Abstract: An energy subtraction processing cassette accommodates therein a pair of stimulable phosphor sheets and a radiation energy changing filter interposed between the stimulable phosphor sheets. The cassette includes a cassette body which is formed of a light-shielding material that transmits radiation and a lid member mounted on the cassette body. A side wall of the cassette perpendicular to the stimulable phosphor sheets accommodated therein is provided with a slit through which the radiation energy changing filter can be inserted into and from which it can be drawn out of the cassette without the lid member having to be opened or closed.

Abstract: A cassette for holding sheet film during exposure to x-radiation includes first and second hingedly connected panels. Both panels are curved substantially cylindrically when in the open condition, with the axes of the cylinders parallel to the hinge line and with the convexities facing one another. One of the panels is formed of carbon fiber reinforced plastics material and additionally, in some regions, deviates from the cylindrical by being curved towards the other panel, when in the open condition. Thus, while the cylindrical curvature is convex towards the other panel the regions of curvature out of the cylindrical exhibit some concavity towards the other panel. Such a panel improves the contact of the intensifying screens with the film and also the integrity of the light seal at the periphery of the cassette.

Abstract: A contoured X-ray imaging system consists of an X-ray source and X-ray film holding cassette for taking X-ray pictures closely adjacent to a body surface without unnecessary exposure of adjacent body parts to X-rays. The X-ray cassette is contoured to the outline of a structure or a body part to evaluate it without the radiation spreading unnecessarily to the adjacent areas. The X-ray cassette is a thin flat box which has an edge wall contoured outline of the subject or an adjacent structure. The X-ray source and intervening shields or the like are each configured to project an X-ray beam which is contoured in the same contour as the film-holding cassette so that the X-rays reach the film in the same contour as avoid unnecessary exposure of adjacent portions of the body to the X-rays.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed for producing a photographic image of an X-ray pattern, including the following steps: converting the X-ray pattern to a first pattern of light; exposing a photographic film to said first pattern of light; detecting the light at elemental regions of the first pattern; generating a second pattern of light in a pattern which depends on the detected light; and exposing the photographic film to the second pattern of light. The generating of the second pattern of light includes generating light from a one-dimensional array of light emitters, and moving the array with respect to the photographic film. The disclosed invention provides improvement on the standard radiographic method in the following ways: (1) The recorded film contrast in low X-ray exposure regions that ordinarily would have been recorded in under-exposed regions on a film's characteristic curve will be increased significantly.

Abstract: This invention relates to a gradient radiation intensifying screen having as an integral part thereof a tonable, photosensitive layer bearing a toned, anatomically correct, unsharp halftone image.

Abstract: A process for the production of multiple radiographic images in which a corresponding number of photosensitive layers is exposed in a single shot to penetrating radiation and to photons emitted by fluorescent material sensitive to such penetrating radiation, characterized in that during such exposure each said photosensitive layer is located between a layer of said fluorescent material and a visible light reflecting layer which comprises white pigment particles and has a diffuse white light reflection density of less than 0.30.

Abstract: A method of checking the presence or absence of an X-ray sheet film in a cassette inserted into an automatic film unloading or loading apparatus, utilizes a proximity sensor arranged in the apparatus to sense position changes of a sheet film supporting foil which is arranged for a limited movement in the cassette. The proximity sensor is connected to an electronic control device which controls the operational sequence of the unloading and loading apparatus. When the gripping member preferably in the form of a suction cup seizes a sheet film on the supporting means in the cassette, the supporting means remain in its rest position after the sheet film is removed. However, if no film is present on the supporting means, the suction cup seizes the supporting means and displaces the same from its rest position. This change is sensed by the sensor and a signal is delivered to the electronic control circuit which modifies the operational sequence accordingly.

Abstract: A patient support includes a support surface and structure positioned about the support surface for lifting selected portions of the patient's body from the support surface so as to permit the insertion of an x-ray cassette beneath the selected portion of the patient's body. The structure for lifting preferably includes a plurality of inflatable runners. Structure for placing the inflatable runners in fluid connection with fluid supply means is provided such that the runners can be inflated. The runners are spaced apart from one another and adapted when inflated to lift an adjacent portion of the patient so as to permit the insertion of an x-ray cassette between adjacent runners and beneath the patient.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed for producing a photographic image of an X-ray pattern, including the following steps: converting the X-ray pattern to a first pattern of light; exposing a photographic film to said first pattern of light; detecting the light at elemental regions of the first pattern; generating a second pattern of light in a pattern which depends on the detected light; and exposing the photographic film to the second pattern of light. The disclosed invention provides improvement on the standard radiographic method in the following ways: (1) The recorded film contrast in low X-ray exposure regions that ordinarily would have been recorded in under-exposed regions of the film's characteristic curve will be increased significantly. (2) The overall range of light transmission that must be viewed by the radiologist will be decreased without sacrificing diagnostic information.

Abstract: A recording system for megavolt irradiation therapy, in which the recording is carried out by the therapeutic irradiation during the entire period of irradiation, comprising a silver halide film that has a gradation of at least 4 when exposed with visible light and of metal foils having atomic numbers of 22 to 50. It has improved image quality compared with known systems.

