Abstract: A battery charging apparatus that controls charging of a battery by an alternating-current generator, the battery charging apparatus has a first switch element connected to a first battery terminal to which a positive electrode side of the battery is connected in a normal connection of the battery at a first end thereof and to a first generator terminal to which a first output of the alternating-current generator is connected at a second end thereof, and a second switch element connected to the first battery terminal at a first end thereof and to a second generator terminal to which a second output of the alternating-current generator is connected at a second end thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a communications environment comprising a digital marketplace arrangement which enables user to have dynamic access to a variety of network operators and service operators which are registered with the marketplace. The users can communicate with the digital marketplace via a logical market channel enabling user, service providers and network operators to interact in real time and negotiate for appropriate communication links and quality of service. Each communications environment may comprise more than one digital marketplace.

Abstract: A gateway device includes PDTN line terminating portion 1, audio data processing portion 2, header processing portion 3, packet network line terminating portion 4 and gateway control processor 5. Header processing portion 3 receives an RTP packet with session number from audio data processing portion 2 and outputs an IP packet attached with UDP/IP header information to packet network line terminating portion 4. Header processing portion 3 receives an IP packet from packet network line terminating portion 4 and checks UDP/IP header thereof When the IP packet is an audio packet, header processing portion 3 deletes the UDP/IP header, attaches a session number thereto and outputs an RTP packet with session number to audio data processing portion 2 and, when the IP packet is an audio packet, header processing portion 3 transfers it directly to audio data processing portion 2 to send the audio data to the PSTN through PSTN line terminating portion 1.

Abstract: A Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) network is described in which session state is maintained in access switches, but not signaling gateways which maintain transaction state only during pendency of a related transaction. The signaling gateway further provides transparent inter-operation between the VoIP network and non-IP networks, such as the PSTN, by means of a translator which directly translates messages between the networks.

Abstract: Methods and systems for interconnecting SS7 signaling points include connecting an edge device to a plurality of SS7 service switching points using fixed-bandwidth SS7 links. The edge device is connected to an SS7/IP gateway using a variable-bandwidth signaling link. The edge device multiplexes SS7 messages received over the fixed-bandwidth signaling links and transmits the message over the variable-bandwidth signaling link.

Abstract: A communications apparatus establishes a communications session with a remote location and receives a request to place the communications session into monitored suspension. While in monitored suspension, the apparatus maintains the communications session, periodically communicates a prompt to the remote location, and monitors the session to detect an appropriate response from the remote location. When an appropriate response is received from the remote location, the apparatus signals the user and allows the communications session to proceed with normal processing.

Abstract: In a telecommunication system having a network switch capable of independently controlling inbound and outbound call legs, a system for, and method of, redirecting in-band control of signaling pertaining to a call placed by a calling party and a system for providing automatic call completion from the calling party to a called party. The control redirecting system includes: (1) call control circuitry, associated with the network switch, for routing the call from the calling party to another party through the network switch, the call thereby having an inbound leg from the calling party to the network switch and an outbound leg from the network switch to the other party and (2) call control redirection circuitry for treating the outbound leg of the call as a second inbound leg from the other party to the network switch and monitoring in-band control signals received from the other party via the second inbound leg.

Abstract: In a telecommunication system having a network switch capable of independently controlling inbound and outbound call legs, a system for, and method of, redirecting in-band control of signaling pertaining to a call placed by a calling party and a system for providing automatic call completion from the calling party to a called party. The control redirecting system includes: (1) call control circuitry, associated with the network switch, for routing the call from the calling party to another party through the network switch, the call thereby having an inbound leg from the calling party to the network switch and an outbound leg from the network switch to the other party and (2) call control redirection circuitry for treating the outbound leg of the call as a second inbound leg from the other party to the network switch and monitoring in-band control signals received from the other party via the second inbound leg.

Abstract: A telephone calling card (prepaid or postpaid) service system with an intelligent network (IN) for automated call processing has a bailout capability for bailing out a call placed directly to the IN, to an operator for assistance upon the occurrence of predefined contingencies. A service control point (SCP) in the IN interfaces with a switch containing a service switching point (SSP) for switching a call to its destination via the ETSI INAP or ITU INAP protocol. The switch also contains an operator service position system (OSPS), and an originating call processor (OCP) coupled to both the SSP and OSPS. After the occurrence of a bailout condition (resulting from a call being unauthorized as determined by the SCP), the SCP sends a destination routing address to the SSP including a network routing address (NRA) indicating which OSPS to direct the call for eventual operator assistance (via the SSP).

Abstract: In a telecommunication system having a network switch capable of independently controlling inbound and outbound call legs, a system for, and method of, redirecting in-band control of signaling pertaining to a call placed by a calling party and a system for providing automatic call completion from the calling party to a called party. The control redirecting system includes: (1) call control circuitry, associated with the network switch, for routing the call from the calling party to another party through the network switch, the call thereby having an inbound leg from the calling party to the network switch and an outbound leg from the network switch to the other party and (2) call control redirection circuitry for treating the outbound leg of the call as a second inbound leg from the other party to the network switch and monitoring in-band control signals received from the other party via the second inbound leg.

Abstract: An automatically progressively-activated and reset "send-all-calls" (SAC) feature provides the following functionality. In response to receipt at a switching system of each call for a destination subscriber station that has the feature enabled, the system retrieves a stored specified period of time for which a call directed to the station is allowed to go unanswered at the station, and then shortens the stored specified period, thereby progressively hastening activation of SAC for a subsequent call. If the retrieved period is of nonzero duration, the switching system directs the received call to the destination station. If the retrieved period is of zero duration, or if the directed received call goes unanswered at the destination station for the duration of the retrieved period, the switching system redirects the call to a call-coverage facility in the manner of a standard SAC feature.

Abstract: A virtual private network connecting system in a virtual private network is formed by accommodating in a public network a plurality of PBX units each assigned a unique private office number (ON), the system executed by the units comprising in each of the PBX unit.