Abstract: A technique for compressing video images uses temporary compression of blocks during compression, integrated color rotation of compressed images, direct compression of a composite video signal, and border filters to allow blocks to be compressed independently. Temporary compression reduces storage needed in an integrated circuit. An incoming frame is compressed block-by-block and placed in temporary storage. A corresponding block of a later frame is also compressed. Both blocks are decoded back into the transform domain and the two blocks are compared in the transform domain. Color rotation on compressed color information is integrated with overall compression and is performed upon the chrominance transform pyramids after transformation of the video signal rather than performing a rotation on the raw signal itself. Color rotation is performed at any stage and uses serial multiplication (shift and add) for more efficient processing, rather than using parallel multiplication.

Abstract: A method of enchancing a video bit stream using temporal scalability, wherein the number of bits or a temporal position of a bidirectionally predicted picture in an enhncement layer is determined with reference to a corresponding characteristic of pictures in another layer of layers, such as a base layer, of the video hit stream and the peak signal to noise ration of the B picture is mathched to that of the pictures in the layer below. By endeavouring to align the characteristics of the bidirectially predicted picture or pictures with the existing picture or pictur4es in the lower layer or layers, and improved video sequence can be encoded and decoded for viewing by a user.

Abstract: A system and a method for encoding, transmitting, decoding and storing a high-resolution video sequence using a low-resolution base layer and a higher-resolution enhancement layer. The base layer contains low-resolution video information and is compressed in a manner such that it can be decoded independently of the enhancement layer. The base layer may be encoded in an existing standard video format (such as MPEG-2). The enhancement layer, which contains high-resolution information, provides a variable amount of enhancement to the base layer. The compressed video sequence is transmitted in two layers and uses a minimum amount of bit rate by using information transmitted in the base layer in the decoding of both the base layer and the enhancement layer. In an enhanced decoder, both the base layer and the enhancement layer use this information that has been transmitted in the base layer.

Abstract: Image data is decomposed into subbands and quantized by a discrete wavelet transformer (102) and coefficient quantizer (103). On the other hand, a high-resolution region information input unit (105) inputs region designation information H(x, y) that designates a region which requires a high resolution, and a mask generator (106) obtains, based on H(x, y), mask information M(S, x, y) indicating if coefficients of HL2, LH2, and HH2 are generated with reference to pixels of the high-resolution region. A coefficient correction unit (104) corrects the quantized coefficients of respective subbands with reference to M(S, x, y) if subband S is one of HL2, LH2, and HH2, and does not correct if subband S is other than HL2, LH2, and HH2.

Abstract: A method and an associated apparatus applies multi-resolution boundary encoding to region based still image and video encoding, allowing better error correction for low frequency transmission. High frequency bands that are less protected may be discarded, leaving only lower frequency representation. By using JSCC techniques, a receiver with low resolution capability or low channel bandwidth may still render a close approximation of a boundary despite error in transmission.

Abstract: The invention proposes a digital signal coding method including a step (E1) of analysing the digital signal (IM) into a plurality of frequency sub-bands, at least one first sub-band having a lower frequency and at least one second sub-band having a higher frequency, characterised in that it includes, for each second sub-band, the steps of: dividing (E4) the second sub-bands into blocks (Bp,n), selecting (E9) first blocks which are to be coded by setting to a predetermined value and second blocks which are to be coded by trellis coded quantization, according to a selection criterion, linking (E16) the second blocks selected at the previous step in order to form a series of blocks, coding (E17) the series of blocks by trellis coded quantization of a series of coefficients extracted from the second blocks of the second sub-band.

Abstract: LL subbands of first and second intermediate images obtained by an inverse quantizer are stored in an intermediate image memory. A scene change judging unit compares data stored in the intermediate image memory and thereby determines whether there is a scene change or not.

Abstract: High quality replay of a streaming multimedia video segment on demand is provided. The multimedia segment may be transmitted as a stream by a server system and received by a client system over a fixed bandwidth communications path. The client system receives a base layer of the stream, decodes the base layer and displays the decoded base layer at a first quality level. The client system stores at least a portion of the base layer in a cache. When a request for replay service for the multimedia segment is received from a user, for high quality replay, the client system may receive at least one enhancement layer of the stream corresponding to the stored portion of the base layer. The client system may then read the stored portion of the base layer from the cache, decode the stored portion of the base layer and the at least one enhancement layer, and display the decoded base and enhancement layers at a second quality level, higher than the first quality level.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a image compression and transmission method, and particularly to a method of relocating a wavelet packet coefficient for a zerotree coding in order to optimize an encoder to be suitable for transmitting image off-line. To realizing the present invention, for the wavelet packet coefficients, located on frequency bands which are divided in several subbands according to frequency of an image data thereon, the present invention collects coefficients in same location on each of the subbands, and relocates the collected coefficients in a same location in an integrated frequency band, formed by integrating the subbands.

