Abstract: An apparatus and method of generating a pseudo noise (PN) code is provided. The apparatus for generating the PN code includes: a memory device unit including a plurality of memory devices; an exclusive-OR (XOR) operation unit receiving output values of at least two memory devices among output values of the plurality of memory devices to output an XOR operation value with respect to the received output values; and a PN code generation unit generating the PN code based on an output value of the XOR operation unit.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for estimating an uplink frequency offset in a wireless communication system. In a receiving apparatus of a wireless communication system using a random access channel composed of two equivalent sequences, the apparatus includes a channel receiver which extracts samples corresponding to the two sequences from an input random access channel signal; a correlator which computes first and second correlation values by correlating preceding and trailing samples among the samples output from the channel receiver with a predetermined sequence; and a frequency offset estimator which estimates a frequency offset by using a ratio of the second correlation value to the first correlation value output from the correlator.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus using hybrid automatic repeat-request (HARQ) to enhance a system throughput in a transmit diversity system.

Abstract: Clock spreading systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment of the invention, a clock spreading system is provided in an integrated transceiver system that comprises a base band control system and a transceiver coupled to the base band control system. The clock spreading system provides a spread clock output signal derived from a clock reference signal for clocking one of the base band control system and the transceiver. The clock spreading system is configured to provide a periodic phase modulated spread clock output signal during receiving of data in a receive mode and a pseudo-random phase modulated spread clock output signal during transmitting of data in a transmit mode.

Abstract: A method for a direct sequence spread spectrum communication system comprises encoding a first signal of data in a communication channel, embedding a second signal of data as notches in the communication channel, transmitting the first signal of data and the second signal of data concurrently and at a substantially same rate across the communication channel, receiving the communication channel, decoding the first signal of data in the communication channel to interpret the first signal of data, and bit decoding the second signal of data in the communication channel to interpret the second signal of data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for efficient processing of signal in a communication system. The processing of the signal for transmission may include encoding a block of data at an encoding rate 1/R. The encoding produces R number of data symbols for every data bit in the block of data. A block of RAM (299, 600) is partitioned into a plurality of blocks of RAM to allow reading simultaneously data symbols from the plurality of blocks of RAM to produce an in-phase and a quad-phase data symbols simultaneously. At least two scramblers (306 and 307) are used for simultaneously scrambling the in-phase and quad-phase data symbols. A Walsh covering/summing block (700) followed by the scramblers provides efficient Walsh covering and summing of signals for a combined transmission from the communication system.

Abstract: A transmitter (20) for a code division multiple access radio access network intelligently preconditions a channel-merged signal which is applied to its amplifier (22) so that the amplifier does not experience, e.g., precipitous power changes. The transmitter (20) comprises an amplifier (22) for amplifying the channel-merged signal at a signal output power; a detector (24) for performing detection of when output power of the channel-merged signal is about to change by a specified amount; and, a noise inserter (26) for adding a noise signal to the channel-merged signal in dependence upon the detection. Insertion of the noise smoothes an edge of the power change curve and thereby averts stress for the amplifier.

Abstract: A base station, a mobile station, a radio communications system, and a radio transmission method are disclosed. The base station includes a control information determining unit configured to determine control information that includes a spreading factor, the number of chip repetitions, and a phase unique to the mobile station, based on at least one of information about the type of cell environments in which the mobile station is present, information about the number of mobile stations that are present in the cell, information about information rate required by the mobile station, information about a type of traffic, information about a radio parameter of the mobile station, information about a propagation path condition, and information about interference from an adjacent cell, and configured to transmit the spreading factor, the number of chip repetitions, and the unique phase of the mobile station that is determined to the mobile station.

