Abstract: A method of removing blocking artifacts from block-coded digital images and an image reproducing apparatus using the same remove blocking artifacts from a block-coded digital image. The method includes adjusting filtering offsets on a block-by-block basis using motion vector (MV) and quantization parameter (QP) values; and performing deblocking filtering to remove the blocking artifacts from a decoded digital image using the adjusted filtering offsets. Accordingly, since the filtering offsets may be adaptively adjusted on a block-by-block basis to fit image characteristics, the blocking artifacts may be efficiently removed, thus, improving image quality.

Abstract: A recording process records low-resolution video data while obtaining a high-resolution image in a window region being a portion of an entire image. Then, the process learns, as a resolution conversion rule, a resolution increasing parameter by using the high-resolution image. In a resolution increasing process, the resolution of the recorded low-resolution video data is increased by using the resolution increasing parameter learned in the recording process.

Abstract: In order to realize effective picture compression without significantly impairing the resolution, it is proposed that the picture to be compressed be subdivided into a plurality of picture areas, for example into picture blocks each having 16×16 pixels, and the picture areas be subdivided into a plurality of layers, in particular into three layers, which correspond to different sampling patterns. The pixels (13-15) of a layer are in each case predicted from adjacent pixels of the other layers, in particular of the already previously processed and coded layers, the prediction area being coded. The invention is suitable in particular for use in video coders or video decoders with motion-compensated prediction, in order to compress the reference picture to be stored in a reference picture memory (5).

Abstract: Conversion encoding coefficients which are accumulated in an input memory and read out from the memory is input into converting unit. Conversion matrix integration unit multiplies a basis matrix of conversion encoding coefficient by, arbitrary interpolation matrix or thinning matrix which is input from resolution conversion matrix inputting unit and sampling conversion matrix inputting unit to produce a converting matrix, and outputs the same to the converting unit. Alternatively, the conversion matrix integration unit selects a converting matrix which is previously calculated and stored in the memory, and outputs the same to the converting unit. The converting unit inputs the converting matrix from the conversion matrix integration unit and the conversion encoding coefficients from the input memory, and achieves the resolution conversion and sampling conversion by matrix product computation of the conversion encoding coefficients in row unit.

Abstract: Transcoding of a video stream to reduce the size of the video stream with little, if any, loss in video quality after subsampling. After accessing a video stream of video pictures (i.e., video frames or fields), the blocks of the video picture are each subject to matrix pre-multiplication and post-multiplication. Such matrix multiplication does degrade the video quality if subsampling was not to occur. However, the pre-multiplication and post-multiplication matrices are calculated based on the subsampling matrices that will be used to ultimately subsample the video stream such that after subsampling eventually occurs, the matrix multiplications result in minimal loss of video quality.

Abstract: A method for decomposing a digital image at resolution R and MR into a set of spatial sub-bands of resolution R and MR where MR>R and where the high-band at resolution MR is calculated by subtracting the filtered and up-sampled image at resolution R from the image at resolution MR and where the spatial low-band at resolution R is calculated by adding the filtered and down-sampled spatial high-band to the image at resolution R and where a rational factor for up-and down-sampling M is determined by the resolution ratio.

Abstract: A sample cell corresponding to a sample is computed to include pixels of an image according to sample cell criteria and shape. The sample cell shape and criteria define pixels to include in the sample cell. A target pixel cell corresponding to a target pixel includes pixels of the image according to a target pixel cell criteria defining which pixels are included in the target pixel cell. A sample filter coefficient is computed from pixels in the sample and target pixel cells. A filter tap corresponding to the target pixel is defined based on the sample filter coefficient. A tap extension corresponding to the target pixel is generated. The tap extension defines additional pixels of the image to be included in an extended target pixel cell according to a tap extension criteria. The extended target pixel cell includes pixel in the target pixel cell and the additional pixels. A tap extension filter coefficient based on pixels located in the extended target pixel cell and the sample cell is computed.

Abstract: An image compression and decompression method encodes and decodes pixel data based on a color conversion method. Base on the relationships of corresponding color components of two adjacent pixels, the corresponding color components are encoded either by a white and black modification, a down-sampling or an edge modification. Based on the relationships of encoded color components of the two adjacent pixels, the corresponding encoded color components are decoded either by an inverse white and black modification, an up-sampling or an inverse edge modification.