Abstract: Motion vector encoding and decoding methods, motion vector encoding and decoding apparatuses, and storage media storing motion vector encoding and decoding programs are provided, thereby reducing the amount of generated code with respect to the motion vector. First, the motion vector of a target block to be encoded is detected (step S1), and a prediction error vector is calculated (step S2). After the length component of the motion vector is calculated (step S3), the length component is variable-length-encoded (step S4). The length component is checked (step S5), and if the length component is not 0, the direction component is calculated (step S6). The table for encoding the direction component is selected according to the length component, and the direction component is encoded (step S7).

Abstract: In video coding techniques, in order to improve a coding efficiency and reduce a computational complexty sharply by mixing a temporal scalability and a spatial scalability, a spatio-temporal hybrid scalable video coding method using subband decomposition in accordance with the present invention includes classifying an input picture sequence into a picture of a low frame frequency BL (base layer) and a picture of a high frame frequency EL (enhancement layer) by sampling the sequence according to a time axis; decomposing the pictures on the BL and the EL into four subbands (LL, LH, HL, HH), coding the low frequency element subband (LL) at the spatial scalability BL having a low spatial resolution and coding the rest subbands (LH, HL, HH) at the EL having a high spatial resolution; decoding coding data of the temporal scalability BL in order to get a picture having a iow temporal resolution and decoding coding data of the temporal scalability BL and the temporal scalability EL together in order to get a picture

Abstract: The invention relates to an encoding method for the compression of a video sequence. Said method, using a three-dimensional wavelet transform, is based on a hierarchical subband coding process in which the subbands to be encoded are scanned in an order that preserves the initial subband structure of the 3D wavelet transform. According to the invention, a temporal (resp. spatial) scalability is obtained by performing a motion estimation at each temporal resolution level (resp. at the highest spatial resolution level), and only the part of the estimated motion vectors necessary to reconstruct any given temporal (resp. spatial) resolution level is then encoded and put in the bitstream together with the bits encoding the wavelet coefficients at this given temporal (resp. spatial) level, said insertion in the bitstream being done before encoding texture coefficients at the same temporal (resp. spatial) level.

Abstract: An image processing system which compresses an image including both a binary image and a continuous tone image by a sub-band transform method with a high compression rate. A 2×2 pixel matrix block is extracted from image data. A transform factor having a plurality of frequency components is obtained from the 2×2 pixel matrix block data. The transform factor is quantized by a fixed-length quantizing method by deleting a predetermined number of lower order bits of each of the frequency components.

Abstract: A generic spatially scalable shape encoding apparatus and method for deriving shape information for chrominance components from luminance component. The present generic spatially-scalable shape encoding applies a series of subband (e.g., wavelet) filters to obtain N-levels of wavelet decomposition for the texture information of both luminance and chrominance components. The application of the corresponding subsampling filters of said subband filters is applied in a manner such that the shape of the chrominance can be derived from the shape of the luminance at the same spatial layer.

Abstract: This invention provides an adaptive transcoder that modifies a data stream for transmission over variable bandwidth networks and to devices having varying processing capabilities in accordance with client desired bit rates. In order to modify the bit rate of a data stream, in a preferred embodiment, certain frames of the data stream are replaced with Pseudo-P frames according with the results of frame ranking techniques.

Abstract: An apparatus for image coding using tree-structured vector quantization based on a wavelet transform and a method therefor are provided. The apparatus for image coding using a tree-structured vector quantization based on wavelet transform has a wavelet transform unit, a vector construct unit, an error vector unit, a scan unit, a first quantization unit and a second quantization unit. The wavelet transform unit wavelet transforms an input image signal. The vector construct unit constructs vectors, each having a tree structure in a different direction, using the wavelet transformed result. The error vector generation unit generates a plurality of error vectors by setting one of the vectors as a basic vector and performing a calculation on each of the vectors remaining with respect to the basic vector. The scan unit scans the coefficients of each of the basic vector and error vectors in a different direction.

