Abstract: Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate mitigating effect of non-linear distortion from a power amplifier on a spectral mask margin. Power limit indications can be analyzed in scheduling mobile devices. Mobile devices with power limits can be scheduled on inner subbands. Other mobile devices can employ remaining portions of an allocated spectrum. Further, mobile devices can evaluate and establish a power amplifier backoff based upon the subband scheduling.

Abstract: Providing quality of service (QoS) for applications such as Voice over IP (VoIP) and enforcing service level agreements (SLA) are major requirement in any current and future communication networks. On the other hand, more communication networks are employing adaptive transmission mechanisms, such as DVB-S2 ACM in satellite communication networks. In non-adaptive networks, QoS enforcers use static bit rate configurations. However, using a static bit rate configuration in an adaptive network may result in underflow situations, during which it may not be possible to utilize the full capacity of the transmission channel and expensive resources may therefore be wasted, In addition, using a static bit rate configuration in an adaptive network may result in overflow situations, during which it may be necessary to drop user traffic packets and therefore quality of service may not be maintained. It is therefore imperative that QoS enforcers have knowledge of the network's available bit rate at all times.

Abstract: Access nodes and methods adjust a bit rate of a data stream in a communication network. The access nodes and methods have a packet inspection unit configured to inspect one or more of the data packets to determine that the data stream includes video data. A congestion unit is coupled to the packet inspection unit and is configured to determine a level of congestion in the communication network, the level of congestion associated with a capacity of the wireless channel, the level of congestion capable of varying over time, and the capacity of the wireless channel capable of varying with the level of congestion. A video scaling unit is configured to adjust the bit rate of the data stream responsive to the packet inspection unit and the congestion unit.

Abstract: A quantization control apparatus provided in a video encoding apparatus which utilizes intra slices. The quantization control apparatus includes a similarity computation device that computes similarity between an intra slice region of an encoding target picture and an intra slice region of each of previously-encoded pictures, where the similarity is an index determined such that the closer the images of the two different intra slices, the higher the similarity; a picture selection device that selects a picture having the highest similarity from among the previously-encoded pictures, based on the similarity computed by the similarity computation device; and a quantization step determination device that determines a quantization step used for encoding the encoding target picture, based on encoding information for the picture selected by the picture selection device.

Abstract: Multi-mode error concealment, recovery and resilience coding. Adaptation of a number of coding units (CUs) employed in accordance with video coding may be made as a function of error. As a number of errors increases, the respective number of CUs may correspondingly increase (e.g., which may be made in accompaniment with a reduction of CU size). As a number of errors decreases, the respective number of CUs may correspondingly decrease (e.g., which may be made in accompaniment with an increase of CU size). Such errors may be associated with a type of source providing a video signal, a type of error resilience coding employed, communication link and/or channel conditions, a remote error characteristic (e.g., such as associated with a source device and/or destination device), a local error characteristic (e.g., such as associated with operations and/or processing within a given device), and/or any other type of consideration.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including a system for transforming sparse elements into a dense matrix. The system includes a data fetch unit that includes a plurality of processors, the data fetch unit configured to determine, based on identifications of the subset of the particular sparse elements, a processor designation for fetching the subset of the particular sparse elements. The system includes a concatenation unit configured to generate an output dense matrix based on a transformation that is applied to the sparse elements fetched by the data fetch unit.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method includes receiving an encoded video frame, decompressing the received encoded video frame, extracting a first quantization parameter (QP) from the decompressed video frame, and acquiring a delta QP based on the first QP. The method also includes acquiring a second QP based on the delta QP and the first QP, compressing the decompressed video frame based on the second QP, and providing the compressed video frame. The first QP corresponds to quantization settings originally used for compressing the encoded video frame. And the second QP corresponds to quantization settings for compressing the decompressed video frame.

