upon a substrate. With the thermistor held at a particular temperature, the electrical resistance of the thermometer probe is measured and the difference between the resistance of that probe and a standard resistance is fed to a computer which operates a laser to encode a machine-readable character on the probe representative of the difference between the measured resistance of the probe and the standard resistance. In use, the probe is inserted in a readout and the readout senses the actual resistance of the thermometer probe which is dependent upon the temperature of the thermistor.

Abstract: This application for calibrating surface temperature measuring devices is used in chemical processes. The apparatus is portable and comprises a cylindrical metal rod with controlled heating means of accurately known surface temperature.

Abstract: A temperature sensor is constructed as a bridge circuit using thick film technology. Both thermistor and resistor thick film inks are applied to a substrate to form a bridge circuit for producing a highly sensitive and accurate indicator when a predetermined temperature has been reached. The resistor thick film circuit is laser scribed at a specific temperature value for greater accuracy.