Abstract: A method for encoding may include receiving, at an encoder, a series of data bits, performing, at the encoder, first transition encoding on the data bits to generate an encoded series of data bits based on a key, performing, at the encoder, protection encoding on the key to generate key protection data, performing, at the encoder, second transition encoding on the key protection data to generate encoded key protection data, and transmitting an encoded series of transmission bits to a receiver, the encoded series of transmission bits including the encoded series of data bits and the encoded key protection data.

Abstract: The described techniques relate to methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support narrowband reference signal (NRS) configuration for non-anchor carriers. Generally, the described techniques provide for increasing the length of an NRS scrambling sequence for non-anchor carriers. For example, the NRS scrambling sequence initialization equation may be a function of system frame number. A base station may transmit to a user equipment (UE) a non-anchor carrier configuration indicating that the NRS scrambling sequence is extended with respect to other NRS scrambling sequences. For example, the non-anchor carrier configuration may indicate the scrambling sequence initialization for the NRS. In some examples, the length of the NRS scrambling sequence is increased by extending the number of possible initializations. The base station and UE may communicate based on the extended length of the NRS scrambling sequence for non-anchor carriers of the NRS.

Abstract: Disclosed are a signal detection method and apparatus, a signal sending method and apparatus, and a remote user equipment. The signal detection method includes: a first synchronization signal is sent based on a first timing reference; a first discovery signal is detected based on the first timing reference, where the first discovery signal carries synchronization information; after the first discovery signal is detected, a second synchronization signal is detected within a first time window corresponding to the synchronization information.

Abstract: An OFDM transmitter and an OFDM receiver respectively transmit and receive N (N?2, N is an integer) control symbols. For each control symbol, a guard interval time-domain signal is, for example, identical to a signal obtained by frequency-shifting at least a portion of a useful symbol time-domain signal by an amount different from any other symbol, or to a signal obtained by frequency-shifting one or both of a portion and a span of a useful symbol interval time-domain signal different from any other symbol by a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a terminal receives downlink control information from a base station in a wireless communication system comprises: a step of receiving information on an antenna port from the base station; a step of performing blind detection of a control channel on the basis of the information on the antenna port; and a step of obtaining downlink control information carried by the control channel through the blind detection, wherein it can be assumed that the information on the antenna port indicates the at least one antenna port to be monitored by the terminal among the plurality of antenna ports used by the base station for the control channel transmission, and the terminal while performing the blind detection applies a specific transmission diversity scheme to at least one antenna port indicated through the information on the antenna port.

Abstract: An OFDM transmitter and an OFDM receiver respectively transmit and receive N (N?2, N is an integer) control symbols. For each control symbol, a guard interval time-domain signal is, for example, identical to a signal obtained by frequency-shifting at least a portion of a useful symbol time-domain signal by an amount different from any other symbol, or to a signal obtained by frequency-shifting one or both of a portion and a span of a useful symbol interval time-domain signal different from any other symbol by a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A random number generator is provided. The random number generator includes a linear feedback shift register and rotator. The linear feedback shift register is configured to provide a first pseudo-random number signal with a first value, wherein the first pseudo-random number signal includes a plurality of bits. The rotator is configured to shift and rotate the plurality of bits of the first pseudo-random number signal according to a signal to generate a second pseudo-random number signal with a second value. The second value is different from the first value.

Abstract: Machine-readable media, methods, apparatus and system for beam acquisition in a wireless system are disclosed. In some embodiments, a base station may comprise a transceiver to transmit, to a user equipment (UE), a plurality of beam reference signals (BRSs) via a plurality of transmission beams; and to receive, from the UE, a report to report receiving information associated with at least one of the BRSs on at least one of the transmission beams, wherein the report comprises an antenna identifier to identify a directional antenna panel or an antenna port associated with the directional antenna panel of the UE which receives the at least one of the BRSs on the at least one of the transmission beam.