Abstract: A video encoding method and apparatus to select one combination, for each block of an input video signal, from a plurality of combinations. Each combination includes a predictive parameter and at least one reference picture number determined in advance for the reference picture. A prediction picture signal is generated in accordance with the reference picture number and predictive parameter of the selected combination. A predictive error signal is generated representing an error between the input video signal and the prediction picture signal. Encoding the predictive error signal, information of the motion vector, and index information indicating the selected combination is included.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including a system for transforming sparse elements into a dense matrix. The system includes a data fetch unit that includes a plurality of processors, the data fetch unit configured to determine, based on identifications of the subset of the particular sparse elements, a processor designation for fetching the subset of the particular sparse elements. The system includes a concatenation unit configured to generate an output dense matrix based on a transformation that is applied to the sparse elements fetched by the data fetch unit.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, a native resolution analyzer generates a log-magnitude spectrum that elucidates sampling operations that have been performed on a scene. In operation, the native resolution analyzer performs a transform operation of a color component associated with a frame included in the scene to generate a frame spectrum. The native resolution analyzer then normalizes the magnitudes associated with the frame spectrum and logarithmically scales the normalized magnitudes to create a log-magnitude frame spectrum. This two dimensional log-magnitude frame spectrum serves as a frequency signature for the frame. More specifically, patterns in the log-magnitude spectrum reflect re-sampling operations, such as a down-sampling and subsequent up-sampling, that may have been performed on the frame.

Abstract: A method comprising: encoding pictures into a bitstream, the bitstream comprising at least two scalability layers, pictures being associated with access units and pictures being associated individually with one of the at least two scalability layers; indicating in the bitstream inter-layer prediction dependencies, indicative of direct reference layers, if any, of a first scalability layer and indirect reference layers, if any, of the first scalability layer; selecting an earlier picture in decoding order as a basis for deriving picture order count (POC) related variables for a current picture based on a pre-defined algorithm, the current picture being associated with a current scalability layer, wherein the earlier picture is the closest preceding picture, in decoding order, to the current picture among a set of pictures that are associated with the current scalability layer or any direct or indirect reference layer of the current scalability layer.

Abstract: Provided is a computer-implemented method for processing one or more video frames. The meth can include generating, by a processor, a change in value of one or more pixels obtained from the one or more video frames; classifying, by the processor, the change in value of the one or more pixels to produce one or more classes of the change in value of the one or more pixels, wherein the one or more classes include one or more of a stationary target, a moving target, a target insertion, a target removal, or a local change; and constructing, by the processor, a listing of detected targets based on the one or more classes.

Abstract: Innovations are provided for encoding and/or decoding video and/or image content using transform coefficient level gradual updating. Transform coefficient level gradual updating can be applied by encoding (or decoding) different subsets of the transform coefficients for the blocks, macroblocks, or other coding unit for each of a sequence of pictures. For example, a first subset of the transform coefficients of the blocks of a first picture can be encoded with the first picture, a second subset of the transform coefficients of the blocks of a second picture can be encoded with the second picture, and so on. A decoder can reconstruct pictures with increasing quality by receiving additional subsets of the transform coefficients.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system, apparatus, computer programs and methods for indicating proper temporal layer switching points for temporal scalable coding. Various embodiments provide an apparatus and method for properly indicating temporal layer switching points in a scalable video bit stream or in a scalable video file container. Using these indications, a decoder can determine where to perform temporal layer switching, after which all of the pictures at and below the desired temporal layer can be correctly decoded.

Abstract: When packing a video frame of a higher-resolution chroma sampling format such as YUV 4:4:4 into frames of a lower-resolution chroma sampling format such as YUV 4:2:0, a computing device performs wavelet decomposition (or other band separation filtering) on sample values of chroma components of the higher-resolution frame, producing sample values of multiple bands. The device assigns the sample values of the bands to parts of the lower-resolution frames. During corresponding unpacking operations, a computing device assigns parts of the frames of the lower-resolution chroma sampling format to sample values of multiple bands. The device performs wavelet reconstruction (or other inverse band separation filtering) on the sample values of the bands, producing sample values of chroma components of the frame of the higher-resolution chroma sampling format.

Abstract: A method of controlling a photographing apparatus including a main processor and an image processor is provided. The method includes transmitting, by the image processor to the main processor, transmission data that includes preview image data of an image photographed through a photographing module and, if image data that is parallel-processed with the preview image data exists, the image data; extracting, by the main processor, the preview image data from the transmission data; displaying the extracted preview image data on a display portion of the photographing apparatus; and if the image data is included in the transmission data, storing, by the main processor, the image data in a memory.