Abstract: The invention discloses a distribution method of channelization code in code division multiple access system, which including: A. the spread spectrum codes distributed to every sector and the correlated coefficients between the spread spectrum codes distributed to every neighboring sector are calculated according to the cellular codes and the channelization codes distributed to every sector, when the network is programmed; B. every sector is divided into different regions and the edge region of every sector is formed; C. the priority of which every channelization code is at the edge region of every sector is decided according to the correlated coefficients between the spread spectrum codes distributed to every neighboring sector; D. the position information of user is real-time calculated during the operation of system, and which region the user positioned in sector is determined according to the position information; E.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a signal quality measuring apparatus for the WiBro system and a method thereof. The signal quality measuring apparatus for a WiBro system includes a WiBro signal reception unit, a preamble code correlation unit, a channel compensation/demodulation unit, and a control unit. The WiBro signal reception unit receives a WiBro signal from each base station. The preamble code correlation unit searches the WiBro signal for a number of preamble codes equal to the number of base stations for which measurement of signal quality measurement is required. The channel compensation/demodulation unit acquires the information of a Frame Control Header (FCH) section and a DownLink-MAP (DL-MAP) section with reference to the preamble codes found by the preamble code correlation unit, and demodulates the information of a unique number of the base station.

Abstract: Disclosed is a data transmission process using repetitive sets of spreading sequences, and corresponding transmitted and receiver. According to the invention, spectrum spreading is done on symbol packets using set of pseudo-random sequences used repetitively. This thus reduces interference between symbols. The present invention is applicable to digital communications by spectrum spreading.

Abstract: A method of sending ultra-wide band signals via a plurality of sending antennas includes a phase for sending training sequences followed by a phase for sending data after which each antenna of the plurality of sending antennas sends a waveform using a Hermite pulse that is unique and orthogonal to the waveforms sent by the other antennas, and a device configured to perform the method.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for reconfigurable SFBC/STBC in a diversity transmission system are presented. Exemplary aspects of the system may include one or more circuits that enable generation of a plurality of codeword sequences based on a data sequence. In a diversity transmission system, the plurality of codeword sequences may be concurrently transmitted via at least a portion of a plurality of transmitting antennas. The concurrently transmitted codeword sequences may enable a diversity receiver to generate the data sequence. In a single input single output transmission system, one or more circuits may enable transmission of one of the plurality of codeword sequences via one of the plurality of transmitting antennas. The transmitted codeword sequence may enable a receiver to generate the data sequence.

Abstract: A plurality of differential encoders encodes a plurality of parallel data bit streams. XOR gates interleave the outputs of the differential encoders forming a single high speed differentially encoded bit stream with a data rate that is the sum of the data rate of the parallel data bit streams. The high speed data stream provides a single differentially encoded input to a differential phase shift keying modulator that generates symbols for a high speed optical communication system.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for allocating tones for communications in the strip-symbol periods in an OFDM system are described. In a strip-symbol, the signal is transmitted using the tones in a tone subset, which is selected from a predetermined set of tone subsets according to a fixed schedule sequence. Adjacent base stations and sectors use the same set of tone subsets but different schedule sequence to minimize the number of collisions between the tone subsets used in adjacent sectors and neighboring cells.

Abstract: A signal transmission apparatus includes a symbol block generator configured to generate a first symbol block by multiplexing data information and control information in a symbol period, and a transmitter configured to transmit the first symbol block over a wireless communication network. In certain configurations, the transmitter is configured to transmit a predetermined number of symbol blocks within a transmit time interval.

Abstract: An apparatus to facilitate wireless communication where one side of the link is designed for ultra-low power consumption. The apparatus comprises two types of transceivers: a full function transceiver (called the “Controller”) and a reduced function transceiver (called the “Terminal”), which are normally connected in a “star” network configuration (i.e. several Terminals communicating with one Controller). The Controller communicates with Terminals directly using chirp signals which contain the modulated data to be transmitted. The Terminal communicates with the Controller by re-transmitting “carrier” chirp signals which have been sent to it by the Controller. In this way the Terminal does not generate any of its own RF signals, thereby reducing its power consumption. The Terminals may not communicate directly with each other, only indirectly through the Controller.