Abstract: A metadata extraction machine accesses an image that depicts an item. The item depicted in the image may have an attribute that describes a characteristic of the item and an attribute descriptor that corresponds to the attribute of the item and specifies a value of the attribute. The metadata extraction machine performs an analysis of the image. The analysis may include identifying the attribute descriptor corresponding to the attribute based on image segmentation of the image. The metadata extraction machine transmits a communication to a device of a user based on the identifying of the attribute descriptor corresponding to the attribute of the item depicted in the image.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for dynamically indicating a TDD reconfiguration to the mobile station by encoding the dynamic TDD re-configuration indication into the DCI or CRC calculated for the DCI. In one embodiment, the TDD configuration indication is implicitly encoded as an RNTI into the CRC, when scrambling the CRC for the DCI with a TDD-RNTI. In another embodiment, the TDD configuration indication is part of the DCI payload, while the CRC for the DCI is scrambled with a cell identifier, identifying the target cell for which the dynamic TDD re-configuration is to be applied. In still another embodiment, the TDD configuration indication is part of the DCI payload, where the DCI payload further includes an invalid parameter indicating to the mobile station that the DCI carries the TDD configuration indication.

Abstract: A process of hiding a key or data inside of random noise is introduced, whose purpose is to protect the privacy of the key or data. In some embodiments, the random noise is produced by quantum randomness, using photonic emission with a light emitting diode. When the data or key generation and random noise have the same probability distributions, and the key size is fixed, the security of the hiding can be made arbitrarily close to perfect secrecy, by increasing the noise size. The hiding process is practical in terms of infrastructure and cost, utilizing the existing TCP/IP infrastructure as a transmission medium, and using light emitting diode(s) and a photodetector in the random noise generator. In some embodiments, symmetric cryptography encrypts the data before the encrypted data is hidden in random noise, which substantially amplifies the computational complexity.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses for radio resource control (RRC) signaling in wireless communication networks with data offload are provided. The radio configuration messages from a small cell to a dual connection UE may be sent by an overlay macro E-UTRAN node-B (eNB). The small cell may send the RRC messages to the macro-eNB first via a backhaul link, and the macro-eNB then transmits the messages to the UE. In some implementations, the radio configuration messages from a small cell to a dual connection UE may be sent directly from the small cell. In some other implementations, some of the RRC messages may be sent selectively to/from either the macro-cell or the small cell, or to/from both the macro-cell and the small cell. The type of RRC messages sent over the small cell and/or the macro-cell may be preconfigured or predetermined.

Abstract: The use of traffic flag symbols allows a large number of CPEs to transmit traffic notifications to a network controller. In some such embodiments, hundreds of CPEs simultaneously transmit traffic flags on different subcarriers of a channel. For example, in a MoCA2 based access network, up to 480 CPEs can transmit flags in only 5 ?s in the 100 MHz-wide channel.

Abstract: An endecryptor and a control device are provided. The endecryptor includes a first SBOX configured to replace first input data with first substitution data, a transformation unit configured to replace the first input data with second substitution data and an output terminal configured to output encrypted or decrypted output data based on the first and second substitution data.

Abstract: A method includes receiving from a user via a user interface an activation of at least one element to set a privacy policy specifying the maximum amount of confidential data that is authorized to be leaked to a sink, tracking movement of confidential data through an application, determining based on the tracked movement of the confidential data that the confidential data is leaked to the sink by the application, comparing the confidential data that is leaked to the sink to the specified maximum amount of confidential data that is authorized to be leaked to the sink, and presenting to the user via the user interface an indication of whether the application complies with the privacy policy set by the user based on the comparison.

Abstract: Some embodiments described herein include a system that collects and learns reference side-channel normal activity, process it to reveal key features, compares subsequent collected data and processed data for anomalous behavior, and reports such behavior to a management center where this information is displayed and predefine actions can be executed when anomalous behavior is observed. In some instances, a physical side channel (e.g. and indirect measure of program execution such as power consumption or electromagnetic emissions and other physical signals) can be used to assess the execution status in a processor or digital circuit using an external monitor and detect, with extreme accuracy, when an unauthorized execution has managed to disrupt the normal operation of a target system (e.g., a computer system, etc.).

