Abstract: A technique is described for compressing textures for use in a graphics application, such as a 3D game application. The technique includes parsing first-compressed texture information (e.g., S3TC texture information) into respective components of the first-compressed texture information (such as main color information, color index information, main alpha information, and alpha index information). The technique then further compresses the respective components to yield second-compressed texture information (referred to as modified compressed texture information or MCT texture information). The MCT texture information can be stored and then decoded to reconstruct the original S3TC texture information for use in the graphics application. Compared to the use of unmodified S3TC texture information, the technique allows more economical storage of texture information, as well as more efficient loading of the texture information from storage to memory.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for encoding/decoding a moving picture uses a digital watermark for copyright protection and/or other identifying purposes. This is accomplished by embedding encoding information of a first moving picture obtained by one camera in a second moving picture obtained by another camera in a digital watermark format. The second moving picture is encoded through motion compensation. By extracting the digital watermark from the second moving picture encoded data and decoding the second moving picture, the first moving picture is motion compensated-decoded using the extracted digital watermark. Accordingly, it is possible to improve a compression rate of a multi viewpoints moving picture having lots of data quantity.

Abstract: A method for synchronized recording of audio and video signals is provided. The video signals are grouped into a plurality of video frames. The method comprises the steps of incrementing a counter value of an audio counter when an audio signal is received; and recording the current counter value of the audio counter when a video frame is received.

Abstract: A VSB communication system comprises a VSB transmission system and a VSB reception system. The VSB transmission system multiplexes a coded MPEG data and a coded supplemental data having a null sequence inserted therein, with required multiplexing information included in a field synchronization signal or in a supplemental data according to a number of the supplemental data packets being transmitted. The VSB reception system detects the required multiplexing information from the field synchronization signal or the supplemental data and decodes the multiplexed data by using the null sequence and the detected multiplexing information, as well as demultiplexes the multiplexed data into the MPEG data and the supplemental data.

Abstract: A radio communication system comprises a communication channel for the transmission of data from a secondary station to a primary station. The secondary station is operable in a first (normal) and a second (gated) mode, with a reduced quantity of data being transmitted in the second mode. The secondary station generates a coded word providing information on the transport formats applicable to the channel and transmits this coded word repeatedly to the primary station. Different coding schemes are used to generate the coded word in each mode of operation, thereby enabling improved performance in gated mode compared to truncating the coded word.

Abstract: A method, medium, and apparatus for encoding and/or decoding video by generating a scalable bitstream formed with a base layer bitstream and an enhancement layer bitstream, in order to provide forward compatibility, is described.

Abstract: A system for encoding a video stream into a processed video signal that includes at least one image, includes a pattern detection module for detecting a pattern of interest in the at least one image and identifying a region that contains the pattern of interest when the pattern of interest is detected, based on an analysis of the image in a plurality of domains. An encoder section, generates the processed video signal and wherein, when the pattern of interest is detected, a higher quality, such as a higher bit allocation or higher computational processing, is assigned to the region than to portions of the at least one image outside the region.