Abstract: An assembly of simultaneously transmitted electrically generated signals, which contains a subset of binary spreading-code sequences that are members of a large set of binary spreading-code sequences available to a particular node of a multi-node communication network. All sequences in the set of spreading-code sequences available to the particular node of the network can be generated by the same configurations of two linear feedback binary shift registers, where feedback taps of the two linear-feedback binary shift registers correspond to primitive polynomials of the same degree over GF(2), the field of two elements.

Abstract: there is provided a spreading apparatus using a child orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF) code pair, including: a channel condition information receiving unit for receiving channel condition information including a channel condition metric; a switch controlling unit for receiving the channel condition information from the channel condition information receiving unit and transferring data stream according to the received channel station information; a first spreading unit for receiving the data stream from the switching controlling unit, and spreading the data stream using a single OVSF code; and a second spreading unit for receiving the data stream from the switching controlling unit, and spreading the data stream using a child OVSF code pair.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention relates to a method for sending a signal formed by successive vectors each comprising N symbols to be sent, and implementing at least two transmitter antennas. A distinct sub-matrix is associated with each of said antennas, said sub-matrices being obtained by subdivision of a unitary square matrix, and each of said antennas sends sub-vectors, obtained by subdivision of said vectors, respectively multiplied by said sub-matrices so as to form, as seen from a receiver, a single combined signal representing the multiplication of said vectors by said unitary matrix.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting/receiving broadcasting-communication data is provided.

Abstract: Method for receiving, demodulating and processing a Global Positioning System (GPS), a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) modulated signal into a GPS, a CDMA and an OFDM processed baseband signal and providing processed signals to an interface unit of a mobile device. Further processing said received CDMA signal into a second OFDM processed signal and connecting said second OFDM processed signal to a modulator and transmitter for modulation and transmission. Processing an OFDM processed signal into a second CDMA processed signal, connecting and transmitting the second CDMA processed signal. Storing a received camera generated CDMA signal and processing it into a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) processed signal. Processing a touch screen generated signal into a touch screen generated control signal for control of a mobile device.

Abstract: A system and method for remote activation of a device includes, in one embodiment, transmitting a command message according to a first modulation, and transmitting a signal representing the command message for the device according to a second modulation. The signal representing the command message transmitted according to the second modulation may be transmitted within the command message transmitted according to the first modulation.

Abstract: ej(2n?/N) calculating section 101 generates a bth chip C(a,b) of an ath spreading code based on C(a,b)=ej(2n?/N) where e is a base of natural logarithm and N is a length of the spreading code (i.e. spreading code length). It is assumed in the above equation that n=a×b, a=0˜N?1, and b=0˜N?1. It is thereby possible to generate orthogonal spreading codes with arbitrary lengths.

Abstract: Techniques for efficiently designing random hopping patterns in a communications system are disclosed. The disclosed embodiments provide for methods and systems for generating random hopping patterns, updating the patterns frequently, generating different patterns for different cells/sectors, and generating patterns of nearby sub-carriers for block hopping.

Abstract: A unified open loop single-user/multiple-user multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system and method are disclosed. The system and method operate without use of channel state information feedback. Instead, the method utilizes channel quality indicator feedback to schedule users to spatial resource blocks. Both symmetric multi-user MIMO schemes (like 2×2 and 4×4) and asymmetric multi-user MIMO schemes are considered. CQI feedback and reduction proposals are also introduced. The method may be used in a proposed network topology.

Abstract: Alternative direct sequence spread spectrum symbol to chip mappings and methods for generating the same for use in a direct sequence spread spectrum wireless protocol and embedded in a transceiver chip used by wireless subsystems are provided. The present invention discloses alternative symbol to chip mappings that are orthogonal or nearly orthogonal to the N/2 unused chip sequences defined by a standard transmission protocol. The present invention is advantageous because it provides for an increased number of users and better reliability for wireless subsystems operating in increasingly overcrowded frequency bands. Other advantages of the present invention include a reduction in the negative effects of clear channel assessment including delayed or cancelled signal transmission and interference for wireless subsystems that transmit time-sensitive data.