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for providing a control function using a fingerprint sensor in an electronic device are provided. The method includes collecting information based on occurrence of an event, detecting a touch input on a fingerprint sensor, and performing a control function for the information based on the touch input on the fingerprint sensor.

Abstract: A power fingerprinting system is adopted for assessing integrity of a target computer-based system. In one implementation, the power fingerprinting system may receive, at a first module, side-channel information of a first target component of a system, the first module being collocated with the first target component; obtain a power fingerprint for the first target component based on the side-channel information for the first target component, the power fingerprint for the first target component representing a plurality of execution statuses of the first target component; receive, at a second module, side-channel information of a second target component of the system, the second module being collocated with the second target component, the power fingerprint for the second target component representing a plurality of execution statuses of the second target component; and obtain a power fingerprint for the second target component based on the side-channel information for the second target component.

Abstract: Provided are a system and method of encrypting a folder in a device. The device for controlling access to the folder includes a communication part configured to transmit, to a server, an encryption key generation request with respect to the folder, and receive, from the server, an encryption key associated with the folder that is generated in response to the encryption key generation request, wherein the encryption key generation request includes an identification of the folder and authentication data of a user who accesses the folder is an authorized user; and a controller configured to authenticate the user by using the encryption key.

Abstract: A method and apparatus submitting information to be protected before permitting an outbound data transfer with the information is described. A DLP agent, incorporating a DLP submission tool, receives information of an outbound data transfer by the client computing system. The DLP agent can temporarily block the outbound data transfer and send a request to update a DLP policy to protect the information before permitting the outbound data transfer. The DLP agent subsequently receives receiving an indication that the DLP policy is updated to protect the information. After receiving the indication, the DLP agent permits the outbound data transfer.

Abstract: A wireless network includes a plurality of small cells. The small cells each register with the network, and an application server tracks the locations of the small cells within the network. Upon entry to the network, the small cell registers with various event packages managed by the application server. When a small cell in the network updates its configurations and/or parameters, the small cell publishes those changes to the application server. The application server determines other nearby small cells that are “interested” in those changes based on their proximity to the changed cell. The application server then notifies those proximate cells of the changes made to the changed cell so that the proximate cells can update their own configurations.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of detecting a jamming transmitter affecting a communication user equipment, wherein said communication user equipment (UE) and a number of base node stations (BNS) are components of a cellular code division multiple access (CDMA) based radio network (RN), wherein a communication signal unit (SU) is correlated with a pseudonoise spread code (SC) in a serving cell coverage area (CA) of a serving base node station (sBNS) and transmitted as a pseudonoise chip (CHI) in a multiple shared communication frequency channel spectrally located between an upper frequency and a lower frequency of a communication frequency band (FB I-XIX) and the pseudonoise spread code (SC) is received by the communication user equipment (UE) as a serving pseudonoise spread code (sSC) from said serving base node station (BNS) in a serving downlink channel (sCPICH).

Abstract: There are several exemplary ways to more efficiently communicate an out-of-domain seed to a receiver—in a first technique, the seed can be indicated in the header portion or data portion of a packet. For example, the header portion of the packet could contain one or more bit fields that indicate the value of the LFSR seed used for the preamble portion of the packet. The receiver would learn the out-of-domain seed after receiving a first out-of-domain packet and decoding the header portion of that packet. After learning the out-of-domain seed, the receiver could send a packet indicating the value of the out-of-domain seed to the local master. The local master could then transmit the value of the out-of-domain seed in the header portion or data portion of a local MAP frame.