Abstract: A film handling system which permits industrial X-rays to be made on site comprises a film cassette having an area for a supply of film and an exposure area and the cassette after exposure of a film is placed in the throat of a processor. Upon placing the cassette in the throat of the processor a rack and pinion dispenses an exposed film from the cassette and upon removal of the cassette a film is moved from the storage area to the exposure area. The exposed film is processed in the processor.

Abstract: A radiation image read-out apparatus for scanning a stimulable phosphor sheet, which has been subjected to image recording in the form housed in a cassette, with stimulating rays which cause the stimulable phosphor sheet to emit light in proportion to the stored radiation energy, and photoelectrically detecting the emitted light to read out a radiation image stored on the stimulable phosphor sheet comprises a conveyance device and a shutter movement device. The conveyance device conveys a cassette, which is constituted by a cassette body housing the stimulable phosphor sheet and a light shielding shutter slideable on the cassette body, in a direction normal to the scanning direction of stimulating rays. The shutter movement device moves the light shielding shutter with respect to the cassette body to lay the stimulable phosphor sheet bare at a scanning position of stimulating rays as the cassette is conveyed.

Abstract: A film sheet presence indicating mechanism is disclosed for use in a photographic cassette, such as an x-ray cassette having one end wall with a slot therein through which a film sheet is moveable therethrough between screens along an inlet path to a loaded position adjacent an opposite end wall. The x-ray cassette has front and rear cover walls joined to the end walls in which the rear cover wall has an inner side facing an inner surface of the front cover. The film sheet presence indicating mechanism comprises a housing secured to the inner side of the rear cover adjacent the opposite end wall to define a cavity. The mechanism further comprises a film sheet presence indicator member that is mounted within the housing cavity for slidable movement between a normal first position indicating the absence of a film sheet in the x-ray cassette, and a second position indicating that a film sheet is loaded in the cassette.

Abstract: A gradient intensifying screen comprising a support, a fluorescent layer formed on the support and a transparent protective layer formed on the fluorescent layer, characterized in that at least a part of the transparent protective layer is dyed with a dyestuff so that the light transmission of the transparent protective layer is partially varied.

Abstract: Method and modifying body for influencing the effect of X-ray or gamma radiation on a target (7) sensitive to radiation, in particular for selective modification of a radiograph of an object (10). According to the invention a modifying body comprising at least two layer groups (31, . . . 3n) is arranged in front of the target, wherein each layer group (e.g., 32) emits a secondary radiation under the influence of the X-ray or gamma radiation or the secondary radiation of the previous layer group (e.g., 31), respectively, the energy of which is lying above the absorption energy level defined by the electron shell K of an element being present in the following layer group (e.g., 33) or in the target arranged behind the last layer group (3n), respectively.

Abstract: The disclosure involves an X-ray daylight cassette with shortened unloading times. The cassette, which has a film insertion slot on one side, contains two intensifying screens, one of which is affixed to the pressure plate so that the screen has edge zones that are not bonded to the pressure plate on the two long dimensions and optionally, on the short dimension opposite the film insertion slot.

Abstract: A weight is moveably positioned in the side opposite the side having a film entrance slot of a side opening x-ray cassette. When the plates holding the film are separated the weight acting under the influence of gravity aids in ejecting the film from the cassette.

Abstract: X-ray intensifying screen comprising, in order, support; fluorescent phosphor containing active layer; and protective topcoat which is a flexible film of a fluorine containing polymer, the topcoat being energy treated under oxidative condition, e.g., corona discharge, etc., and having an antistatic agent applied thereto, e.g., from a solution containing at least 0.1% by weight of an anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric antistatic agent. The X-ray intensifying screens have improved resistance to static.

Abstract: An X-ray film holder for holding an X-ray film includes at least one pair of support and intensifying plates each defining mutually opposed inner surfaces. A cushion member is adhesively sandwiched between the opposed inner surfaces of the support plate and intensifying screen. To facilitate removal and/or replacement of the intensifying screen, the cushion member includes protective layers interposed between the cushioned member on the one hand and the support plate and intensifying screen on the other hand. The protective layers thus serve to protect the cushioned member from damage by the adhesive bond while yet permitting bonding release of the cushioned member from the support plate and/or intensifying screen to facilitate removal thereof.

Abstract: A front plate of an X-ray film cassette comprising an intermediate layer made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, and outer layers made of aromatic polyamide fiber reinforced plastic for covering both surfaces of the intermediate layer, wherein the intermediate layer and the outer layers are formed in an integrally laminated body.

