Abstract: A time domain communications system wherein a broadband of time-spaced signals, essentially monocycle-like signals, are derived from applying stepped-in-amplitude signals to a broadband antenna, in this case, a reverse bicone antenna. When received, the thus transmitted signals are multiplied by a D.C. replica of each transmitted signal, and thereafter, they are, successively, short time and long time integrated to achieve detection.

Abstract: An arrangement to realize the functions of a radio card system in which power is transmitted to perform data communication. According to such arrangement, a delay line and a clock regenerating circuit such as PLL circuit which are previously necessary for demodulation by PSK are not necessary, and thus functions of data communication are realized by minimum hardware construction, size, cost and power consumption. Further, in a data communication system in which electric power transmission using a signal of a frequency fp and digital data communication using a carrier wave of a frequency fs are performed by radio, fs and fp are in the relationship of fs=fp/N (where N is an integer) and a phase shift P when the phase of the carrier wave is modulated by PSK is (M.times.360.degree.)/N (where M, N are integers and P is preferably not equal to 180.degree.).

Abstract: An UWB receiver utilizing a microwave tunnel diode as a single pulse detector for short pulse, impulse, baseband or ultra wideband signals. The tunnel diode detector's bias point is set at system start-up, through an automatic calibration procedure to its highest sensitivity point relative to the desired bit error rate performance (based upon internal noise only) and remains there during the entire reception process. High noise immunity is achieved through the use of a high speed, adaptive dynamic range extension process using a high speed, Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) voltage variable attenuator (VVA) whose instantaneous attenuation level is determined by a periodic sampling of the ambient noise environment. Microprocessor-controlled detector time-gating is performed to switch the tunnel diode detector to the receiver front end circuitry for reception of an incoming UWB pulse, and alternately to ground through a resistor to discharge stored charge on the tunnel diode detector.

Abstract: A communication system 10 for providing uninterrupted radio operation, including: a pre-transmitter system 12 comprising: (i) a first buffer 14 for storing a sequence of digital audio samples from an audio source 16, the first buffer 14 having a beginning 18, an end 20 and a length 22; (ii) storing means 24 for storing the audio samples in the first buffer 14 in shift register configuration format; and (iii) frame construction means 26 for constructing a data frame including a first audio sample from the end 20 of the first buffer 14 and a second audio sample from the beginning 18 of the first buffer 14; wherein the data frame can be transmitted and received.

Abstract: An infrared remote-control receiver employs at its front end a gyrator-configured transistor operating as a current-to-voltage converter, but derives its data information from a negative-going gyrator output pulse in preference to the more conventionally used positive-going pulse. This negative-going pulse may be wider than the positive-going pulse and reduces the bandwidth demand on subsequent processing circuitry. This enables low-bandwidth, low-current hardware to be used which makes the receiver ideal for use in battery-operated systems. Also, the negative-going pulse is easier to detect, as it directly follows a disturbance known to be in the opposite direction. The result is an increased receiver sensitivity.

Abstract: A three-dimensional circuit structure includes a plurality of elongate cylindrical substrates positioned in parallel and in contact with one another. Electrical components are formed on the surfaces of the substrates, along with electrical conductors coupled to those components. The conductors are selectively positioned on each substrate so as to contact conductors on adjacent substrates to allow for the transfer of electrical signals between substrates. The conductor patterns on the substrates may be helical, circumferential, or longitudinal, in such a fashion that substrates may be added to or removed from the bundle so that the bundle will continue to operate as needed. The cylindrical nature of the substrates leaves gaps or channels between the substrates to which cooling fluid may be supplied for cooling the circuitry.

Abstract: A serial data transfer apparatus is provided with a counter 7 for counting the frequency clocks DCLK as the number of clocks of the transfer clocks TCLK, a decoder 8 for detecting the count value CV1 of the counter 7, a transfer interval timer 9 for counting a transfer interval, and with a control circuit 10, wherein the transfer interval timer 9 is made to start counting the frequency clocks DCLK at the time of the last transfer clocks TCLK, i.e., a value of one count before the last count of the counter 7 is detected by the decoder 8. When the transfer interval timer 9 has finished its counting of clock pulses, the control circuit 10 makes the counter 7 start counting the frequency dividing clocks DCLK as well as making the transfer clock output circuit 11 output the next transfer clock TCLK.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for receiving electromagnetic radiation within a frequency band. The receiving is accomplished by intercepting electromagnetic radiation within the frequency band and converting the intercepted electromagnetic radiation into an electrical signal. Subsequently, a portion of the electrical signal is digitized into digitized signals. Each digitized signal represents the intercepted electromagnetic radiation within a portion of the frequency band. Finally, a composite digitized signal is generated from at least two of the digitized signals. Alternatively, the receiving process may be enhanced by intercepting first electromagnetic radiation within a portion of the frequency band and by intercepting second electromagnetic radiation within another portion of the frequency band. Subsequently, the first and the second electromagnetic radiation is combined into a composite electromagnetic radiation waveform.