Abstract: Content files such as photographs, video, graphics and/or music are indexed to identify subjects captured in them. Indexed content files are scanned to identify content files that match certain criteria. Content files that satisfy the selection criteria are directed to appropriate output devices for display such that related files are presented in a fashion by which a theme or message is conveyed.

Abstract: A system and a method reformat digital broadcast multimedia for a mobile device. The system and the method reformat and/or repackage audiovisual content into a format that may be rendered on the mobile device without the need for additional custom software on the mobile device. The system and the method reformat incoming mobile broadcast audiovisual content into 3GPP Progressive Download format in real time while simultaneously delivering a resulting 3GPP Progressive Download file to the mobile device for rendering.

Abstract: A system and method that support both progressive and interlaced format video transmission and display. The system utilizes de-interlacing techniques to convert input interlaced format video to progressive format video, and compress and vertically scale the progressive format video to communicate videos more efficiently in a progressive format. The system also supports interlaced and progressive displays, where after decompressing and vertically resealing the communicated compressed progressive format video, the video may be converted to interlaced format if the display supports interlaced format video. The system is capable of dynamically switching between the progressive and the interlaced format modes.

Abstract: A method for reducing memory bandwidth in a video decoder begins by performing a data reduction operation on a decoded first coded image to produce a second set of image data. The second set of image data stored and is selectively used for subsequent image decoding, thereby reducing the memory bandwidth. The data reduction operation can include image downsampling, wherein the pixel density is reduced by a factor of two in each of the vertical and horizontal directions.

Abstract: A method and system for communication uncompressed video over a wireless communication medium is provided. Pixels in an uncompressed video frame are grouped into groups of pixels for wireless transmission from a transmitter to a receiver, wherein the neighboring pixels in each group possess (have) high spatial correlation. Upon receiving the pixel groups, the receiving station reconstructs the video frame from the received pixel groups, wherein upon detecting an erroneous pixel in a group, information from one or more neighboring pixels in that pixel group are used in place of the erroneous pixel. Further, FEC encoding is utilized recovering bit-errors.

Abstract: A feedback circuit for restoration of DC reference levels in video signals is presented. In one or more embodiments, a DC sample pulse is generated representing the back porch of an incoming video signal. A sample and hold circuit, which is controlled by the DC sample pulse, obtains the correct offset voltage in the output signal during this back porch period. The offset voltage feeds back through an integrating node in front of the circuit causing an amplifier to compensate for the signal offset thereby restoring the video signal to its proper DC voltage level with respect to ground.

Abstract: At every reproduction of a moving image, a tamper resistant module (TRM) randomly selects any one of plural electronic watermark inserting modules, and incorporates the module selected into an area randomly selected from among plural non-operation (NOP) areas in an MPEG expansion module. The module can be switched for each image in a series of the moving images. Since an algorithm for inserting the electronic watermark differs for each moving image or each image, elimination of the electronic watermark by means of analysis, particularly, complete elimination from all the images, is extremely difficult.

Abstract: An image-processing device (130) includes a data access section (131) that reads composite image data (10) having one data structure in which a plurality of image data are combined, and a controller (136) that selects predetermined image data from the composite image data (10) and displays only the selected image data on a display section (140). With the above configuration, a plurality of image data are organized in one composite image data (10) to thereby significantly reduce the image data size. Therefore, in such a device as having limited capacity for saving image data or the like, such as a car navigation, mobile phone, or other devices having a small-sized movie display section, a number of images can be displayed by using the composite image data in which a plurality of image data are combined.

Abstract: A system, method and computer-readable medium for reducing the required throughput in an ultra-wideband system is provided. A temporal sub-sampling routine limits the number of frames, or portions thereof, to be transmitted to a sink over an RF link. The temporal sub-sampling routine may have a fixed, or static, sub-sampling rate that specifies the rate at which frames are discarded. In accordance with another embodiment, an automatic temporal sub-sampling mechanism is provided. Additionally, a tile copying mechanism may be implemented for reducing the throughput of the RF link. A WDV subsystem may include an interface to an external frame buffer that facilitates the temporal sub-sampling and tile copy routines disclosed herein.