Abstract: An X-ray sheet film cassette is assembled of a bottom wall, side walls and a cover hinged to an upper part of one side wall. The lower part of the one side wall adjoining the bottom wall is reduced in thickness to form an abutment for the sheet film. The inner surface of the cover is provided with a resilient pressing pad which during the closing of the cover urges the sheet film against the abutment and in the closed condition of the cassette presses the film against the bottom. In this manner, when taking X-ray pictures of a part of patient's body which forms an angle relative to another body part, the unexposed section of the first mentioned body part which is adjacent the other body part, is minimized and well defined in position relative to the other body part.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cassette comprising a base lid element hinged at its rear edge to an upper element of the cassette, and intensifying screens fixed on the inside to both said lid element and to said upper element of the cassette, for use with a radiographic film situated between said screens and in close contact with them. The film is caused to separate from a predetermined one of said upper and base screens during the opening of the cassette by providing said upper screen with a non-contact zone along one of its front and rear edges, and said base screen with a non-contact zone along the other of its front and rear edges.

Abstract: X-ray film package for dental use comprising a flat, flexible and light-impermeable container (12) housing an X-ray film (14) which can be exposed upon exposure of the container to the X-rays. The package comprises an intensifying screen (46) which can be introduced and taken out at full light through an opening (24) of the container and protecting means (32, 62, 64, 66, 68, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 100) to protect the X-ray film against light penetration through the opening and auxiliary means (34) to facilitate the introduction of the intensifying screen.

Abstract: An x-ray cassette is modified to facilitate the quick release of x-ray film by securing the entire surface of the resilient supports for the intensifying screen to the cassette's fixed plate. Also an edge of the intensifying screen is bent in the direction of the fixed plate.

Abstract: A cassette for X-ray film has a cover and a bottom which can be moved apart to open the cassette and insert a sheet of X-ray film and can be moved together to close the cassette and define a light-tight compartment for the film. A magnetic foil is secured to the bottom of the cassette and an intensifying screen overlies the magnetic foil. The cover carries a resilient border which, in turn, carries a synthetic resin foil. A magnetic sheet is secured to the synthetic resin foil and a second synthetic resin foil is secured to the side of the magnetic sheet remote from the first synthetic resin foil. A second intensifying screen is attached to the second synthetic resin foil. When a sheet of film is accommodated in the cassette and the latter is closed, the intensifying screens are located on opposite sides of the film. The magnetic sheet and magnetic foil are attracted to one another thereby urging the intensifying screens into uniform contact with the film.

Abstract: An X-ray film holder is disclosed comprising a bottom (1) to receive both the X-ray film (6) and image intensifying screens (7, 8) placed against the film, and a lid (2) to close the holder. The bottom (1) and the lid (2) are provided on all sides with grooves (3) and projections (4) that fit into one another so that the lid (2) can slide with respect to the bottom (1) by means of the guide system thus formed, and is interlocked with the bottom (1) on all sides when in the closed position. A foam cushion (10), placed within a cover (9) made of airtight material, which extends roughly over the entire film surface, is connected to the lid (2) by means of the wall of the cover. The cover (9) and the lid (2) are provided with interconnecting openings (11, 12) for the evacuation of the interior of the cover. The holder can therefore be opened after it is evacuated.

Abstract: Apparatus for loading a radiographic film packet with an intensifying screen, and for discharging the exposed negative into automatic processing apparatus without the use of a darkroom.

Abstract: A method of taking an X-ray photograph by using a cassette containing an X-ray film and a stimulable phosphor sheet maintained in close contact with each other in a light shielding case. When the cassette is exposed to X-rays through an object, an X-ray transmission image of the object is recorded on the stimulable phosphor sheet and, at the same time, the X-ray film is exposed to light instantaneously emitted from the stimulable phosphor sheet upon exposure to X-rays to record a photographic latent image of the X-ray transmission image of the object on the X-ray film. The X-ray film may be provided with an emulsion layer only on the side facing the stimulable phosphor sheet, or may be provided with emulsion layers on both sides. In the latter case, an intensifying screen may be positioned on the side of the X-ray film opposite to the stimulable phosphor sheet.

Abstract: A topcoat or abrasion layer useful for protecting an X-ray intensifying screen comprising a copolymer of a fluoroester and methylmethacrylate. This topcoat is flexible, adhesive, and nonstaining and permits the use of the X-ray screen in the modern, rapid changer systems.

Abstract: A cassette or an analogous support for sheet-like X-ray film has a bottom wall and a top wall which latter is connected to the bottom wall by a hinge. One of the walls carries a magnetic plate which is overlapped by a first intensifier screen for the X-ray film. The other wall carries a flat flexible receptacle for a ferromagnetic layer therewithin, and the receptacle is overlapped by a second intensifier screen. When a film is inserted between the two screens, the cassette is closed whereby the magnetic layer attracts the ferromagnetic layer with the result that the two screens are biased against the respective sides of the film therebetween. The second screen may constitute an integral part of the receptacle which latter consists of a material, such as paper or synthetic plastic, that is permeable to X-rays.

Abstract: An X-ray photography cassette incorporating an automatic peeler for removing the film from the cassette. The cassette includes a frame and a front plate mounted on the frame and with a rear cover coupled to the frame through hinges. Intensifying screens are positioned adjacent the front and rear cover. A peeling member is elastically coupled to one of the frame or rear cover and extending into a recess or cut-out portion formed in the intensifying screen. A space is provided between the peeling member and the other intensifying screen for receiving the film.