Abstract: A group of video plane (GOV) layers in which the encoding start time is absolute time with an accuracy of one second is provided as a coded bit stream. A GOV layer can be inserted not only at the head of the coded bit stream but at an arbitrary position in the coded bit stream. The display time of each video object plane (VOP) included in the GOV layer is represented by modulo_time_base which represents absolute time in one second units with the encoding start time set as the standard, and VOP_time_increment, which represents in millisecond units, the time that has elapsed since the time point represented by the modulo_time_base.

Abstract: A group of video plane (GOV) layers in which the encoding start time is absolute time with an accuracy of one second is provided as a coded bit stream. A GOV layer can be inserted not only at the head of the coded bit stream but at an arbitrary position in the coded bit stream. The display time of each video object plane (VOP) included in the GOV layer is represented by modulo_time_base which represents absolute time in one second units with the encoding start time set as the standard, and VOP_time_increment, which represents in millisecond units, the time that has elapsed since the time point represented by the modulo_time_base.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for performing hierarchical coding without utilizing a delay circuit arranged separately from a memory for storing images. In the case where one second-layer pixel is formed from 2×2 first-layer pixels, three of the 2×2 first-layer pixels used to form the one second-layer pixel (excluding one final input pixel) are read out from a first-layer memory when the final input pixel is input. The three pixels read out are supplied to an adder which computes the sum thereof and supplies the sum value to an adder-subtracter. The adder-subtracter computes the sum of the sum value from the adder and the final input pixel so as to obtain the one second-layer pixel. Such second-layer pixel is supplied to a second-layer memory to be stored therein. The final input pixel is not stored in the first-layer memory.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for subband signal coding, using algorithms of comparable complexity to conventional coders, that exploits a noisy analog signal at the decoder. It is assumed that the analog signal is the output of a channel through which the source is sent uncoded. By using the analog signal at the receiver, the required digital bit rate is able to be reduced while offering comparable fidelity to conventional coding systems that ignore the analog signal. Concepts from conventional subband coding, e.g., subband decomposition, quantization, bit allocation, and lossless bitstream coding, are tailored to exploit the analog signal at the receiver such that frequency-weighted mean-squared error (MSE) is minimized. Because subband coefficients are coded, all results pertaining to perceptual masking are easily applied to this method of coding.

Abstract: This invention relates to reducing bandwidth requirements for stereoscopic imagery and video signals. The invention comprises a method of producing two streams of images or signals for producing images, separately for the left eye and for the right eye. One image of each stereoscopic pair in the streams is of reduced quality relative to the other. On occurrence of a significant change in image content, or similar occurrence, the image quality of the two streams are switched or transposed, whereby the higher quality image is seen alternately by one eye and then the other. Intervals between switching are indeterminate, and such switching is continued for the duration of the streams of images or video signals.

Abstract: A distributed control strategy is provided for dynamically encoding multiple streams of video data in parallel for multiplexing onto a constant bit rate channel. The control strategy is a single pass strategy which allows individual encode bit rates to be dynamically adjusted for each video data stream based in part on relative complexity of the multiple streams of video data, as well as fullness of compressed video data buffers coupled between the encoders and the constant bit rate channel. The control strategy includes encoding the multiple streams of video frames in parallel using multiple encoders, exchanging one or more statistics between the encode processes using an exchange interface, and dynamically adapting encoding of at least one stream of the video frames using the exchanged statistics based on relative complexity of the video frames.

Abstract: Digital-video compression uses motion vectors to encode movement of macroblocks from one image to another image in a sequence of images. Motion vectors are estimated using multiple levels of a picture, with higher levels having lower resolutions. Such hierarchical or pyramid motion estimation generates lower-resolution pictures from the full-resolution picture. A selected macroblock in a reference picture is compared to ranges in each successively-higher-resolution level. Rather than store the levels of a picture as full pixels, only a luminance Y component of a YUV pixel is stored and used for motion estimation. Further memory savings is achieved by reducing the width of the Y pixels from 8 bits to 6 bits for the top and bottom levels, and to 4 bits for intermediate levels of the picture. Pixels are reduced in width by storing only the most-significant-bits (MSBs), or by dithering. Motion estimation searches in each level are performed using pictures with reduced-width pixels.

Abstract: A method for encoding frames of input video, including the following steps: processing the input video to produce a compressed base layer bitstream; processing the input video to produce a compressed enhancement layer bitstream; identifying a region of interest in a video frame; and enhancing the quality of the region of interest by providing additional bits for coding said region.