Abstract: Improved error resiliency of an encoding device, such as a video codec or encoder, operating in a compressed data transmission system, is achieved by enabling the encoding device to “shadow” or mimic the error conditions of a decoding device that receives and decodes compressed data sent by the encoding device. The encoding device is made aware of the specific error concealment scheme that the decoding device employs to reconstruct video frame data from a bit stream that contains bit or packet errors, and is also made aware of the location(s) in the frame to which the erroneous data corresponds and the particular manner in which the erroneous data was handled. The error-concealed data then can be used not only for the present encoding, but for subsequent encodings as well, to achieve synchronization between the encoder and decoder. Advantageously, the present invention improves on, but can work with, conventional error concealment schemes.

Abstract: An apparatus and corresponding method are provided for selecting one of several alternate input streams for transmission, the method including determining bandwidth requirements for each of the alternate input streams, measuring bandwidth currently available for transmission, and selecting for transmission one of the alternate input streams that has the highest determined bandwidth requirement less than or equal to the measured bandwidth currently available for transmission.

Abstract: A luminance compensating method of compensating a de-interlaced pixel in a current block of a current frame with reference to a reference block of a reference frame is provided. First, calculate an average luminance of the current block and an average luminance of the reference block. Next, adjust the luminance of the de-interlaced pixel by a luminance difference between the average luminance of the current block and the average luminance of the reference block, such that the luminance of the de-interlaced pixel is more appropriate and the display quality is improved.

Abstract: A method for receiving encoded MPEG-2 video signals and transcoding the received encoded signals to encoded H.264 reduced resolution video signals, including the following steps: decoding the encoded MPEG-2 video signals to obtain frames of uncompressed video signals and to also obtain MPEG-2 feature signals; deriving H.264 mode estimation signals from the MPEG-2 feature signals; subsampling the frames of uncompressed video signals to produce subsampled frames of video signals; and producing the encoded H.264 reduced resolution video signals using the subsampled frames of video signals and the H.264 mode estimation signals.

Abstract: Provided is a method for encoding and decoding a motion picture frame, which achieve natural picture conversion of frames near an Instantaneous Decoding Refresh-I (IDR-I) frame. The decoding method includes: decoding a first frame which is a P frame that is to be displayed last among a plurality of P frames that are to be displayed before an IDR-I frame is displayed; decoding the IDR-I frame; decoding a second frame which is a P frame that is to be displayed first among a plurality of P frames that are to be displayed after the IDR-I frame is displayed; and maintaining a reference frame stored in a buffer, for decoding the first frame until the second frame is decoded. Therefore, by allowing frames near an IDR-I frame to access reference frames stored in a buffer, natural picture conversion is possible, and accordingly smooth picture conversion without flickering is possible.

Abstract: A method of receiving a bit-stream and extracting data from the bit-stream based on one or more criteria and sub-sampling (for example, filtering and decimating) the extracted data in the transform domain. The method either stores the data for future transmission or transmits the data to one or more connected devices, such as a mobile terminal or a fixed terminal.

Abstract: An image noise reducing method that can properly reduce CCD noise which emerges in an image imported from a digital camera is provided. The method includes applying a first filtering step to luminance component image data of the image with each pixel of the luminance component image data being designated as a target pixel, thereby creating luminance component image data with its entirety smoothened, and applying a second filtering step to color-difference component image data of the image with each pixel of the color-difference component image data being designated as a target pixel, thereby creating color-difference component image data with its entirety smoothened.

Abstract: A method and system for sampling video data uses re-sampling filters having lengths optimized relative to a quantization parameter of video processing. The method uses modeling of an optimal length of the re-sampling filter as a function of the quantization parameter to derive empirical formulas and a look up table for optimal lengths of re-sampling filters. The resulting re-sampling filters are selectively adapted for sampling video data having different bit rates.

Abstract: A system and method for determining and using complexity of image, audio, or video information as perceived by a human observer is provided. The system and method may determine complexity of the image, audio or video information by using a perceptual model, such as a lossy compression system. The compression system may remove portions of the information (and reduce the size of the information) in ways nearly imperceptible to a human, while preserving the overall human perception. The size of the information after the compression may provide an indicator of the complexity, such as provide an upper bound on the complexity of the information as perceived by a human. The complexity of the information, once determined, may be used in a variety of ways, such as characterizing the information (including fingerprinting the information), comparing the information with other image, audio or video information, or presenting the information.