Abstract: Receiver architectures and associated methods are disclosed that provide initial analog coarse tuning of desired channels within a received signal spectrum, such as a set-top box signal spectrum for satellite communications. These architectures provide significant advantages over prior direct down-conversion (DDC) architectures and low intermediate-frequency (IF) architectures, particularly where two tuners are desired on the same integrated circuit. Rather than using a low-IF frequency or directly converting the desired channel frequency to DC, initial coarse tuning provided by analog coarse tuning circuitry allows for a conversion to a frequency range around DC. This coarse tuning circuitry can be implemented, for example, using a large-step local oscillator (LO) that provides a coarse tune analog mixing signal.

Abstract: A wireless communication device for receiving a frame corresponding to a transmission time interval, the frame having a control channel including at least two control channel elements and an embedded bit sequence, the location of which indicates a portion of the control channel used for radio resource assignment, wherein the portion of the control channel used for radio resource assignment may be less than the entire control channel of the frame having the embedded bit sequence, and wherein the at least two frames may use different portions of the control channel for radio resource assignment.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating a composite signal includes electronics configured to modulate a carrier utilizing a finite set of composite signal phases to generate a composite signal, the finite set of composite signal phases being determined through an optimization process that minimizes a constant envelope for the phase modulated carrier, subject to constraints on desired signal power levels of the signals to be combined and either zero or one or more relative phase relationships between the signals. The apparatus and method can be extended to generating an optimized composite signal of different frequencies.

Abstract: Provided is a position information providing system which can reduce a time required for acquiring position information. An indoor transmitter is adapted to provide position information by using a second positioning signal compatible with a first positioning signal which is a spread spectrum signal from each of a plurality of satellites. The indoor transmitter includes an EEPROM which stores therein position data for identifying an installation location thereof, an FPGA operable to generate a second positioning signal including the position data as a spread spectrum signal, and a transmitting section operable to transmit the spread spectrum signal. The second positioning signal is generated to repeat the same content in a cycle shorter than that of the first positioning signal.

Abstract: A system and method for generating a clock signal having spread spectrum modulation. The method involves generating a clock signal by generating edge positions for edges of the clock signal from a digital representation of a timing for each edge to impart spread spectrum modulation to the clock signal. A programmable modulator is provided that generates digital values representing edge positions for edges of a clock signal based on at least one of a time-varying period value and a time-varying duty-cycle value. The programmable modulator may comprise a first circuit, called a period modulation circuit, that generates a time-varying digital period value, and a second circuit, called a duty-cycle modulation circuit, that generates a time-varying digital duty-cycle value. The time-varying period values and time-varying duty cycle values are processed to produce a digital edge position value that specifies an edge position for a clock signal.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for a delta quantizer for MIMO pre-coders with finite rate channel state information feedback may include quantizing a change in channel state information in a MIMO pre-coding system onto a codebook, which comprises one or more unitary matrices, using a cost function. The codebook may be generated based on at least the channel state information. The channel state information may comprise a matrix V and the cost function f(A) may be defined by the following relationship: f ? ( A ) = ( 1 N ? ? j = 1 N ? ? a jj ? 2 ) where A is a matrix of size N by N and aij is element (i,j) of matrix A. One or more unitary matrices may be generated from at least a first set of matrices and a second set of matrices, where the first set of matrices may comprise one or more Givens matrices. A dynamic range and a resolution of the codebook may be modified.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for selecting an effective channel in a multi-user MIMO system are provided, in which a receiver receives pilot signals from a transmitter, determines channel information indicating an antenna offering the best quality among a plurality of antennas using the pilot signals, and generates feedback information with the channel information, and the transmitter receives feedback information from a plurality of receivers, generates a channel matrix using the feedback information, and transmits data simultaneously to the plurality of receivers using the channel matrix.

Abstract: In a data communication system, a transmitter of an ADSL modem uses a PRBS generator to generate a plurality of ADSL signals. The transmitter computes the Peak to Average (e.g., root-mean-square) (“PAR”) ratio of each of the ADSL signals generated. The ADSL signal having the lowest PAR is determined, and the corresponding state of the PRBS generator is noted. The signal having the lowest PAR, or at least the corresponding state of the PRBS generator, is then used to generate a Q-mode signal.