Abstract: A digital motion picture decoding apparatus comprising an input buffer memory for storing coded data to be decoded, a reproduced picture memory for storing the decoded picture data to be displayed, and a display picture deciding means for deciding a reproduced picture to be output from the picture data stored in the reproduced picture memory, further comprises: a program changing means for changing the type of the coded data to be decoded; a program change detecting means for detecting from the output of the program changing means that the type of the coded data to be decoded is changed; and a display state maintaining means for controlling the picture data output from the reproduced picture memory so as to maintain the display state of the reproduced picture which is currently displayed according to the decision of the display picture deciding means, when it is detected from the output of the program change detecting means that the change of the type of the coded data to be decoded makes the coded data not c

Abstract: A technique for reducing computational and storage requirements of cascaded polyphase DFT-filter bank for receiving and transmitting telecommunications is disclosed. The cascaded polyphase DFT-filter bank is designed by specifically selecting a range of radio spectrum for reducing computational and storage requirements of the cascaded polyphase DFT-filter bank operation.

Abstract: A picture encoding apparatus, a picture encoding method, a picture decoding method and a presentation medium capable of making efficient random accesses at a high speed.

Abstract: A method and system for producing decoding the transmission of high-resolution images transmitted as a low resolution spatially scalable FGS encoded base layer and at least one enhancement layer is presented. The low resolution received base layer is representative of a downscaled image of the original image. In this manner, a minimum resolution base layer is transmitted and higher resolutions may be obtained and utilized depending on the available bandwidth and the receiving system resolution capability. In one aspect of the invention, the base layer is decoded and a quality enhancement is next applied to the base layer. The combined base layer and quality layer video frames are then upscaled and the upscaled image is combined with a decoded spatial enhancement layer information. The spatial enhancement layer information fills in resolution lacking in the upscaled base layer/quality layer image. Thus, a high resolution image is formed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a moving picture mailing system which comprises a video signal capturing device for capturing digital video signals from video signal information of moving pictures; an audio signal capturing device for capturing digital audio signals from audio signal information of moving pictures; and a moving picture recorder for respectively receiving the video and audio signals from the video and audio signal capturing devices, compressing the video and audio signals using MPEG-4 video and audio compression techniques, multiplexing the compressed signals and transmitting combined bit streams to a moving picture mailing server.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for encoding a sequence of frames by means of a three-dimensional (3D) subband decomposition involving a spatial and temporal filtering step. The decomposition is applied to successive groups of frames only after the implementation, on the frames, of motion estimation and compensation operations in the low temporal subbands at each level of the temporal decomposition. A motion compensated temporal filtering step between a previous reference frame A and a current frame B comprises in a first time a computation sub-step of the high frequency subband, followed by a computation sub-step of the low frequency subband.

Abstract: A predictive video coder performs gradient prediction based on previous blocks of image data. For a new block of image data, the prediction determines a horizontal gradient and a vertical gradient from a block diagonally above the new block (vertically above a previous horizontally adjacent block). Based on these gradients, the encoder predicts image information based on image information of either the horizontally adjacent block or a block vertically adjacent to the new block. The encoder determines a residual that is transmitted in an output bitstream. The decoder performs the identical gradient prediction and predicts image information without need for overhead information. The decoder computes the actual information based on the predicted information and the residual from the bitstream.

Abstract: Data elements, preferably representative of video data, are logically divided into blocks. In a bit-wise fashion, each block is inspected to determine whether the data elements for that block may be represented in a highly compact format. If a given block may not be represented in this manner, it is sub-divided into blocks having smaller dimensions. This process of identifying suitable blocks and sub-dividing is recursively repeated until minimum block dimensions are reached. The same result may be achieved through the use of a plurality of ascending tables that are constructed by repetitively forming tables of reduced data elements. The plurality of ascending tables is traversed and, based on the reduced data elements, blocks of data are identified that are susceptible to the highly compact format. Wavelet transforms are preferably used to provide video data to be compressed.

Abstract: A system and method for performing image compression using multi-threshold wavelet coding (MTWC) which utilizes a separate initial quantization threshold for each subband generated by the wavelet transform, which substantially reduces the number of insignificant bits generated during the initial quantization steps. Further, the MTWC system chooses the order in which the subbands are encoded according to a preferred rate-distortion tradeoff in order to enhance the image fidelity. Moreover, the MTWC system utilizes a novel quantization sequence order in order to optimize the amount of error energy reduction in significant and refinement maps generated during the quantization step. Thus, the MTWC system provides a better bit rate-distortion tradeoff and performs faster than existing state-of-the-art wavelet coders.