Abstract: A countermeasure in a logic circuit having a logic gate supplying a binary output signal, the method including supplying binary data having random values to inputs of logic circuit during a precharge phase; supplying data to process to inputs of the logic circuit during a data processing phase; supplying on input of the logic circuit a precharge command signal launching a precharge phase; and under the effect of the precharge command signal, adapting the functioning of a logic gate of the logic circuit, statistically unbalanced, so that the output signal of the logic gate is in a binary state with a same probability as the random binary data supplied on input of the logic circuit during the precharge phase.

Abstract: A request to render content associated with a first super distributed content file is detected by a content rendering device. At least one portion of the content associated with the first super distributed content file is determined to be missing from the first super distributed content file. A second file including the at least one portion of the content missing from the first super distributed content file is obtained from a server. The at least one portion of the content of the second file includes partial encrypted portions of the content associated with an encryption system of the content rendering device. A content output stream including decrypted partial encrypted portions of the content of the second file and the content associated with the first super distributed content file is generated. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.

Abstract: An approach to data communication makes use of a protocol for encoding data on a serial link that provides both a run length limiting function and a frame marking function, while minimizing communication overhead over the data bearing portions of the signal, and while limiting latency introduced into the communication. In some examples, a single bit is added as a frame marker in such a way that a single bit frame marker also limits run length.

Abstract: A preamble portion of a physical layer (PHY) data unit is generated for transmission via a long range communication protocol. A service field is generated with a length of eight or less bits. A data portion of the PHY data unit is generated to include the service field having the length of eight bits or less.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes: an extractor to extract colors used in input data; a converter to convert signals of the extracted colors into intermediate color signals each including three color signal components including brightness; an evaluator to evaluate recognizabilities of the colors based on the intermediate color signals; a generator to generate additional image data to be added to data for ordinary image formation based on a result of the evaluation and the input data; and a color convertor to convert the input data into the data for ordinary image formation.

Abstract: A media storage device may store content adapted to be inserted in a media reader for reading the content. The content may be encrypted, and the media storage may include a smart object physically attached to the media storage and arranged to be read by a smart object reader of the media reader. The smart object may include security information for decrypting the content in the smart object reader.

Abstract: Methods and systems for slow associated control channel signaling are disclosed. An example method for securing communications in a mobile network disclosed herein comprises transmitting a first variant of a message of a first type on a first slow associated control channel (SACCH) before ciphering is started on the first SACCH, and after ciphering is started on the first SACCH, transmitting a second variant of the message of the first type on the first SACCH, and subsequently transmitting the second variant of the message of the first type on the first SACCH, wherein the subsequently transmitted second variant of the message of the first type is the next transmitted message of the first type on the first SACCH.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, a first bit sequence of a first length is assigned to a first group of signaling bits. Further, a second bit sequence of a second length is assigned to a second group of signaling bits. The first bit sequence is scrambled with a first scrambling sequence, and the second bit sequence is scrambled with a second scrambling sequence different from the first scrambling sequence. A first and a second orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol are assigned to the first and the second scrambled bit sequences respectively, and the first and second orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols are transmitted as synchronization symbols of a data frame. Further, a corresponding method for receiving the data frame, and apparatuses for transmission and reception are disclosed.

Abstract: A high data rate optical signal is inverse multiplexed into a multitude of lower-rate tributaries, each of which is coded by its unique OCDM code, and the combined coded tributaries are injected into a common phase scrambler. Coherent summation of these optically encoded tributaries pass through a shared phase or phase and frequency scrambler before exiting the secure location. The setting of the scrambler acts as the key. The authorized recipient with the correct key retrieves the ones and zeros of the several decoded signals.

Abstract: A method is provided for protecting data content against illegal copying. The data content is provided by an entertainment system and is output to output units in an authorized playback environment for playing back the data content. The method includes transmitting the data content in the authorized playback environment from the entertainment system to an output unit, and adding an interference signal to the data content such that, during playback of the data content outside the authorized playback environment a disruption is induced.