Abstract: A hybrid high-definition decoder and method are disclosed, for processing signal data as a plurality of block transform coefficients for each of base layer data and enhancement layer data, where the decoder includes a standard-definition decoder for decoding the standard-definition data from a base layer bitstream embodying a standard-definition data sequence, a high-definition decoder coupled to the standard-definition decoder for decoding the difference between the high-definition data and the standard-definition data from an enhancement layer bitstream stored as picture user data embodying a high-definition data sequence, and a two-layer composition unit for composing a high-definition signal data sequence from the standard-definition data and the difference between the high-definition data and the standard-definition data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an encoding apparatus, an encoding method, an encoding program, a decoding apparatus, a decoding method and a decoding program for encoding and decoding efficiently a video signal in interlace scanning. An adder 12 and a subtractor 13 respectively perform addition and subtraction operations on an odd field and an even field of moving image data in interlace scanning. An intra encoder 14 and an intra encoder 15 wavelet transform addition image data and subtraction image data, quantize transform coefficients W, and entropy encode quantization coefficients q. Encoded data output from the intra encoder 14 and the intra encoder 15 is multiplexed into a single encoded stream to be output. Since data with the addition and subtraction operations performed on the odd field and the even field thereof is encoded, dynamic range is doubled while compression efficiency is increased.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention, a method for controlling video image quality may include receiving digital video data into a buffer that is coupled to a video data encoder. The video data includes multiple tiles. One of the tiles is compressed at a first compression bit size and another tile is compressed at a second compression bit size. The tiles are transmitted to a video data decoder. The first compression bit size is unequal to the second compression bit size.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, audio/video data using a table of encoded pixel parameter values, wherein each pixel is represented by an entry including a dominant pixel color component and by scaling a set of segment reference pixels comprised of segment reference pixel values according to each entry in the table of encoded pixel parameter values to produce decoded pixels comprised of decoded pixel parameter values.

Abstract: There are provided video encoders, video decoders, and corresponding methods. A video encoder for encoding video signal data for an image block includes an encoder for encoding all color components of the video signal data using a common predictor. A video decoder for decoding video signal data for an image block includes a decoder for decoding all color components of the video signal data using a common predictor. Additionally, an apparatus and method for encoding and decoding signal data for an image block includes an encoder and decoder for encoding/decoding color components of the video signal data without applying a residual color transform thereto. Furthermore, a video encoder and decoder for encoding/decoding video signal data for an image block includes an encoder and decoder for encoding/decoding the video signal data using unique predictors for each of color components of the video signal data.

Abstract: A video processing method and system for generating a foveated video display with sections having different resolutions uses a network channel for communicating video images having video sections of different resolutions, and includes a video transmission system for processing and transmitting the received video images over the network channel. The system assigns a larger portion of the network channel's bandwidth to a video section with higher resolution. Further, the system includes a video receiving system for receiving and seamlessly combining the first and second video sections of different resolutions to form an output video image on a display device, and a control unit for sending one or more video control parameters to the video transmission system to control capturing, transmitting and processing of the video images.

Abstract: Compact and efficient hardware architectures for implementing lifting-based DWTs, including 1-D and 2-D versions of recursive and dual scan architectures. The 1-D recursive architecture exploits interdependencies among the wavelet coefficients by interleaving, on alternate clock cycles using the same datapath hardware, the calculation of higher order coefficients along with that of the first-stage coefficients. The resulting hardware utilization exceeds 90% in the typical case of a 5-stage 1-D DWT operating on 1024 samples. The 1-D dual scan architecture achieves 100% datapath hardware utilization by processing two independent data streams together using shared functional blocks. The 2-D recursive architecture is roughly 25% faster than conventional implementations, and it requires a buffer that stores only a few rows of the data array instead of a fixed fraction (typically 25% or more) of the entire array.

Abstract: A method, medium, and apparatus for encoding and/or decoding video by generating a scalable bitstream compatible with at least two video formats generating an enhancement layer identifier, generating a base layer bitstream by encoding a chrominance component of a low-frequency band and a luminance component that are included in video, and generating an enhancement layer bitstream by encoding a chrominance component of the remaining frequency band other than the low-frequency band that is included in the video.

Abstract: A method and system for producing decoding the transmission of high-resolution images transmitted as a low resolution spatially scalable FGS encoded base layer and at least one enhancement layer is presented. The low resolution received base layer is representative of a downscaled image of the original image. In this manner, a minimum resolution base layer is transmitted and higher resolutions may be obtained and utilized depending on the available bandwidth and the receiving system resolution capability. In one aspect of the invention, the base layer is decoded and a quality enhancement is next applied to the base layer. The combined base layer and quality layer video frames are then upscaled and the upscaled image is combined with a decoded spatial enhancement layer information. The spatial enhancement layer information fills in resolution lacking in the upscaled base layer/quality layer image. Thus, a high resolution image is formed.