Abstract: An encoding apparatus includes an encoder for encoding an alpha-map signal for discriminating a background from an object of an input picture in motion compensation prediction (MV)+transform encoding which uses MV in a domain of each of N×N transform coefficients (n), a transform circuit for transforming Pf into n in accordance with the alpha-map signal, an inverse transform circuit for reconstructing Pf by inversely transforming n in accordance with the alpha-map signal, a selector for obtaining a motion compensation prediction value (p) in the mth layer (m=2 to M) by switching p in the mth layer and p in the (m−1)th layer for each n, the selector selecting p in the mth layer for n by which a quantized output (Q) in the (m−1)th layer is 0 and selecting p in the (m−1)th layer for n by which Q=1 or more, an adder for calculating a difference df between a prediction error signal in the mth layer and a dequantized output in the (m−1)th layer, and an encoder for en

Abstract: A video coding device capable of adaptively processing input video data according to property of the data and realizing effective progressive transmission of the coded data even if image components are different in size and/or different in the number of subbands. The above-mentioned object can be realized by the provision of a transferring-order deciding and ranging portion that can prepare an integrated component unit by forming combinations of subband-based frequency-coefficients of respective components Y, U and V and can change the number of respective elements of respective components Y, U and V.

Abstract: A predictive video coder performs gradient prediction based on previous blocks of image data. For a new block of image data, the prediction determines a horizontal gradient and a vertical gradient from a block diagonally above the new block (vertically above a previous horizontally adjacent block). Based on these gradients, the encoder predicts image information based on image information of either the horizontally adjacent block or a block vertically adjacent to the new block. The encoder determines a residual that is transmitted in an output bitstream. The decoder performs the identical gradient prediction and predicts image information without need for overhead information. The decoder computes the actual information based on the predicted information and the residual from the bitstream.

Abstract: Improved efficiency in transmission of FGS encoded video data is achieved by reducing the transmission of overhead information items necessary to decode the received video data. After establishing an initial or first set of criteria for selectively enhancing areas within an image, each subsequent transmission frame includes an indicator that informs a receiving system to decode the current frame using the previously established criteria. In one aspect of the invention, the initial criteria are shift factor values specifying selectively enhanced areas of an image. In another aspect of the invention, the criteria include position, displacement vector, size and enhancement factor for at least one area of interest with in an image. In still another aspect of the invention, the criteria are known fixed values contained at both the transmitting and receiving systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to an encoding method for the compression of a video sequence including successive frames organized in groups of frames. Each frame is decomposed by means of a three-dimensional (3D) wavelet transform leading to a given number of successive resolution levels. This method is based on the SPIHT algorithm that transforms the original set of picture elements (pixels) of each group of frames into transform coefficients constituting a hierarchical pyramid in which a spatio-temporal orientation tree—in which the roots are formed with the pixels of the approximation subband resulting from the 3D wavelet transform and the offspring of each of these pixels is formed with the pixels of the higher subbands corresponding to the image volume defined by these root pixels—defines the spatio-temporal relationship.

Abstract: A compressed video decoder/encoder (reencoder) system for varying the compression ratio of a compressed video program. The composite reencoder system implements tightly coupled elements for decoding and encoding compressed video data implementing techniques of header forwarding and utilizing an architecture in which a shared motion compensator supports both decoding and encoding operations simultaneously. The reencoder system may be introduced in a statistical multiplexer for generating a compressed video data stream multiplex suitable for use in cable distribution and other video distribution systems.

Abstract: A system (20) transmits a digital data stream (22) using a lossy compression service (24) having a communication path (28) through which compressed signals propagate. The system includes a data conditioner (36) configured to condition the received digital data stream (22) to produce data subsets (66). A frame generator (36) expands each of the data subsets (66) to generate distinct signal sets (68). The distinct signal sets (68) are expressed in a data size greater than the data subsets (66) to compensate for lossy compression cause by the lossy compression service (24). A transmitter is in communication with the frame generator (36) and transmits digitized ones of the distinct signal sets (68) in frames of a digital bit stream (126) over the communication path (28).