Abstract: Data compression is performed on an original image frame of a display buffer area of the mobile terminal by using a wavelet transform compression algorithm, and after the compressed data is transmitted to the smart television and an inverse wavelet transform decompression processing is performed thereon, the original image frame is restored for display, so as to achieve the content display between the screens of the mobile terminal and the smart television. Existing hardware is used to compress and decompress data, which does not occupy operation resources of the mobile terminal and the smart television, and improves the system performance and accelerates the data compression speed. Also, the adopted wavelet transform compression algorithm can effectively improve the data compression ratio, reduce the data transmission amount in the transmission process, and reduce the hardware overhead.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising: (a) receiving a layer 0 bitstream, the layer 0 bitstream including coding information for the layer 0 bitstream; (b) receiving a layer 1 bitstream, the layer 1 bitstream including coding information for the layer 1 bitstream; and (c) reconstructing the layer 0 bitstream using previously received information for another layer 0 bitstream and previously received information for another layer 1 bitstream.

Abstract: Blocks of a frame of a video stream can be encoded using intra prediction followed by transforming the generated residual blocks. In some cases, coding efficiency can be improved by subdividing large blocks into smaller sub-blocks. Transform modes may be associated with at least one intra prediction mode so as to identify one or more transform modes for the block or its sub-blocks. A scan mode can be identified based on the transform mode. Desirably, each of a plurality of probability models is associated with a transform mode and a block size such that the appropriate model(s) may be selected for a block or its sub-blocks. Each probability model may be associated with only one transform mode and only one block size or may be associated with more than one transform mode and/or more than one block size and may be updated on-the-fly during encoding of a video stream.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for allocating bits of an audio signal. The method includes dividing a frequency band of an audio signal into multiple sub-bands, and quantizing a sub-band normalization factor of each sub-band; classifying the multiple sub-bands into multiple groups, and acquiring a sum of intra-group sub-band normalization factors of each group; performing initial inter-group bit allocation to determine the initial number of bits of each group; performing secondary inter-group bit allocation to allocate coding bits of the audio signal to at least one group; and allocating the bits of the audio signal to sub-bands in the group. The present invention can, by means of grouping, ensure relatively stable allocation in a previous frame and a next frame and reduce an impact of global allocation on local discontinuity in a case of low and medium bit rates.

Abstract: A system and method for processing an image is provided. The system includes an encoder configured to subdivide the image into N subregions. The value of N is computed based upon a spatial resolution of the image, a granularity value and a level of wavelet decomposition. The encoder is configured to perform wavelet decomposition on each of the N subregions. The system includes memory circuitry configured to store image data resulting from the decomposition for later transmission.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for MIMO OFDM transmitter and receivers having odd and/even numbers of transmit antennas. Various methods for pre-coding information bits before space time coding (STC) are described for enabling transmission of information bits over all antennas. Methods of decoding received signals that have been pre-coded and STC coded are also provided by embodiments of the invention. Pilot patterns for downlink and uplink transmission between a base station and one or more wireless terminals for three transmit antenna transmitters are also provided. Variable rate codes are provided that combine various fixed rate codes in a manner that results in codes whose rates are dependent on all the various fixed rate codes that are combined.

Abstract: In described embodiments, Linear Phase, Finite Impulse Response, filters incorporate a power complementarity property into a perfect reconstruction filter bank. Non-linear constraints for type A and type B filters are included in the Sequential Quadratic Programming design of the filters. An initial Quadrature Mirror Filter includes perfect reconstruction constraints, which might be optimized through iterative design techniques. Embodiments might be employed in noise reduction applications related to, for example, signal processing of images.

Abstract: A reversible information hiding apparatus, comprises: an image compressing unit that encodes an original image file to output a compressed image file by applying a preset compression format; an information hiding processing unit that divides a bit stream of the compressed image file into a plurality of bit blocks each having a preset length, allocates, to the plurality of the bit blocks, a plurality of hiding information bits obtained from dividing preset hiding information data into preset length units, and converts bit values of the bit blocks based on values of the allocated hiding information bits; and an information-hidden image providing unit that provides a reversible information extracting apparatus with the information-hidden image file comprising the bit blocks, of which the bit values have been converted.

Abstract: In one example, an apparatus for processing video data comprises a video coder configured to, for each of the one or more chrominance components, calculate a chrominance quantization parameter for a common edge between two blocks of video data based on a first luminance quantization parameter for the first block of video data, a second luminance quantization parameter for the second block of video data, and a chrominance quantization parameter offset value for the chrominance component. The video coder is further configured to determine a strength for a deblocking filter for the common edge based on the chrominance quantization parameter for the chrominance component, and apply the deblocking filter according to the determined strength to deblock the common edge.