Abstract: An exemplary system includes a data encoder generating a base layer bitstream encoded at a base bit-rate, and a plurality of enhancement layer bitstreams encoded at different enhancement layer bit-rates, and a bitstream selection module selecting one of the enhancement layer bitstreams every video frame based on available channel bandwidth. A method includes transmitting a first enhancement layer bitstream encoded at a first bit-rate, detecting a transition in network bandwidth through a switching bit-rate, and transmitting a second enhancement layer bitstream encoded at a second bit-rate based on the transition in network bandwidth.

Abstract: A data structure for representing program data that includes a number of streams. Each stream comprises a group of pictures (GOP) having a first picture and remaining pictures. The data structure includes a first set of one or more elements for representing data for the first pictures in the GOPs, and a second set of one or more elements for representing data for the remaining pictures in the GOPs. At least one element in the first set represents data for the first picture of at least one respective GOP, with each such first picture having been encoded as a reference I picture. Each remaining element (if any) in the first set represents data for the first picture of a respective remaining GOP, with each such remaining first picture having been encoded as either a difference picture or a P picture. Each element in the second set represents data for a particular remaining picture in one of the GOPs, with each such remaining picture having been encoded as either a P or B picture.

Abstract: An apparatus, a method, and a computer-readable medium having instructions encoded thereon that when executed cause a method to be carried out. The method includes dividing at least a portion of a picture of a video stream into parts of blocks, and processing the parts in parallel by a plurality of interconnected processors. The processing of a respective part by its respective processor includes edge detection and color segmentation to determine block-level edge features including block-level color-segmented edge features. Each processor also performs coding functions on its respective part of the picture. The method also includes block-level processing using the block-level edge features to determine which blocks in the picture are likely to be that of a face, the block-level processing being at the granularity of at least a block.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for packetizing a coded bitstream of digital data in accordance with a transport protocol. Packetizer receives MPEG4 stream from an encoder and translates it into MPEG2-PEG packet. A multiplexer receives the stream of the MPEG2-PEG packet form and transports a stream of MPEG2-TS form as a transport output signal. The packetizer detects a header from the MPEG4 stream and analyzes the header to obtain predetermined information from Video_Object_Layer header and Video_Object_Plane header. The packetizer generates the time information such as ESCR, DTS, and PTS using the predetermined information and an initial value of ESCR supplied from outside. The PES header including such time information is generated. The packetizer further generates the MPEG2-PES packet in sequence with the generated PES header added into every AU of the MPEG4 stream and obtains the stream of MPEG2-PEG packet form.

Abstract: Systems and methods for presenting time-varying multimedia content are described. In one aspect, a lower quality data stream for an initial portion of the multimedia content is received. The lower quality data stream is received at a rate faster than a real-time playback rate for the multimedia content. The lower quality data stream was encoded at a bit rate below a transmission rate. A higher quality data stream of a subsequent portion of the multimedia content is received. The higher quality data stream was encoded at a bit rate that equals the transmission rate. The initial portion and the subsequent portion of the multimedia content are presented at the real-time playback rate. Receiving the initial portion faster than the real-time playback rate provides for a reduction of latency due to buffering by a desired amount.

Abstract: In a device and method for programming an industrial robot using a simulation program, control commands are issued by a handheld programming device and these commands are visualized on an image surface as movement and/or processing operations by the robot on the basis of data of the robot. An object to be processed is also displayed on the image surface and a three-dimensional image of the robot and the object is presented.

Abstract: A system for transmitting video from a plurality of transmitters to a plurality of receivers over a shared wireless channel includes a plurality of transmitters each receiving a respective video stream to transmit over the shared wireless channel. Distortion-related information is associated with each of the respective video streams and each of the plurality of transmitters having access to the distortion-related information for the respective video stream while not having access to the distortion-related information for other the video streams. Each of the plurality of transmitters using the respective distortion-related information of the respective the video stream to determine how to modify the video stream for transmission based upon a channel time constraint.