Abstract: A device for establishing network connection is disclosed, having a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, and a controller. The transmitting circuit, comprising a first scrambler having a plurality of first registers, transmits a first data scrambled by the first scrambler to a transmission line according to an oscillating signal generated by an oscillation circuit. The receiving circuit receives a second data scrambled by a second scrambler from the transmission line and comprises a descrambler having a plurality of second registers for descrambling the second data. The first and the second scramblers use the same scrambler generator polynomial. The controller compares at least one of the first data and the value of the first registers and at least one of the second data and the values of the second registers for configuring the oscillation circuit to adjust the frequency of the oscillating signal.

Abstract: A receiving apparatus according to the present invention is able to normally decode reception data even when a part of an initialization symbol during training is corrupted. The receiving apparatus includes an initialization signal generation unit that generates an initialization signal, and a descrambling circuit that descrambles reception data by a descrambler initialized by the initialization signal. The reception data includes a training data set for establishing connection of high-speed serial communication, the training data set including one or more TSn ordered sets. The TSn ordered set includes one or more COM symbols and one or more pieces of data other than COM symbols. The initialization signal generation unit generates the initialization signal at an initialization last timing at which at least the last COM symbol among the COM symbols forming the last TSn ordered set included in the training data set is input to the descrambling circuit.

Abstract: A method of constructing shares in a secret is disclosed. The method operates in a network comprising a number of computing devices, each arranged to securely store at least one share in the secret k for which n shares are required to reconstruct the secret and to which access to a number m of the shares can be reliably provided at any given time. The method comprises the steps of: determining n shares for an n-of-n secret sharing scheme, each share comprising a value y; storing at least some of the shares in the computing devices such that at least m of the n shares are reliably accessible; determining the shared secret k according to the shares y; determining a further (n-m) shares consistent with the shared secret k and the shares y; and storing the additional shares in a reliably accessible location.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method for content protection. A system according to an embodiment includes a media center connectable to a mobile secure and protection keyring associated with an identifier and with a media Key block MKB. The media center includes: a unique identifier identifying the media center MC_UID, a set of device keys DK; storage means for storing files identified by respective file identifiers; and a processing unit comprising file encryption means for encrypting each file before storage in the storage means, using a title key (Kt) computed from the identifier MC_UID of the media center and for encrypting the title key Kt from the set of device keys DK of the media center, and from the identifier and the media key block MKB of the mobile secure and protection keyring, the media center being further provided to write the encrypted title key (eKt) in association with the file identifier of the file to the mobile secure and protection keyring.

Abstract: A method of operating a User Equipment (UE) for generating a second scrambling code group where the UE is configured for receiving downlink transmission from a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) on a set of at least two downlink carriers including an anchor carrier and at least a first secondary carrier includes: determining a first scrambling code group associated with a first cell on the anchor carrier and deriving the second scrambling code group associated with a second cell on said first secondary carrier using a predefined rule defining the relation between the second scrambling code group and the first scrambling code group.

Abstract: A method of managing a domain, a method of extending a domain, and a method of selecting a reference point controller are provided. The method of operating the domain includes: receiving a request for authenticating a reference point controller from a reference point controller candidate; invalidating a membership of the stored reference point controller; generating a unique reference point controller membership for verifying that the reference point controller candidate is a new reference point controller; and transmitting the generated reference point controller membership to the reference point controller candidate. Accordingly, even when an error occurs in the reference point controller, the function of the reference point controller can be rapidly replaced by using the reference point controller candidate.

Abstract: A personal-information managing apparatus includes: a usage permission policy managing unit to manage usage permission policy in which a boundary between usage permission and usage prohibition of personal information is defined; a personal information request receiving unit to receive a request for the personal information from the personal-information handling apparatus; a usage-permission issuing unit to obtain the usage permission policy corresponding to the received request via the usage permission policy managing unit, and to issue a usage permit corresponding to the usage permission policy and the requested personal information to the personal-information handling apparatus; a usage permit issue history managing unit to manage the issued usage permit and usage permission issue history relating to the personal information; and a credibility establishing unit to establish credibility of information exchange with the personal-information handling apparatus in relation to the issuing of the usage permit and

Abstract: A multi-carrier data communication is selectively operable in one of different communication modes which result in differently structured communication signals, the communication being configured for processing a data item intended to be transmitted to generate different transmission candidate data; selecting one of the transmission candidate data for transmission; selecting one of the communication modes based on the selected data item; and transmitting the selected data item using the selected communication mode.