Abstract: Techniques to provide an enhanced video replay are described. A processor component controls a video interface module, a replay clip editing module, a replay clip selection module, and a broadcast feed module. The video interface module may receive a first and a second video stream of an event in a first and a second video resolution. The replay clip editing module may determine a time period within the second video stream that contains a scene of interest and create multiple video clips in the first video resolution. The multiple video clips each represent of a portion of the field of view of the second video stream. The broadcast feed module may interrupt a broadcast feed of the first video stream and insert the selected one of the multiple video clips into the broadcast feed. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A first request and a second request are received from a first client terminal and a second client terminal respectively. In response to the first request and second request, a first set of predictions is generated by predicting macroblocks of frames of a video stream. In response to the first request, a first set of quantized transform coefficients is generated by transforming the first set of predictions, and a first coded video stream is generated by coding the first set of quantized transform coefficients. In response to the second request, a second set of quantized transform coefficients is generated by transforming the first set of predictions, and a second coded video stream is generated by coding the second set of quantized transform coefficients. Finally, the first coded video stream is transmitted to the first client terminal, and the second coded video stream is transmitted to the second client terminal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to a system and method for file compression. More specifically, the disclosure introduces to a method for file compression wherein a group of files is identified by comparing a plurality of similarity characteristics. The group of files may then be compressed relative to at least one base file to improve compression efficiency.

Abstract: An improved loss recovery method for coding streaming media classifies each data unit in the media stream as an independent data unit (I unit), a remotely predicted unit (R unit) or a predicted data unit (P unit). Each of these units is organized into independent segments having an I unit, multiple P units and R units interspersed among the P units. The beginning of each segment is the start of a random access point, while each R unit provides a loss recovery point that can be placed independently of the I unit. This approach separates the random access point from the loss recovery points provided by the R units, and makes the stream more impervious to data losses without substantially impacting coding efficiency. The most important data units are transmitted with the most reliability to ensure that the majority of the data received by the client is usable. The I units are the least sensitive to transmission losses because they are coded using only their own data.

Abstract: A sub-band splitter unit for splitting a broadband input signal in K narrowband sub-band signals, wherein K is an integer larger than 1, which sub-band splitter unit is provided with an input terminal for receiving the broadband input signal and K?1 sub-band filter circuits, each of the sub-band filter circuits is provided with an input and a first and a second output, a first filter arrangement coupled between the input and the first output, a second filter arrangement coupled between the input and the second output, and the sub-band splitter unit is provided with K output terminals for supplying the K sub-band signals. The first output of a k-th sub-band filter circuit is coupled to an input (103.k+1) of the (k+1)-th sub-band filter circuit. The input of the first sub-band filter circuit is coupled to the input of the sub-band splitter unit.

Abstract: Video streaming applications are a major contributor to the recent dramatic rise of data traffic in cellular networks. Mobile users in a cellular network often experience fluctuating data rates, which might affect the quality of video they view in a streaming service. Although replacing such video streaming services with video downloading/renting services could potentially allow such mobile users to enjoy consistently higher quality videos, such services typically cost a lot more than video streaming services because of legal copyright pricing and management issues. By downloading enhancement layers but streaming base layers of the content, mobile users can enjoy download-quality videos with a service (legally) classified as a streaming service.

Abstract: Multi-mode error concealment, recovery and resilience coding. Adaptation of a number of coding units (CUs) employed in accordance with video coding may be made as a function of error. As a number of errors increases, the respective number of CUs may correspondingly increase (e.g., which may be made in accompaniment with a reduction of CU size). As a number of errors decreases, the respective number of CUs may correspondingly decrease (e.g., which may be made in accompaniment with an increase of CU size). Such errors may be associated with a type of source providing a video signal, a type of error resilience coding employed, communication link and/or channel conditions, a remote error characteristic (e.g., such as associated with a source device and/or destination device), a local error characteristic (e.g., such as associated with operations and/or processing within a given device), and/or any other type of consideration.

Abstract: A motion vector encoding apparatus includes: an optimum motion vector determiner for determining optimum motion vectors for multiple reference pictures with respect to a current motion vector of a current block; a motion vector encoding mode determiner for determining a motion vector encoding mode according to whether a motion vector decoding apparatus can predict the optimum motion vectors for the multiple reference pictures; and a motion vector encoder for generating and encoding motion information on the multiple reference pictures by using the optimum motion vectors for the multiple reference pictures or preset default motion vectors for the multiple reference pictures according to the motion vector encoding mode, and generating motion vector encoded data by encoding the motion vector encoding mode. The motion vector encoding apparatus can more accurately predict a predicted motion vector of the current motion vector for multiple reference pictures, so as to improve the compression efficiency.