Abstract: A mobile communication system for providing a multicast/broadcast service is disclosed. The mobile communication systems comprise a base station that encodes video data of the mobile communication system into scalable bit streams and adaptively modulates and channel codes the scalable bit streams. A mobile communication terminal receives, demodulates and channel decodes the scalable bit streams transmitted from the base station and performs a process for scalable decoding the bit streams according to reception sensitivity. Overall system efficiency can be improved while increasing a transmission rate using scalable video coding according to channel characteristics between the mobile communication terminal and the base station in the multicast/broadcast service. Quality of service (QoS) can be provided based on the performance of the mobile communication terminal.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method and system for decoding video data are described herein. In various embodiments, a high-compression-ratio codec (such as H.264) is part of the encoding scheme for the video data. Embodiments pre-process control maps that were generated from encoded video data, and generating intermediate control maps comprising information regarding decoding the video data. The control maps include information regarding rearranging the video data to be processed in parallel on multiple pipelines of a graphics processing unit (GPU) so as to optimize the use of the multiple pipelines. In an embodiment, decoding is performed on a frame basis such that each of multiple, distinct decoding operations is performed on an entire frame at one time. In other embodiments, processing of different frames is interleaved.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method and system for motion compensation in decoding video data are described herein. In various embodiments, a high-compression-ratio codec (such as H.264) is part of the encoding scheme for the video data. Embodiments pre-process control maps that were generated from encoded video data, and generating intermediate control maps comprising information regarding decoding the video data. The control maps indicate which one of multiple prediction operations is to be used in performing motion compensation on particular units of data in a frame. In an embodiment, motion compensation is performed on a frame basis such that each of the multiple prediction operations is performed on an entire frame at one time. In other embodiments, processing of different frames is interleaved.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method and system for decoding video data are described herein. In various embodiments, a high-compression-ratio codec (such as H.264) is part of the encoding scheme for the video data. Embodiments pre-process control maps that were generated from encoded video data, and generating intermediate control maps comprising information regarding decoding the video data. The control maps include information regarding rearranging the video data to be processed in parallel on multiple pipelines of a graphics processing unit (GPU) so as to optimize the use of the multiple pipelines. In an embodiment, macro blocks of video data with similar deblocking dependencies are identified to be processed together. Deblocking is performed on a frame basis such that deblocking is performed on an entire frame at one time. In other embodiments, processing of different frames is interleaved.

Abstract: A method for forming an output stream of data includes determining an output resolution for the output stream of data, determining an output frame rate for the output stream of data, determining an output color depth for the output stream of data, retrieving a first frame of data, a second frame of data, and a third frame of data from an input stream of data, the input stream of data having an input resolution, an input frame rate, and an input color depth, subsampling the first frame of data, the second frame of data, and the third frame of data to respectively form a first subsampled frame of data, a second subsampled frame of data, and a third subsampled frame of data, when the output resolution is lower than the input resolution, dropping the second subsampled frame of data, when the output frame rate is lower than the input frame rate, reducing color depth for the first subsampled frame of data and the second subsampled frame of data to respectively form a first reduced frame of data and a second reduced

Abstract: The invention aligns two wide-bandwidth, high resolution data streams, in a manner that retains the full bandwidth of the data streams, by using magnitude-only spectrograms as inputs into the cross-correlation and sampling the cross-correlation at a coarse sampling rate that is the final alignment quantization period. The invention also enables selection of stable and distinctive audio segments for cross-correlation by evaluating the energy in local audio segments and the variance in energy among nearby audio segments.