Abstract: In an OCDM-based photonic encryption system by applying random noise on unused channels and varying the inter-code phases on realistic framing repetition, an OCDM-based encryption system with provable security guarantees results.

Abstract: In accordance with certain aspects, data is received and a digital signature is generated and output. The digital signature can be a digital signature of the data and one or more conditions that are to be satisfied in order for the data to be revealed, or a digital signature over data generated using a private key associated with a bound key that is bound to one or more processors.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a memory and a controller. The controller is configured to scramble data using a scramble key to produce scrambled data and to encode the scramble key to produce an encoded scramble key. The controller is further configured to store the encoded scramble key and the scrambled data to the memory.

Abstract: The invention prevents intercepted keys from being used in unauthorized whitebox descrambler modules for the decryption of a ciphertext. Hereto a receiver with a personalized whitebox descrambler is proposed, whereby a part of the descrambling operation of the personalized descrambler is performed in a preprocessing module external to the descrambler.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to secure communications in a mobile network are disclosed. An example method disclosed herein comprises randomizing a first set of bits associated with information to be communicated over a slow associated control channel by applying a scrambling factor to generate a set of scrambled bits equal in length to the first set of bits. Another example method disclosed herein comprises concatenating a set of error detection bits with a set of information bits associated with information to be transmitted over a slow associated control channel to generate a set of coded bits, and shuffling the set of coded bits to generate a set of shuffled bits.

Abstract: A method and apparatuses for verifying Cryptographically Generated Address (CGA) signature are provided. The method includes: receiving a message sent by a CGA address owner, wherein a RSA public key, a first RSA public key signature, a second public key, and a second public key signature are carried in the message, the first RSA public key binds one or more second public keys, and a part protected by the first public key signature includes the one or more second public keys; verifying the first RSA public key signature according to the message; extracting the second public key, and verifying the second public key signature. According to the method and apparatuses of the embodiment, the effect of supporting other public key can be achieved, the change of the IP address can be omitted, and public key deployment and computing resources are saved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and a method for transmitting data between a first terminal and a communication network access point. The method may comprise the steps of defining a first set of scrambling codes and a second set of scrambling codes different from the first set of scrambling codes. Further, the method may comprise defining a first selection scheme for a first parameter. The method may still further comprise determining a current parameter value for the first parameter and evaluating the current parameter value on the basis of the first selection scheme and selecting a scrambling code from the first set of scrambling codes or the second set of scrambling codes based on the evaluation. Even further, the method may comprise packaging and transmitting data between the first terminal and the communication network access point using the selected scrambling codes.

Abstract: A method is provided for detecting scrambling of a radiocommunication network. The method is applied by a radiocommunication circuit capable of being connected to the network by being synchronized on a radiocommunication channel. The method includes a final detection phase, having the following steps: detection of verification of the following final condition: there are N radiocommunication channels on which the radiocommunication circuit cannot be synchronized despite detection of a power level normally sufficient for being synchronized, where N>2; and if the final condition is verified, generation of a final scrambling signal with a probability of scrambling equal to 100%. The method also includes at least one intermediate detection phase, having the following steps: detection of verification of at least one intermediate condition; and if the at least one intermediate condition is verified, generation of an intermediate scrambling signal with a probability of scrambling of less than 100%.

Abstract: A media storage device may store content adapted to be inserted in a media reader for reading the content. The content may be encrypted, and the media storage may include a smart object physically attached to the media storage and arranged to be read by a smart object reader of the media reader. The smart object may include security information for decrypting the content in the smart object reader.