Abstract: For a media-editing application, some embodiments provide a method for creating a media presentation that combines several media clips. During an editing process to define a particular media project, the method receives a first set of edits to the particular media project while the media-editing application is in a first resolution mode that uses content stored at a first resolution to generate the particular media project. The method receives a selection of a user interface tool to modify the resolution mode. The method switches to a second resolution mode that uses content stored at a second resolution to generate the particular media project without interrupting the editing process. After switching to the second resolution mode, the method receives a second set of edits to the same particular media project during the same editing process to define the particular media project.

Abstract: The invention relates to a digital video camera comprising an image sensor that generates an image data raw stream, and comprising a memory for storing image data generated in response to the image data raw stream, and comprising a data output unit. In this case, it is provided that the data output unit is designed for outputting image data generated in response to the image data raw stream to the memory and for simultaneously outputting image data and for simultaneously outputting image data from the stored data from the camera to users.

Abstract: A system and method for transmitting a plurality of video signals scalably coded into layers including a base layer and one or more enhancement layers and associated audio signals, if any, over a communication network for presentation to one or more end users. A layout to display the plurality of video signals is determined based on a set of criteria and only the data of the video signal layers that are necessary for displaying the video signals in the determined layout, and any associated audio signals, is selectively transmitted over the communication network.

Abstract: Sub-band video coding architecture for packet based transmission. Video processing includes converting of a frame or picture of a video signal into a number of respective sub-bands or sub-frames (e.g., such that each respective one is a respective subsampled version of an original frame or picture) and subsequent assembly thereof into a reconstructed frame or picture. The reconstructed frame or picture then undergoes video encoding to generate an output bitstream that may subsequently undergo appropriate processing (e.g., packetization, continuous time signal generation, etc.) to generate a signal for transmission via one or more communication the links. Characteristics associated with each respective sub-band or sub-frame may be similar (e.g., similar characteristics) or different (e.g., two or more sub-bands or sub-frames have different characteristics, such as different respective number of pixels, aspect ratios, etc.). Respective sub-frames may undergo video encoding and transmission.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for performing improved deblocking filtering across edges between macroblocks, with particular application to cases where one macroblock is field coded and its neighbors are frame coded. A method for filtering across horizontal edges comprises determining which macroblocks are considered to be vertically adjacent to each other. The method also determines which macroblocks are considered to be sampled at a same time. Finally, filtering is performed between vertically adjacent macroblocks that are considered to be sampled at a same time. Another method for filtering across vertical edges comprises determining which macroblocks are considered to be horizontally adjacent to each other. The method effectively re-arranges a vertical ordering of horizontal lines of at least a subset of the horizontally adjacent macroblocks. Finally, filtering is performed between the horizontally adjacent macroblocks after the re-arranging.

Abstract: Techniques to efficiently deliver interactive program guide (IPG) to a number of terminals. Each IPG page can be decomposed into a guide portion that is specific to each IPG page and a background portion that is common for all IPG pages. The background portion can be further decomposed into a time-varying video portion and other static portions. One method includes receiving a viewer selection for imagery, where the imagery includes at least one intracoded slice and at least one predictively coded slice, and each of the intracoded and predictively codes slices are associated with respective bitstreams. Packets from the at least one bitstream corresponding to the at least one intracoded slice of the selected imagery are extracted, and packets from the at least one bitstream corresponding to the at least one predictively coded slice of the selected imagery are also extracted. The payload portions of the extracted packets are then arranged to form the selected imagery.

Abstract: There is provided an image coding apparatus for outputting an image stream in which random access and easy editing are possible without reducing encoding efficiency. The image coding apparatus sets, in the image stream, a picture in which the random access is possible based on camera control data or correlation between the images.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for joint spatio-temporal prediction (JSTP) during video coding. A given block of pixels is simultaneously predicted via inter frame prediction and intra frame prediction. The joint spatio-temporal prediction provides a new JSTP coding mode besides inter and intra modes in coding schemata such as the H.264/AVC video coding standard. In one implementation, subband decomposition obtains a high-pass component of inter frame prediction of a block and a low-pass component of intra frame prediction of the same block. The high-pass component of the inter prediction and the low-pass component of the intra prediction are combined to produce the joint spatio-temporal prediction. In one implementation, a difference between the original block and the JSTP prediction is coded in a bitstream to represent the block.