Abstract: A method of determining useable combinations of variables for transmitting a subpacket of an encoder packet in a communication system is disclosed. First, an arbitrary combination from a plurality of all combinations of transmission variables is selected based on a number of currently useable Walsh codes and channel environment. Next, an arbitrary MPR is determined based on a number of useable encoder packet bits, a number of useable slots, and the number of currently useable Walsh codes, all of which belong to the selected arbitrary combination transmission variables. Thereafter, a final MPR, which is the smallest one of MPR values of a MPR set that corresponds to the number of useable encoder packet bits and the number of useable slots, is determined, and a final number of Walsh codes is calculated based on the number of useable encoder packet bits, the number of useable slots, and the determined final MPR.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for low distortion display in a portable communication terminal. In the apparatus, a comparator calculates an overall scaling coefficient. A dividing unit divides the source image into a predetermined number of parts and calculates individual frequency values of the divided image parts using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). An aspect ratio adjustment unit calculates individual scaling coefficients of the divided image parts using the overall scaling coefficient and the individual frequency values of the divided image parts, and scales the divided image parts according to the individual scaling coefficients respectively. A combining unit combines the scaled image parts into a single complete image. The display unit displays the single complete image combined in the combining unit.

Abstract: A method of encoding a video signal of an FGS layer by reordering transform coefficients includes classifying transform coefficients of blocks in a current layer to be encoded into significant coefficients and refinement coefficients, reordering the significant coefficients and the refinement coefficients according to the classifications, and coding the reordered significant coefficients and refinement coefficients.

Abstract: The disclosure describes FGS video coding techniques that use cycle-aligned fragments (CAFs). The techniques may perform cycle-based coding of FGS video data block coefficients and syntax elements, and encapsulate cycles in fragments for transmission. The fragments may be cycle-aligned such that a start of a payload of each of the fragments substantially coincides with a start of one of the cycles. In this manner, cycles can be readily accessed via individual fragments. Some cycles may be controlled with a vector mode to scan to a predefined position within a block before moving to another block. In this manner, the number of cycles can be reduced, reducing the number of fragments and associated overhead. The CAFs may be entropy coded independently of one another so that each fragment may be readily accessed and decoded without waiting for decoding of other fragments. Independent entropy coding may permit parallel decoding and simultaneous processing of fragments.

Abstract: Multi-layered motion or still video compression includes, in an encoder or encoding function aspect of the invention, separating the video signal into low-frequency and high-frequency components, processing the low-frequency components of the video signal to generate synthetic high-frequency components, the low-frequency components or a data reduced version of the low-frequency components comprising a main or base layer, and generating the difference between the synthetic high-frequency components and the actual high-frequency components, the difference comprising an error or enhancement layer signal. A decoder or decoding function aspect of the invention processes the main layer to generate synthetic high-frequency components and combines the synthetic high-frequency components, main layer and enhancement layer to provide a decoded output signal similar to the video signal applied to the encoder.

Abstract: A system for processing high definition video data to be transmitted over a wireless medium is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system includes i) a plurality of parallel convolutional encoders configured to encode a plurality of video data streams, respectively, so as to create a plurality of encoded data streams and a multiplexer configured to multiplex the plurality of encoded data streams so as to create a multiplexed data stream, wherein the multiplexed data stream includes a uniform bit pattern which is repeated with a period. According to at least one embodiment, the puncture cycle based multiplexer provides a simple solution for UEP and provides the highest frequency diversity for each data stream.

Abstract: An alpha-map encoding apparatus includes a first down-sampling circuit (21) for down-sampling an alpha-map signal which represents the shape of an object and the position in the frame of the object at a down-sampling ratio based on size conversion ratio information, an up-sampling circuit (23) for up-sampling the alpha-map signal at an up-sampling ratio based on size conversion ratio information given to restore the down-sampled alpha-map signal to an original size, and outputting a local decoded alpha-map signal, a motion estimation/compensation circuit (25) for generating a motion estimation/compensation signal on the basis of the previous decoded video signal and a motion vector signal, a second down-sampling circuit (26) for down-sampling the motion estimation/compensation signal at the down-sampling ratio, a binary image encoder for encoding the alpha-map signal down-sampled by the first down-sampling circuit to a binary image in accordance with the motion estimation/compensation signal down-sampled by t