Abstract: An image capture apparatus includes an image capture unit, a recording unit, a wireless communication unit and a control unit. The recording unit records digital image captured by the image capture unit on a recording medium. The wireless communication unit transmits the digital image recorded on the recording medium to an external recording apparatus. The control unit determines, using additional information corresponding to the digital image recorded on the recording medium, whether or not the digital image recorded on the recording medium is already transmitted to the external recording apparatus. The additional information is received from the external recording apparatus. The control unit controls the wireless communication unit to transmit the digital image recorded on the recording medium to the external recording apparatus if the control unit determines that the digital image recorded on the recording medium is not already transmitted to the external recording apparatus.

Abstract: A method and processor to encode and/or decode a video stream exploiting frame-level parallelism. Frames of the video stream are encoded and/or decoded using M processing units where each processing unit processes one different frame at a time. Each processing unit writes the reconstructed frame to a frame buffer. A processing unit can start the encoding and/or decoding process once sufficient data of the previous reconstructed frame are available.

Abstract: Methods, medium, and machines which compress, enhance, encode, transmit, decode, decompress and display digital video images. Real time compression is achieved by sub-sampling each frame of a video signal, filtering the pixel values, and encoding. Real time transmission is achieved due to high levels of effective compression. Real time decompression is achieved by decoding and decompressing the encoded data to display high quality images. A receiver can alter various setting including, but not limited to, the format for the compression, image size, frame rate, brightness and contrast. In a Doppler improvement aspect of the invention, Doppler velocity scales are incorporated into grayscale compression methods using two bits. Variable formats may be selected and Doppler encoding can be turned on and off based on the image content.

Abstract: A method for reducing memory utilization in a digital video codec. The method generally includes the steps of (A) generating a second reference picture by downsampling a first reference picture using a pattern, wherein the pattern (i) comprises a two-dimensional grid and (ii) is unachievable by performing a vertical downsampling and separately performing a horizontal downsampling, (B) generating a third reference picture by upsampling the second reference picture and (C) processing an image in a video signal using the third reference picture.

Abstract: A circuit generally including a first module, a second module and a third module is disclosed. The first module may be configured to (i) generate a plurality of parsed residual blocks by parsing a plurality of 4×4 CAVLC (context-based adaptive variable length coding) residual blocks received in an input signal and (ii) generate a plurality of metric signals resulting from the parsing of the 4×4 CAVLC residual blocks. The second module configured to generate a plurality of scanning position signals based on the metric signals. The third module configured to generating an 8×8 CABAC (context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding) residual block in an output signal by up-sampling the parsed residual blocks based on the scanning position signals.

Abstract: A process for format conversion of DCT macroblocks in an MPEG video bitstream that are divided into blocks, each of which includes a plurality of microblocks. In each DCT block, the significant frequencies are identified and preserved, isolating a corresponding microblock preferably consisting of the microblock on the top left of each block and setting to zero the coefficients of the remaining microblocks. On the microblock thus isolated there is performed an inverse discrete cosine transform, and the microblock thus obtained is merged with the homologous microblocks obtained from the other blocks comprised in a respective starting macroblock, so as to give rise to a merging block. The merging block thus obtained undergoes a discrete cosine transform so as to obtain a final block, which can be assembled into a macroblock with converted format.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for compressing a group of basic media data units, the method comprising the steps of: (a) receiving the group of basic media data units; (b) for each basic media data unit of the group performing the steps of: (b1) partially decoding the basic media data unit; (b2) determining whether to reduce the size of the basic media data unit of the received block in view of a predefined relationship between a predefined compression ratio (PCRA) and a residual ratio (RR); (b3) reducing the size of the basic media data unit, in view of the determination, such that an optimal reduction to quality degradation of the basic media data block is achieved; and (b4) partially encoding the basic media data unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, system and computer program product for the predictive encoding of digital video sequences. The objectives of the invention are accomplished by dynamically determining the resolution of a current frame being encoded and outputting the determination. The determination process is based on statistical and coding information of a plurality of frames, including at least one previous frame and the current frame. Further, general encoding parameters and the encoding parameters of a current frame at a chosen resolution are determined, wherein the encoding parameter selection step takes into account the determination of the dynamic resolution determination step in determining the encoding parameters.