Abstract: A video signal encoder codes a video signal including texture information and shape information on each of macroblocks, a macroblock having 16×16 pixels and being dividable into 4 number of equal-sized DCT-blocks. The encoder produces encoded shape information by encoding the shape information on a processing macroblock and generates a reconstructed shape information by decoding the encoded shape information. Then, a DCT_type of the processing macroblock is determined based on the reconstructed shape information and the texture information on the processing macroblock to thereby provide DCT_type information representing the DCT_type. Once the DCT_type of the processing macroblock is decided, the encoder generates encoded texture information by adaptively encoding the texture information through the use of a progressive or an interlaced coding technique in response to the DCT_type information.

Abstract: An input digital video signal is encoded to produce at least first and second hierarchical data signals which respectively represent a first video signal and a lower resolution video signal. Each pixel data signal of the second hierarchical data signal is calculated as an average of N pixel data signals of the input digital video signal. The second hierarchical data signal is output together with first hierarchical pixel data signals representing only N−1 of the N pixel data signals of the input digital video signal. The first hierarchical pixel data signals may be differential signals produced by subtracting each of the N−1 pixel data signals from the average value of the N pixel data signals. During decoding the Nth pixel data signal is reconstructed from the N−1 pixel data signals and the average value provided as the corresponding second hierarchical pixel signal.

Abstract: A system for coding video data comprised of one or more frames codes a portion of the video data using a frame-prediction coding technique, and generates residual images based on the video data and the coded video data. The system then codes the residual images using a fine-granular scalability coding technique, and outputs the coded video data and at least one of the coded residual images to a receiver.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for recovering image memory capacity, in relation to an image which has been encoded using a linear transform according to a layer progressive mode into L layers, L being an integer value greater than unity, the L layers being stored in an image memory having a limited capacity. The method comprises defining a Quality Reduction Factor (700), being a positive integer value, identifying at least one of the L layers corresponding to the Quality Reduction Factor, and discarding (702) said at least one of the L layers in progressive order in accordance with the Quality Reduction Factor, thereby recovering said memory capacity.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an image transmitter apparatus which has a data structure suited for receiving a request for diagnosis over images and a received image viewing apparatus arranged for displaying desired images a received side are provided.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for classifying regions of an image, based on the relative “importance” of the various areas and to adaptively use the importance information to allocate processing resources, e.g., bit allocation in an encoding environment.

Abstract: A method for motion compensation adaptive image processing, which processes an image data received from an external source, stores the processed image data and restores the stored data to the received image data, the method comprising the steps of analyzing the received image data into image data having relatively high frequency component and relatively low frequency component, compressing/coding the image data having relatively high frequency component and relatively low frequency component by allocating predetermined bits, dividing the compressed/coded image data into a value corresponding to relatively high frequency component and a value corresponding to relatively low frequency component, and decoding the values and restoring the received image data based on the decoded image data

Abstract: A decoder is used in an end-to-end scalable video delivery system operable over heterogeneous networks. The decoder may software-based and computationally low complexity, or may be implemented inexpensively in ROM hardware. The system utilizes a scalable video compression algorithm based on a Laplacian pyramid decomposition to generate an embedded information stream. At the receiving end, the decoder extracts from the embedded stream different streams at different spatial and temporal resolutions. Decoding a 160×120 pixel image involves only decompressing a base layer 160×120 pixel image. Decoding a 320×240 pixel image involves decompressing and up-sampling (e.g., interpolating) the base layer to yield a 320×240 pixel image to which is added error data in a first enhancement layer following its decompression.

Abstract: A video coding device capable of adaptively processing input video data according to property of the data and realizing effective progressive transmission of the coded data even if image components arc different in size and/or different in the number of subbands. The above-mentioned object can be realized by the provision of a transferring-order deciding and ranging portion (104) that can prepare an integrated component unit by forming combinations of subband-based frequency-coefficients of respective components Y, U and V and can change the number of respective elements of respective components Y, U and V.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing video compression and decompression using dynamic quantization and/or encoding. According to one aspect of the compression method, an image is recursively filtered into its constituent components each represented by a matrix of coefficients. Next, the level of correlation of a first of the matrices of coefficients is determined. Based on the level of correlation of this first coefficient matrix, one of a first quantization technique and a second quantization technique is selected. The first coefficient matrix is then quantized using the selected quantization technique. According to another aspect of the compression method, an image is digitally filtered into its constituent components, each represented by a matrix of coefficients. At least certain matrices are quantized to generated a first quantized matrix.