Abstract: An exemplary video signal transmitting method includes steps of: an apparatus receiving video images; coding and compressing the video images by an encoder; converting the coded compressed video images into electrical video signals by a central processing unit; detecting a network card of the apparatus to generate a control signal; and a control device receiving the control signal to select a digital model or an analog model for controlling the apparatus transmitting the video signals in a digital format or in an analog format. The video signal transmitting method can transmit video signals in digital format when the network is connected, or in analog format via A/V or S/V port when the network is not connected for preventing format errors in video signal transmissions.

Abstract: A rate control system for a video encoder including rate control logic which determines a first QP corresponding to a selected encoding layer of multiple encoding layers, and scaling logic configured to scale the first QP to a second QP corresponding to any other encoding layer based on at least one encoding layer parameter. A template of stored QP values may be used to reduce computational complexity, such as a QP value for each frame interval or a QP value for each of multiple rate control interval complexity values. The QP values in the template may be predetermined or programmed and updated during periodic training sessions. Several encoding layer parameters are contemplated, such as any combination of bit rate, frame rate and frame resolution. The scaling logic may be configured to scale from any one encoding layer to another and vice-versa for bi-directional scaling.

Abstract: In a method of encoding/decoding a video sequence, which is composed of video frames, at least one video frame is divided into a set of coding blocks, and at least one of the coding blocks is encoded by intra-coding. Then a first reliable region that comprises at least one intra-coded coding block is determined, and the first reliable region in the video sequence is encoded such that creation of an information dependency between the first reliable region and coding blocks outside the first reliable region is prevented.

Abstract: Techniques and tools for adaptive, unit co-location-based motion estimation are described. For example, in a layered block matching framework, a video encoder selects a start layer for motion estimation from among multiple available start layers. Each of the available start layers represents a reference video picture at a different spatial resolution. For a current macroblock in a current video picture, the encoder performs motion estimation relative to the reference video picture starting at the selected start layer. Or, a video encoder computes a contextual similarity metric for a current macroblock. The contextual similarity metric is based at least in part upon a texture measure for the current macroblock and a texture measure for one or more neighboring macroblocks. For the current macroblock, the motion estimation changes depending on the contextual similarity metric for the current macroblock.

Abstract: Scalable video coding and multiplexing compatible with non-scalable decoders is disclosed. In some embodiments, video data is received and encoded in a manner that renders at least a base layer to be compatible with a non-scalable video encoding standard, including by assigning for at least the base layer default values to one or more scalability parameters. In some embodiments, video data is received and encoded to produce an encoded video data that includes a base layer that conforms to a non-scalable video encoding standard and one or more subordinate non-scalable layers, which subordinate non-scalable layers do not by themselves conform to the non-scalable video encoding standard but which can be combined with the base layer to produce a result that does conform to the non-scalable video encoding standard, such that the result can be decoded by a non-scalable decoder.

Abstract: An image transmission device and methods a transmitting device and method, a receiving device and method, and robot apparatus are capable of effectively transmitting the image data of multiple channels by using the existing systems which are formed on the premise of transmitting and receiving of the image data through single transmission line. At a transmitting side, the image data of multiple channels to be input is multiplexed with switching the channels by frame, and prescribed image information is added to each of the multiplexed image data of each frame. At a receiving side, the image information added to each of the image data for each frame respectively transmitted from the transmitting device are analyzed, and dividing device for dividing for each frame and outputting the multiplexed image data transmitted from the transmitting device to the corresponding channels is provided based on the analysis result.