Abstract: A dyadic spatial down sampling filter having tap values configured according to a Kaiser window function a beta factor of approximately 2.5, having approximately 1.5 side lobes, and having a down sampling ratio of approximately 1.9. The dyadic spatial down sampling filter may have tap values [?1, 17, 32, 17, ?1]/64. A dyadic spatial up sampling filter having tap values configured according to a Kaiser window function having a beta factor of approximately 1.5, having approximately 2 side lobes, and having an up sampling ratio of approximately 2. The dyadic spatial up sampling filter may have tap values [?5.44, 0, 20.71, 33.46, 20.71, 0, ?5.44]/64.0, or tap values [?5, 0, 21, 32, 21, 0, ?5]/64, or tap values [?5, 21, 21, ?5]/32.

Abstract: A method and Electro-Optical (EO) system for processing imagery comprising selecting a first frame of data as a template frame; capturing a second frame of data using the EO system, for a plurality of pixels of the second frame, correlating the plurality of pixels of the second frame with pixels of the template frame to generate a plurality of shift vectors, one for each pixel of the plurality of pixels of the second frame, registering the second frame with the template frame by interpolating the second frame using the plurality of shift vectors and re-sampling at least a portion of the second frame to produce a registered frame, re-sampling the template frame, and combining the re-sampled template frame and the registered frame to generate an averaged frame.

Abstract: An apparatus is operable to receive a digital video signal transmitted over a channel and comprises an operational module configured to operate in a first mode of operation and in a second mode. The apparatus is configured to switch operation of the operational module from the first mode to the second mode in dependence of an estimate of an environment (condition) of the channel.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus and an image processing method are disclosed for generating coded data having a desired data size at a high speed. The image processing apparatus includes a coding part, two memories, a setting part and a data size adjustment part. The coding part partitions a wavelet coefficient of image data into bit-planes and generates coded data of the image data through entropy coding on the wavelet coefficient for each of the bit-planes. The data size adjustment part adjusts a size of the coded data such that the size falls within an acceptable range including the target size set by the setting part by sequentially discarding a portion of the coded data in a least significant order based on the size of the coded data portion corresponding to each of the bit-planes.

Abstract: Forming image information of image units (e.g. pixels) of a higher resolution by convoluting information of image units of a lower resolution with coefficients of a multiphase filter. The information of one set of higher resolution image units is formed by convoluting in a first direction the information of the lower resolution image units with a first set of four coefficients. The information of a second set of higher resolution image units is form by convoluting in the first direction the information of the lower resolution image units with a second set of four coefficients. Convolution may also be performed in a second direction with a set of four coefficients. In one example, the image information formed includes intensity information for each image unit.

Abstract: An alpha-map encoding apparatus includes a first down-sampling circuit (21) for down-sampling an alpha-map signal which represents the shape of an object and the position in the frame of the object at a down-sampling ratio based on size conversion ratio information, an up-sampling circuit (23) for up-sampling the alpha-map signal at an up-sampling ratio based on size conversion ratio information given to restore the down-sampled alpha-map signal to an original size, and outputting a local decoded alpha-map signal, a motion estimation/compensation circuit (25) for generating a motion estimation/compensation signal on the basis of the previous decoded video signal and a motion vector signal, a second down-sampling circuit (26) for down-sampling the motion estimation/compensation signal at the down-sampling ratio, a binary image encoder for encoding the alpha-map signal down-sampled by the first down-sampling circuit to a binary image in accordance with the motion estimation/compensation signal down-sampled by t

Abstract: An image processing circuit includes: a motion detector for detecting motion of an image carried by a first video signal to generate a selection signal, where regarding a pixel of the image, the motion detector generates a selection value in the selection signal, the selection value corresponding to the pixel; a field up-sampling filter for performing chroma up-sampling of the pixel on a field in a second video signal corresponding to the first video signal; a frame up-sampling filter for performing chroma up-sampling of the pixel on a frame in the second video signal; and a switching unit utilized for inputting the second video signal into one of the field up-sampling filter and the frame up-sampling filter according to the selection value to perform chroma up-sampling of the pixel.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a receiver. The receiver includes a video decoder and a frame throttle configured to receive a video sequence comprising a plurality of video frames. The frame throttle is further configured to drop one or more of the video frames from the video sequence before providing the video sequence to the video decoder.