Abstract: A method of reducing the peak-to-mean ratio of a multi-carrier signal includes the steps of: generating a residual signal from the multicarrier signal, the residual signal representing the difference between the multicarrier signal and a hard-clipped multicarrier signal. The method also includes the steps of applying a least squares function to the residual signal for each carrier of the multi-carrier signal, thereby generating a minimized residual signal for each carrier and combining the minimized residual signals and the multicarrier signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sending method for multiple users requiring to transmit digital data over a frequency-selective channel with a plurality of send antennas and a plurality of receive antennas, characterized in that it applies to coded and interleaved data (d[n]): demultiplexing (105) into K channels, where K is strictly greater than the number T of send antennas, and modulation (107) of the demultiplexed data; internal linear coding (108) defined by an N×K generator matrix (W,Wn) where N is strictly greater than T, this internal coding being applied to the K-dimensional vectors of the modulated data. The invention also relates to a sending system for implementing said method.

Abstract: A wireless terminal is operable to receive a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) signal from a base station and includes clock circuitry, a wireless interface, and a Primary Synchronization (PSYNC) module. The clock circuitry generates a wireless terminal clock using a wireless terminal oscillator. The wireless interface receives the WCDMA signal, which is produced by the base station using a base station clock that is produced using a base station oscillator that is more accurate than the wireless terminal oscillator. The PSYNC module includes a plurality of PSYNC correlation branches. Each PSYNC correlation branch phase rotates the WCDMA signal based upon a respective frequency offset, correlates the phase rotated WCDMA signal with a Primary Synchronization Channel (PSCH) code over a plurality of sampling positions, and produces PSYNC correlation energies based upon the correlations for each of the plurality of sampling positions.

Abstract: A pulse modulation type transmitter apparatus and a pulse modulation type receiver apparatus wherein both a fast synchronization establishment and a low power consumption of a synchronizing part can be achieved at the same time and wherein the data transmission/reception can be performed soon after a commencement of communication, and further a fast data transmission and a low power consumption can be achieved. A first template signal (1006), which is generated based on a separately transmitted RF frame synchronization signal (1005), is used to generate a frame synchronization signal (1009), and a second frame synchronization timing adjusting part (150) is used to synchronize the frame synchronization signal (1009) with a received RF data signal (1004). Then, a synchronization detection is performed, whereby a prompt pulse acquisition and a prompt pulse phase acquisition can be achieved.

Abstract: A system (10) for communicating a direct sequence spread spectrum signal, a related transmitter (12), a related receiver (14), and methods associated therewith are provided in various embodiments. A data rate vector, a processing gain vector, a frequency separation vector, and a bit energy vector may be associated with transmitting and/or receiving a direct sequence spread spectrum signal. Each vector has a value associated with each of a plurality of channels associated with subcarriers in the direct sequence spread spectrum signal. A value for at least one of the data rate vector, processing gain vector, frequency separation vector, and bit energy vector for at least one channel is different from another value for the corresponding data rate vector, processing gain vector, frequency separation vector, or bit energy vector for another channel.

Abstract: A transmitter arrangement includes a first and a second phase-locked loop, each having a power amplifier. The first phase-locked loop generates a first amplified oscillator signal depending on a first input signal representing a first phase information, wherein a first feedback signal for the first phase-locked loop is derived from the first amplified oscillator signal. Accordingly, the second phase-locked loop generates a second amplified oscillator signal depending on a second input signal representing a second phase information. A second feedback signal for the second phase-locked loop is derived from the second amplified oscillator signal. The transmitter arrangement further includes a summation element to combine the amplified first oscillator signal and the amplified second oscillator signal to an output signal.