Abstract: An image transmission device and method, a transmitting device and method, a receiving device and method, and robot apparatus are capable of effectively transmitting the image data of multiple channels by using the existing systems which are formed on the premise of transmitting and receiving of the image data through single transmission line. At a transmitting side, the image data of multiple channels to be input is multiplexed with switching the channels by frame, and prescribed image information is added to each of the multiplexed image data of each frame. At a receiving side, the image information added to each of the image data for each frame respectively transmitted from the transmitting are analyzed, and dividing for dividing for each frame and outputting the multiplexed image data transmitted from the transmitting to the corresponding channels is provided based on the analysis result.

Abstract: A multi-view video encoding apparatus and a method thereof are provided. The apparatus includes: a multi-view video input unit which receives a multi-view video; an I frame location determination unit which determines a location of an I frame which is a basis for encoding the multi-view video according to characteristics of multi-view frames at a predetermined time; and an encoding unit which encodes the multi-view video based on the determined location of the I frame. When the apparatus and the method are used, the location of the I frame, which is a basis for compression-encoding a multi-view video, can be adaptively determined and not fixed, thereby enhancing prediction efficiency and compression rates.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing block artifacts during a residual prediction in a multilayer-based video coding are disclosed. The multilayer-based video encoding method includes obtaining a difference between a predicted block for a second block of a lower layer, which corresponds to a first block included in a current layer, and the second block; adding the obtained difference to a predicted block for the first block; smoothing a third block generated as a result of the addition using a smoothing function; and encoding a difference between the first block and the smoothed third block.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention comprise methods and systems for down-sampling and up-sampling an image. Some embodiments comprise methods and systems for sampling images for spatial scalability.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing a motion prediction using an inverse motion transformation are provided. The method includes generating a second motion vector by inverse-transforming a first motion vector of a second block in a lower layer, the second block corresponding to a first block in a current layer; predicting a motion vector of the first block using the second motion vector; and encoding the first block using the predicted motion vector. The apparatus includes a motion vector inverse-transforming unit that generates a second motion vector by inverse-transforming a first motion vector of a second block in a lower layer corresponding to a first block in a current layer; a predicting unit that predicts a motion vector of the first block using the second motion vector; and an inter-prediction encoding unit that encodes the first block using the predicted motion vector.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to video coding techniques that support spatial scalability using a generalized fine granularity scalability (FGS) approach. Various degrees of spatial scalability can be achieved by sending spatially scalable enhancement layers in a generalized FGS format. Spatially scalable enhancement bitstreams can be arbitrarily truncated to conform to network conditions, channel conditions and/or decoder capabilities. Coding coefficients and syntax elements for spatial scalability can be embedded in a generalized FGS format. For good network or channel conditions, and/or enhanced decoder capabilities, additional bits received via one or more enhancement layers permit encoded video to be reconstructed with increased spatial resolution and continuously improved video quality across different spatial resolutions. The techniques permit spatial scalability layers to be coded as FGS layers, rather than discrete layers, permitting arbitrary scalability.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a surveillance system, comprises: a plurality of imaging units for respectively taking images of specific objects to transform the images into image signals; a plurality of terminal units for respectively displaying thereon the images and producing command signals each indicative of requiring one of the images to be taken by imaging units; an image signal processing apparatus for processing the image signals transformed by the imaging units and operating the terminal units to have the terminal units display the images from the imaging units with the command signals respectively produced by the terminal units; and the image signal processing apparatus including image signal selecting means for selecting one of the image signals from among the image signals respectively transformed by the imaging units; controlling means for controlling the image signal selecting means to allow the image signals to be sequentially selected by the image signal selecting means; image signal encoding means for

Abstract: VPI/VCI of an ATM cell is translated into an internal ID by distribute VPI/VCI entries into sections in a table according to a portion of each VPI/VCI entry. A section to be searched according to the portion of a VPI/VCI of the received ATM cell is selected; and a search over the selected section is performed to find an entry corresponding to the VPI/VCI of the received ATM cell. An internal ID corresponding to the found entry is outputted.