Abstract: Disclosed are an encoding device and a decoding device which suppress the occurrence of pre-echo artifacts and post-echo artifacts caused by a high layer having a low temporal resolution, and which implement high subjective quality encoding and decoding. An encoding device (100) carries out scalable coding comprising a low layer, and a high layer having a lower temporal resolution than that of the low layer. A start point detection unit (or end point detection unit) (150) determines the start point (or end point) of sections of the decoded low layer signal which have audio, and when the start point (or end point) is determined, a second layer encoding unit (160) selects a bandwidth to be excluded from encoding on the basis of the spectral energy from the decoded first layer signal, excludes the selected bandwidth, and encodes an error signal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention comprise systems and methods for predicting high dynamic range (HDR) image blocks with block-specific prediction data, where the systems and methods may comprise low dynamic range (LDR) image data and HDR image data for a target image block, where a scaled, offset LDR image block may be combined with HDR residual image block to form an HDR image block corresponding to the target image block.

Abstract: Video streams are generated using a combination of Multiple Bit Rate (MBR) encoding and Scalable Video Coding (SVC). Capabilities and requests of the clients are used in determining the video streams to generate as well as what video streams to deliver to the clients. The clients are placed into groups based on a resolution capability of the client. For each resolution grouping, MBR is used for generating spatial streams and SVC is used for generating temporal and quality streams.

Abstract: Disclosed is an encoding device which can accurately specify a band having a large error among all the bands by using a small calculation amount. A first position identifier uses a first layer error conversion coefficient indicating an error of a decoding signal for an input signal so as to search for a band having a large error in a relatively wide bandwidth in all the bands of the input signal and generates first position information indicating the identified band. A second position identifier searches for a target frequency band having a large error in a relatively narrow bandwidth in the band identified by the first position identifier and generates second position information indicating the identified target frequency band. An encoder encodes a first layer decoding error conversion coefficient contained in the target frequency band.

Abstract: Disclosed is an encoding device which can accurately specify a band having a large error among all the bands by using a small calculation amount. A first position identifier uses a first layer error conversion coefficient indicating an error of a decoding signal for an input signal so as to search for a band having a large error in a relatively wide bandwidth in all the bands of the input signal and generates first position information indicating the identified band. A second position identifier searches for a target frequency band having a large error in a relatively narrow bandwidth in the band identified by the first position identifier and generates second position information indicating the identified target frequency band. An encoder encodes a first layer decoding error conversion coefficient contained in the target frequency band.

Abstract: In general, techniques of this disclosure are related to determining a prediction characteristic associated with a coding unit of video data, wherein determining the prediction characteristic includes determining a prediction type that defines a number of prediction units associated with the coding unit. Techniques of this disclosure may also be related to generating a set of available intra-prediction modes for the coding unit based on the prediction characteristic, selecting an intra-prediction mode from the available intra-prediction modes, and applying one of the available intra-prediction modes to code the coding unit.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for packing compressed image data into a format suitable for encoding. The system includes a plurality of sub-band state registers, which store compressed image data from a corresponding sub-band. A bit packer receives a stream of bits of compressed image data, and concatenates the input bits with bits stored in one of the sub-band state registers. If a length of the concatenated bits is less than a width of an output data bus, the bit packer stores the concatenated bits in the sub-band state register. If the length of the concatenated bits is greater than or equal to the width of the output data bus, the bit packer outputs the concatenated bits via the output data bus.

Abstract: The present invention provides video encoding and decoding methods using block merging, which can be applied to a high resolution video of more than HD (High Definition) resolution. A video encoding method includes partitioning a current block into a first and a second prediction unit by using asymmetric partitioning, constructing a list of common merging candidate blocks including a predetermined number of common merging candidate blocks selected from adjacent blocks of the current block, selecting at least one candidate block from among the list of common merging candidate blocks and sending information of the selected candidate block to a decoder for each of the first and the second prediction unit.

Abstract: There is provided a moving picture encoding method based on hierarchical encoding. The method includes the step of encoding a time filtering lower hierarchical signal belonging to a lower hierarchy among signals of respective hierarchies which have been subjected to time-direction filtering and then to hierarchical division and an upper hierarchy time filtering signal obtained by performing time-direction filtering on a signal corresponding to the upper hierarchy of the aforementioned lower hierarchy signal. Thus, decoded signals of all the hierarchies can have image quality equivalent to the decoded image when encoding is performed with a single hierarchy.