Abstract: The frequency spectrum of a transmitter system is spreaded in the transmitter (1) through the codification of information bits by means of sequence pairs of Golay complementary sequences. The spectrum is received in the receiver (2) and is subject to a filter, which is adapted to the features of such sequences enabling the detection of digital levels corresponding to the original transmitted information. If pairs of orthogonal sequences, A amplitudes for modulating data, and N-PSK modulation are used, it is possible to get a transmission speed (C) equal to: Where B is to the null-to-null spread bandwidth used in Hertz. It allows an improvement in quality as compared to other digital-communication systems, which use spread spectrum techniques and CDMA, obtaining a process gain independent of the transmission speed.

Abstract: Closed loop multiple-antenna wireless communications system with antenna weights determined by maximizing a composite channel signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio minimum. Multiplexed symbol streams over subsets of antennas enhance throughout.

Abstract: An ultra-wideband (UWB) dual impulse transmitter is made up of a trigger edge selection circuit actuated by a single trigger input pulse; a first step recovery diode (SRD) based pulser connected to the trigger edge selection circuit to generate a first impulse output; and a second step recovery diode (SRD) based pulser connected to the trigger edge selection circuit in parallel to the first pulser to generate a second impulse output having a selected delay from the first impulse output.

Abstract: A frequency-division multiplexing transmission apparatus for transmitting data in a frequency spectrum specific to both symbol and mobile station, is disclosed. The apparatus encodes transmission data, modulates the encoded data, compresses the time domains of each symbol of the modulated transmission-symbol sequence, repeats the symbols a specified number of times, rearranges each of the symbols of the obtained repetitive-symbol sequence so that they have the same arrangement as the transmission-symbol sequence, generates each phase that changes at a speed specific to each symbol of the transmission-symbol sequence, performs phase rotation specific to the symbols for each symbol of the rearranged repetitive-symbol sequence, generates phase that changes at a speed specific to a mobile station, performs phase rotation specific to the mobile station for the symbol sequence for which the phase rotation was performed, and transmits the phase-rotated symbol sequence.

Abstract: A base station for controlling transmission power during the establishment of a communication channel utilizes the reception of a short code during initial power ramp-up. The short code is a sequence for detection by the base station which has a much shorter period than a conventional access code. The ramp-up starts from a power level that is lower than the required power level for detection by the base station. The power of the short code is quickly increased until the signal is detected by the base station. Once the base station detects the short code, it transmits an indication that the short code has been detected.

Abstract: The Energy spectral density of OFDM signals inherently rolls off slowly. Slow OFDM spectral rolloff has system level implications traditionally mitigated by some combination of the following: addition of bandlimiting filtering; use of significant guard bands of zeroed tones; and, guard time shaping. Each of these techniques negatively impact system performance and/or flexibility. This application presents a methodology for active cancellation of out of band spectral energy. The technique can be used by itself or in conjunction with above traditional methods to help control out of band emission. Examples of the use of the new technique are provided. Computational cost of the new technique is also discussed.

Abstract: A pulse generator circuit is provided. The pulse generator circuit has an input adapted to receive an input electrical quantity and an output at which an output electrical quantity is made available. A transfer characteristic establishes a relationship between said input and said output electrical quantities. The pulse generator circuit is adapted to provide said output electrical quantity in the form of pulses having a predetermined shape, suitable to be used for UWB transmission. The transfer characteristic has substantially a same shape as that of said pulses. Moreover, a UWB modulating system exploiting the novel pulse generator is proposed.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus (a) generates a transmission symbol; (b) assigns, to the transmission symbol, a given number of units each formed of a symbol and a subcarrier in a frame which is formed of M (M is a positive integer) symbols and N (N is a positive integer) subcarriers and includes M×N units, and the given number being not more than M×N, to obtain the given number of identical transmission symbols; (c) multiplies the identical transmission symbols by a code sequence including a plurality of different elements; and (d) transmits the identical transmission symbols multiplied by the code sequence.

Abstract: A spread spectrum cellular network (FIG. 1) mobile unit transmitter (30) that enables communication via protocols having different bandwidth (372) and baseband signal generation (260), the transmitter including a phase locked loop and an amplitude control loop.