Abstract: An analyzer transforms a digital signal into a spectrum representing the digital signal. A spectrum analyzing unit specifies a predetermined number of sets of the bands in decreasing order of the correlation between the spectrum distributions from among the bands obtained by equally dividing the above spectrum into equal bands, and then specifies one of the two specified bands as a removed band and the other as a interpolation band. Then, a frequency shifting unit removes spectrum components within the removed bands and shifts spectrum components within another bands to the lower frequency side (that is, performs the thinning and compressing of frequency), and then supplies a signal representing the spectrum after thinning and compressing to a synthesizer. The synthesizer generates a signal represented by the spectrum after thinning and compressing.

Abstract: A process and a system is described for generating an MPEG output bitstream starting from an MPEG input bitstream. The output bitstream has a resolution modified with respect to the resolution of the input bitstream. In the input bitstream, first portions that substantially do not affect and second portions that do affect resolution variation are distinguished. The second portions are then subjected to a function of modification of the resolution obtained by filtering the second portions in a domain of the discrete cosine transform, and then are transferred to the output bitstream. A corresponding computer program product is also provided.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention comprise methods and systems for down-sampling and up-sampling an image. Some embodiments comprise methods and systems for sampling images for spatial scalability.

Abstract: Methods, medium, and machines which compress, enhance, encode, transmit, decompress and display digital video images in real time. Real time compression is achieved by sub-sampling each frame of a video signal, filtering the pixel values, and encoding. Real time transmission is achieved due to high levels of effective compression. Real time decompression is achieved by decoding and decompressing the encoded data to display high quality images. Receiver can alter various setting including but not limited to the format for the compression, image size, frame rate, brightness and contrast.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for downscaling video images to a lower resolution (e.g. from HDTV to SDTV) is presented. The method comprising the steps of frequency domain anti-aliasing filtering and downscaling the first video signal in a first direction corresponding with a line direction in the first video signal to obtain a downscaled video signal, and spatial domain downscaling the downscaled video signal in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction to obtain the second video signal. The method and apparatus of the invention are suitable for efficient and high quality decoding both progressive and any-type encoded interlaced signals.

Abstract: An alpha-map encoding apparatus includes a first down-sampling circuit (21) for down-sampling an alpha-map signal which represents the shape of an object and the position in the frame of the object at a down-sampling ratio based on size conversion ratio information, an up-sampling circuit (23) for up-sampling the alpha-map signal at an up-sampling ratio based on size conversion ratio information given to restore the down-sampled alpha-map signal to an original size, and outputting a local decoded alpha-map signal, a motion estimation/compensation circuit (25) for generating a motion estimation/compensation signal on the basis of the previous decoded video signal and a motion vector signal, a second down-sampling circuit (26) for down-sampling the motion estimation/compensation signal at the down-sampling ratio, a binary image encoder for encoding the alpha-map signal down-sampled by the first down-sampling circuit to a binary image in accordance with the motion estimation/compensation signal down-sampled by t

Abstract: Transcoding as from MPEG-2 SDTV to MPEG-4 CIF reuses motion vectors and downsamples in the frequency (DCT) domain with differing treatments of frame-DCT and field-DCT blocks, and alternatively uses de-interlacing IDCT with respect to the row dimension plus deferred column downsampling for reference frame blocks.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for a dynamic data correction appliance. A plurality of data points in a first domain may be sampled. The sampled data points may be transformed from the first domain to a second domain. The transformed data points may include a plurality of identified data points of interest in the second domain. Future data points may be predicted based on a forecast rule set and the plurality of data points of interest transformed to the second domain. The plurality of data points of interest transformed to the second domain may be compared with corresponding data points of interest included in the predicted future data points. An error measure based on the comparison may be calculated. It may be determined whether the error measure exceeds an error threshold. If the error measure exceeds the error threshold, a re-initialization process may be invoked.